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Collaborative learning is an effective approach in enhancing student learning outcomes, particularly in developing cognitive, social, and emotional skills. Through interactions among students within groups, this learning model allows them to share knowledge, discuss, and solve problems together, leading to a deeper understanding of the material. Furthermore, collaborative learning fosters critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills, which are essential for addressing the challenges of the 21st century. Despite its numerous benefits, the implementation of collaborative learning faces several challenges, such as unequal participation among group members and the need for effective group dynamics management. Therefore, the role of the teacher is crucial in managing the collaboration process to ensure optimal contribution from each student. Overall, collaborative learning has a positive impact on improving student learning outcomes and supports the development of skills relevant to future life.

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) learning model with the discussion method in the experimental class compared to the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) combined with the lecture method in the control class in improving student learning outcomes in Economics. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test design, involving 30 grade X students in each group. The results showed that the application of PjBL with discussion provided a more significant increase in student learning outcomes compared to the IBL model with lectures. The PjBL model encourages students to be active, creative, and collaborative in learning, while the lecture method in IBL is more passive. In conclusion, the PjBL model with discussion is recommended to improve the quality of learning, in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum approach which emphasizes interactive and contextual learning experiences.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students in class IV-A in IPAS subjects, especially on the material of friction and muscle force, by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles, each of which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 28 students of class IV-A. The instruments used include learning outcome tests to measure students' understanding of the material taught. The results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. At the pre-cycle stage, only 39% of students achieved mastery, while 61% of students were not yet complete. After the implementation of PBL, in cycle 1 student completeness increased to 71%, and in cycle 2 all students reached completeness with a percentage of 100%. PBL proved to be effective in improving students' understanding of the concepts of friction and muscle force through problem solving that is relevant to everyday life. Thus, the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in IPAS subjects, especially in understanding abstract concepts such as force. This method is also effective in developing students' critical and collaborative thinking skills.  

This Classroom Action Research aimed to enhance the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya in understanding the multiplication of whole numbers up to 100. The study involved 27 students. Data was collected through observation, tests, and documentation. The cooperative learning model, Teams Games Tournament (TGT), was implemented. Results indicated a significant improvement in students' mathematics achievement, particularly in multiplication, following the implementation of TGT. The percentage of students achieving mastery increased from 37.04% in the pre-cycle to 85.19% in Cycle II. This substantial improvement suggests that TGT effectively created an active, collaborative, and engaging learning environment, motivating students to participate more actively in the learning process. Furthermore, there was a notable increase in the class average across cycles. The implementation of TGT successfully achieved the research objective of enhancing students' understanding of the multiplication concept. Therefore, it is recommended that the TGT model be considered as an alternative to improve the quality of mathematics education in elementary schools.    

This study aims to examine the effect of the use of the Kahoot application in teaching materials for reading numerical texts on students' understanding and ability to solve problems related to the material. The research design used was an experiment with a quantitative approach, with a pre-test post-test control group model. The research sample consisted of two classes of junior high school grade VII students, each of which was given different treatment, namely the use of the Kahoot application in the experimental group and the conventional method in the control group. The results showed that the use of the Kahoot app could improve students' understanding of social arithmetic material, with a significant increase in scores in the experimental group (25 points) compared to the control group (8 points). In addition, the Kahoot application has also been shown to increase student motivation and participation in learning, with the majority of students feeling more interested and motivated to learn actively and collaboratively. These findings suggest that the use of the Kahoot app can be an effective tool for improving learning outcomes and student engagement in math learning.

The objective of this research is to enhance the academic performance of Grade III students at SDN Margomulyo 1 Ngawi in the subject of animal life cycle by implementing a cooperative learning approach using Montessori media. The study methodology used is classroom action research (CAR) consisting of two cycles. During the first phase, the assessment of student learning outcomes revealed a limited level of proficiency, as just 44% of students successfully attained the desired learning goals. Following the implementation of the cooperative learning paradigm using Montessori media in the second cycle, there was a notable improvement, with 88% of students attaining mastery and an average score rise of 82%. This research provides evidence that the collaborative learning approach, along with Montessori media, is successful in improving students' comprehension and academic achievements in the subject of animal life cycles.

Employing the syntax of the Cooperative Education Model more especially, the School Teams Achievement Departments (STAD) type this study intends to enhance students' learning results. There are three phases to this study's methodology, which is based on Classroom Action Research (CAR): pre-cycle, cycle 1, and cycle 2. Participating in this study were 37 students in their last year of high school at SMA Negeri 9 Surabaya in 2023–2024. Students' mathematical learning outcomes show a substantial improvement, according to the data. With each cycle, students' performance improved. Mastery was attained by 32.4% of students in the pre-cycle, 43.2% in cycle I, and 62.1% in cycle 2. This research provides strong evidence that the STAD type of collaborative education model improves students' performance in eleventh grade.  

Education is a conscious and planned effort to increase the potential of human resources through learning activities aimed at helping students develop all their potential and personal characteristics in a better direction. (Herdiansyah et al., 2021). The learning process is expected to enable students to improve their knowledge, attitudes and skills which are very important for achieving educational goals Types of Research Classroom Action Research (PTK) is a type of research carried out by teachers in their own classes by (1) planning, (2) implementing, and (3) reflecting on actions carried out collaboratively and participatively with the aim of improving their performance as teachers and improve student learning outcomes. Classroom action research is a type of research that aims to improve the quality of learning and includes increasing knowledge about values that can ultimately be applied, as well as increasing student activity and creativity.From the results of the analysis of the results of classroom action research conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Rejotangan to improve PPKn learning outcomes for class This is indicated by a positive increase for each variable studied. The results of classroom action research show an increase in learning outcomes. Problem-based learning (PBL) in Civics subjects can improve learning outcomes. The results of the first cycle of research, with an average of 70 results, showed that only 13 students (or 32.5% of the total students) and 27 students (or 67.5% of the total students) did not reach the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) for PPKn subjects of 75% . As a result, researchers had to continue the research to cycle II. After being implemented and improved, the problem-based learning (PBL) model was used in the second cycle of relearning actions. PPKn learning outcomes increased with an average score of 86 and a classical completion rate of 100%, with 40 students completing and 0 students not yet completing. Thus, researchers do not need to continue to the next cycle because student learning outcomes have reached the expected KKM scores and criteria.                                                                                                                                                         

Education serves as a crucial foundation for fostering collaborative skills among students, particularly in subjects requiring in-depth understanding such as mathematics. This research aims to investigate the impact of implementing the Jigsaw Learning Model in enhancing the level of collaboration among students in the context of mathematics learning. The Jigsaw Learning Model, introduced by Aronson and Patnoe (2011), emphasizes collaboration and active involvement of students. This method involves collaborative learning where each student is responsible for a portion of the learning material and must collaborate with their peers to comprehend the entire concept. This study explores the effectiveness of this model in improving collaboration among students in mathematics learning. Through an experimental research design, data is collected through classroom observations, interviews, and document. Data analysis is conducted to measure changes in the level of student participation, understanding of mathematical concepts, and their perceptions of collaborative learning. The results of this research are expected to provide valuable insights for educational practitioners and researchers regarding the potential of the Jigsaw Learning Model in enhancing student collaboration in the context of mathematics learning.

The Think Pair Share cooperative learning technique is highly effective in fostering diverse discussion patterns. The purpose of Think Pair Share learning is to shape student interaction habits. The Think Pair Share instructional approach provides students with extended opportunities for reflection, articulation, and collaborative assistance. The objective of this study is to enhance the academic performance of students in class X viral material at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano by applying the Think Pair Share instructional approach. The research methodology employed is known as Classroom Action Research (PTK), which is conducted in two cycles, with each cycle comprising four distinct stages: preparation, implementation/action, observation, and reflection. The research findings indicate that the implementation of the Think Pair Share (TPS) instructional approach has resulted in a significant enhancement of student learning outcomes in class 86.66% during cycle II. This indicates that the research findings have met the success criterion, specifically, that at least 75% of students have successfully finished.

The research aims to determine the influence of the collaborative learning model on the learning outcomes of PAK class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive and significant influence between the collaborative learning learning model on the PAK learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year. Descriptive quantitative research method. The population of all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians is 166 people. The sample was taken using purposive sampling, namely 36 students in class VIII-B. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire. The results of the analysis requirements obtained a value of rxy=0.569>rtabel=0.329 and tcount=2.728>ttable=2.042 showing that there is a relationship between the collaborative learning learning model and the PAK learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year. From the regression test, the regression equation is obtained. The determination test revealed that the magnitude of the effect was 32.38%. Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=15.599>Ftable=2.01, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, namely that there is a positive and significant influence between the collaborative learning learning model on the PAK learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year.

This research aims to determine the influence of the collaboration between the Circ and Quick on The Draw learning models on social studies learning outcomes for Class IV students at SD Inpres Pangalloang District. Mamuju. This research uses a quantitative research method. The sampling method in this research uses a saturated sampling technique. The research results obtained the Kolmogorov Smirnov data normality test value which showed that the data was normally distributed. The average score obtained by students on the pre-test score was in the medium category and the average score obtained by students on the post-test score was in the high category with an increase in score of 3.1%. These results show that the collaboration of circ and quick on the draw learning models can improve social studies learning outcomes for fourth grade students at SD Inpres Pangalloang SD Inpres Pangalloang Makassar. The results of the data hypothesis testing analysis obtained a Sig value. (2-tailed) is smaller than the probability value or H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means the data analysis coefficient is positive. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of collaborative learning models and quick on the draw on social studies learning outcomes for fourth grade students at SD Inpres Pangalloang.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of students' perceptions on the application of the Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model to the mathematics learning outcomes of students in class X1 SMPN 2 Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat.  This research is motivated by low critical thinking skills students. The method in this research is pure experiment, with research design Noneequivalent posttest - only Control Group Design. The population in this study were students class IX SMPN 2 Ranah Batahan which consists of 3 classes.  retrieval technique The sample used in this study is purposive sampling, so that The experimental class was selected, namely class IX 3 totaling 20. And the selected as the control class, namely class IX 2 totaling 20 students as research sample.  The research instrument used is the final test.  Test form used is an essay with test reliability is 0.901.  Analysis technique The data used is the t-test. Based on the data analysis, it is obtained that tcount = 1.89 and ttable = 1.87, because tcount> ttable, then reject the Ho at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that the critical thinking skills of students who apply Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model is better than students' critical thinking skills apply conventional learning.

Low student learning outcomes were the background to this study. This study aims to determine the influence of the application of the Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model on collaboration skills and learning outcomes of grade IX students at SMPN 1 Timpeh, Dharmasraya Regency. This research is a quasi-experimental study with the form of its design The Nenequivalent Posttest Only Cntrol Group Design with the taking of the research subject in Total Sampling. The Research Sample is a grade IX student of SMPN 1 Timpeh. This study used a final test instrument in the form of a description question and a questionnaire of student collaboration skills. The data analysis technique used is the t-test. it can be concluded that student learning outcomes using the Collaborative Creativity learning model are better than using conventional learning models and student collaboration skills are obtained by the percentage of students are very collaborative and collaborative students, so it can be concluded that student collaboration skills in mathematics learning are very collaborative