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The research is motivated by the fact that not all teachers use technology-based media in teaching and learning activities, especially in learning about building cube and block spaces. Teachers use more objects around students as media. This research aims to develop learning media based on augmented reality technology on classroom building materials in grade IV elementary school using a valid, practical and effective Problem Based Learning model. The type of research used in this study is development research using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate) model. The subjects of product trials and research data collection were grade IV students of SDN 08 Surau Gadang. The validation instrument used in this study is in the form of a validation sheet which aims to determine the validity or not of learning media based on Augmented Reality technology on space building materials. The analysis technique in this study uses the validity of learning media and the practicality of learning media. The results of the study show that the development of learning media based on augmented reality technology on building materials for cubes, blocks and prisms with the Problem Based Learning (PbL) model has been developed using the ADDIE development model and obtained an average result from three expert validators with a percentage of 81.33% which is included in the "Very Valid" category. The practicality of teachers' response to learning media based on Augmented Reality technology in building materials for cubes, blocks and triangular prisms in grade IV of elementary school obtained a percentage result of 90% with the very practical category at SDN 09 Surau Gadang and 96% with the very practical category at SDN 08 Surau Gadang. The results of the effectiveness test at the first meeting were obtained with a learning outcome percentage of 82.16%. Then at the second meeting, the percentage of learning outcomes increased by 88.16% at SDN 09 Surau Gadang. Then at SDN 08 Surau Gadang, the results of the effectiveness test at the first meeting were 87.19% and the results of the effectiveness test increased at the second meeting by 93%.

Education is a conscious and planned effort to increase the potential of human resources through learning activities aimed at helping students develop all their potential and personal characteristics in a better direction. (Herdiansyah et al., 2021). The learning process is expected to enable students to improve their knowledge, attitudes and skills which are very important for achieving educational goals Types of Research Classroom Action Research (PTK) is a type of research carried out by teachers in their own classes by (1) planning, (2) implementing, and (3) reflecting on actions carried out collaboratively and participatively with the aim of improving their performance as teachers and improve student learning outcomes. Classroom action research is a type of research that aims to improve the quality of learning and includes increasing knowledge about values that can ultimately be applied, as well as increasing student activity and creativity.From the results of the analysis of the results of classroom action research conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Rejotangan to improve PPKn learning outcomes for class This is indicated by a positive increase for each variable studied. The results of classroom action research show an increase in learning outcomes. Problem-based learning (PBL) in Civics subjects can improve learning outcomes. The results of the first cycle of research, with an average of 70 results, showed that only 13 students (or 32.5% of the total students) and 27 students (or 67.5% of the total students) did not reach the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) for PPKn subjects of 75% . As a result, researchers had to continue the research to cycle II. After being implemented and improved, the problem-based learning (PBL) model was used in the second cycle of relearning actions. PPKn learning outcomes increased with an average score of 86 and a classical completion rate of 100%, with 40 students completing and 0 students not yet completing. Thus, researchers do not need to continue to the next cycle because student learning outcomes have reached the expected KKM scores and criteria.                                                                                                                                                         

This research is based on the problem of students who are not disciplined in learning in the classroom due to low motivation to learn, students are lazy to do the assignments given by the teacher, students do not pay attention to the teacher during the learning process, and students play during the learning process. The purpose of this study is to describe  the influence of motivation on the learning discipline of grade II students at SD 1 Towangsan Gantiwarno, Klaten Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. This type of research is quantitative. Data collection techniques use questionnaires, and documentation. This study took all members of the second grade population of SDN 1 Towangsan which amounted to 13 students. The analysis technique uses a simple linearity test and determination test. The results of the study using descriptive analysis showed that learning motivation was in the high category with a frequency of 9 respondents (69), medium category with a frequency of 3 respondents (23%), while in the low category with a frequency of 1 respondent (8%). Sedangkan kedisiplinan belajar pada kategori tinggi dengan frekuensi sebanyak 4 responden (40)%, kategori sedang dengan frekuensi sedang sebnyak 3 responden (30%), sedangkan dalam kategori rendah dengan frekuensi sebanyak 3 responden (30%).

This study aims to analyze the application of the Problem Based Learning method in Islamic Jurisprudence learning at MAN 1 Solok, and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study research type. Problem Based Learning is applied to improve students' creativity in thinking and building solidarity in making decisions. The results of the study indicate that the application of the Problem Based Learning method is able to form students who are creative, critical, able to solve problems through decision making based on various opinions, and respect differences. This method is also effective in increasing students' activeness, collaboration, and understanding of Islamic Jurisprudence material. Supporting factors for the implementation of this method include the availability of facilities and infrastructure, teacher creativity, and a conducive learning environment. The inhibiting factors found are students' difficulties in expressing ideas, differences in levels of understanding between students, and time constraints in the learning process.

This study aims to determine the strategies used by teachers in improving the quality of Fiqh learning for class I at MIN 3 Way Kanan. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The main instrument in this study is an interview guideline to identify problems that occur in the learning process. Based on the results of the study, it was found that teachers have not been consistent in implementing learning strategies, methods, and supporting media so that students have difficulty in understanding the material well. This is due to the lack of creativity and innovation of teachers in compiling and developing Learning Implementation Plans (RPP). In improving the quality of Fiqh learning, the strategies used by teachers include the implementation of student-centered learning with an inquiry approach, which can make the learning process more active and enjoyable. Teachers also need to compile RPPs creatively and innovatively, understand learning objectives, and find additional learning resources besides LKS.

IPAS (Social and Exact Science Education) is a subject in the Kurikulum Merdeka. This subject invite student to recognize natural anomalies by facts. However, results of the researcher's observations on the interest of 4th-grade elementary school students in learning science showed that 93.75% of students experienced difficulties in learning science, especially in the matter of changes in the state of matter and energy forms. So, based on the results of the theoretical formulation and potential problems, the researcher is interested in proposing the development of a simulation video product. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) based on 7 stages, namely, potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revision due to limitations of materials, time, and manpower. After the prototype product is completed, the researcher validates the content, media, and language with 9 experts, with each having 3 validations: (Content validators, Media validators, Language validators) The test results show that 86% of the material validation, 92% of the media expert validation, and 96% of the language validation, it can be concluded that the simulation video product is very feasible to use with minor revisions. Furthermore, the researchers carried out a teacher and student readability test on the simulation video media. The scores obtained were 91,2% for teachers and 89,2% for students. So that simulation video products able as media supplements in learning.

Project-Based Learning is a learning model that uses projects as the core of learning (Permendikbud, 2014:20). This learning model is an innovative learning model that involves project work where students work independently in constructing their learning and culminating it in real products (Nanang Hanafiah and Cucu Suhana, 2009:30). Project Based Learning learning model is a learning strategy where students must build their own content knowledge and demonstrate new understanding through various forms of representation (NYC Department of Education 2009:8). characteristics of the PJBL Learning Model The Project Based Learning, learning model was developed based on the level of development of students' thinking, centered on students' learning activities so as to enable them to carry out activities according to their skills, comfort and learning interests. This model gives students the opportunity to determine for themselves the project they will work on, both in terms of formulating questions to be answered, choosing topics to research, and determining research activities to be carried out. The teacher's role in learning is as a facilitator, providing materials and work experience, encouraging students to discuss and solve problems, and ensuring students remain enthusiastic while they carry out the project.   Keywords: project-based learning model

This research aims to explain the role of the use of technology in the world of education, especially for the performance of an elementary school educator. The expertise and skills of a teaching staff or teacher in operating technological systems at this time are very important in facing challenges in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. However, in reality there are still many teaching staff who still lack knowledge in operating technology. In fact, with the use of technology, someone can provide a more concrete picture when presenting material in the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to implement applications for increasing skills (up-skilling) or updating skills (reskilling) of human resources in order to form competent and competent people. able to innovate optimally in their field. The method used in this research is the literature method which is based on relevant references and then interpreted using the analytical description method, which starts with collecting data systematically and consistently, which is then analyzed, selected and combined to then draw conclusions. using deductive analysis of general problems and then drawing specific conclusions. Then combined with the direct observation method, the results of observations in several elementary schools in Takalar Regency.

This research is based on the ability to collaborate which is an ability that students must have. Collaboration skills, what teachers must do to improve collaboration skills is to apply various learning models that adapt to students' needs. The Group Investigation type learning model is a learning model that focuses on students' collaboration abilities. The success of a learning process can be measured by the success of students in participating in the learning process.This research aims to explore the application of the group investigation model in an educational context and measure its impact in improving the collaboration abilities or skills of class XI students at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda. The object of this research is all students in class XI C of SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda, totaling 36 students. This research is a qualitative descriptive type of research. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a system of field observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis.The concept of group investigation learning is learning that emphasizes students gaining knowledge through learning experiences. The group investigation type learning model has six stages, namely selecting topics, planning collaboration, implementing plans, analysis and synthesis, presenting work results, and evaluation.The collaboration ability of students in class And the results of interviews with students show that students have good collaboration or cooperation skills in completing the topic/material given.The advantage of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class can improve students' ability to collaborate or work together and students can learn to solve problems that arise during the learning process.The weakness of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class XI SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda namely, the material presented will be less because the learning time is short, the teacher will have difficulty giving individual grades, and the class atmosphere will be noisy due to discussions.

Mathematics is a universal science that underlies the development of modern technology, plays an important role in various scientific disciplines, and human thinking abilities. The view that mathematics is a science that trains thinking. The Creative Problem Solving learning model is a learning model that focuses on teaching and Problem Solving skills. Digital teaching materials are use digital devices, such as computers, smartphones. The aim of this research is to see the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the e-module being developed. This teaching material development model uses the ADDIE model. This research was carried out at SMP Negeri 21 Medan which is located on Jl. Rampe Raya flower. The time for the panel research is the even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The subjects of this research were class VII students at SMP Negeri 21 Medan. Meanwhile, the object of this research is learning media in the form of e-modules using flipbooks based on Creative Problem Solving. The e-module was declared very valid with a score of 3.56 and was categorized as very feasible. The e-module was declared practical with a percentage of 92.67% and was categorized as very practical. The e-module was declared effective by achieving Problem Solving indicators in indicators 1, 2, 3 and 4 with 65% of students completing the learning. The achievement of classical student indicators has met 65% of students who took part in learning with a score of 75. And there was a significant increase in indicators 1, 2, 3, and 4.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo on the material of the area of ​​square and rectangular flat shapes. This study used a quantitative type of quasi-experimental design. The population in this study were all students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo and SD Negeri 1 Kalikebo. The sample in this study was fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo and SD 1 Negeri Kalikebo. The research instrument was first tested for validity and homogeneity. The results of this study indicate an effect of the Problem Based Learning learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo. Proven by the paired sample t-test hypothesis test obtained a t-count value of 7.311> t-table 2.010 (t-count is greater than t-table) meaning that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, it can be concluded that the use of the problem based learning model has an effect on the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo.

This research is classroom action research, this research was conducted in class X6 of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. Based on the researcher's initial observations at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar, several problems were found that affected student learning outcomes, especially physical fitness material. As an alternative to solving existing problems, researchers provide a solution in the form of putting into practice a cooperative learning model of the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) type with the aim of improving the physical fitness results of class X6 students. This investigation is classroom action research, this investigation was carried out in class X6 of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. A population of 45 people was used, and the entirety was used as a sample. The cycle in this research was carried out until it reached completion in accordance with the KKTP that had been determined at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar, namely 75. After implementing the STAD type cooperative learning model, the average final score of students increased beyond the KKTP that had been determined.  It can be concluded that the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model can improve physical fitness learning outcomes in class X6 students at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar.

conducted research at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Agam which was motivated by the implementation of the Teileren Method (partial method) which was not yet appropriate or optimal carried out by the teacher. This research aims to describe the application of the Teileren Method (part method) to the Learning of Al-Qur'an Hadith in Class XI MAN 2 AGAM. This problem is researched using descriptive qualitative research methods which are aimed at describing and analyzing the phenomenon of events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, thoughts of people individually and in groups using the type of case study research. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The key informants in this research were Al-Qur'an Hadith teachers and class XI students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Agam. To analyze the data, researchers grouped it based on existing problems. Based on the findings of research conducted by the author, the results show that: the application of the Teileren Method (part method) in learning Al-Qur'an Hadith in class XI is not completely satisfactory and has shortcomings. There are four steps in the Teileren Method (part method) in learning Al-Qur'an Hadith in class . The advantages of the teileran method in learning Al-Quran Hadith itself are that it makes it easier for students to memorize long material and memorizing does not take a long time. The disadvantages and obstacles of the teileran method itself are that it is time consuming and overwhelming when the material has been combined.    

This research discusses the importance of building an entrepreneurial spirit among teenagers, especially by utilizing Rumah Honai creations as an innovative means. Entrepreneurship is seen as a key skill for the younger generation in facing future challenges and contributing to economic growth. Asset-Based Community Development Method (ABCD) is used to identify and utilize community potential and assets in developing empowerment programs. The discussion focuses on two main aspects: building an entrepreneurial spirit and combining innovation, culture and entrepreneurship through Rumah Honai. The development of an entrepreneurial spirit is emphasized as a continuous process that requires commitment, continuous learning and the ability to adapt. The Honai House, as a symbol of Papuan cultural heritage, was introduced as a creative tool to instill entrepreneurial values ​​such as creativity, risk taking and problem solving. This research shows that involving teenagers in the creation of Honai Houses can develop practical business skills, increase cultural awareness, and promote social responsibility. This approach not only builds a strong entrepreneurial foundation but also promotes cultural heritage preservation and sustainable social development. In conclusion, the integration of entrepreneurship with cultural elements such as Rumah Honai offers a holistic approach in preparing the younger generation to face future challenges, while maintaining their cultural identity.

This research aims to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities by using a learning model Think Aloud Pair Problem Solving (TAPPS) with the help of animated videos. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Sumbul involving 36 class X-G students as research subjects. The type of research used is classroom action research (PTK) with steps, namely, providing an initial test to measure students' mathematical problem solving abilities before taking action, identifying problems in the classroom, planning action, implementing action, namely applying the TAPPS learning model (Think Aloud Pair Problem Solving) With the help of animated videos as a medium for conveying summaries of learning material, observation, giving post tests, data analysis and data reflection.  The research was carried out in 2 cycles where each cycle included two meetings, while observation activities were carried out simultaneously with the implementation of actions with the aim of observing the activities of researchers and students during learning activities. The research results showed that after the first cycle of research was carried out, the average student score from the pretest results to the first cycle posttest results increased from 52.56 to 72.94 with the average observation of student and researcher activities being 2.38 and 2.38. In the second cycle, students' mathematical problem solving abilities increased based on the average student score on posttest II, namely 84.62, the results of observations in the second cycle also improved better to 3.23 for student activities and 3.44 for researchers' ability to manage class, apart from that 34 out of 36 students (94%) obtained scores above the KKM (70). These results show that students' mathematical problem solving abilities increased after implementing the TAPPS learning model (Think Aloud Pair Problem Solving) Assisted by animated videos.

A muslim revert must be given guidance to learn more about his religion, as well as basic Islamic education to increase faith. This situation makes muslim revert need Islamic religious education learning media to accommodate the strong desire to learn, including basic Islamic material, worship guides, how to read the Quran, Muslim communities, guidance, etc. The purpose of this research is to design an Islamic learning application for muslim revert using the Five Planes method that produces good usability testing. This research will discuss the creation of a religious learning application interface design using the Five Planes method which focuses on human interests to solve problems and create new innovations, testing in this study was carried out based on recommendations from ISO 9241-11.. The final test score after two iterations. The result is that effectiveness gets 89.23% and efficiency gets 90% for five converts, and effectiveness 89.26% and efficiency 80.65% for five counselors, for satisfaction using SUS reaches a value of 77.5, and QUIS reaches 7.88 for converts and 6.60 for counselors. The test results obtained a good or good assessment.    

This research was motivated by the still low learning outcomes in mathematics subjects on FPB (Greatest Common Factor) and KPK (Least Common Multiple), because students still find it difficult to differentiate the factors of these numbers. Based on these problems, teachers are expected to be able to provide learning media that can make it easier for students to understand the subject matter. The aim of this research is to improve student learning outcomes by using Dakota learning media (Dakon Mathematics). With the Dakota (Dakon Mathematics) learning media, it can improve mathematics learning outcomes in the cognitive aspect and involve students to actively participate in lessons, thus fostering students' interest in learning in mathematics subjects such as FPB (Greatest Common Factor) and KPK (Least Common Multiple) . So, it can be concluded that the use of Dakota learning media (Dakon Mathematics) can increase students' interest in learning in elementary schools.

This research aims to determine the characteristics of LKPD based on mathematical sentences, determine the feasibility of LKPD products, and determine students' interest in learning after implementing LKPD based on math sentence problems in chapter 11 class IV. This type of research is Development Research (Research and Development) using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model and the resulting product is a mathematical sentence-based LKPD. This research involved 22 class IV students at SD Negeri 1 Pasung. The feasibility of the LKPD is tested with validation from expert practitioners, media and materials. Data collection used in this research was interviews, observations, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The interview sheet is used to analyze the needs of educators and students before preparing the product. The results of this research concluded that the LKPD has attractive design characteristics, diverse character traits, problem presentation in the form of dialogue, problem presentation stages that are in accordance with the PBL model, presentation of material in the form of videos and games. The feasibility of this LKPD is declared appropriate and not revised, because it is in accordance with the quality indicators of the LKPD content, media, materials and illustrations. Students' interest in learning increased by 41% after using this mathematical sentence problem-based worksheet.

The aim of this research is to explore the impact of using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model on the expository writing skills of class VI students at SDN Bangbayang 2 Elementary School. This research is based on the low level of expository text writing skills of elementary school students, students tend to be less interested in practicing writing. Students consider writing activities to be a difficult task. Problems that often occur in writing activities are the inability to use punctuation, spelling, diction, sentence structure and written content, so it is certain that the results will not be in accordance with the expected competence. The research used an experimental design with a control and experimental group, the experimental group consisted of 30 students at SDN Bangbayang 2 and the control group consisted of 35 students at SDN Bangbayang 1. Data was collected through written  tests before and after the intervention. The results showed that the experimental group  experienced a significant increase in the average posttest score compared to the pretest, while the control group only showed a slight increase in the posttest and pretest. The conclusion of this research is that the integration of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL)model is effective in improving students' expository writing skills.    

Cats (Felis catus) are a type of carnivorous mammal from the Felidae family that was domesticated and has been one of the animals that has mingled with humans since time immemorial. Domestic cats are broadly divided into 2 types, namely village cats and purebred cats. Purebred cats have quite a varied number of types. Therefore, confusion often occurs in determining the type or breed of cat. Meanwhile, in practice, each race does not have the same treatment (especially in the aspect of care). In digital image processing, Machine Learning and Deep Learning are the main aspects in the process of applying technology that can overcome this problem, so research related to this problem was designed. This research was conducted to add insight for further research in a more sophisticated and effective image recognition process. In the experiments carried out in this research, the SVM, KNN, and CNN methods were tested with the Xception and EfficientNet-B1 architectures. Based on the final results obtained from this test, the CNN method with the Xception architecture is the best model. By using fine-tuning and a learning-rate of 1e-5, this method produces a micro average value of 0.974, on a cat breed image dataset of 13 classes and 7800 images. Meanwhile, the method that produces the fastest ETA Training and Testing is obtained by the KNN method, with an ETA Training time of 0.194 seconds, and an ETA Testing time of 1.782 seconds.