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: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the Collaborative learning model on the active learning of PAK class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive inferential. The population is all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 205 people and a sample of 41 people was determined, which is 20% of the total population. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 46 items. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of the Collaborative Learning model on the active learning of PAK class VIII students of SMP Negeri 4 Siborongborong for the 2022/2023 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by the value rxy = 0.572 > rtable(rtabel(a=0,05,n=41)= 0.05,n=41) = 0.308, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable =39)= 2.021, thus there is a significant relationship between variable b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 32.7%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fhitung > Ftabel=(a=0,05,dk pembilang k=22,dk penyebut=n-2=41-2=39) this 18,97 > 1,51. Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.  

This research aims to determine the positive and significant influence of the Discovery Learning Model on Interest in Learning Christian Religious Education in Class XI Students of SMA Negeri 1 Simanindo Samosir Regency Academic Year 2022/2023. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive inferential. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence between the Discovery Learning Model on Interest in Learning Christian Religious Education in Class the calculated r value > r table is 0.641 > 0.297, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variables significant between variables X and Y. 2) Effect test obtained: a) Regression equation test Ŷ=11.15 + 0.65X. b) Test coefficient of determination (r²) = 41%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain F count > F table namely 34.83 > 1.42. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This research aims to find out whether the use of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model can influence the active learning of Christian Religious Education and Character in class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Pangaribuan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative with a descriptive inferential approach. The population is all class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 35 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on the active learning of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for class The positive relationship test obtained a value of rxy = 0.480 > rtabel(a=0,05,n=63)=0,244. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of t = 4.271 > t table ttabel(a=0,05,dk=n-2=61)= 2,000. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="30","14"+0.37X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 23%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to determine whether there is a positive and significant influence between the Problem Solving learning method on the motivation to learn Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class X SMA Negeri 1 Simanindo students for the 2022/2023 academic year. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive inferential method. With a population of all class X SMA Negeri 1 Simanindo students of 155 people and a sample of 48 people was determined using random sampling techniques. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning method on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class (=0.05,n=48) = 0.284. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 5.320 > ttable(=0.05,dk=n-2=46)= 2.021. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Ŷ =10.96+0.61X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 38.1%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=23, dk denominator=n-2=48-2=46) namely 28.23 > 1.51. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to determine whether the Role Playing learning model can increase interest in learning about Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Lae Parira for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method is descriptive quantitative. The population is all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Lae Parira Dairi Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 171 people and a sample of 43 people was determined, namely 25% of the total population using probability sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 40 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Role Playing learning model on interest in learning Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Lae Parira for the 2023/2024 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) test a positive relationship obtained rxy value = 0.576 > rtable(a=0.05,n=43) = 0.301. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 4.513 > ttable(a=0.05,dk=n-2=41)= 2.021. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="10.65"+0.85X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 33.2%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to find out the learning outcomes of students' Christian Religious Education and Character Education which are taught using the brainstorming method are higher than those taught using the problem solving method in class VII at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is true experimental design with posttest only control type. The population is all class VII students of SMP N 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 189 people. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique of 62 people with conditions set in class VII-3 as the experimental class and class VII-4 as the control class. Data was collected with a test of 30 question items. The test data were analyzed using the separated variance t test formula according to the test analysis requirements, namely n1=n2 and the variance of the two sample groups was homogeneous. The results of hypothesis testing obtained a value of tcount = 11.13> ttable (α = 0.05; dk = n1+n2-2= 60) = ttable 1.671, so H₀ is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on the research results, it can be seen that using the brainstorming method with an average learning achievement score of 8.26 is higher than using the problem solving method with an average score of 5.09 in class VII of SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year.

The purpose of this study is to determine the positive and significant influence of the use of visual learning media on the learning motivation of Christian Education students of Class VIII SMP N 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 Learning Year. The research method used is quantitative method with descriptive statistics. The population is all grade VIII students of SMP N 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 school year who are Protestant Christians as many as 160 students and a sample of 32 people was determined using purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 50 items, namely 25 items for variable X and 25 items for variable Y. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence on the use of visual learning media on the learning motivation of Christian Education students of Class VIII SMP N 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency Learning Year 2023/2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.500 > rtabel(=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 3.165 > ttable(=0.05,dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂="44.19"+0.47X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 25%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test obtained Fcalculate > Ftable=(=0.05,dk numerator k=22,dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) which is 10.01 > 1.62. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. So with this, it is expected that schools or teachers must use and further increase the use of Learning Media in schools because the use of learning media in the learning process affects student learning motivation.

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of using learning videos on PAK learning outcomes for class V students at SD 173304 Lumban Holbung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative method, by looking at the results of the Pre-Test and Post-Test learning. The population in this study was all class V students at SD 173304 Lumban Holbung for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 30 people and a sample of 30 people was determined using non-probability sampling technique with saturated sampling type. Data collected for Variable Y were 15 pre-test and post-test questions. The research results show that the use of video as a learning media is effective on learning outcomes, as evidenced by the results of the post test with an average score of 81.2 which is much better than the pre test with an average score of 59.9 previously.

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of using learning videos on PAK learning outcomes for class V students at SD 173304 Lumban Holbung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative method, by looking at the results of the Pre-Test and Post-Test learning. The population in this study was all class V students at SD 173304 Lumban Holbung for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 30 people and a sample of 30 people was determined using non-probability sampling technique with saturated sampling type. Data collected for Variable Y were 15 pre-test and post-test questions. The research results show that the use of video as a learning media is effective on learning outcomes, as evidenced by the results of the post test with an average score of 81.2 which is much better than the pre test with an average score of 59.9 previously.

The research aims to determine the effect of using electronic media on the learning motivation of PAK class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive and significant influence between the use of electronic media on the learning motivation of PAK class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. This research is a regression research using the Quantitative Inferential Method.The population of all class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year is 190 people. Random sampling (random sampling) was 30% of the total population, namely 57 people. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire.The results of the analysis requirements obtained a value of rxy=0.678>rtabel=0.226 and tcount=6.840>ttable=2.000 indicating a relationship between the use of electronic media and students' PAK learning motivation and obtained a regression equation . Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=46.542>Ftable=1.39 so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concluded that there was a positive and significant influence between the use of electronic media on the learning motivation of PAK class IX students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year, amounting to 45.97%.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character in Class X SMA Negeri 1 Pagaran for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The population is all classes Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire totaling 36 items, of which 15 questionnaire items were for variables Christianity and Characteristics of Class Thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variables b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 24.3%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=42-2=40) namely 12.83 > 1.92. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected where F calculated is greater than F table, then there is a positive and significant influence between the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character of Class X SMA Negeri 1 Pagaran in the Learning Year 2022/2023 amounting to 24.3%.

This research aims to determine the influence of professionalism of Christian religious education teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Salak, Pakpak Bharat Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year. Hypothetically, there is a positive and significant influence between the Professionalism of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Learning Motivation of Class VIII Students at SMP Negeri 1 Salak for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research population was 152 people and the research sample was 31 people. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire of 50 items which were compiled by research based on variable indicators in accordance with expert theory. Instrument testing was carried out on 31 Class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Salak who were not research respondents whose validity and reliability had been tested. The results of data analysis show that there is no positive and significant influence between the Professionalism of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Learning Motivation of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Salak for the 2023/2024 Academic Year with a significant test of the influence obtained by tcount < ttable of 0.24 < 1.749, thus it can be concluded that H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected.  

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of using the Time Token Type Cooperative Learning Model on the Active Learning of Christian Religious Education Students in Class XI of SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita. The research method used is a quantitative method and this type of research is pre-experimental design in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population is all students at SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita Class XI who are Protestant Christians, 422 people and a sample of 33 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using an observation sheet with 15 items for variable North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.544 > rtable(α=0.05,n=33) = 0.344. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.607 > ttable(α=0.05, dk=n-2=31)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 29.6%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(α=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=33-2=31) namely 13.01 > 1.62. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

As is known, students' active learning will grow and be visible if the classroom conditions are enjoyable for them. Furthermore, the class atmosphere will be pleasant if students are active in class. Students' active learning in class can be stimulated through the use of appropriate teaching strategies by teachers. One strategy that is appropriate to use is the Discovery Learning learning strategy, which is a strategy that involves students playing an active role in learning by training students to think critically through problem solving by formulating hypotheses, searching for information, analyzing, and arriving at conclusions. Through this strategy, the problem of students often not doing assignments, and others will be resolved. The research method used in writing this journal is the library study method, namely by collecting some information through books, journals, magazines, newspapers, and also through other sources that are relevant to the title of this journal. Keywords: active learning of students, Discovery Learning Strategy.

Spiritual rhetoric has an important role in strengthening understanding and communication of religious teachings, but often does not receive sufficient attention in Christian religious education. The approach of Quintilianes, a famous philosopher and rhetorician from the ancient Roman era, provides a solid foundation for improving the teaching of spiritual rhetoric. This article presents key concepts from Quintilianes' thinking that can be adapted in the study of Christianity, such as the importance of ethics in communication, developing speaking skills, and emphasizing the formation of good character. This integration strategy can be applied in various contexts of Christian religious education, both in religious schools, churches and within the family environment. By incorporating elements of spiritual rhetoric into the curriculum, educators can help students understand and articulate their beliefs more effectively, while promoting fundamental moral and spiritual values. In facing the complexity of the contemporary world, the integration of Quintilianes' thoughts in the study of Christianity becomes increasingly relevant. This article proposes that this approach can provide a powerful foundation for increasing understanding, appreciation, and practice of Christianity, as well as fostering deeper spiritual growth in students.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of Christian Religious Education and Character education on the formation of spiritual attitudes in class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo for the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive inferential. The population is all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo for the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 155 people and a sample of 40 people was determined, which is 25% of the total population. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 36 items. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of Christian Religious Education and Moral Education learning on the formation of spiritual attitudes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo for the 2022/2023 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by the value rxy = 0.536 > rtable (a=0.05,n=40) = 0.312, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable n-2=38)= 2.021, thus there is a significant relationship between variable b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 28.8%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=18, dk denominator=n-2=40-2=38) namely 15.35 > 1.51 Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.

Abstract: The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the use of image media on learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education for Class VIII, even semester of SMP N 2 Sipoholon, Academic Year 2022/2023. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The population is all students in class VIII, Even Semester, SMP N 2 Sipoholon for the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 109 people and a sample of 38 people was determined, namely 35% of the total population. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire totaling 46 items, of which 23 questionnaire items were for variable even at SMP N 2 Sipoholon 2022/2023 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) test a positive relationship, obtained a value of rxy = 0.511 > rtable(a=0.05,n=38) = 0.320, thus it is known that there is a relationship positive relationship between variable 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y=33.80+0.52X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 26.2%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=22, dk denominator=n-2=38-2=36) namely 12.74 > 1.51 Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.

The aim of this research is to find out how much influence Effective Communication by Christian Religious Education Teachers has on the Christian Character of students at SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative research method. The population is all students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti consisting of 6 classes totaling 190 students and a sample of 33 people was determined using a probability sampling technique with a random type (simple random sampling). Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 25 items, namely 15 items for variable : 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.598 > rtable(a=0.05,n=33) = 0.344. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.135 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=31)= 2.042. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y=10.81+0.46X.  b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.7%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=33-2=31) namely 17.24 > 2.01. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence between the use of the inquiry method on the active learning of Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Muara BatangToru South Tapanuli for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is a quantitative research method with inferential statistics. The population is all 102 class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Muara BatangToru Tapanuli Selatan for the 2023/2024 academic year and the research sample was determined to be 36 people, which is 35% of the total population. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 36 items, namely 17 items for variable 1 Muara Batang Toru Tapanuli Selatan Academic Year 2023/2024: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.570 > rtable(a=0.05,n=36) = 0.329. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.040 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=34)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="29.04"+0.60X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 32.4%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=17, dk denominator=n-2=36-2=34) namely 16.31 > 1.62. Thus Ha, that is, there is a positive and significant influence of the use of the inquiry method on the learning activity of Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Muara Batang Toru South Tapanuli for the 2023/2024 academic year is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This research aims to find out the influence of visual media on the learning activity of Christian religious education students in class V at SD Negeri 10 Hutagalung for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research uses quantitative descriptive statistical methods, with a population of 30 people and a sample of 30 people. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire instrument of 30 items, namely 17 items for variable X and 13 for variable Y which was tested on 30 students who were not research respondents. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of visual media on the learning activity of class V Christian religious education students at SD Negeri 10 Hutagalung, Harian District, Samosir Regency for the 2022/2023 Academic Year: a) the positive relationship test is obtained from (r_xy) = 0.748 > r_ (table (α=0.05,n=30))= 0.361. b. Testing a significant relationship obtained a t_(calculated) value of 5.978, it is known that t_(table) in α=0.05 n-2=30-2=28 is 1.701. 2) Influence test: Regression equation test Y ̂= 13.40+ 0.50x. b) Regression determination test (r^2)= 55.9%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test, obtained f_count > f_(table ) namely 35.04 > 4.24. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.