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Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be a transformational tool in Christian Religious Education in the digital era. Technological advancements bring significant changes to the way we learn and teach, including religious education, which demands innovative methods to remain relevant to the younger generation increasingly connected to technology. AI offers various opportunities to enrich the learning experience and deepen the understanding of Christian values through a more personal and interactive approach. This article discusses several AI applications in Christian religious education, such as virtual assistants for spiritual guidance, in-depth Bible text analysis, and adaptive learning platforms that can tailor materials to the needs of learners. With AI technology, Christian religious education can provide more interactive and responsive modules, allowing learners to delve into religious teachings both individually and in groups. Additionally, the use of AI in analyzing learning behavior allows for more effective curriculum personalization according to the spiritual needs of each individual. This approach can address the challenge of maintaining the relevance of religious values amidst the rapid influx of digital information. This article also examines the potential of AI in aiding faith development, for example through spiritual reflection applications tailored to the user's spiritual growth. This transformation is expected to prepare a generation of Christians who are not only technologically savvy but also spiritually strong, and empowered to face moral and ethical challenges in the future. Thus, AI-based Christian Religious Education can be a pathway to building a relevant and dynamic spiritual future in the digital era.

This study aims to examine the existence of the Church in the context of salvation history from the perspective of systematic theology, focusing on the role and vocation of the ecclesia as the community of God's people. The background of this study departs from the belief that the Church is not just a religious institution, but has an existential and historical basis in God's saving work. The Church acts as an extension of Christ's mission which is continued in the power of the Holy Spirit. In this research, the author uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The data sources consist of the Holy Bible, theological books related to the title, as well as relevant theological journal articles. This research was conducted to understand the relationship between the Church's identity and its participation in salvation history, both dogmatically and functionally. The results show that the Church is called to be an active witness in the work of salvation, by carrying out prophetic, liturgical, and social functions. As an ecclesia, the Church is not just a collection of individual believers, but a community that lives in relationship with Christ as the Head. The discussion emphasizes that the Church has a mandate to live in unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolate, all of which are rooted in God's grace. In conclusion, the existence of the Church in salvation history is eschatological and missionary. The Church is called to be a sign and means of salvation, and to take part in the salvation of the world.

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of public service accountability and the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation of public service accountability in East Towuntu Village, Pasan District. The approach in this research is qualitative descriptive research. This research was chosen because it presents data systematically, factually and accurately regarding the facts in the field. The object of this research is Public Services. This research was conducted at the Towuntu Village Office as an extension of the central government and provider of services to the community. The informants in this research were all Towuntu Village officials, Pasan District. In providing services to the community, the Towuntu Village Government has demonstrated performance accountability/accountability in order to maintain community trust. This is demonstrated by the existence of a flow of accountability starting from the lowest level, namely village officials, to their leaders, namely Old Law. There are several factors that can influence the accountability/accountability process, where these factors originate from within the individual as a Village Apparatus and the environmental influence of Towuntu Village. However, as the experience of Towuntu Village officials increases, the level of understanding of the importance of performance accountability can be increased so that the process of implementing accountability can run well.

Dispensational theology is a system of biblical interpretation that views the history of salvation as a series of periods or dispensations in which God interacts with humanity in different ways, each with distinct rules and responsibilities. This writing aims to understand the development of the concept of dispensationalism, its literal method of interpretation, and the differing perspectives between Israel and the Church in God's plan. The method used is a literature review, analyzing various scholarly works and theological sources. The study's findings indicate that dispensationalism emphasizes a literal interpretation of the Bible, makes a clear distinction between Israel and the Church, and understands God’s promises as being fulfilled literally in the future. This system continues to develop and remains relevant in contemporary Christian theological discourse, including in Indonesia.

Church congregations generally include ,men, women, youth, teenagers and children. It should be that when worship is held, all elements of the church gather and worship together. However, in reality there is an imbalance in the number of congregations present at church from the number of congregation members who attend each week. At GMI Pulau Sibandang, this occurs in the number of Men who attend worship every week. This study was written to analyze the role of GMI Pulau Sibandang servants in increasing the presence of fathers in worshiping at church. The research method used literature review, informal interviews and also observations at GMI Pulau Sibandang. The results showed that there were several factors causing fathers to not attend church services. This encouraged GMI Pulau Sibandang servants to pay attention to these factors and implement strategies to overcome this.

Learners are continually faced with choosing appropriate courses or making career choices due to increased educational opportunities. The emergence of machine learning-based course and career recommender systems has the potential to address this issue, offering personalized course recommendations tailored to individual learning pathways, preferences, and learning history. The optimization and feature engineering techniques and practical deployment environments have not been collectively examined in the previous research, despite the significant advancements in this area of research. Furthermore, previous research has rarely synthesized how these technical components help students choose appropriate courses and careers. This systematic review was carried out to investigate the current state of machine learning-based course and career recommender systems, focusing on key elements, such as primary data sources, feature engineering methods, algorithms, optimization techniques, evaluation metrics, and the environments where the existing course recommendation models are deployed. The PRISMA method for conducting a systematic review was used to choose studies that met the requirements for inclusion and exclusion. The study findings show significant reliance on interpretable and traditional machine learning algorithms, such as K-Nearest Neighbor and Random Forest, to develop recommender models. Feature engineering remains basic, as most studies rely on normalization, while optimization processes are often underreported. Also, evaluation metrics varied widely, impeding comparability, while most of the recommender models are deployed in an e-learning environment, leaving the traditional learning environment underrepresented. Furthermore, the study findings identified issues including data sparsity and diversity, data security and privacy, and changes in learner preferences that may have an impact on the performance of recommender systems while recommending further studies to make use of standardized optimization methods, and automated domain-informed feature engineering frameworks, benchmark and annotated datasets in developing models the gives priority to learners’ success and educational relevance.

Background: Adolescent health plays an important role in the growth and development process. It can improve adolescent health, reduce poverty rates, and help achieve the eight goals of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Problems experienced by adolescents can be physical and psychological problems. Health problems in adolescents can be prevented and detected early. One method for detection is to conduct health screening and methods for prevention through counseling. Screening and counseling are very important in reducing risky behavior, so that it can reduce the morbidity and mortality of adolescents. This community service activity aims to: 1. Increase student awareness of the importance of maintaining physical and mental health. 2. Provide information on how to maintain adolescent health. 3. Encourage students to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Method: socialization about adolescent health at Santa Angela High School Atambua. First by using a pre-test, providing materials and then a post-test. Participants in this socialization were 94 people consisting of 79 adolescent students, 1 principal sister, 14 teachers. Results: Level of Knowledge about adolescent health 99% Good. Conclusion: This activity can provide a significant impact on the scientific knowledge gained by Santa Angela High School students about the importance of adolescent health. Community service can result in students' awareness of the importance of maintaining physical and mental health increasing. Providing information on how to maintain adolescent health. Encouraging students to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Suggestion: The PkM Team collaborates with partners in this case higher education, especially for adolescent health. Monitoring and evaluation of students about adolescent health periodically

Economic concepts are often considered abstract and difficult to understand by high school students. The lack of connection between the subject matter and the reality of everyday life is one of the factors causing low student interest in learning in this field. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the "home economics" learning approach in improving students' understanding of the economic system. The study was conducted at SMAN 12 Medan using a quantitative method with a questionnaire instrument that has been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that this approach was able to explain 59.2% of the variation in students' understanding of economics. This study suggests that teachers use contextual learning models to improve the effectiveness of the economics learning process.    

White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is a type of wood fungus that can be consumed and has high nutritional content such as carbohydrates, calcium, protein, iron, fat, potassium and phosphorus. This study aims to determine the benefits of oyster mushroom growth and production (Pleurotus ostreatus) using various compositions of growing media that incorporate coffee grounds. The study was conducted from June to December 2024 at the oyster mushroom cultivation facility of the Faculty of Agriculture, Christian University of Indonesia Toraja, located in Tallunglipu District, North Toraja Regency. The research consists of three stages: the production of oyster mushroom baglogs with coffee grounds as an additional substrate, testing the effectiveness of coffee grounds as a supplementary substrate in the growing media for oyster mushrooms, and analyzing the farming business based on the production results of oyster mushrooms. The research method employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments: without additional coffee grounds (0%); with additional coffee grounds at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results indicate that the treatment with 10% coffee grounds yielded the best results, with an average of 35.67 caps, a cap diameter of 9.38 cm, a stem diameter of 1.78 cm, and a mushroom weight of 391.00 grams.

The implementation of the PAKEM (Active, Creative, Effective, and Enjoyable Learning) model in Christian Religious Education (PAK) has shown significant potential in improving students’ understanding of Christian values ​​in elementary schools. This qualitative descriptive study analyzes the implementation of the PAKEM model and its effectiveness in fostering a deeper understanding of values ​​such as compassion, honesty, and forgiveness among students. Although conventional teaching methods are often used in PAK, the PAKEM model encourages active participation, creativity, and a fun learning atmosphere. Research shows that the model has a positive impact on students’ motivation and academic achievement. However, challenges such as limited teacher training and inadequate facilities hinder its optimal implementation. Solutions include ongoing professional development for teachers and adaptation of the curriculum to the local context. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration between educators, parents, and the community to support the effective implementation of the PAKEM model. Ultimately, the PAKEM approach not only improves cognitive outcomes but also contributes to students’ moral and spiritual development, preparing them to embody Christian values ​​in their daily lives.  By cultivating an engaging and supportive learning environment, the PAKEM model aims to create a generation of morally resilient individuals who integrate their faith into their actions.

Lung health plays a vital role in maintaining individual productivity and metabolic functions, especially in adults. Early detection of pulmonary function decline is essential, as respiratory disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma often develop insidiously. This community service program aimed to conduct early screening of lung function using spirometry in Grogol Subdistrict, West Jakarta, targeting the productive-age population. The activity followed a Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, beginning with public education and proceeding to spirometry tests, result evaluations, and follow-up medical advice. A total of 71 participants were involved, with a mean age of 43.6 years. The average spirometric values were: Vital Capacity (VC) 2.32 L, Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) 2.09 L, Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) 1.95 L, and FEV1/FVC ratio of 92.14%. Most participants (98.6%) were categorized as "normal/at risk", with only 1.4% suspected of having a pulmonary disorder. These findings underscore the importance of routine lung health monitoring in asymptomatic individuals. Through early screening and health education, this program contributes to increasing public awareness of respiratory health, promoting preventive strategies, and potentially reducing the burden of chronic lung diseases in the long term.   Keywords: Lung Function, Spirometry, Early Detection, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Health Screening

This study is based on the urgency to understand Calvinism, one of the most influential theological systems in the history of Christianity, which originated from the thoughts of John Calvin in the 16th century. This theology emphasizes the sovereignty of God in the process of salvation, formulated in five core doctrines known by the acronym TULIP: Total Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, Irresistible Grace, and Perseverance of the Saints. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach using a library research method, aiming to explore the theological concept of Calvinism through the analysis of theological, historical, and doctrinal literature. The findings reveal that Calvinism forms a systematic theology of salvation that is entirely centered on God’s grace, without reliance on human effort. Additionally, the study highlights how Calvinist teachings have significantly influenced Christian life and church practices, both historically and in the present day. Therefore, it is important for these teachings to be understood and applied contextually in Indonesia, to remain relevant and avoid being misinterpreted as rigid or fatalistic doctrine.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence continues to increase due to changes in lifestyle and lack of physical activity, especially in the productive age population. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia can cause various serious complications such as nerve, kidney, vision disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Early detection of blood sugar levels is very important to identify risks early and prevent disease progression. The Community Service Program (PKM) implemented at the Asisi Church, Tebet District, aims to increase public awareness of the importance of early detection of diabetes through blood sugar screening activities. This activity uses the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, including capillary blood tests with Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) tools and education about risk factors, symptoms, and prevention of diabetes. Of the 68 participants involved, it was found that 10 people (14.7%) had diabetes, 13 people (19.12%) had prediabetes, and 45 people (66.18%) had normal blood sugar levels. These results emphasize the importance of early detection to prevent long-term complications and encourage people to maintain metabolic health in order to improve quality of life sustainably.

This article examines theoretically about visionary leadership starting from the definition, benefits, weaknesses, and biblical views on visionary leadership. This research uses a library research approach. Visionary leaders are able to formulate a vision of the future, inspire commitment, and lead innovative change. The benefits include encouraging innovation and adaptive culture, but there is a risk of dependence and lack of attention to short-term needs. From a Christian perspective, visionary leadership stems from a relationship with God, where vision is divine revelation manifested through prayer and obedience. Biblical figures such as Nehemiah, Joshua, and Moses are examples of visionary leaders who combine faith and strategy. In conclusion, effective visionary leadership must balance strategic and spiritual vision for the success of the organization and community.

The development of digital technology has driven fundamental changes in management accounting practices, which no longer serve merely as internal recording tools but have transformed into strategic support systems for business decision-making. This article aims to systematically examine the role of technology-based management accounting in supporting decisions at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method on 20 relevant scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that the integration of technologies such as ERP, cloud accounting, artificial intelligence (AI), and big data can enhance the accuracy, speed, and efficiency of managerial decision-making. Additionally, it was found that the implementation of technology significantly impacts operational efficiency and a company's competitiveness. However, the success of implementing technology-based management accounting systems heavily depends on organizational readiness, human resource competencies, as well as supportive work structures and cultures. This article also identifies gaps in the literature, particularly in the context of SMEs, which present important opportunities for future research.

Paul's educating on the moment coming of Jesus Christ plays a imperative part in forming Christian religious philosophy and morals. In his epistles, Paul emphasizes that the return of Christ isn't simply a promise for long haul; it may be a living reality of confidence that provides trust and changes the way devotees live. The call to heavenly living within the present is integrated with the guarantee of salvation that will be satisfied at Christ's return. Agreeing to Paul, confidence in Christ must be illustrated through a life filled with love, truth, and sacredness. This is often since the hope of the Lord's coming is an fundamental portion of the moral obligation of each devotee. The understanding of Christ's return, in Paul's point of view, isn't only eschatological but too profoundly associated to the practical viewpoints of the believer's way of life. Within the setting of the early church—marked by abuse, doctrinal disarray, and ethical crisis—Paul demands that the trust of Christ's return ought to result in a life that's satisfying and commendable some time recently God. The long run. coming of Christ includes not as it were judgment or eminence, but too every day reliability. The point of this ponder is to investigate how Paul gets it the moment coming of Jesus in connection to the guarantee of salvation and from the values of the Kingdom of God.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) has an important role in shaping the character, morals, and spirituality of students. In the digital era, PAK faces new challenges and opportunities. The main challenge is the lack of teacher readiness in using technology and the negative influence of the digital world. However, the digital era also opens up great opportunities through interactive learning media and wider accessibility. This study uses a literature review method to analyze digital transformation in PAK. The results show that the integration of technology in PAK must be supported by teacher training, relevant curriculum development, and collaboration between schools, churches, and families. With an innovative and collaborative approach, PAK can continue to be relevant and effective in strengthening the faith and character of students amidst the flow of modernization. PAK teachers need to utilize technology to enrich the learning experience, while maintaining Christian values. Collaboration between teachers, churches, parents, and students is the key to optimizing the benefits of technology and minimizing its negative impacts. Thus, PAK in the digital era is able to form a young generation that is technologically literate and steadfast in the Christian faith.

Mental health disorders such as depression, stress, and anxiety are commonly found among individuals in productive age and can have a substantial impact on their quality of life, both personally and socially. Early symptoms like fatigue, mild anxiety, or sleep disturbances, often go unrecognized as they frequently perceived as minor issues, leading to many cases remained undiagnosed during the early stages. The Community Service Program (PKM) conducted in Grogol Subdistrict aimed to raise the public awareness of the importance of early detection of mental health issues through screening using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). This activity adopted the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, encompassing mental health education, standardized screening, and follow-up in the form of referrals to mental health professionals for participants with abnormal scores. Among 67 participants, 6 individuals (8.96%) were found to have mild to severe depressive symptoms, 19 individuals (28.36%) exhibited mild to severe anxiety symptoms, and 2 individuals (2.99%) experienced mild stress symptoms. These findings emphasized the vital role of early education and screening in preventing mental health disorders, also serves as a foundation for fostering sustained public awareness regarding the importance of maintaining psychosocial well-being.

Critical thinking skills are fundamental to everyday life and academics, allowing individuals to analyze information, evaluate arguments, and draw evidence-based conclusions. In the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK), critical thinking also has a theological dimension, where reason, as a divine gift, is renewed through Christ to understand divine truth and love God. Given this urgency, this study aims to explore how the implementation of the Team Based Learning (TBL) Model can improve the critical thinking skills of PAK students. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method through literature study, collecting and analyzing data from various journal articles and books. The results show that the TBL structure includes individual preparation, team discussion (IRAT/GRAT), problem-based concept application, and peer feedback and evaluation systematically encourage high-level cognitive processes. In conclusion, TBL has proven effective in improving the critical thinking skills of PAK students, while deepening their understanding of the material and their religious competence.

This research examines the crucial role of the Holy Spirit in the spiritual growth and ministry of contemporary Christians, considering that many have not actively experienced His involvement, resulting in low spiritual quality. Its objective is to re-examine the Holy Spirit's influence for a clearer understanding. Employing a qualitative library research method with textual analysis of the Bible and theological literature (hermeneutics), this study finds that the Holy Spirit is a divine person actively guiding, transforming character, and serving as Creator, Reconciler, and Redeemer. The Pentecost event demonstrates initial empowerment. Spiritual gifts are an expression of His role, which, though debated, function to equip ministry, strengthen community, and facilitate evangelism. The Holy Spirit is also a source of character transformation and empowerment for mission. Baptism in the Holy Spirit becomes a moment of life change and sanctification. The implication is that a clear understanding and open attitude towards the Holy Spirit are essential for unity, church growth, and glorifying Christ.