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Madhhab fanaticism in Islamic education, which appears in fiqh teaching practices that tend to absolutize a single madhhab, restrict dialogical space, and insufficiently appreciate the diversity of scholarly opinions. Such conditions may foster exclusive and intolerant religious attitudes among students. To respond to this problem, the study employs a qualitative approach with a library research design by critically examining books, journal articles, and documents related to fiqh madhhabs, Islamic education, religious moderation, and multicultural education. The data are analyzed using content analysis and descriptive–analytical techniques to map the forms of madhhab fanaticism in the learning process, the stages of transformation in madhhab understanding, and the pedagogical strategies that support the emergence of tolerant attitudes. The findings indicate that the transformation toward a more tolerant understanding of madhhabs is supported by curricula that accommodate comparative fiqh (multi-madhhab), inclusive learning materials, dialogical teaching methods, and teachers’ role modeling of moderate attitudes. Inhibiting factors include deeply rooted madhhab fanaticism, the dominance of conservative curricula, ideological bias in textbooks, and a weak culture of critical thinking. It is concluded that strengthening fiqh instructional design that consciously integrates religious moderation and multicultural education is essential for shifting madhhab understanding from patterns of fanaticism to patterns of tolerance within Islamic educational institutions.

Government expenditure is a great reason in economic stability and its impact on the balance of payments is dire. In this light, this paper seeks to use the time series analysis method and the ARDL model to investigate the association between the balance of payments of Iraq and the public spending within the 2004-2023 period. The Eviews 13 software was used to analyse it. The findings show that there is a positive association between spending by the people and balance of payment especially at the short run. The latter findings indicate that the efficiency of government expenditure reform is a necessary tool to accomplish the expansion and close the balance of payments deficit. This study highlights the importance of strategic fiscal policies and government spending in achieving a balanced economy and sustainable growth. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and adjustment of public spending to ensure its alignment with national economic objectives. The findings contribute to the understanding of fiscal policy implications in developing economies, especially in the context of Iraq’s economic challenges.  

This study aims to determine the influence of marketing strategies and consumer commitment on purchasing decisions for Yamaha NMAX products in Rimbo Bujang using quantitative analysis descriptive research methods with SPSS 26 tests on 96 respondents. The results of the study indicate that the Marketing Strategy variable (X1) has a significant influence on the Purchase Decision (Y) of Yamaha NMAX products in Rimbo Bujang. Then the Consumer Commitment variable (X2) also has a significant influence on the Purchase Decision (Y) of Yamaha NMAX products in Rimbo Bujang. While simultaneously Marketing Strategy (X1) and Consumer Commitment (X2) together have a significant influence on the Purchase Decision (Y) of Yamaha NMAX products in Rimbo Bujang. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.777 indicates that 77.7% of the variation in Purchase Decisions is influenced by Marketing Strategy and Consumer Commitment, while the remaining 22.3% is influenced by other factors outside this study. These findings provide important insights for more effective business strategies, especially in increasing product sales through a better approach to consumers. By understanding the factors that influence purchasing decisions, companies can optimize more targeted marketing strategies and increase levels of consumer satisfaction and loyalty.  

This article aims to provide a comprehensive literature review on how professional ethics can serve as an effective strategy to prevent fund misuse within organizational financial management. Professional ethics is viewed as a set of moral values, behavioral norms, and professional standards that guide financial managers to perform their duties with honesty, responsibility, and without conflicts of interest. In the context of financial management, these duties include recording, budgeting, monitoring, and reporting financial activities, all of which require accuracy and transparency. The study highlights five main principles of professional ethics: integrity, objectivity, professional competence, confidentiality, and professional behavior. These principles clarify rules, strengthen accountability, and ensure that financial processes comply with established standards. The literature review shows that applying professional ethics not only encourages individuals to act correctly but also enhances responsibility, improves performance, and strengthens financial oversight. Integrity and objectivity play a crucial role in preventing report manipulation, budget inflation, and fund misuse, as these principles demand moral courage and fair decision-making. Professional competence ensures that every financial process is carried out accurately and in accordance with regulations, while confidentiality protects sensitive information from misuse. Professional behavior emphasizes adherence to laws, organizational policies, and professional standards. The article also identifies several supporting factors that enable the effective implementation of professional ethics, such as strong internal policies, leadership commitment to integrity, an ethical workplace culture, layered supervision systems, and continuous ethics training. Conversely, common challenges include weak internal controls, limited understanding of ethics, organizational pressure, conflicts of interest, and inconsistent application of ethical standards. Therefore, this article underscores that integrating professional ethics into organizational financial policies, procedures, and management systems is a key step in preventing fund misuse and strengthening stakeholder trust in the organization’s transparency and accountability.

This community service project aims to develop children's potential through the art of coloring as an effective educational tool to enhance social and cultural understanding. The activity was held at Jl. Binalatung, RT 11, Pantai Amal, Tarakan Timur, a coastal area that is also a border region. The background for this project is the limited access of children in this area to creative activities that could support their personal development and awareness of social and cultural diversity. A coloring competition was chosen as the approach, involving 30 participants from kindergarten to elementary school age, many of whom do not continue to formal education.Using a participatory method, children were not only invited to color but were also given an understanding of the meanings and cultural values embedded in each image. Furthermore, the activity was designed to foster a sense of togetherness, sportsmanship, and self-confidence. The results showed very high enthusiasm from the participants. They were not only able to produce beautiful artworks but also demonstrated an increased understanding of the importance of appreciating differences and cultural diversity. This report proves that the art of coloring plays a crucial role as a tool to bridge the knowledge gap and foster cultural awareness, especially for children in remote and border areas who have limited access to education and educational entertainment. Therefore, it is recommended that similar programs be continued with more varied materials to support the holistic development of children in coastal regions.

This community service project aims to develop children's potential through the art of coloring as an effective educational tool to enhance social and cultural understanding. The activity was held at Jl. Binalatung, RT 11, Pantai Amal, Tarakan Timur, a coastal area that is also a border region. The background for this project is the limited access of children in this area to creative activities that could support their personal development and awareness of social and cultural diversity. A coloring competition was chosen as the approach, involving 30 participants from kindergarten to elementary school age, many of whom do not continue to formal education.Using a participatory method, children were not only invited to color but were also given an understanding of the meanings and cultural values embedded in each image. Furthermore, the activity was designed to foster a sense of togetherness, sportsmanship, and self-confidence. The results showed very high enthusiasm from the participants. They were not only able to produce beautiful artworks but also demonstrated an increased understanding of the importance of appreciating differences and cultural diversity. This report proves that the art of coloring plays a crucial role as a tool to bridge the knowledge gap and foster cultural awareness, especially for children in remote and border areas who have limited access to education and educational entertainment. Therefore, it is recommended that similar programs be continued with more varied materials to support the holistic development of children in coastal regions.

Diarrhea is one of the diseases that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among elementary school-aged children. A mother's knowledge as the primary caregiver is an important factor in the prevention of diarrhea. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education through pop-up book media on mothers' knowledge about diarrhea prevention in children at SDN 160 Mulyorejo II, Luwu Utara Regency. The research design used a quantitative quasi-experimental approach with a one group pretest posttest design. The population consisted of 143 mothers with children attending SDN 160 Mulyorejo II, with a sample of 54 respondents selected using stratified random sampling. The intervention was carried out by providing education using pop-up book media, followed by measuring knowledge before and after the intervention using a questionnaire. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded p < 0.001, indicating a significant effect of health education through pop-up book media on mothers' knowledge about diarrhea prevention. This media is effective because it combines three-dimensional visual and interactive elements that enhance mothers' interest and understanding of health material. The conclusion is that health education through pop-up book media can significantly improve mothers' knowledge about diarrhea prevention in children, and is recommended as an alternative educational medium in public health promotion.

This study aims to explore the communication styles and experiences of healthcare workers in enhancing public service communication skills at Petir Community Health Center (Puskesmas Petir) in Tangerang City. Effective communication is a crucial factor in the quality of healthcare services for patients; however, various challenges such as time constraints, differences in patients’ backgrounds, and work pressure often hinder optimal interactions. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis to uncover the experiences, perceptions, and practices of healthcare workers in communicating with patients and the community. The findings indicate that communication skills are improved through internal training, peer mentoring, and the adaptation of communication strategies to match patient characteristics. Additionally, personal motivation, managerial support, and a conducive work environment play significant roles in the successful implementation of communication strategies. The results of this study provide an in-depth understanding of public service communication practices within the community health center context and serve as a basis for recommendations in developing training programs and policies to enhance the quality of interactions between healthcare workers and the community.

This article delves into the application of gamification in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) for primary school students, focusing on its impact on motivation, emotional engagement, and learning psychology. It offers a systematic review of relevant studies, evaluating both the positive outcomes and challenges of using gamification in IRE. A thorough library research approach was used, drawing from academic journals, books, and conference papers. Key databases like Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ERIC were searched to identify studies published between 2010 and 2025. Studies that met specific criteria relevance to the topic, educational level, and a focus on gamification, motivation, emotional engagement, and learning psychology were selected. The findings suggest that gamification in IRE can significantly enhance student motivation, emotional engagement, and learning outcomes. Elements such as rewards, challenges, and interactive activities help create a positive learning environment, promoting better retention and understanding of Islamic teachings. Emotional engagement is particularly heightened when gamification is tailored to the cultural and religious contexts of the students, fostering a deeper connection to the material. The study emphasizes that incorporating gamification in IRE could enhance the overall educational experience for primary students, boosting their motivation and emotional involvement in learning. It also highlights the importance of designing gamified content that is culturally relevant and contextually appropriate to maximize the positive effects on student learning. The study recommends that educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers consider using gamification to improve the quality of Islamic education in primary schools.

This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between students’ learning motivation and their perception of mathematics with mathematics achievement among tenth-grade students at SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. Mathematics was chosen as the focus because it is often considered a subject that presents significant challenges for students, both in terms of conceptual understanding and in shaping positive attitudes toward learning. The study employed a correlational quantitative method, with the population consisting of all tenth-grade students and the sample limited to class X-9, comprising 36 students. The instruments used were a motivation questionnaire, a perception questionnaire, and mathematics learning outcomes obtained from mid-semester test scores. Data analysis included normality testing and Pearson correlation to identify the relationship among variables. The results indicated that learning motivation did not have a significant correlation with mathematics achievement. In contrast, students’ perception of mathematics showed a significant correlation with their academic performance. These findings suggest that students’ positive perceptions of mathematics can play a crucial role in supporting better academic achievement, while motivation alone may not guarantee higher performance. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing mathematics learning outcomes and provides a foundation for further research to develop more comprehensive tools for measuring motivation. Future studies are also encouraged to consider additional variables such as teaching strategies, parental involvement, and the overall learning environment in order to present a broader analysis of student success.

This study explores the integration of financial numeracy with local wisdom in mathematics education in Indonesia. By incorporating real-life financial scenarios, such as budgeting, saving, and investment calculations, into mathematics lessons, the research aims to enhance students' understanding of mathematical concepts while simultaneously improving their financial literacy. The study also emphasizes the importance of using local cultural and economic knowledge as a context for learning, making abstract mathematical concepts more relevant and accessible. The findings suggest that contextualizing mathematics education through local wisdom significantly improves student engagement, understanding, and practical application of mathematical knowledge. The integration of financial numeracy helps students make informed financial decisions and prepares them for future financial challenges. This research contributes to the development of a mathematics curriculum that combines financial literacy with local context, offering a more inclusive, relevant, and practical approach to education. The study’s findings contribute to the ongoing development of more inclusive, relevant, and practical educational frameworks that incorporate financial literacy into the mathematics curriculum.

This study aims to analyze the application of Think-Pair-Share (TPS) and Group Investigation (GI) cooperative learning strategies as pedagogical innovations in strengthening Islamic values and student learning independence in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) subjects. This study uses a library research method by examining various relevant scientific sources, including cooperative learning theory, the concept of independent learning, and Islamic educational values. The results of the study show that the integration of TPS and GI strategies can create an active, participatory, collaborative, and reflective learning process. Through paired discussions and investigative group work, students are trained to think critically, be responsible, and be able to work together harmoniously. In addition to improving academic understanding, the application of these two strategies also contributes to instilling Islamic values such as ukhuwah (brotherhood), amanah (trustworthiness), and mutual respect. Thus, this learning innovation is not only oriented towards cognitive aspects, but also towards character building and spirituality of students. The findings of this study are expected to be a reference for PAI teachers in developing effective, contextual, and Islamic character learning strategies.

This study analyzes the implementation of Islamic inheritance law (mawaris) in contemporary Muslim society as a means to realize justice and blessing (barakah) in the distribution of inherited wealth. The research is motivated by the growing number of inheritance disputes caused by limited understanding of faraid principles, the persistence of customary inheritance practices, and the coexistence of national legal systems that often diverge from Islamic inheritance regulations. These conditions frequently lead to unequal distribution and family conflicts. The study aims to examine the relevance of mawaris in modern contexts and to explore how its application, when aligned with the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid al-shariah), can address current social challenges. Employing a qualitative method with a normative library research approach, the study draws on primary sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical fiqh texts, as well as secondary sources including contemporary books and scholarly journal articles. Data were analyzed through content analysis to identify key concepts and arguments regarding the contemporary application of mawaris. The findings show that proper implementation of Islamic inheritance law fosters justice, minimizes family disputes, strengthens kinship ties, and safeguards the blessing of wealth. Nevertheless, insufficient public literacy on Islamic inheritance law and the dominance of non-sharia considerations remain significant barriers. Therefore, the study underscores the need for enhanced public education, greater involvement of religious scholars in inheritance mediation, and contextual integration of Islamic legal principles to ensure fair and beneficial inheritance distribution in modern Muslim families.

This study aims to determine the cost of production for Sa'dan woven fabric using two cost calculation methods, namely full costing and variable costing. These methods are applied to analyze the cost differences involved in the production process. Data were collected through observation and direct interviews with the weavers. Based on the research findings, the cost of production per sheet of woven fabric using the full costing method is Rp 316,800, which includes the costs of raw materials, labor, and production overheads. In contrast, the calculation using the variable costing method results in a lower production cost, amounting to Rp 314,690. Additionally, the uncertainty in the production quantity also affects the cost incurred. The higher the production quantity, the greater the cost incurred, which impacts the setting of selling prices and the desired profit by the weaver. Therefore, it is important for the weavers to consider efficiency in production planning in order to optimize costs and maximize profits. By understanding the differences between these two methods, the weavers are expected to make more accurate pricing decisions based on the current production conditions, ensuring better business sustainability.  

The journey and development of human life in the world today, consciously or unconsciously, have entered the period or era of Society 5.0. This Society 5.0 era is characterized by the massive integration of physical and digital spaces, which on one hand opens up unlimited innovation opportunities, but on the other hand presents complex challenges to national unity and identity. This Community Service (PkM) activity is based on the urgency to strengthen the foundational character of students in general, and students of Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia in particular, so that they are not merely spectators, but active players who have a positive impact amid the technological disruption era of Society 5.0. Therefore, this PkM activity is designed and implemented to address the need for strengthening digital literacy that is ethical and nationally minded for students. From the PkM activities that have been carried out at Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia under the title “Building National Insight for Students with Character and Impact in the Society 5.0 Era concludes that it is necessary to understand national insight from an early age so that the nation's next generation realizes early on that they are part of the nation and the state of Indonesia, and by understanding and being able to internalize the values or pillars of national insight, they can have a positive impact on community life, nationhood, and statehood in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.

Low student achievement in mathematics, particularly in arithmetic sequences and series, has led to decreased learning motivation and participation. Therefore, innovative and engaging instructional strategies are required, one of which is the implementation of ice-breaking activities to reduce boredom and enhance students’ learning engagement. This study aimed to examine the effect of implementing ice breaking on the mathematics learning outcomes of tenth-grade students at SMK Kesehatan Samarinda in the topic of arithmetic sequences and series. This research employed an experimental method using a quasi-experimental design, involving two groups: an experimental group that received instruction incorporating ice breaking and a control group that did not receive such treatment. The total sample consisted of 60 students selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a learning achievement test administered as a pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes between the two groups. The results revealed a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a significant difference in learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of ice breaking has a significant effect on improving students’ mathematics learning outcomes. This strategy creates a more active, interactive, and enjoyable learning environment, thereby facilitating students’ understanding of mathematical concepts, particularly arithmetic sequences and series.

Mosque-based community economic empowerment activities have significant potential to improve community welfare, particularly for small businesses in the mosque's immediate vicinity. However, implementation is still largely conventional and lacks a data-driven approach, resulting in suboptimal beneficiary identification and activity evaluation. This community service initiative aims to promote a data-driven approach to mosque-based community economic empowerment through sharia bazaar activities. Implementation methods include initial observation, outreach and education for mosque managers and business owners, technical assistance for sharia entrepreneurship, and activity evaluation. The results demonstrate an increased public understanding of the importance of data use in determining beneficiaries, managing bazaar activities, and developing businesses based on sharia economic principles. The outcomes of this initiative include improved data management literacy, a simple data collection format for sharia bazaar activities, and recommendations for developing a mosque-based data collection system. It is hoped that this initiative will be the first step in building a sustainable, transparent, and data-driven community economic empowerment model within the mosque environment.

This study aims to describe the innovative application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in improving the understanding of speech texts in grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach supported by quantitative data in the form of student learning outcomes. Data sources include lesson planning documents (RPP), the "Understanding Speech" teaching module compiled by Istiqomah HM, and student learning outcomes. The learning process is carried out through PBL stages which include problem orientation, organizing students in group work, investigation, compiling and presenting results, and learning reflection. The results show that the application of the PBL model is able to improve students' understanding of the structure, content, and linguistic rules of speech texts. The average individual score reached 96.84 with most students obtaining a score ≥ 80. In addition to improving academic achievement, the PBL model also has a positive impact on students' critical thinking skills, collaboration, and communication skills. Although technical obstacles and differences in literacy levels were still found, this model is considered effective and worthy of further development in Indonesian language learning at the junior high school level.

This community service project aimed to strengthen the capacity of Posyandu cadres in performing early detection of child growth and development (SDIDTK) through a community-based intervention at Babadan Health Center, Indramayu. Limited knowledge, lack of assessment tools, and minimal continuous assistance were identified as key problems among cadres. The intervention involved training, mentoring, simulation practice, and monitoring–evaluation using participatory and human-centered approaches. Thirty cadres participated in the program. The results showed an improvement in cadres’ understanding of SDIDTK concepts, increased ability to conduct stimulation and screening using KPSP, and enhanced readiness to educate parents during Posyandu activities. This community-based approach successfully strengthened cadres’ competency and supported optimal child development monitoring in the community. The program is recommended to be continued through periodic mentoring and integration with local health programs.

Suicide among adolescents is a serious mental health problem; however, not all adolescents with suicidal ideation progress to suicide attempts. Understanding the psychological factors that influence the transition from intention to actual behavior is essential for effective prevention efforts. This study aims to examine the role of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in understanding the transition from suicidal intention to suicide attempt behavior, as well as protective behaviors such as mental health help-seeking among adolescents. This study employs a literature review method with a quantitative correlational approach based on the TPB framework, using secondary data from scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025 and obtained through Google Scholar and PubMed. The findings indicate that suicidal ideation is the strongest predictor of suicidal intention but does not always lead to suicide attempts. TPB constructs, particularly perceived behavioral control (PBC), play a crucial role in determining whether intention develops into risky behavior or is redirected toward protective behaviors. In addition, positive attitudes toward mental health services and supportive social norms were found to strengthen adolescents’ intentions to seek help. In conclusion, TPB is a relevant theoretical framework for explaining both risk pathways and prevention pathways of adolescent suicide and has the potential to serve as a foundation for developing more effective prevention interventions.