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  Abstract. Research shows that leadership plays an important role in improving and reforming schools and education systems in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Mustiningsih, Maisyaroh, and Ulfatin 2019). In the context of the digital industrial revolution, leaders are not only responsible for academic performance and the proper functioning of schools but are also responsible for all activities carried out by schools (Kurniawan et al. 2023). This revolution includes automation and digitalization of all aspects of the industry to create products that meet consumer needs (Lanang Putra et al. 2021). This revolution also presents challenges for tax reform, including integrating various changes caused by digitalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Mayasari and Narsa 2020). In the field of education, leadership abilities in understanding and using digital knowledge are very important to support learning activities in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Sugiarto and Dewantara 2021). The leadership qualities demonstrated by Christ are very important for pastors in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to be able to lead effectively and overcome challenges (Eppang 2022). The fourth industrial revolution offers opportunities to increase savings and reduce consumption through the development of e-commerce and the digital economy (Suwardana 2018). In addition, this Revolution has also changed job design, job structure, and required skills, thereby increasing the demand for people with different skills (David 2021). Finally, business orientation, digital capabilities, leadership skills, and the environment influence business decisions (Justin and Handoyo 2023).

This research aims to analyze the performance structure and identify superior industrial clusters in Indonesia. Using secondary data from various sources, this research adopts a quantitative and qualitative approach to evaluate industrial performance based on key economic indicators such as production growth, productivity and contribution to GDP. Cluster analysis techniques are used to group industries that show superior performance. The analysis results show that several industrial clusters, such as high-tech manufacturing and financial services, perform much better than other sectors. These findings provide important insights for policy makers and industry players in formulating more effective and sustainable economic development strategies.  

Background: The rapid growth of warehouse automation and autonomous mobile robots has increased the need for adaptive navigation systems capable of operating safely and efficiently in dynamic industrial environments. Classical path planning algorithms such as A* and RRT perform well in structured settings but exhibit limitations when handling moving obstacles and environmental uncertainty. Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate a reinforcement learning based navigation framework integrated with sensor fusion to improve path efficiency, collision avoidance, and robustness in dynamic warehouse scenarios. Method: An experimental research design was implemented combining high-fidelity simulation and real-world warehouse prototype testing. Deep Q-Network and Proximal Policy Optimization models were developed and trained using multi-sensor inputs from LiDAR, camera, and inertial measurement units. Performance was evaluated using path efficiency, collision rate, computational cost, and robustness metrics, with benchmarking against classical algorithms. Results: The results demonstrate that the Proximal Policy Optimization model achieved the highest path efficiency and lowest collision rate while maintaining stable computational performance under dynamic conditions. Reinforcement learning models significantly outperformed classical planners in adaptability and robustness, confirming their suitability for scalable industrial warehouse automation.

  The effectiveness and  efficiency of the production administration at  MSMEs MAMIN Pakis process needs to be supported by competent human resources.  The reason for the dedication is because the production administration system is not yet perfect. The aim is to provide practical knowledge of strategy and application of performance evaluation in a continuous improvement manner. Targets of a continuous structured work evaluation system and employee motivation in improving performance. The training process carried out, namely manual data collection, structured recording of integrated production application program input for each department, provides important insight and becomes the basis for progress so that the discipline of manual data input and programs becomes an error controller.  Activities processed from analysis of errors in inputting service release materials increase success and insight into production administration performance in a sustaainable manner.

Strategic Planning in organizations is the structured process of setting long-term goals and choosing the best strategies to achieve them, with the aim of improving organizational performance. Strategic planning is important because it covers various aspects in the long term, provides a basic framework for the organization's activities, and allows the achievement of desired performance.. The purpose of this study describes the role of strategic planning in improving organizational performance by using literature studies as a method of collecting data with libraries, reading and recording and processing research materials. Data collection techniques involve gathering information from written or printed sources, such as books, journals, articles, reports, and other documents. The results of this study concluded that strategic planning is identified as a comprehensive long-term plan, strategic planning is not just a static document, but an active guide in carrying out activities in accordance with organizational functions. Strategic planning is seen as an orderly and continuous process. This process includes anticipatory knowledge-based decision making, organizing activities to implement decisions, and measuring results through systematic feedback. For the purpose of strategic planning, which is the main element in building organizational performance, providing comprehensive guidance to achieve the vision, mission and goals of the organization.

The type of research used in this research is survey research, with a quantitative approach, a questionnaire as a data collection tool containing structured statements given to respondents. The number of samples determined in this study was 52 people using the Slovin formula. The data analysis used is Correlation and Simple Linear Regression analysis. From the analysis carried out it is obtained that rxy=0.969 states that the correlation between variable X (Supervision) and Variable Y (Employee Performance) can be interpreted as a very strong correlation and the contribution of variable X to variable Y is 94 %. The results of the regression test obtained a value of a = 2.455 and a value of b = 0.943, so this was substituted into the linear regression formula: Ŷ = 2.455 + 0.943 ) Employee Performance is 2,455. The regression coefficient (B) = 0.943 states that for every additional value of the variable (X) Supervision, it is predicted that the value of the variable (Y) Employee Performance will increase by 0.943.

This study aims to explore the role of Information Management Technology (TMI) in expediting the filing of office letters at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The main focus of this research is to analyse the impact of TMI implementation on efficiency, information disclosure, and service quality improvement in letter filing. The research methods used include centralised interviews with teachers and TU staff as respondents, analysis of system usage data, and business process modelling. The results show that the implementation of TMI has contributed significantly in improving the efficiency of office letter filing at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The integrated database system allows the storage and management of letters to be more structured and easily accessible. In addition, TMI also enables higher information disclosure and improved quality of school administration services. The integration of TMI not only provides internal benefits to the office in records management, but also contributes to the improvement of the office's image and reputation in service to stakeholders. By continuing to maintain and develop the existing TMI system, it is expected that SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai can continue to improve its performance and services to achieve better standards in the future.

Learning strategies are a series of instructional actions that teachers must carry out in order for learning objectives to be achieved efficiently. The learning strategies used in the choir extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon include direct learning strategies, indirect learning strategies, and inquiry-based learning strategies, utilizing demonstration, imitation, and drill methods.This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The object of the research is the learning strategies employed in choir extracurricular activities, with the research subjects being the extracurricular teacher and students. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. Data validation is carried out using source triangulation and technique triangulation. Data analysis is conducted through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the study show that the implementation of learning strategies in the choir extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon uses demonstration, imitation, and drill methods in a structured and effective manner. These methods are combined with direct, indirect, and inquiry-based learning strategies to enhance students' vocal skills and creativity. The impact of implementing these strategies is an improvement in singing ability, the development of self-confidence, creativity, and independence, as well as increased student motivation to actively participate in choir activities. The teacher acts as a facilitator who creates a space for independent and collaborative learning, making the learning process more enjoyable. This activity not only develops musical skills but also builds students' confidence and professionalism in various performance opportunities. With regular practice schedules and relevant song material, this extracurricular activity makes a positive contribution to the development of students' talents and character at school.

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the period of 2022-2023 using financial ratios. The method used is the analysis of liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios towards the company's financial statements. The results show that in terms of liquidity, the company's ability to meet short-term obligations is still poor and tends to deteriorate. Meanwhile, the company's leverage level is quite high, exceeding industry standards. However, in terms of profitability, the performance of PT Unilever Indonesia is quite encouraging with profit margin, return on investment, and return on equity ratios above industry standards. Overall, despite its high profitability, the company needs to improve its liquidity and capital structure to maintain long-term business continuity.

Career management is a crucial process for both individuals and organizations. For individuals, it facilitates the achievement of career goals and enhances job satisfaction. For organizations, it aids in attracting, developing, and retaining qualified employees. This study delves into the factors influencing career management, encompassing individual factors (abilities, skills, interests, values, and personality), organizational factors (organizational culture, structure, career opportunities, and career policies), and environmental factors (economic, socio-political, and technological conditions). The findings demonstrate that effective career management can enhance employee career effectiveness, job satisfaction, and organizational performance. The study also provides recommendations for improving career management, including regular career assessments, career development program development, information and training, a supportive organizational culture, and encouraging employees to proactively manage their careers. Further research is warranted to develop more effective and contextual career management models and investigate the impact of career management on other factors such as organizational commitment, employee turnover, and gender equality in the workplace.    

Performance management plays a crucial role in enhancing employee productivity and motivation in the workplace. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design to investigate the implementation of performance management and its impact on employee productivity and motivation in two different organizations. Organization A, a manufacturing company, implements performance management with a structured and measurable approach, while Organization B, a financial services company, adopts a more development-oriented approach. The findings reveal that both organizations successfully enhance employee productivity and motivation through effective performance management implementation. Factors such as clear goal setting, open feedback, and employee development are key to achieving positive outcomes. These findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of performance management in improving employee performance and motivation in the workplace.

Computer networks are an important part of modern life, enabling the efficient exchange of information and resources between devices. One type of network topology that is commonly used is a bus topology. The bus topology has a simple structure and is easy to implement, making it an attractive choice for a variety of applications. The main finding of this research is that the bus topology has several advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of bus topology include low cost, ease of installation, and scalability. Disadvantages of bus topology include limited performance, low reliability, and the potential for data collisions.

The implementation of Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation Number 1 of 2020 regarding Guidelines for Job Analysis and Workload Analysis has been carried out. In Indonesia, workload analysis is important for determining the number of employees needed by the Surabaya Education Office so that the organizational structure can be efficient in carrying out its tasks. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Workload Analysis Application (ABK) on employee performance at the Surabaya Education Office. The research method used is descriptive qualitative using documentation, observation, and interviews. The ABK application is used to determine the needs of employees at the Surabaya Education Office. Data were collected through documentation, observation, and interviews. The results show that the procedure for using the Workload Analysis Application is in accordance with the guidelines set forth in the Ministerial Regulation. Human resources and infrastructure are quite good because socialization has been conducted to employees. Although the implementation is going well, there are still obstacles related to understanding the ABK filling format by some human resources and the need for additional computer facilities and improvements to an unstable network.

A website-based application system that is one of the Internet media that is often used to do various things by providing services ease, speed especially in the recording process. The Polytechnic of Navigation Sciences (PIP) Semarang, previously still used manual methods in the process of guiding the Final Tasks (scripts) of its tarun. Given the current advances in information technology, the manual can be improved to anticipate problems in the guidance process, for example, the missing or missing guidance records can be minimized by using an application system. For this, it is necessary to build an e-logbook application system that can input data from a manual system to a website-based application system aimed at managing data and storing data as well as building a system which can facilitate the performance of the lecturer and the study program performance at the Polytechnic of Shipping Science (PIP) Semarang. The objective of this research is to develop a website based application system such as e-logbook to make the process of recording the final guidance activities of the cadets easier. This research uses the type of qualitative data with data collection in the form of interviews with tutoring lecturers and cadets in PIP Semarang, observation and literature studies. The utilities used in the development of this system are PHP and MySQL. The research resulted in an e-logbook system that is easily accessible to various stakeholders in the Semarang Polytechnic of Shipping Sciences (PIP) environment that includes structured recording, storage, and reporting.

An accounting system that includes the organization of forms, records and reports that are focused in such a way as to provide information related to finance that is really needed by management to make it easier for company managers. A well-structured accounting system will also provide good meaning for management in managing its business. Every company has several accounting systems that are interrelated and work together to achieve certain goals. Inventory is arranged in staggered form (list/table), while the balance sheet is presented using accounts. Inventory is the basis for compiling balance sheets and annual financial reports. Aruna Cosmetics is engaged in trading various kinds of cosmetics, carrying out simple inventory records using a calculator and transferring them into books, which results in inefficient performance. When prices rise, the FIFO method causes too little effort and tends to overvalue inventory assets compared to direct individual valuation. However, if the actual movement of capital occurs on the basis of the FIFO principle, then the assessment of this method corresponds to a direct individual assessment. The formation of hidden reserves when prices rise is not possible with the FIFO method. An increase in profits due to an increase in the price of inventory is called inventory profit or illusory profit.

This activity discusses the importance of training in implementing data management information systems to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of human resource (HR) management in the context of social welfare. Data management information systems provide a structured framework for managing HR data, enabling organizations to make better and faster decisions. However, the successful implementation of this system depends on HR's understanding and skills regarding its use. Therefore, this activity proposes a comprehensive training program for HR that focuses on the use of data management information systems. Effective training methods include practical learning, case simulations, and interactive sessions to ensure in-depth understanding and practical application of the material studied. Through this approach, it is hoped that organizations can improve the performance of their human resources in managing social welfare data, which will ultimately have a positive impact on operational efficiency and effectiveness as well as the resulting social impact.

This qualitative study aims to investigate cross-cultural management practices within global organizations. The research seeks to understand the dynamics of cultural diversity in management and its impact on organizational effectiveness. Employing a qualitative research model, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with managers and employees from diverse cultural backgrounds within multinational corporations. Sampling techniques involved purposive sampling to ensure representation across cultures. Data analysis utilized thematic analysis, identifying patterns and themes within the interviews. The study found that effective cross-cultural management involves embracing diversity, fostering intercultural communication, and implementing flexible strategies tailored to specific cultural contexts. These findings underscore the importance of cultural sensitivity and adaptability in enhancing organizational performance and fostering a harmonious work environment in global settings.

This qualitative study delves into the crucial role of trust in the management of virtual teams. The research aims to investigate how trust influences the dynamics of virtual team functioning. Employing a qualitative approach, this study utilizes semi-structured interviews with virtual team managers and members to gather rich insights into their experiences and perspectives. Data analysis involves thematic analysis, identifying recurring patterns and themes related to trust in virtual team environments. The findings underscore the significance of trust in fostering effective communication, collaboration, and performance within virtual teams. Moreover, the study illuminates the nuances of trust-building strategies and challenges faced in virtual team settings. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities of managing virtual teams and offers valuable insights for practitioners and scholars alike.

This research investigates the impact of corporate governance practices on the financial performance of banks. By analyzing data from various banking institutions, the study reveals that effective governance mechanisms, such as board diversity and regulatory compliance, positively influence profitability and risk management. The results provide insights into how banks can enhance their performance through improved governance structures.

This study explores the impact of peer-mentoring programs on vocational high school (SMK) students, focusing on academic resilience, dropout rates, and overall academic performance. The research compares the outcomes of students in schools with and without peer-mentoring programs. The findings indicate that students participating in peer mentoring exhibited significantly lower dropout rates (12%) compared to those in the control group (22%). Additionally, the continuation rate for students in the experimental group was higher (88%) than in the control group (78%). Academic performance was also positively affected, with an average score of 75 for the experimental group, compared to 65 for the control group. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these differences, highlighting the positive effects of peer-mentoring programs. The study suggests that peer mentoring not only enhances academic performance but also contributes to improved student retention by providing emotional and social support. The results underscore the importance of well-structured mentoring programs, including effective mentor training and proper matching between mentors and mentees, to maximize the benefits for vocational students.