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This study is motivated by the moral and spiritual crisis affecting modern leadership systems, where the exercise of power often prioritizes material and political interests over ethical values and social responsibility. In this context, the concept of Malay Islamic Leadership is considered relevant as an alternative model that integrates moral, spiritual, and local cultural values to establish a just and civilized governance framework. The purpose of this study is to describe the fundamental principles of Malay Islamic leadership, analyze the implementation of its moral and spiritual values, and assess its relevance in addressing the challenges of modern leadership. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained through literature reviews of books, journal articles, and academic documents discussing Islamic leadership and Malay culture. The results indicate that Malay Islamic leadership is founded on the values of amanah (trustworthiness), ‘adl (justice), hikmah (wisdom), and syura (consultation), while taqwa (piety) serves as the core of a leader’s spirituality. These values are proven to be relevant in the modern context as they address ethical crises, strengthen leaders’ integrity, and reorient leadership toward service and the welfare of the community.

This study examines the concept of women's leadership from an Islamic and Catholic perspective and how religious values ​​influence the acceptance and legitimacy of women's leadership in the public sphere. Using a qualitative approach using a desk study method, this study analyzes religious texts, scientific literature, and case studies of the leadership of two Southeast Asian women: Megawati Soekarnoputri in Indonesia and Corazon Aquino in the Philippines. The results show that both Islam and Catholicism have complex histories and interpretations of women's roles in leadership. While conservative and patriarchal readings exist within both traditions, there is also interpretive space that allows women to emerge as leaders. The leadership of Megawati and Aquino demonstrates that women are capable of leading with distinctive styles rooted in values ​​of spirituality, morality, and service. Both demonstrate a non-confrontational yet effective leadership approach, which simultaneously opens up space for reinterpreting women's roles in religion and politics. Thus, women's leadership is not a deviation from religious teachings, but rather part of the socio-religious dynamic that demands inclusivity and equality.

In today's world, the crisis of moral integrity and low quality of leadership have become one of the most serious challenges in education and social life. This study aims to examine how Christian Religious Education and family interactions contribute to the formation of a culture of quality that supports the growth of leadership character based on faith, responsibility, and a spirit of service. The approach used is a reflective literature study with a review of eleven journals, sixteen books or other sources from theological and educational philosophy perspectives, and leadership studies. The results of the study show that Christian Religious Education not only fosters spiritual awareness and ethical thinking skills, but also strengthens students' commitment to excellence as a manifestation of living faith, hence the emphasis is on the active role of parents. The integration of faith education and family interaction creates a culture of quality that encourages continuous growth, self-reflection, and integrity in leadership. The novelty in this study is the formation of an integrated culture of quality.

This study examines the concept of women's leadership from an Islamic and Catholic perspective and how religious values ​​influence the acceptance and legitimacy of women's leadership in the public sphere. Using a qualitative approach using a desk study method, this study analyzes religious texts, scientific literature, and case studies of the leadership of two Southeast Asian women: Megawati Soekarnoputri in Indonesia and Corazon Aquino in the Philippines. The results show that both Islam and Catholicism have complex histories and interpretations of women's roles in leadership. While conservative and patriarchal readings exist within both traditions, there is also interpretive space that allows women to emerge as leaders. The leadership of Megawati and Aquino demonstrates that women are capable of leading with distinctive styles rooted in values ​​of spirituality, morality, and service. Both demonstrate a non-confrontational yet effective leadership approach, which simultaneously opens up space for reinterpreting women's roles in religion and politics. Thus, women's leadership is not a deviation from religious teachings, but rather part of the socio-religious dynamic that demands inclusivity and equality.

Leadership and organizational structure in Islamic education are two interrelated elements that shape the direction, vision, and sustainability of educational institutions founded upon divine values. The background of this study stems from the phenomenon of weak leadership systems and organizational governance in several Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, characterized by low managerial competence and the lack of integration of spiritual values in leadership practices. This condition hampers institutional effectiveness in achieving the expected quality of education. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of leadership as a pillar of spiritual and managerial transformation and to describe the organizational system of Islamic education as a collaborative and value-based system. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach, analyzing various academic sources, Islamic leadership theories, and previous research findings. The results indicate that Islamic educational leadership grounded in the values of amanah (trustworthiness), syura (consultation), and ukhuwah (brotherhood) plays a crucial role in building a productive and ethical organizational culture. Furthermore, an organization based on collaboration, justice, and open communication strengthens institutional effectiveness and enhances the participation of all educational components. The synergy between spiritual leadership and a value-driven organizational system produces Islamic educational institutions that are excellent, adaptive, and oriented toward nurturing individuals who are both faithful and knowledgeable.

This study is grounded in the importance of understanding the dynamics of group behavior within multicultural Islamic education institutions , where spiritual values , organizational culture , and leadership interact to create a harmonious working climate . A strong organizational culture and inclusive leadership are believed to be the foundation for fostering collaboration , fairness , and mutual respect among members . The purpose of this study is to analyze how organizational culture and inclusive leadership styles shape group behavior within socially and culturally diverse Islamic education contexts . This research employs a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach , reviewing relevant academic literature focused on group dynamics , work culture , and Islamic values . The findings indicate that an Islamic value - based organizational culture and inclusive leadership play a significant role in strengthening social cohesion , enhancing participation , and fostering group behavior that is both collaborative and spiritually meaningful .

This study examines the implementation of education management based on deep learning, which combines an intensive pedagogical approach and spiritual values to increase student enrollment in Christian Junior High Schools (SMP) in Batam. With a strategy emphasizing meaningful learning, intensive interaction, and integration of spiritual values, this research aims to analyze how innovative education management can strengthen the appeal of Christian schools and improve overall education quality. A mixed-methods approach was used, collecting quantitative and qualitative data through surveys, interviews, and observations at 36 Christian SMPs in Batam. The results indicate that the synergy between deep learning-based management, curriculum innovation, and spiritual leadership of school principals significantly contributes to enhancing education quality and student enrollment. This article provides practical recommendations for developing school management based on meaningful and spiritual learning as a model for improving the quality and competitiveness of Christian schools in the global era.

The competition among educational institutions demands improvement in service quality as a key marketing strategy. Good service quality not only builds a positive image for the institution, but also encourages student satisfaction and interest. The purpose of this study is to identify a quality-based educational marketing strategy to increase student interest. This study used a qualitative approach, with a case study method. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation analysis. The results of the study found that: 1) An effective Islamic education marketing strategy is rooted in the integration of Islamic values and service quality as the basis for forming a positive image of the institution. 2) MTs Al Hidayah excels with a humanistic approach based on empathy and service flexibility, while MTs Daarul Uluum PUI excels through a structured and institutional quality management system. 3) Visionary leadership, teacher competence, and spiritual value-based communication are key factors in building public trust and loyalty. 4) The main obstacles include a lack of quality systematization, documentation, and digital promotion innovation, which have an impact on the limited reach and professionalism of marketing. Strategic solutions include strengthening data-based quality management, increasing human resource capacity, community partnerships, and optimizing digital communication to create sustainable Islamic education marketing that has da'wah value.

This study explores the dynamics of organizational change and development in Islamic education from the perspective of visionary leadership, focusing on how vision and innovation serve as the driving forces of institutional transformation. The research object is an Islamic educational institution at the secondary level that seeks to adapt to modernization and quality improvement based on Islamic values. The main problem addressed in this study is the weak internalization of vision within organizational culture and the limited integration between spiritual and managerial aspects of leadership. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of visionary leadership in directing organizational change and fostering adaptive, innovative, and value-driven development within Islamic education institutions. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, using interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques, analyzed thematically through the Miles and Huberman model. The findings reveal that visionary leadership builds a strategic direction grounded in Islamic values, promotes collective participation, and cultivates a culture of continuous innovation. The synthesis of results indicates that visionary leadership serves as the foundation for effective organizational transformation, harmonizing spirituality and innovation to create an excellent and value-oriented educational institution. In conclusion, strengthening leadership vision is essential to ensure the sustainability and relevance of Islamic education in the modern era.

The church, as the body of Christ, carries a vital responsibility in shaping the congregation’s understanding of biblical doctrine as the foundation of a sound life of faith. However, in practice, there remains a gap between the theological instruction provided and the congregation’s actual comprehension in daily life. This study aims to analyze the level of understanding among local congregations regarding biblical doctrine, identify the factors influencing this understanding, and examine the discrepancies between teaching and its application in everyday life. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, focusing on the examination of biblical texts, theological works, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that the congregation’s level of understanding of biblical doctrine varies and is influenced by internal factors such as spiritual motivation and faith experience, as well as external factors such as the quality of teaching and ecclesiastical leadership. The gap between teaching and understanding is attributed to the lack of contextual and interactive learning methods. This study underscores the importance of continuous and dialogical theological formation within local churches so that congregants may not only comprehend doctrine cognitively but also embody it practically in faith and action. These findings are expected to enrich the field of practical theology and serve as a reference for developing faith education within the church.

This study examines the concept of the Great Filter as a metaphor to explain why only a few Islamic missionary organizations and startups are able to survive amidst digital disruption, while many others fail. Disruption, characterized by rapid changes in technology, regulations, and societal behavior, creates significant pressure that demands high levels of adaptability and innovation. This study uses a qualitative method based on a literature review by analyzing various literature related to entrepreneurship, digital missionary work, and dynamic capabilities. The results show that the success of Islamic missionary organizations in facing disruption is determined by a combination of visionary leadership, continuous innovation, mastery of digital technology, and the organization's ability to learn and adapt. Conversely, failure is often caused by limited funding, minimal innovation, and weak digital strategies. Thus, the Great Filter can be understood as a natural selection process that only resilient, adaptive organizations can overcome, and is able to combine spiritual values with entrepreneurial innovation.

This article aims to explore the leadership management of Timothy, a young leader in the Bible, by examining his values, principles, challenges, and the relevance of his leadership for contemporary Christian students. The study employs a qualitative literature review method by analyzing the books of 1 and 2 Timothy, supported by relevant management and theological literature. The findings reveal that Timothy’s leadership is characterized by faithfulness, exemplary living, humility, courage, spiritual discipline, and a strong commitment to maintaining the purity of Christ’s teachings. In facing challenges such as false doctrines, social pressures, and limited congregational support, Timothy demonstrated managerial skills grounded in faith and obedience to the guidance of the Apostle Paul. The study highlights that Timothy’s leadership principles remain highly relevant for Christian students today in developing integrity, resilience, and service-oriented leadership. Furthermore, his example provides valuable insights into integrating spiritual management within academic and organizational contexts. This article contributes to a deeper theological understanding of leadership management that unites faith-based values, moral responsibility, and practical competence to respond wisely and ethically to the challenges of modern life.

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) as traditional Islamic educational institutions not only serve as places for shaping students’ character, morals, and spirituality but also hold great potential in developing community economic independence through the management of pesantren business units. These business units are a concrete manifestation of the values of independence, hard work, and responsibility taught in the pesantren’s educational process. The purpose of this study is to examine in depth the role of pesantren business units in supporting the economic self-reliance of the pesantren itself as well as their contribution to empowering the surrounding community. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach on several pesantren that have successfully developed various business units such as cooperatives, agriculture, livestock, garment production, and student shops. The results show that pesantren business units function not only as a means of entrepreneurship education for students but also as a primary source of funding to support the operational activities of the pesantren. In addition, they act as the driving force of the local economy by creating employment opportunities, increasing income, and promoting community-based economic empowerment. The success of pesantren business units is influenced by professional management, strong leadership support, and the ability to innovate and adapt to changing times.

This study aims to analyze how the integration of Islamic economic values operates in the management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds in Islamic schools and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as stakeholders’ perceptions regarding the application of sharia values in financial administrative practices. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing stages. The findings reveal that Islamic economic principles such as amanah (trustworthiness), sidq (honesty), al-‘adl (justice), and mas’uliyyah (accountability) have been internalized within the organizational culture and individual behavior of school managers, although not yet fully institutionalized. Supporting factors include religious leadership, Islamic ethical organizational culture, and community participation, while the main constraints involve limited human resources, low literacy in sharia accounting, and the absence of a faith-based monitoring system. Stakeholders demonstrate a strong moral awareness of sharia values but with limited technical understanding. The study concludes that effective integration requires synergy between spiritual values, technical capacity, and institutional policies to establish transparent and socially just financial governance in Islamic education institutions.

Students as agents of change play an important role in the process of community development, not only in the academic environment but also in responding to various social issues. Community service is part of the Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi (Three Pillars of Higher Education), which emphasizes the application of knowledge while improving the social, spiritual, and economic quality of society. This study explores the implementation of the “Student Service: Al-Qur'an Generation, Literacy, and Economic Independence” program in Merambung Village, Tangkit Hamlet. This program focuses on three main aspects, namely strengthening religious education through Al-Qur'an teaching at the Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPA), improving basic literacy through guidance in reading, writing, and arithmetic, and empowering the local economy through assistance for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method was used, actively involving the community in every stage of the program's implementation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the ability to read the Qur'an and the application of spiritual values, an increase in interest and skills in basic literacy, and an increase in the competitiveness and independence of MSME actors through training and the use of promotional media. In addition to providing direct benefits to the community, this program also helped develop students' capacity in the application of knowledge, social empathy, and leadership competencies. The findings of this study confirm.

Community empowerment is an important pillar in social development in Indonesia. This article discusses the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Program by students of the Christian Leadership Study Program, Faculty of Theology, Tarutung State Christian Institute in Hutaraja Simanungkalit Village, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency. This activity focuses on spiritual and social development, through a literacy mentoring program for children and support for the elderly. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a collaborative participatory method, which allows active interaction between students and the community. Data collection was carried out through observation, informal interviews, and documentation of activities. The evaluation results showed that the program succeeded in improving children's basic literacy skills and providing emotional support for the elderly, as well as strengthening social relationships in the community. Through this experience, students developed social skills and empathy, while the community felt the positive impact of student involvement. This article emphasizes the importance of collaboration between the academic world and local communities in realizing effective and sustainable empowerment.

This research examines the role of Pura Siwa Jagat Karana as the orientation center of the Balinese Hindu community in Ternate City, functioning not only as a place of worship but also as a hub for social and cultural activities. The study aims to describe the role of Pura Siwa Jagat Karana in the religious, social, and cultural life of the Balinese Hindu community and to analyze the challenges faced in sustaining its existence within a multicultural society. The research employs Emile Durkheim’s Structural Functionalism theory, emphasizing the role of religious institutions in maintaining social integration. A qualitative approach was applied, using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that Pura Siwa Jagat Karana functions as a spiritual center, a medium for preserving Balinese culture, and a means of strengthening solidarity and identity of the Balinese Hindu community. Nevertheless, the temple faces several challenges, including limited accessibility for worshippers, changes in management, insufficient ritual facilities, dynamics in priest leadership, and constrained resources. Despite these obstacles, the temple continues to serve as a symbol of harmony and a space for interfaith dialogue that fosters peace in the heterogeneous society of Ternate.

This research examines the role of Pura Siwa Jagat Karana as the orientation center of the Balinese Hindu community in Ternate City, functioning not only as a place of worship but also as a hub for social and cultural activities. The study aims to describe the role of Pura Siwa Jagat Karana in the religious, social, and cultural life of the Balinese Hindu community and to analyze the challenges faced in sustaining its existence within a multicultural society. The research employs Emile Durkheim’s Structural Functionalism theory, emphasizing the role of religious institutions in maintaining social integration. A qualitative approach was applied, using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that Pura Siwa Jagat Karana functions as a spiritual center, a medium for preserving Balinese culture, and a means of strengthening solidarity and identity of the Balinese Hindu community. Nevertheless, the temple faces several challenges, including limited accessibility for worshippers, changes in management, insufficient ritual facilities, dynamics in priest leadership, and constrained resources. Despite these obstacles, the temple continues to serve as a symbol of harmony and a space for interfaith dialogue that fosters peace in the heterogeneous society of Ternate.

The sulang-sulang hariapan tradition is a significant cultural heritage of the Batak Toba community that embodies values of love, respect for elders, family reconciliation, equitable inheritance distribution, and leadership regeneration. The ritual is traditionally performed by offering food to parents who have reached the status of saur matua, symbolizing gratitude and respect. It is also accompanied by requests for blessings, advice, and public acknowledgment of mistakes, thus fostering peace, forgiveness, and social harmony within the community. However, in contemporary practice, the meaning of this tradition has gradually shifted toward a more formalized ceremony that emphasizes social status rather than its original spiritual and communal values. This study employs descriptive qualitative methods, combining field research with theological reflection, to examine how the values inherent in sulang-sulang hariapan can be understood in the light of the Gospel. The findings indicate that the tradition has profound potential to serve as a contextual medium for Christian faith expression. Therefore, it is crucial to revitalize its theological meaning so that the tradition remains relevant and transformative in strengthening family bonds and nurturing leadership in the modern era.

The integration of charismata and stewardship serves as a foundational framework for transformative leadership that is relevant to the contemporary church. This study examines how the synergy between charismatic expression and stewardship practices can strengthen church leadership that is transformative, inclusive, and adaptive to the challenges of the present age. The research employs a literature review and case study approach, accompanied by thematic analysis of interview data and relevant documents. The findings indicate that the integration of charismata and stewardship fosters positive change within the life of the church and the wider community, while also supporting spiritual growth and active congregational engagement in ministry. The theological and practical implications of this integration are far-reaching, contributing both to the reinforcement of Christian leadership identity and to encouraging churches to develop leadership models that are transformative, innovative, and creative.