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This study aims to describe the role of the concept of taqwa in Islamic education as a moral guide to achieve the ultimate goal of human education. Taqwa, as one of the core concepts in Islam, has a profound meaning and is very influential in shaping the character of individuals who believe and are responsible in the life of this world and the hereafter. Islamic education seeks to form human beings who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have high spiritual awareness. The concept of taqwa in Islamic education integrates spiritual, moral, and intellectual aspects that include practicing the teachings of Allah in daily life, social interaction, and achieving balanced life goals between this world and the hereafter. This study uses a library research method by analyzing various literature related to taqwa in the perspective of Islamic education, including interpretation of the Qur'an, hadith, and Islamic education books. The results of the study show that the application of taqwa values in education is expected to form a generation that is not only successful in this world, but also survived in the hereafter. Therefore, Islamic education based on the concept of taqwa aims to create individuals who have a balance between worldly intelligence and spiritual depth, so that they can achieve worldly happiness and salvation in the hereafter.

This journal examines the concept of salvation (soteriology) from the perspective of Reformed theology with a special focus on the doctrine of Sola Gratia. This research uses doctrinal and historical analysis methods to investigate the development of understanding of the gift of salvation from the time of the Reformation to contemporary interpretations. The research results show that the doctrine of Sola Gratia remains relevant in modern theological discourse and provides an important foundation for an understanding of salvation that is centered on God's sovereignty.

The Gospel of Luke portrays Jesus as a universal Saviour who brings salvation to all people, regardless of race, social status, or culture. Through a narrative that emphasises love, inclusivity, and social justice, Luke shows that Jesus' mission is to save the lost, as written in Luke 19:10. Salvation in this gospel includes not only spiritual liberation from sin, but also social and physical transformation. In parables such as the Good Samaritan and the Prodigal Son, as well as His interaction with Zacchaeus, Jesus showed special concern for the poor, marginalised groups, and sinners. Jesus' inclusive approach transcends ethnic and cultural boundaries, affirming that salvation is available to all nations, as expressed in Luke 2:30-32 and Luke 1:50-55. Salvation in Luke includes life transformation that affects the heart, behaviour and social relationships. The gospel also emphasises that God's universal love drives the Church to be an inclusive community that serves all, regardless of background. Thus, Luke conveys a broad idea of salvation, which not only restores people's relationship with God, but also transforms the way we live together through love, justice and solidarity.

The Protestant Reformation, initiated by Martin Luther in the 16th century, was a pivotal event in Christian history that shook the structure of the Catholic Church and had a profound impact on many aspects of life. This movement arose from dissatisfaction with church practices believed to be in conflict with Biblical teachings, such as the sale of indulgences. Through his 95 Theses, Luther emphasized that salvation could only be achieved through faith (sola fide) and that the Bible was the sole source of authority (sola scriptura). These teachings led to a split between the Catholic Church and Protestantism, sparking a broader theological reformation across Europe. Beyond its theological influence, the Protestant Reformation also brought about significant social, political, and cultural changes. Luther's teachings on the importance of education and literacy encouraged the translation of the Bible into local languages, allowing the faithful to access the Scriptures directly. The Reformation also introduced the concept of religious freedom and reshaped the relationship between church and state, with several countries adopting Protestantism as their official religion. Overall, the Protestant Reformation not only transformed the church's structure but also had a major impact on the development of Western social and political systems, creating new concepts of individual freedom and religious authority.

The understanding of Christology among Christians is often ambigued. Some believe that Jesus only had a divine nature without a human nature, while others believe that Jesus was just an ordinary man. Therefore, it is very important for believers to have a proper understanding of Jesus Christ, which is based on the truth of God's Word, so that their faith is firm and in accordance with the teachings of the Bible. In this article “Christology in the Gospel of John: Jesus as the Way, the Truth, and the Life” can include the understanding that the Gospel of John emphasizes the identity of Jesus as the only way to salvation, the absolute truth, and the source of eternal life. In this context, Jesus is presented as the link between humanity and God, offering a deep understanding of spiritual and existential relationships. Through His statements, such as “I am the way, the truth, and the life,” the Gospel of John describes Jesus' mission of saving mankind and reveals God's loving nature.

The purpose of this study is to understand Romans 12:-2 from a hermeneutic point of view, especially in relation to the concept of "renewal of the mind" as the key to spiritual transformation in the Christian life. Paul emphasizes the importance of a profound inner change in order to be in harmony with God's will, which is not only a change in behavior, but also a change in mindset influenced by God's Word. Paul's letter to the church in Rome, written to the church in Rome, teaches about salvation through faith and the relationship between the Law and faith in Christ. In Romans 12:2, Paul exhorts believers not to follow worldly values, but to have experiences that renew their minds so that they understand God's will. This hermeneutic interpretation suggests that the renewal of the mind leads believers to live differently from the norms of the world, which affects all aspects of daily life, including relationships with others. However, challenges arise from cultural influences, world customs, and personal weaknesses that hinder change. The results of this study show that the transformation of the heart and mind that Paul teaches is an ongoing spiritual journey that requires dedication, discipline, and patience. This change enables believers to live according to God's good, pleasing and perfect will and bear witness to the world in the truth.

This article discusses Jesus Christ's sacrifice on the cross as evidence of human atonement and its relevance to believers today. From the perspective of Christian faith, this event is considered a central point in the history of salvation, demonstrating divine grace and justice. Through a search of the meaning of Christ's sacrifice, this article provides a broad understanding of the meaning of Christ's suffering for man's atonement and explains how Christ's sacrifice is concrete evidence of unconditional love and the divine will to blot out human sin. Through the analysis of the meaning of redemption worked out by Jesus Christ, which will expand the theoretical basis of the purpose of Jesus' sacrifice on the cross. This article also provides a theory of the importance of understanding Christ's sacrifice on the cross, thus becoming a reference for believers in terms of faith and belief that through Christ's sacrifice brings redemption to believers. Meanwhile, the relevance of Christ's sacrifice on the cross will also affect several aspects of the believer's life, namely in terms of faith, confession, and holy living. In writing this article, a qualitative approach method is used with a literature study method. The search for the meaning of Christ's sacrifice can be studied from several perspectives, namely the theological perspective, the moral perspective and the psychologist's perspective. From a theological perspective, Christ's sacrifice is a form of God's love for man, so He sent His Son, Jesus Christ, as a sacrifice to redeem believers. So that the work of salvation done by Jesus Christ leads to a victory for believers because they have been redeemed and freed from the power of death, and also becomes a means of improving the relationship between man and God. From a moral perspective, it can be understood that Christ's sacrifice on the cross is an example of sacrifice and an example of love for believers. Thus, this article contributes to the understanding of Christ's sacrifice on the cross as a form of human atonement, and enriches the spiritual life of believers and strengthens faith, motivates spiritual life, and clarifies the moral principles underlying the Christian life.

This type of research is qualitative research and aims to provide an understanding of salvation in John 3:16 and God's promise of salvation to every believer. Salvation comes from the Greek word 'sozo' which means to save, liberate, preserve, preserve and heal. When related to humans, salvation is healing from death or maintaining life. Where the first humans created by God were Adam and Eve in a holy state without sin. Humans were created by God to be given the freedom to choose what is good and what is bad. But humans choose the wrong path so that humans' relationship with God is severed and spiritually they experience death. For this reason, salvation is needed by humans who have experienced spiritual death. And salvation is received by everyone because of grace and it is God's action to make humans receive eternal life again. This research also examines the eternal nature of salvation for believers, as well as how God's promise of salvation brings hope and certainty to His people. In conclusion, John 3:16 offers a view of salvation as God's eternal gift, given to every believer in Jesus Christ and is the basis for Christian faith in God's redemptive love.

This research explores the theological and economic value of Ulos as one of the local wisdom of the Batak people. Ulos, which is a traditional woven cloth, not only functions as body protection, but also contains rich symbolic meaning in various traditional ceremonies, reflecting love, prayer and hope. This study emphasizes the role of Ulos in reflecting Gospel values, such as love and salvation, and links them to theological responsibility in the context of economic activity. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, which involves interviews and observations of Ulos craftsmen. The main focus is on the challenges this tradition faces in the modern era, while highlighting the need to empower artisans to utilize digital marketing. In this way, Ulos is understood as a means of preserving local culture as well as enlivening the values of the Kingdom of God in society.  

The tradition of planting Tembuni (ari-ari) and preserving babies in Lampung culture is a form of local wisdom that still survives today, with a deep symbolic meaning as a hope for safety and happiness for newborn babies. This research aims to understand the meaning, spiritual values ​​and symbolism in the procession of planting tembuni and baby salvation. Qualitative research methods with an ethnographic approach were used through in-depth interviews with the community, traditional leaders and traditional birth attendants, as well as direct observation and literature review. The results of the research show that this tradition has a spiritual meaning that reflects a harmonious relationship with ancestors and nature, and is believed to have a positive influence on the baby's character as it is hoped that he will be a child who is respectful, not fussy, and has good luck in life. It can be concluded that this tradition not only contains spiritual and moral values, but also functions as social learning that strengthens the cultural identity and togetherness of the ultramodern Lampung community.

Islam is a divine religion that contains the law of Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى, the Lord of the universe. Islamic teachings are universal and intended for all creatures both on earth and in the sky. In addition, Islamic teachings are flexible (easily adapted) according to the development of the times. In the modern era like today, there are many conveniences that humans can feel as a result of the development of technology and information. This can have positive and negative impacts on human life. If humans cannot control their behavior in this modern life, humans can fall into the abyss of humiliation and disgrace. That is why religion plays a very important role in guiding humans, especially in this modern era. This study aims to discuss how Islam guarantees safety in life in the world and in the hereafter in the context of modern life. This discussion is intended to find out how humans should behave, in order to achieve safety in life not only in the world, but also safety in the hereafter. This study uses a literature study method, where researchers obtain data from library sources such as books, journals and other scientific publications. Data from these sources are then analyzed and concluded in order to obtain accurate data. The results of this study indicate that straight Faith and Tawhid are the keys to salvation in the world and the hereafter.

This article explores Paul's theology, focusing on inner transformation in the context of the Christian life. A literature review and analysis of Paul's key verses is used to reimagine the concepts of salvation, life in the Spirit, and new identity in Christ. Through an explorative approach, this journal explores Paul's transformative and practical theology. Two case studies illustrate the concrete impact of Paul's theology in the lives of individuals and church communities. Key conclusions include salvation as a foundation for transformation, moral and practical realization, and the importance of personal experience with Christ. The results of this research open a new understanding of the application of Paul's theology in the daily lives of Christians, contributing to the learning and application of theological concepts in daily spiritual practice.

Respect for ancestors is a key aspect of Chinese culture, expressed through the practice of Kong Tek, a ritual ceremony that includes prayers, offerings, and the burning of symbolic items to support the well-being of ancestral spirits in the afterlife. In contrast, Christian theology emphasizes salvation through faith in Jesus Christ and prohibits practices that involve contact with spirits. This journal analyzes the differences and similarities between Christian teachings and Kong Tek practices and offers advice for Chinese Christians in balancing their faith and culture.

This study aims to examine the life and influence of Simon Petrus, one of the closest disciples of Jesus Christ, in the context of Christian theology. From an ordinary fisherman, Petrus  underwent a significant transformation into an early Church leader, marked by the change of his name to "Petrus," meaning "rock." This study explores Petrus important role in the spread of the gospel and the development of Christian doctrine, as well as the impact of his teachings on the understanding of Christian faith today. The method used is a qualitative approach with an analysis of literature, including biblical texts and relevant theological sources. The findings show that Petrus experience of denying Jesus and his restoration after Jesus' resurrection reflect human vulnerability and the power of forgiveness. Petrus teaching on salvation through faith is the basis for many Christian doctrines, including the concepts of redemption and eternal life. This study concludes that a deeper understanding of Petrus authority and role in various Christian traditions can provide valuable insights for modern church practice, as well as emphasize the importance of forgiveness and perseverance in faith for Christians today.  

Knowledge plays a central role in Islamic teachings, both as a means to achieve worldly success and salvation in the afterlife. This study aims to examine the virtue of knowledge as the key to worldly and afterlife success based on the perspective of the Qur'an and hadith. The method used is a literature review with a thematic interpretation approach and hadith analysis to examine the verses of the Qur'an and hadiths related to knowledge. The results of the study show that the Qur'an and hadith firmly place knowledge in a very high position, with knowledge being the main factor that elevates human status, both in the world and in the afterlife. In Surah Al-Mujadilah verse 11, Allah SWT states that He will elevate the status of those who have knowledge, while the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad SAW emphasize that knowledge is the path to heaven and good deeds whose rewards continue to flow. Knowledge not only leads to worldly achievements such as social, economic, and technological progress, but also becomes the main foundation for carrying out worship properly and obtaining happiness in the afterlife.

Confusion among Christians about the concept of salvation by God through Jesus Christ can disrupt their faith. Therefore, churches need to develop anticipatory strategies to overcome this phenomenon, one of which is through preaching. Effective faith-building preaching should be Christocentric, focusing on Jesus as the center of teaching. To achieve this, two conditions must be met: first, a hermeneutic perspective oriented towards Jesus, since this will influence the homiletic methods used; second, biblical readings that support that focus, in which the lexionary is designed to be gospel-centered. Finding the relationship between Christocentric hermeneutics and lexionary is essential to assess the extent to which these two elements can strengthen the faith of the congregation. Biblical and field research shows that both Jesus and his disciples applied a Christocentric approach to Bible reading and teaching. Luke 24:25-27 shows that Jesus is the central figure of the preaching in the Torah, the prophets, and the Psalms. Because in Luke 24:44 Jesus emphasizes the importance of reading the Bible with a Christocentric perspective. Colossians 1:15-20 is an example that shows the connection of this perspective to the theme of God's creation and salvation. The results of the study also showed that the cristocentric perspective was valid both in the context of Christian hermeneutics and in general, with survey analysis showing a positive correlation between Christocentric hermeneutics and lexionary sermons intended for congregations.

The doctrine of Christ or Christology is the core part of Christian teaching that studies the person and work of Jesus Christ. As the core of the Christian faith, Christology discusses who Jesus is, both in His divinity as the Son of God and in His humanity who was present in the world to atone for human sins. A correct understanding of Christology is very important because it influences how Christians understand salvation, the sacrifice on the cross, and the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. However, in an increasingly modern and pluralistic era, this doctrine often faces quite complex challenges.

This study focuses on the concept of salvation by grace as taught in Romans 3:23-26 and its relevance to the understanding of the GKPPD congregation today. Through a literature review with a theological approach, it was found that the doctrine of salvation by grace is the core of Christian teaching. In this passage, the Apostle Paul explains that all humans have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). However, salvation is given through redemption in Christ Jesus, not as a result of human effort, but as a gift of God alone (Romans 3:24). Salvation is given through faith in the blood of Christ which redeems and takes away sin (Romans 3:25). In the context of the congregation today, the understanding of salvation by grace remains relevant. Many GKPPD congregations are still trapped in trying to obtain salvation through or obedience to the law, even though Romans 3:23-26 emphasizes the importance of faith in Christ's redemptive work. This study highlights that teaching about God's grace should foster a sense of gratitude, humility, and commitment to living in faith, not in fear or legalism. This study confirms that the concept of salvation through grace is the center of Christian faith teachings that need to continue to be lived and conveyed in the lives of the GKPPD congregation today and increase theological knowledge about the concept of salvation and can be a reference for theology students and reading materials in the IAKN Tarutung library.

This article discusses the current views of pluralism and exclusivism among churches in Papua, focusing on how these concepts are understood and applied in the diverse social, cultural and religious context of Papua. Pluralism recognizes religious diversity and opens space for interfaith dialogue and cooperation, while exclusivism emphasizes that salvation can only be achieved through faith in Jesus Christ. In the context of Papua, which consists of various tribes, customary traditions, and religions, churches face challenges in determining attitudes towards pluralism and exclusivism, which have an impact on interfaith relations and social dynamics in the region. The purpose of this study is to analyze how pluralism and exclusivism affect the role of churches in Papua in dealing with religious and cultural diversity. It also aims to reveal the different views among the more pluralist and exclusivist churches and how these views shape their strategies in building relationships with other communities in Papua.

This research aims to explore and understand the role and duties of the Parish Pastoral Council in pastoral care and Church service in the Catholic Church. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with data collection techniques using documentary research, observation, documents and interviews. The data obtained was analyzed qualitatively through data analysis techniques. Research steps include conversations with informants, creating informant profiles, identifying themes, reflections, implications, synthesis, perspectives, or possibilities that will emerge. In order for the parish to grow and develop, we hope to help everyone to be more active, especially those who are on a journey of service and visits, so that their faith and hope become stronger and achieve eternal salvation, so that they better understand the meaning of the Parish. content of the teachings of the Catholic Church. The results obtained from this research show that the parish pastoral council, especially in the Parish of Saint-Pierre and Paul Ampah, really plays a very important role and that the parish pastoral council is very much needed in parishes, especially in parish pastoral services. Parish Church. and assisting the priest in his duties and ministry serving the parishioners.