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PT PLN (Persero) is a State-Owned Enterprise that provides electricity services to the community. There is an Energy Transaction Section, especially the Loss Control subsection, in this field the main task is to minimize the level of losses that occur at PLN. Large losses can cause large losses to the company. Loss is the loss of electrical energy caused by several factors. Loss is divided into technical losses and non-technical losses. Currently, non-technical losses often occur and contribute quite a large number to PLN's loss data. This loss often occurs due to the actions of several PLN customers themselves who commit violations when using electricity in various ways. There are many types of violations committed by customers when found in the field, one of which is playing with the components on the kWh meter so that this can cause the kWh meter not to calculate energy usage properly and correctly. Of course, this cannot be ignored by the company, therefore at PT. PLN there are also Electricity Usage Control officers. P2TL officers are officers who regulate the use of electricity and ensure that all electricity used is calculated correctly on the kWh meter.

This study examines the payment practices for haircut services at the Ma’had Al-Zaytun Barbershop through the lens of al-maslahah theory. Employing a qualitative field‐research design, data were collected via observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis. Findings reveal a centralized payment system handled at the Al-Zaytun Store, accommodating both cash and cashless transactions. Cashless payments are processed by deducting students’ savings or via mobile banking for the general clientele. Classified as ḥājiyyah maslahah, this system facilitates financial record-keeping and offers flexible payment options. It also attains the ḍarūriyyah level by preventing losses and safeguarding the barbershop’s assets. The provision of receipts and precise financial reporting embodies the principles of justice, clarity, honesty, and social welfare. Nevertheless, the absence of a written policy on receipt validity may generate misunderstandings and weaken these principles. Overall, the payment practice aligns with the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, particularly the protection of wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl).

This study explores the thoughts of Zaid bin Ali on credit transactions within the framework of economic justice in Islam. The research addresses key issues related to fairness, transparency, and ethical considerations in credit transactions, particularly in avoiding exploitation and ensuring mutual benefit. The study aims to analyze Zaid bin Ali’s perspectives on economic justice and their relevance to contemporary Islamic finance. Using a qualitative approach, this research employs library research methods by examining classical Islamic texts and scholarly interpretations. The findings reveal that Zaid bin Ali emphasized fairness in credit transactions by advocating for clear contractual terms, the prohibition of usury (riba), and the importance of ethical responsibility among transacting parties. His views align with the broader Islamic economic principles that seek to promote justice, balance, and social welfare. The study contributes to the discourse on Islamic economic thought by highlighting the relevance of classical Islamic perspectives in addressing modern financial issues. These findings can serve as a foundation for developing fairer and more ethical financial practices in contemporary Islamic banking and finance.

There are several developments in the practice of pawn gates, on the condition that pawn gates can also be done for the educational needs of nephews or business capital. Developments in the use of transaction tools can now use money. Pagang gadai is known to have no redemption period, and the Wali Nagari Parik Panjang does not want to sign the pawn letter because it is against positive law in Indonesia. There is no legal protection for the implementation of the practice of pawning in the Minangkabau customary law community. This is because land pawning is carried out without registration. The settlement of the problem of pawn disputes in Nagari Parik Panjang, Matur District, Agam Regency using the principle of bajanjang naiak, batanggo turun means that it is resolved from the lowest level, namely deliberation and consensus, then the Nagari Customary Density, to the highest level, namely the court level.

Islam, as a perfect religion, teaches the values of honesty, justice, and transparency in various aspects of life, including economics and business. The prohibition of Tadlis (fraud in transactions), Ihtikar (hoarding goods for unfair profit), and Ghulul (corruption or betrayal of public trust) has been emphasized by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to protect society from harmful economic practices. This study aims to analyze the 2025 Pertamina corruption case from the perspective of Islamic prohibitions against Tadlis, Ihtikar, and Ghulul. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, relying on secondary data from scholarly journals, news articles, and other relevant literature. The findings reveal that the corruption case reflects Tadlis through the manipulation of fuel quality information, Ihtikar through unfair price control, and Ghulul through the misappropriation of public funds, resulting in state losses amounting to trillions of rupiah and eroding public trust in the government. The study highlights that corruption is not only a violation of state law but also a moral crime that contradicts Islamic principles. The application of Islamic legal values, such as Ta’zir sanctions in the form of fines, asset confiscation, and severe punishments, can serve as preventive and repressive measures against corruption. Thus, this study aims to contribute to strengthening anti-corruption policies based on Islamic ethics while promoting transparency and justice in national economic governance.

Al Ghazali and a series of ideas related to Islamic economics discuss usury in terms of achieving an integrated community economy, as well as an analysis of the Kredivo application in that context. Al Ghazali argues that usury is contrary to the function of money as a medium of exchange and a measure of value, therefore causing suffering and accumulating wealth in only a few people. He classifies two types of usury: usury an nasi'ah and usury al-faḍl, both of which are prohibited in transactions between similar goods. Lending money with interest in the context of the Kredivo application certainly violates Islamic law as the first reason, and is also related to the point that usury is contrary to the economic principles stated by Al Ghazali. Al Ghazali shows the sharia attitude that opposes arbitrary control and management of assets by emphasizing awareness of justice. Therefore, through the analyses above, it becomes clear why Kredivo is easily labeled as haram because it has the potential to harm many people, many people who are certainly not supported by welfare.

This study aims to analyze the level of students' understanding of trading activities from an Islamic perspective. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to 107 students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at the Indonesian Education University. The results of the study indicate that the level of respondent achievement (TCR) is in the high category in terms of understanding the definition of trading (84.35%), the principles of transparency and fairness in transactions (88.32%), and the obligation of zakat on investment results (81.07%). However, in terms of risk management (52.57%) and decision making influenced by emotions (57.71%), students' understanding is still in the moderate category. These findings indicate an imbalance in understanding the main aspects of sharia trading activities. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of increasing sharia financial literacy through comprehensive educational programs and curricula in order to form investment behavior that is not only rational but also in accordance with ethical and just Islamic principles.

This study explores the legal responsibilities of notaries in reporting suspicious financial transactions as part of implementing the Know Your Customer (KYC) Principle. As public officials, notaries are bound by confidentiality obligations; however, in the context of anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing efforts, they are also required to report suspicious activities. The research applies a normative juridical approach using qualitative methods that focus on legal document analysis. The findings indicate that the notary's reporting obligation does not violate the confidentiality principle, as it is protected by law through both preventive and repressive legal safeguards. Proper implementation of the KYC Principle and due diligence allows notaries to actively contribute to financial integrity while minimizing their legal risk.

This research discusses the legal protection for children involved in drug abuse as transaction intermediaries. The main focus of this research is the application of rehabilitation in the juvenile criminal justice system, emphasizing the importance of recovery rather than punishment. This research utilizes the normative literature method and approaches legislation, cases, and conceptual. The decision was analyzed to determine the form of legal protection that can be given to children with drug abuse cases. The findings indicate that Law No. 11/2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System emphasizes that children must receive protection from the investigation stage until the legal process takes place. However, in practice, judges still often impose prison sentences without considering aspects of social and medical rehabilitation. This research recommends that the justice system prioritize rehabilitation to ensure optimal recovery and social reintegration of children, which is in line with child protection theory and restorative justice theory. Keywords: Legal Protection, Children, Rehabilitation  

With the times, cash transactions that used to use cash are now turning to credit cards. However, the increasing use of credit cards presents challenges, especially in maintaining customer loyalty. Customer churn is the loss of customers within a certain period for various reasons. Logistic Regression is a machine learning algorithm that studies the relationship between a dependent variable and several independent variables and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is a Gradient tree-boosting algorithm that offers out-of-core learning and sparsity awareness.The purpose of this study is to compare the performance between Logistic Regression and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms in predicting customer churn in credit card services using evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that XGBoost has better performance in all evaluation metrics, both in terms of precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy. Based on the research, XGBoost shows superior performance compared to Logistic Regression in all evaluation metrics.

This research is motivated by the problem of communication in economic transactions in the Aru Islands District, which is recruited by a multi-ethnic community with a variety of regional languages. Although Indonesian has great potential as a national communication tool, its use in local economic activities is still limited, thus hampering the smooth interaction between traders and buyers. This communication inefficiency has an impact on the negotiation process and local economic competitiveness. This study aims to instill the role of Indonesian in facilitating economic transactions, identify barriers to use, and develop strategies to improve Indonesian language skills in the community. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies, with informants selected using purposive sampling techniques to obtain data relevant to the local economic context. Expected results include an understanding of the contribution of Indonesian in increasing the effectiveness of transactions, revealing communication challenges, and strategies for improving contextual and applicable language literacy. These findings can provide practical contributions to local governments, educational institutions, and business actors in developing language training programs that support economic activities. From a theoretical perspective, this research enriches the study of the relationship between language and economic development, especially in multilingual areas such as the Aru Islands.

CV Jambi Permata is located at Jln. Kapten Pattimura No.116, Kenali Besar, Kec. Kota Baru, Jambi City, is a public service facility engaged in travel services. Based on a survey conducted by the author, directly to the location of CV. Jambi Permata. The author finds obstacles caused by the current business process, namely making it difficult for prospective passengers when they have to go directly to the location to find out the availability of travel ticket stock, so that when the ticket runs out, prospective passengers are forced to look for another travel service. Prospective customers must come more than once to the administration to find out the departure schedule, just to adjust the passenger's planned departure schedule. Making it difficult for administration to find customer data and customer departure schedules through books, where the data is already very large. Making it difficult for administration admins to recap data to be made into reports, because they have to check the entire history of previous transactions. then the solution the author offers is able to improve administrative performance in managing reservation data and make it easier for prospective passengers to place orders. The travel ticket booking information system that will be proposed presents more accurate, timely and relevant information. So that with this information, the leadership of CV. Jambi Permata can predict conditions or needs in the future better and can make decisions and can take the best actions for the progress of the business being run.

The development of digital technology, particularly deepfake, has brought negative impacts, including the protection against non-consensual pornography content. Deepfake, which uses artificial intelligence to manipulate images, videos, or audio, allows the creation of pornography without the consent of the individual whose face or identity is manipulated. This phenomenon results in violations of privacy, honor, and the psychological well-being of the victims, while also spreading false information that can damage public perception. Although Indonesia has regulations such as Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and Law No. 44 of 2008 on Pornography, there are no specific provisions regulating the use of deepfake technology. This article identifies deficiencies in existing regulations and provides recommendations for adaptive legal measures, including legislative updates, strengthening digital platform responsibilities, enhancing law enforcement capacity, and international cooperation to address this threat. It is hoped that with these measures, protection for individuals in the digital era can be strengthened.

A signature is a signature that represents a symbol as a result of a statement or a statement, a product whose development has been very rapid, and has become increasingly popular, an information technology and electronics company which is increasingly popular. With that, the Ellektronilk transaction was born and the use of ElleKtronilk's signature process as an aspect human error. So from iltul pelrlul pelnyelsulailan dulnila dilgiltal telrkailt konselp cybelr notary in ellelktronilk transactions. Ilnil research examines the effectiveness of ellelktronilk's signature in the notary cybelr concept meldnulrult prelsfelktilf pelrmeln komilnfo number 11 of 2022 and implements the research meltodel yulrildils normilvel yailtul sulatul development towards hulkulm problems from the perspective of the US implementation of legal regulations that are valid, article 15 paragraph (3) UlUlJN which regulates that notaries There are also other laxities that are regulated in the regulation of regulations. One of them is the ability to sell transactional financial assets carried out through e-Notary (el-Notary) which ultimately results in deeds of ilkrar, waqf and airplane mortgages. Telrbult legal regulations can be taken from UlUl ILTEl as a legal stand to support the implementation of el-Notary in carrying out electronic transactions. The ability to complete an Otelnilk deed as well as to sign it personally as a legal agreement between Common Law and Civil Law Notaries, between Cybelr Notary and Ellelktronilk Notary. The three things that have been developed have resulted in a formalized renewal strategy produced in a complete, reliable, reliable and safe system through a collaborative strategy developed by several companies or companies using the company's technology team. telmul, selkalilguls' harmony and practice in carrying out the position of notary in Ilndonelsila. The resulting conclusion is that Ellektronilk's signature strength in the notary cybelr concept in the Pelrmeln Komilnfo prelsfelktilf number 11 of 2022, still has no strong legal strength.

Hidden defects are defects in goods that cannot be directly known by the buyer at the time of the transaction. In the Civil Code, hidden defects are regulated in Article 1491 of the Civil Code and Article 7, paragraph (2) of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. This study aims to analyze the seller’s liability for goods containing hidden defects using a normative approach. The findings indicate that the seller's liability for hidden defects is strict (strict liability), obligating the seller to provide compensation to the buyer who suffers a loss. A harmed consumer is entitled to claim compensation in the form of returns, replacements, or reimbursements. Legal protection is essential to create a balance of rights and obligations within the legal relationship between consumers and business actors. Enforcing seller liability also promotes compliance with quality standards and increases consumer awareness of their rights. Therefore, the existing regulations play a significant role in ensuring justice and guaranteeing consumer safety in sales transactions.

In maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era, it is very important to remember that personal data can be used by unauthorized parties for various purposes. This is like the notary profession which is now required to be able to maintain the security of each client's data. Notaries can participate in recording important digital documents, such as deeds and contracts, which can help prevent manipulation. Due to the problems that occur, of course the role of the notary in maintaining data security must be considered, especially in transactions and legal documents. Even though the digital world has changed the way many transactions are carried out, the role of notaries still plays an important role in ensuring the validity, integrity and security of digital documents. Notaries can witness and certify contracts and digital legal documents, making them legally valid. The aim of this research is to explain and analyze the role of notaries in maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era. The approach used in this research is a juridical-empirical approach. The results of this research are that the role of notaries in maintaining data security in the digital era has an important role in validating digital signatures. By verifying identity and ensuring that digital signatures are valid, notaries help ensure security in digital transactions. In addition, notaries can also provide digital certificates that confirm the validity of digital signatures and electronic documents. This certificate is a strong proof of authentication. This is proof that the Notary ensures that digital transactions comply with applicable laws, including data privacy regulations and cyber security regulations. This helps keep data secure.

This study aims to examine the role of leaders in group counseling dynamics through a literature review approach. In group guidance practices, leaders serve not only as technical facilitators but also as catalysts who shape healthy and productive interaction structures. The literature review reveals that leadership effectiveness is strongly influenced by interpersonal competence, the guidance strategies employed, and sensitivity to the diverse backgrounds of group members. Techniques such as sociodrama and reflection, along with approaches like Gestalt, Transactional Analysis, and Solution-Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC), have been proven to significantly enhance group dynamics. Additionally, ongoing training is a strategic measure to strengthen leaders’ capacity in managing groups effectively. Therefore, adaptive, empathetic, and reflective leaders play a crucial role in fostering a supportive and transformative group climate.

The rapid development of digital technology has encouraged the emergence of crypto assets as a new investment instrument in Indonesia. Along with the increasing popularity of digital assets, the government responded by imposing tax policies in the form of Value Added Tax (VAT) and Income Tax (PPh) on every crypto transaction. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the tax imposition with the basic principles of tax law, as well as to examine its impact on the growth of the digital asset industry in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach sourced from regulations, scientific journals, official reports, and international comparative studies. The results of the study show that the imposition of VAT on crypto transactions is not fully in line with the principles of fairness, legal certainty, and efficiency in taxation. In addition, the disproportionately high tax burden has a negative impact on investor interest, encourages offshore transactions, and slows down innovation in the domestic blockchain industry. Therefore, policy reformulation is needed, such as the application of capital gains tax and the provision of fiscal incentives, so that tax regulations can support the sustainable growth of the national digital economy.

The current research aims to identify the role of digital transformation across its dimensions (technology, digitization of operations, databases, human resources) in promoting digital entrepreneurship in its dimensions (digital information base, digital business environment, digital skills and e-leadership, financing) among a sample of employees in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region. The research problem emerged regarding the ability of the private banks under study to use digital transformation and digital entrepreneurship. This problem lies in the lack of environmental stability, limited financial infrastructure, and weak human expertise. Therefore, the research problem was formulated in an important question: What is the impact of digital transformation on promoting digital entrepreneurship in Iraqi private banks? In order to determine the level of research variables, a questionnaire was adopted by distributing (136) questionnaires to employees in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region to measure the nature of the level of the research variables. To analyze the results, the statistical packages (SPSS & AMOS.V.29) were used. As a result, the research produced various results, most notably the existence of a significant correlation between digital transformation and entrepreneurship. Digital businesses contribute to encouraging innovation in developing new financial products and services that meet changing market needs. The results also showed that digital transformation helps private banks improve the efficiency of internal operations, leading to a reduction in transaction time. Furthermore, digital transformation processes can provide smoother and faster financial services, which supports customer satisfaction and loyalty.

The rapid advancement of information technology in the modern era has significantly transformed various aspects of life, including the dissemination of information and digital services. In Indonesia, this transformation is marked by the widespread use of electronic systems in daily activities, by the government, private sector, and individuals alike. However, this progress also brings new challenges, particularly concerning child protection in digital spaces. Children, as a vulnerable group, are at risk of exposure to inappropriate digital content, misuse of personal data, and online exploitation.This article aims to analyze the obligations of electronic system providers in ensuring child protection, as regulated in Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law). The study uses a normative juridical approach, analyzing applicable regulations, literature reviews, and relevant case examples.The findings indicate that Law Number 1 of 2024 strengthens the legal framework regarding the responsibilities of electronic system providers to ensure children's safety in the digital world. These responsibilities include content filtering, protection of children's personal data, and the provision of reporting and violation handling systems. This article emphasizes the importance of the active role of electronic system providers in creating a safe and child-friendly digital environment, as well as the need for government oversight and public participation in its implementation. This study is expected to serve as a reference for policy development on child protection in the digital era.