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Modern women face layered complexities of challenges in navigating life in the contemporary era. Through an in-depth analysis of the character Hana as a representation of contemporary women, this article explores the dynamics of internal struggles encompassing aspects of hope, psychological trauma, and the search for spiritual meaning. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with narrative analysis to understand the psychosocial phenomena experienced by urban Indonesian women. The research results show that modern women experience a continuous dilemma between social expectations, personal aspirations, and spiritual needs, which is reflected in the life journey of the character Hana. These findings make an important contribution to understanding the construction of Indonesian women's identity in the 21st century.

The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) has a very important role in providing religious and social guidance for Muslims in Indonesia. The history of the MUI began in 1975, with the aim of strengthening the unity of Muslims and issuing fatwas in accordance with Islamic teachings. Over time, the MUI has developed into a very influential institution in determining religious policies in Indonesia. One of the main commissions in the MUI is the Fatwa Commission, which is tasked with issuing fatwas related to current religious issues, especially in facing the challenges of the times and social problems that continue to develop. This study aims to explore the urgency of the role of the MUI Fatwa Commission in issuing fatwas that are in accordance with the needs of the Indonesian people. In addition, this study also discusses the istinbath method applied by the MUI Fatwa Commission in issuing fatwas, as well as its application to contemporary issues. This istinbath method refers to the process of deriving law from the main sources of Islam, such as the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma', and Qiyas, taking into account the existing social context and dynamics. The results of the study show that the MUI Fatwa Commission has a very great urgency in responding to various problems of Muslims, especially those related to modern issues such as sharia economics, technology, and health issues. Through the istinbath method, the MUI has succeeded in providing fatwas that are not only based on classical texts, but are also relevant to current developments. For example, in the matter of sharia economics, the MUI has issued a fatwa that supports the sharia financial system while still paying attention to the applicable fiqh rules.

As we know, Islamic law is known to have a flexible and dynamic nature, allowing for changes and renewal in accordance with the development of the times and the needs of the people. In this context, the rules of fiqh play an important role as a methodological basis in conducting legal istinbath on contemporary issues. This study aims to examine the rules of fiqh that are relevant in supporting legal change and renewal, such as the rule of "al-ḥukmu yadūru ma‘a al-‘illah wujūdan wa ‘adaman", "lā yunkar taghayyur al-aḥkām bi taghayyur al-azminah wa al-amkinah", and other rules that accommodate social change. The method applied in this study is qualitative-descriptive by utilizing a literature study approach. Data collection was conducted through a literature review of books on Islamic jurisprudence, both classical and modern, as well as secondary sources including books, journals, and related scientific works. The data analysis process was conducted descriptively-analystically with the aim of revealing the meaning and application of Islamic jurisprudence principles related to changes and innovations in Islamic law.

This research aims to design an Islamic Boarding School (Ponpes) with a sustainable architecture approach that is able to answer environmental, social, and economic challenges holistically. The method used is a qualitative-descriptive approach through architectural design research, which combines empirical data from the field with theoretical studies from relevant literature. The design location is on Jl. Gunungpati Raya, Nongkosawit Village, Gunungpati District, Semarang City, with an area of ±19,909.77 m². Data collection techniques include literature study, site observation, and comparative design study. Data were analyzed descriptively and spatially to formulate user needs and site potential. The design results show that the sustainable architecture approach can be implemented through functional layout, passive energy utilization, vegetation preservation, rainwater management, and waste recycling system. The design also accommodates social and economic aspects through the provision of organic farming areas and small farms as part of practice-based education. Contemporary Islamic architectural aesthetics are applied contextually, creating a healthy, inclusive, and adaptive learning environment. This research produces a sustainable pesantren design concept that can be a reference model in the development of environmentally friendly and self-reliance-based Islamic educational institutions..

Religious gaslighting is a form of psychological manipulation that uses religious authority and teachings to question or doubt a person's perceptions, emotions, and experiences, so that the victim feels guilty or unfaithful. In the context of the Muslim community, this practice can occur when religious understanding is used narrowly and authoritarianly, suppressing freedom of thought, and perpetuating power imbalances—both in family relationships, communities, and religious institutions. This article examines the phenomenon of religious gaslighting from the perspective of critical Islamic education, with the aim of dismantling manipulative patterns wrapped in religious narratives. The approach used is qualitative-descriptive with literature analysis of classical and contemporary Islamic sources, as well as interdisciplinary studies in the fields of religious psychology and educational philosophy. The results of the study show that religious gaslighting is not only a matter of individual morals, but also part of an authoritarian social and cultural structure that needs to be countered through liberating (ta'dib) and transformative Islamic education. Islamic education based on the values ​​of justice (al-‘adl), compassion (rahmah), and deliberation can be a critical tool for building a healthy spiritual awareness and freeing people from the shackles of manipulative authority. Thus, education has a central role in forming a generation of Muslims who are able to distinguish between the authenticity of Islamic teachings and their misuse in the practice of power.    

The Social studies has an important role in education, namely understanding the wider social world so that students are able to face the challenges of global issues. This research explores the transformation of social studies learning in the modern era, focusing on contemporary global issues such as climate change, geopolitical conflicts, economic disparities, health problems, and human rights violations. Through a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature study, this research examines the urgency of social studies education transformation in responding to these issues. The results show that social studies education needs to adopt more interactive and technology-based learning methods, integrate character values, improve digital literacy, and incorporate global issues into the curriculum, the key role of teachers as facilitators and continuous evaluation to ensure the effectiveness of the transformation. This study concludes that a comprehensive transformation of social studies learning is essential to prepare the younger generation to be responsible global citizens and able to contribute to a better society.  

This article explores the challenges and opportunities faced by the authority of the Bible in the context of postmodern culture. Postmodernism—characterized by truth relativism, the deconstruction of meaning, and skepticism toward institutions—has significantly shifted society’s perception of authoritative texts, including Scripture. Drawing on key thinkers such as Lyotard, Derrida, Vanhoozer, and Grenz, the study examines how biblical authority is no longer universally accepted but interpreted through the lens of individual subjectivity and personal experience. In response to this shift, the article proposes several constructive hermeneutical approaches—contextual, narrative, communal, and pneumatological—that allow Christians to remain faithful to divine revelation while addressing the needs of contemporary culture. It also emphasizes the importance of embodied witness and the role of the church as a community of interpretation that brings the authority of the Bible to life in practical, relational, and socially relevant ways. Ultimately, this study concludes that although postmodernism questions claims of absolute truth, it also provides a meaningful space for the church to reimagine how Scripture can be lived out and communicated effectively in a changing world.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Bible study worship in shaping Christian character among Naposo Bulung (church youth) at HKI Resort Khusus Sidikalang Kota. Field observations revealed that many youth were not fully engaged in worship activities, often distracted by mobile phones, chatting during services, and showing a lack of appreciation for spiritual advice. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method using observation and interviews with active participants of Bible study worship. The results show that Bible study worship significantly contributes to enhancing worship discipline, deepening theological understanding, and developing Christian values such as love, forgiveness, humility, and spiritual responsibility. Despite challenges such as busy schedules and digital distractions, a contextual approach to Bible study effectively addresses both the spiritual and social needs of Naposo Bulung. Therefore, Bible study worship proves to be an effective means of holistic character formation for the church's younger generation—spiritually, morally, and socially. This activity should continue to be developed and adapted to contemporary contexts so that the church can shape resilient young people in faith and Christian character.

As a result of rapid technological progress, increased competition, and the global opening of markets, local markets have been flooded with a large number of foreign products of superior quality compared to local products. This has exposed Iraqi economic units to numerous pressures for various reasons, most notably the high cost of their products and the low quality of their products. This requires these units to seek solutions that lead to the provision of a high-quality product capable of competing with foreign products in terms of price and quality, thereby achieving customer satisfaction. Therefore, the research aims to integrate the two techniques of Attribute Based Costing and process reengineering and to demonstrate their role in improving product quality. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are The weakness of the costing system applied at the research sample factory, its failure to accurately monitor and identify cost elements throughout the product lifecycle, and the management's lack of interest and awareness in implementing contemporary costing techniques and their role in improving the quality of its products, thus ensuring their sustainability. The integration of specifications-based costing with process reengineering technology has added substantial improvements to product specifications, aligning them with customer requirements and needs, and leading to improved product quality.

Contemporary Islamic education is an educational concept that integrates Islamic values ​​with technological advances and the needs of the times. This study aims to understand the concept of contemporary Islamic education and its implementation in the Islamic education system. Contemporary education seeks to integrate Islamic teachings with the current modern education system. Contemporary Islamic education has several advantages, such as the ability to integrate Islamic values ​​with technological advances and the needs of the times. However, contemporary Islamic education also has several challenges, such as the ability to face rapid changes in the times such as the development of science and technology, globalization and social change, the need for quality education, integration of Islamic values, and Islamic educational institutions that can answer the challenges of the times.

The expository learning strategy in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) remains relevant as a classical Islamic scholarly heritage but requires creative transformation to address digital-age challenges. This article examines the implementation of expository strategies through literature study, analyzing philosophical foundations, effectiveness, contemporary challenges, and innovation models. The research reveals that expository strategies are effective for normative PAI materials but face complex challenges including shifting cognitive patterns of digital natives, decentralization of knowledge authority, and technological disparities. Various innovative models (interactive, contextual, multimedia, reflective) offer solutions by integrating traditional expository strengths with modern approaches. The study concludes that successful implementation requires paradigmatic reconstruction through "pedagogical ijtihad" balancing Islamic scholarly authenticity with 21st-century learning needs. PAI teachers must master three core competencies: depth of religious knowledge, pedagogical sophistication, and technological literacy. 

Organisms and their natural environments are inherently connected and interdependent, with humans relying extensively on natural resources to meet daily needs and sustain life. Among them, indigenous communities maintain a distinctive relationship with their surroundings, guided by traditional ecological knowledge passed down orally from generation to generation. This body of knowledge, known as local wisdom, is deeply embedded within the natural, social, and cultural contexts of each community and plays a vital role in ensuring their long-term survival and well-being. The present study aims to examine the current socio-cultural conditions of customary law communities in three indigenous villages of Jayapura City—Kayu Batu, Kayo Pulau, and Skouw Yambe. Specifically, it seeks to identify the types of local wisdom practiced within these communities and to assess the efforts undertaken to preserve such traditions. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing multiple data collection techniques, including direct observation, in-depth interviews with community leaders and members, and literature review of related studies and historical accounts. The findings indicate that, despite increasing pressures from modernization, urban expansion, and external cultural influences, these communities continue to implement local wisdom in managing and protecting their natural environment and resources. This includes sustainable harvesting practices, customary rules for resource allocation, seasonal restrictions to allow ecosystem regeneration, and culturally embedded conservation rituals. The endurance of these practices is supported by the functioning of customary institutions, strong kinship ties, community protocols, and collective decision-making mechanisms that integrate environmental considerations. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the environmental stewardship, resource management practices, and cultural identity of these three customary communities remain actively upheld. This resilience underscores the critical importance of safeguarding indigenous knowledge systems as a foundation for environmental sustainability and cultural preservation in the face of contemporary socio-economic change.

The position of the mahram in Islamic marriage law is an important aspect that regulates who can be married and who cannot. Mahrams are divided into two categories: mahram mu'abbad and mahram ghairu mu'abbad. Initially, this law was based on tradition and nasab, but in the contemporary context, the understanding of mahram needs to be adapted to societal developments and practical needs without ignoring sharia principles. This journal will analyze the position of the mahram in Islamic marriage law, between tradition and contemporary needs.

Misyar marriage is a form of marriage that emerged in Muslim society, where both parties agree to waive some of the rights and obligations that usually exist in traditional marriages, such as maintenance and housing. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of Misyar marriage from the perspective of Islamic law, the objectives of sharia (maqashid asy-syari’ah), and its impact in social and moral contexts. The study was conducted using a normative approach to sources of Islamic law, such as the Qur'an, hadith, and the views of contemporary scholars. The results of the study indicate that Misyar marriage is valid according to sharia because it fulfills the pillars and requirements of marriage, such as ijab, qabul, guardian, witnesses, and dowry. However, scholars have different opinions regarding its law. Yusuf Qardhawi and Wahbah Zuhaili allow Misyar marriage on the condition that the wife is willing to waive her rights, while Muhammad Az-Zuhaili forbids it because it is considered contrary to the main purpose of marriage, which is to build a harmonious, just, and affectionate family. Meanwhile, Ibn Uthaymeen took a tawaqquf (cautious) position because even though it is valid, Misyar marriage has the potential to deviate from the maqashid asy-syari’ah. This study concludes that although Misyar marriage can be a pragmatic solution in certain situations, such as to meet biological needs or certain social conditions, this practice tends to raise ethical issues, injustice, and harm women. Therefore, it is recommended that couples considering Misyar marriage understand its implications in depth and seek solutions that are more in line with the principles of justice and harmony in Islam.

The design of a family room with a contemporary concept aims to create a comfortable, functional, and aesthetic space according to the needs of the user. The contemporary concept prioritizes a simple, clean, and flexible design by combining modern materials such as glass, metal, and concrete with natural elements such as wood and stone. The selection of neutral colors is combined with bold color accents to give a dynamic impression. The layout of the room is designed to be efficient with comfortable circulation and the use of minimalist and multifunctional furniture. Natural lighting is maximized through the use of large openings, supported by warm artificial lighting to create a comfortable atmosphere. The integration of smart home technology is also applied to increase the comfort and ease of use of the space. The design results are expected to produce a family room that is modern, functional, and supports interaction between family members.

This study examines the issue of distributing inheritance rights in the context of religious differences among heirs, which is often a complex issue in Islamic law. In traditional fiqh, heirs of different religions are generally not entitled to receive a share of a Muslim's estate. However, the maqashid shari'ah approach, which focuses on the purpose and wisdom of shari'ah, opens up opportunities to reinterpret such rules in light of the principles of justice, beneficence and family harmony. This study aims to analyze how maqashid shari'ah can be applied to provide a solution to the issue of inheritance rights for heirs of different religions. Using normative research methods, this study identifies the relevance of maqashid shari'ah in maintaining social stability, avoiding conflict, and ensuring family welfare. One of the approaches discussed is the application of mandatory wills as a mechanism to provide financial rights to non-Muslim heirs without violating the basic principles of shari'ah. The results show that maqashid shari'ah offers flexibility in addressing contemporary challenges, including the issue of interfaith inheritance. This approach not only emphasizes the importance of maintaining family relationships, but also creates a balance between normative justice and the practical needs of modern society.Thus,maqashid shari'ah becomes a relevant framework to answer inheritance issues in the context of religious differences.  

This research examines the morphological aspects of Indonesian with a focus on the process of word formation and changes in morphological structure in contemporary Indonesian language use. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze various morphological processes that occur in Indonesian word formation, as well as to reveal productive patterns of word formation in the development of modern Indonesian. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a morphological approach. Data was collected using skill-free listening (SBLC), note-taking techniques and documentation techniques from various written sources. Data analysis was carried out using the agih method using the technique for direct elements (BUL), loss technique, replace technique, and expand technique. The results of the research show that: (1) the affixation process is the most productive morphological process in Indonesian word formation, (2) new patterns were found in the reduplication process which reflect the dynamics of language development, (3) the composition process shows a tendency to form compound words which increasingly complex along with modern communication needs. This research provides theoretical contributions in the development of Indonesian language morphology studies and practical implications for Indonesian language learning.

This study aims to explore how the integration of the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma', and Qiyas becomes the main foundation in building a sharia economic framework that is relevant to modern challenges. The Qur'an, as the main source of Islamic law, provides holistic and transformative guidelines, while the Sunnah serves as an explanation and reinforcement of the principles contained in the Qur'an. On the other hand, Ijma' and Qiyas play a crucial role in formulating new laws that are not explicitly mentioned in the sacred texts, thus enabling the application of sharia in the context of contemporary economic problems that continue to develop. This study uses a literature study approach to analyze various theoretical and empirical perspectives related to the application of the four sources of law in sharia economics. The research findings show that the integration of the four sources of Islamic law not only forms a strong normative basis but also provides an understanding in responding to the needs of modern society. In this way, sharia economics can accommodate the principles of justice, poverty, and inclusiveness, which are the essence of building an economic system oriented towards collective welfare. In addition, this study critiques the challenges in implementing sharia principles, especially in the process of interpretation and adaptation to global dynamics. The limitations of conventional methodologies in integrating legal sources often become obstacles in creating solutions that are appropriate to local and global contexts. Therefore, this study suggests the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration between scholars, economists, and policy makers to ensure that sharia economics can develop consistently and relevantly to the needs of the times. These findings not only enrich academic discourse but also provide practical contributions in efforts to build a more just, sustainable, and Islamic-value-based economic order.