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This research aims to ensure accuracy, ease of use, and effectiveness in the learning module development process which aims to increase understanding of the content of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945). In this research, research and development (R&D) methods are used using the ADDIE development model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. In the research results, it is known that the results of expert validation of teaching materials obtained a score of 96% and validation of material experts obtained a score of 91%. In the practicality results obtained from the response questionnaire to teachers and students after using the teaching modules used, the practicality results for teachers were 94% and students were 98%. In the results of its effectiveness by giving evaluation questions to class X students, an average of 83.7 was obtained, while the KKM for class The results of this research show that the learning module that has been created meets the third evaluation standard, namely validity, ease of use, and effectiveness.

The team teaching approach in madrasah ibtidaiyah (MI) is often considered effective in improving the quality of learning, but empirical evidence on its impact on student discipline and focus is still limited in the context of basic Islamic education. This study uses a qualitative design of a case study in class II of MI Unggulan Al Muhammad Cepu. Primary data sources include participant observations, in-depth interviews with two teachers of the teaching team and six purposive students, as well as secondary data such as collaborative lesson plans and teacher reflections. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of team teaching in improving student discipline and focus on learning. The results showed that the symbiotic-asymmetrical collaboration between the Core Guides and the Response Facilitators created a pauseless instructional flow, reduced extrinsic cognitive load (time-on-task by an average of 85%), and transformed the discipline from external control to relational-proactive co-regulation that is in line with Islamic ta'dib. These findings have practical implications for MI teacher training.

This research was conducted with the aim of examining and evaluating supervision and supervision practices in the educational context at Istiqlal Delitua Private High School. The research method used was interviews with two respondents who were parties involved in the process of supervision and supervision of education at this school. The results of the interviews provide in-depth insight into the effectiveness of supervision, implementation of supervision, supporting programs, actions taken when school principals do not carry out supervision, and the impact of supervision on improving the quality of education. This research was carried out as an assignment in the Educational Administration course under the guidance of Dr. Makmur Syukri, M.Pd.

This study aims to analyze the management of village fund allocation in village development and identify factors that encourage and hinder its implementation. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, with a case study conducted in Minta Kasih Village located in Salapian District, Langkat Regency. In this study, researchers analyzed the implementation of village fund allocation and its impact on village community empowerment. The research approach includes interviews, observations and document analysis to obtain information on the use of village fund allocation. The results showed several obstacles in accountability for village fund allocation, especially related to reporting and monitoring. In addition, there are gaps in community accessibility and understanding of village fund allocation programs that have the potential to affect the effectiveness of village development. From the results of the study, it is known that the factors that support the implementation of village fund allocation in the development of Minta Kasih Village are community support in infrastructure development, education, health, and the development of micro and small enterprises in the village. However, inhibiting factors include the government's inability to optimize budget use and delays in preparing village fund allocation accountability reports (ADD).

This research aims to determine the effectiveness and obstacles of implementing the SIMMONA application in financial management at the Finance Office of FITK UIN SUMATRA UTARA. This research uses a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive research type. The data used comes from interviews with financial operators at the FITK financial office. The research results show that the implementation of the SIMMONA application in the Finance Office of FITK UIN SUMATRA UTARA has been running effectively and efficiently in assisting Finance Employees in managing the finances of the Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty of UIN SUMATRA UTARA. However, in its operation there are still obstacles that do not have a significant impact, namely the system errors while being used, which hinders the data input process and disrupts network connections. The SIMMONA application has a very important influence in the FITK Finance Office, where with this system, FITK's financial management will create optimal accountability and transparency. And the SIMMONA application can also minimize recording and calculation errors.

This study aims to see the effectiveness of the memory card matching game on increasing German vocabulary (Wortschatz) of Class XI Students of SMA YP HKBP Pematang Siantar. This research used quantitative method with experimental approach and One Group Pretest-Posttest research design. The population in this study were class XI students totaling 34 people. The sample used was 19 people, namely students of class XI IPA SMA YP HKBP Pematang Siantar. The conclusion of this study, namely the Matching Card learning media on increasing German vocabulary (Wortschatz) of XI science class students of SMA YP HKBP Pematang Siantar. This is evidenced by an increase in the average score of students at the time of the pretest of 48.68 below the KKM and at the time of the posttest to 87.00 above the KKM. Based on the results of data analysis and hypotheses tested, it is known that the Matching Card learning media is effective on students' writing skills. This is evidenced by the results of the normalized N-Gain test analysis with a score of 0.7705 or equivalent to 77%, where the score is in the effective category. Then based on the statistical hypothesis test with paired samples test, the significance value is 0.001 <0.05 in the sense that the calculated statistical results (t output number) < table statistics (t table), it is concluded that Ho is rejected and H₁ is accepted.  Thus, the Matching Card learning media has an effect in the effective category on the learning process.  

This study aims to determine the measurement of the financial performance of the Regional Government of Medan City using value for money at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Medan City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method. Data collection techniques in this study are in the form of interview techniques and documentation techniques. Based on the results of the study obtained namely, The Financial Performance of the Medan City Government as measured by the economic ratio from 2017-2021 can be said to be economical because based on the economic ratio calculated for 5 years, the overall average is 77%, which is included in the economic category because the economic ratio level is less than 100%. In terms of efficiency, from 2017-2021, the overall average is 95%, which is included in the efficient category because the efficiency ratio level is less than 100%. And in terms of effectiveness from 2017 – 2021, the overall average is 85%, which is included in the ineffective category because the effective ratio level is still below 100%.

Dyspepsia is a medical condition characterized by pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen or solar plexus. Heartburn in dyspepsia sufferers occurs because the sphincter muscles in the esophagus and stomach do not close completely, resulting in a back-flow of stomach acid into the esophagus. A behavior to reduce pain in dyspepsia patients is a warm compress. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of warm compresses on pain intensity of dyspepsia pain patients on Emergency Room of at Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado. The method in this research is a quasi experiment with one group pre-post test. With 10 peoples of samples taken by using accidental sampling. Data collection uses SOPs and observation sheets. Next, the collected was processed using the Mc-Nemar test.The results of this study showed the majority of subjekts experienced changes after applying a warm compress (90%). The results of data analysis tested using Mc-Nemar obtained a value of p=0.031 (a<0.05), meaning there was an effect of warm compresses on pain intensity in dyspepsia patients in emergency room at Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado.The conclusion, the compresses on the intensity of pain in dyspepsia patients in the Emergency Room at Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado. It is recommended for the hospitals staff and dyspepsia sufferers to apply warm compresses to help reduce pain.

Iron is a some nutrient deficiency or anemia is a frequent nutritional problem in adolescents, especially the girls. Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin level in the blood is less than normal values (12-16 g/dl). One solution to preventing iron deficiency is by administering green bean juice. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Giving green bean juice on increasing hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls at MAN Model Manado. The research was pre-experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design. The sample taken 16 Subjekts using purposive sampling. Data collection uses observation sheets. The data collected processed using SPSS 16.0. Statistical tests use the Paired Sample T-test with a significance level of ≤ 0.05. The research results obtained a p value = 0.000 (α ≤ 0.05) it means Ha was accepted  and  giving green bean juice on increasing the hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls in MAN Model Manado Effectiviness. The conclusion based on the research results there were an effect of giving green bean juice on increasing the hemoglobin levels of anemic adolescent girls in MAN Model Manado. Advice to young women to always consume green bean juice to increase hemoglobin levels.

Indonesia is ranked 3rd with the highest TB sufferers in the world after India and China. According to data from the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes 2021), there are 397,377 cases of tuberculosis (TB) throughout Indonesia. Tuberculosis is a direct infectious disease caused by TB germs (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis). Most TB germs attack the lungs but can also attack other organs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of semi-fowler positioning on breathing frequency in pulmonary TB patients in hospitals. R.W.Mongosidi This study used a cross-sectional analytical descriptive method. The sample in Ambel was based on the number of respondents as many as 14 people using one group pre-post test design. Data analysis was tested using Wilcoxon. Based on the results of Wilcoxon test analysis, it can be known that the significant value of p value = 0.001 where α = 0.05 can be concluded that there is an effect of semi-fowler positioning on respiratory frequency in pulmonary TB patients. The conclusion in this study is that there is an effect of giving semi-fowler positions on breathing frequency in pulmonary TB patients in hospitals. Robert Wolter Mongosidi. Advice for nurses to use the semi-fowler position on the effectiveness of breathing patterns can be continued or applied to pulmonary TB patients.

An increasingly intensive marketing strategy is carried out by advertising on television, including advertisements for Aqua brand Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) products. Aqua's strategy has been effective in accordance with the findings of the market research conducted. The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of the effectiveness of Aqua advertising 'existing version of Aqua'. The quantitative approach method carried out is based on positivistic research data (concrete data), namely numerical values to be measured using statistics as a calculation test tool, related to the problem under study to produce a conclusion. The population of this study was the entire audience of Aqua television commercials in Brebes County. The sample was obtained with the 10% Slovin formula of 200 respondents. The research instrument used was in the form of primary data from filling out questionnaires. The results showed that advertising creativity and humor elements had a positive effect on the effectiveness of Aqua advertisements, there was a positive influence of advertising attractiveness on the effectiveness of Aqua advertisements, the quality of advertising messages had a positive effect on advertising effectiveness and there was an influence on advertising creativity, humor elements, advertising attractiveness and quality of advertising messages simultaneously affected the effectiveness of Aqua advertisements in Brebes Regency

Corruption in Indonesia is a chronic problem that damages the social and economic structure of the country. This paper explores the history of corruption from feudal times to the modern era, highlighting corrupt practices as part of the culture of government. The government has taken serious steps by establishing anti-corruption regulations and institutions to eradicate corruption that harms society and the state. This research uses the literature study method with a focus on improving governance and increasing transparency as an effort to prevent corruption. Through qualitative analysis, this research evaluates the effectiveness of existing anti-corruption regulations and institutions, as well as understanding the impact of corruption on people's social and economic rights. The results show that the government has taken concrete steps, such as establishing the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and encouraging the use of information technology. However, the fight against corruption is faced with structural, cultural, instrumental and management barriers. Measures to improve governance and increase transparency are key to preventing corruption. Challenges include organized corruption, corrupt practices in the private sector, and non-compliance with regulations. Lack of resources is a constraint, and corruption in complex bureaucratic systems complicates case handling. Improving coordination, transparency, and public participation is needed to overcome these challenges. The government needs to continuously monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of corruption-fighting measures. Regular evaluation, public participation, and human resource capacity building are key to creating a strong and resilient system against corrupt practices. Collective awareness and cooperation between the government, anti-corruption organizations, and society are essential to build an Indonesia that is clean from corruption and just for all its people.  

This research aims to determine the validity, practicality, effectiveness and how the students' answers process in completing the conceptual understanding ability test of the developed Articulate Storyline. This type of research is ADDIE model development research. The subjects of this research were 15 students in class VIII-2. The research results showed that the validity of the media was 85% before revision and 98% after revision from material experts and 61.67% before revision and 98% after revision from media experts on very valid criteria. The practicality of the media has met practical criteria, based on teacher responses obtained at 100% and from student responses obtained at 92.36%. The effectiveness of the media has met the effective criteria in terms of classical student learning completeness reaching 86.67%, use of research time in accordance with the RPP, and student response of 91.67%. The N-Gain test result is 0.70 in the high category. For the student answer process on the ability test (pre-test) it was 38.89%, increasing to 46.67% on the final ability test (post-test). Increasing students' ability to understand mathematical concepts strengthens the development of Articulate Storyline mathematics learning media in the classroom learning process.

The aim of this research is to develop learning media using  that are valid, practical, and effective to improve students' ability to understand flat Derivative topics. The study was carried out at SMA NEGERI 10 MEDAN. The subjects of this research were students of class XI IPA-1. This research is research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE Model. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire assessment sheet for material experts, teaching material experts, learning practitioners and student responses. The results showed that learning media using Android Studio obtained an average percentage of 91.8% with the criteria of "very valid" according to the assessment of teaching materials experts and based on media material experts obtained an average percentage of 86.5% with the criteria " very valid". Based on the practice of learning carried out by the mathematics teacher getting 91,8% with the "very practical" criteria. Based on the effectiveness assessment of the 35 students, they got an average percentage of 86.5% with the criteria of "very effective". Thus, based on the results of the assessment of material experts, teaching materials experts, learning practitioners, and student effectiveness it can be said that learning media using Android Studiohave been tested as valid, practical and effective for use in learning.

In today's information and technology era, television media has a very important role in shaping opinions and influencing people's views. The existence of da'wah programs on television media is not only about increasing the number of impressions, but also how these programs can really permeate and have a positive impact on society. Therefore, the strategy of da'wah programs in television media requires special attention and in-depth study. The method in this article uses a literature study, which is a method with data collection by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to the research. From the results of the research, an attractive and quality program strategy is very important to increase the existence of da'wah programs on television media. In addition, cooperation with related parties and promotion through social media can also help increase the number of viewers. In the increasingly fierce competition of television media, da'wah programs must continue to innovate and adapt to technological developments and viewers' needs in order to remain effective in delivering da'wah messages. The effectiveness of da'wah programs on television media can be influenced by various factors. Therefore, several strategies can be used in da'wah programs on television media with a focus on how to improve the existence and effectiveness of da'wah messages.

This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) technique in enhancing reading comprehension among the eleventh-grade students at SMKN 1 Keruak during the academic year 2023-2024. A pre-experimental research design was employed, with 33 students from a single class serving as the sample. Data was collected through pre- and post-tests in the form of objective assessments, and analyzed for mean scores, standard deviation, normality, and homogeneity using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The findings revealed that the mean score for the pre-test was 14.12, which improved to 17.18 for the post-test. The two-tailed t-test resulted in t(df=32) = -15.750 with p=0.000, indicating a significant improvement. This suggests that the Collaborative Strategic Reading technique had a noteworthy impact in enhancing reading comprehension for the eleventh graders of SMKN 1 Keruak in the academic year 2023-2024.

Digitalization of MSME Marketing is a change from conventional to digital systems as an effort to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes and MSME operations and make MSME business actors change their business management, especially in the field of marketing from conventional to modern practices. MSME stands for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, which is one of the models in trading activities, usually carried out by individuals or individuals with business entities that are smaller in scope. Cikawung Village as one of the villages where some of the people, apart from farming, are also MSME players, feels the need for digital technology for business continuity and economic improvement of the village community.

Transportation of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) from the plantation to the harvest collection point (HCP) must be done as quickly as possible. This is due to an increase in free fatty acids after the FFB is harvested. Some of the obstacles found were the FFB transportation equipment which was not yet capable of reaching the fruit in the garden easily and the transportation time which was quite long due to the uneven road conditions. With technological advances and the rapid development of innovation, the discovery of track model wheelbarrows that use a driving engine means that further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of these transport machines. In this research, we will compare wheelbarrows without engines and wheelbarrows with track models, there are 3 (three) treatments given, namely on flat roads, bumpy roads and damaged roads. Researchers search for and collect data on transport capacity, transport load, transport speed and transport costs. The results of this research show that carrying capacity and road conditions have a effect on travel time and speed. This is due to the ability/power of the machine which is quite large and stable in transporting fruit. and, other results from this research show that the use of motorized wheelbarrows can reduce transportation costs because the transportation speed increases so that the travel time is shorter.

This research was motivated by the need to assess the effectiveness of lesson plans prepared by class XI biology teachers with reference to the 2013 curriculum. This evaluation aims to understand to what extent the quality of lesson plans includes the expected competencies and to what extent these lesson plans can support an effective learning process. In addition, this study also wanted to evaluate the correlation between the contents of lesson plans and student learning outcomes, with the aim of identifying the extent to which the implementation of lesson plans based on Curriculum 13 had an impact on the level of understanding and academic achievement of students. This research uses a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Aek Songsongan with the research subject being a biology teacher. Data collected by interview technique. Data analysis techniques through data collection, data reduction, data display, and data conclusions. The results showed that the lesson plans based on the 2013 Curriculum have a significant correlation with student learning outcomes in Biology subject so that an organized and structured lesson plan helps enable more focused and efficient learning and encourages the use of innovative and participatory learning methods that involve students more actively.

Azyanu Batik is an MSME engaged in the field of batik art based on local Minangkabau culture with "1000 Rumah Gadang" batik motifs which was founded by Zulmi Aryani since 2021, having its address at Muara Labuh, Solok Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province.  In this case, Azyanu Batik already has a visual identity but has not applied design principles and logo criteria to the fullest.  The purpose of this design is to redesign Azyanu Batik's visual identity by applying design principles and good logo criteria as an effort to increase brand awareness and Azyanu Batik's image.  The design method used is the 4D method, consisting of 4 stages, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate.  While the design analysis used is through SWOT analysis.  Azyanu Batik's visual identity redesign will be implemented into the main media and applicable media that can support the effectiveness of the visual identity created.