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This research is motivated by: 1) the existence of various facts which show that students' reading comprehension abilities and reading motivation are relatively low; 2) the ability to find the main idea in a paragraph is very important in understanding a reading text. This research was carried out to determine the effect of the motivation-based Scaffolded Reading method on improving students' learning outcomes in finding the main idea in a paragraph. The research was carried out in class IX-C of SMPN 2 Balaraja. The method used in the research is an experimental method with a quantitative approach.  After knowing the results of data analysis that the application of the scaffolded reading method is effective in improving the ability to find the main idea in a paragraph, it is best to use this technique as an alternative learning technique in learning reading comprehension to improve reading skills.

Abstract. The baby's social emotional development must be a parent's main goal, because if social emotional development does not go well it will affect and hinder other developments such as psychomotor, emotional and other baby development. This research uses a method called critical review, which involves careful examination and evaluation of various sources of information, such as scientific journals, articles, and other media. The main goal of this approach is to improve readers' comprehension and interpretation skills in the field of early childhood development. Infancy is a time of rapid growth and change, infancy is a time of reduced dependency. The developmental tasks of infancy throughout the life span are, learning to eat solid food, learning to walk, learning to talk, learning to control the elimination of body waste, learning sexual differences and procedures, preparing to read, and learning to distinguish right from wrong, and starting to develop conscience. The development of patterns in the changes experienced by individuals since they were still in the womb over a certain life span, namely, weight, height, physical proportions, bones, muscles and fat, body shape, teeth, nervous system, and development of the sense organs. The psychological function of infancy is the period of formation of fundamental psychological patterns for eating, sleeping, and toileting, although the formation of these habits may not be complete by the end of infancy.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has become a significant approach in the realm of education aimed at enhancing students' abilities to solve real-world problems. This paper delves into the integration of PBL within curriculum planning as an endeavor to create a more meaningful and pertinent learning environment for students. PBL amalgamates theoretical concepts with practical applications in problem-solving, enabling students to hone critical thinking, creativity, and collaborative skills. This research scrutinizes strategies for implementing PBL within curriculum planning, encompassing the identification of curriculum-relevant issues, structuring structured learning steps, and evaluating learning outcomes. The success of PBL within the curriculum context hinges upon schools' and teachers' capacities to design adaptable and flexible curricula. Teachers assume a pivotal role as learning facilitators, guiding students in exploring problems, fostering collaboration, and nurturing profound comprehension. Furthermore, this study underscores the advantages of integrating PBL into the curriculum, including heightened student motivation, fortified problem-solving skills, and preparing students to confront real-world challenges.

Developing scientific literacy in students is the main objective of any reform in science education. Scientific literacy is one of the most significant competencies of the 21st century. One problem with science education in Indonesia is that students fail to give enough attention to the knowledge that has already been taught, which results in a lack of scientific comprehension. By observing how the student responded to the student's collaboration abilities during their chemical studies from the viewpoint of the chemical literacy teacher, the study was trying to figure out how well second-year students understood chemical literacy on the level of a problem. In order to ascertain high school chemical literacy, a descriptive research design and quantitative methodology were employed in the study. The interview guides and chemical literacy questionnaires, which provide data on students' understanding of chemical literacy, are the study's instruments. Students from high schools in cities and villages, both regular and vocational, are the subjects of the study. Studies show that 39% of respondents agreed that high school students had very little understanding of the concept of chemistry. It is further supported by the opinions of a few of the chemical teachers who teach the XI class.

The pair-check method is a novel instructional approach to enhance students' reading comprehension. The study aimed to examine the impact of applying the pair check method for teaching reading comprehension students at SMPN. The experimental group consisted of 30 students, while in the control group, 30 students received instruction without any specific reading method, relying solely on opening a dictionary. The sample comprised 20 students from class A and B as the sample. The control group was instructed by using reading method and the experimental group was taught by applying pair checks method. The pre-test and post-test scores were compared between the experimental and control groups. The results indicated that the experimental class exhibited significant improvement in both pre- and posttest scores, with a notable increase in the average score from 33.6 in the pretest to 33.32 in the posttest. In addition, the control class, employing traditional teaching methods, exhibited a substantial increase in posttest score, indicating noteworthy progress in learning outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of instructional methods in influencing student outcomes, with the pair-Check method emerging as a practical and effective tool for improving reading comprehension in the educational setting. Further research and analysis are recommended to delve deeper into the statistical significance of these observations and to inform future instructional strategies for optimizing student learning outcomes in the classroom.

Managers' primary responsibility is to boost the company's performance. With regards to hope hypothesis, the job of supervisors as leaders features the assumption that administrators who have adequate administrative information and abilities will actually want to reasonably tackle business issues. In the possibility aspect, this study investigates the impact of motivations and nonfinancial execution on administrative execution with the comprehension that administration approaches can affect administrative execution. The SMART-PLS application is used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the questionnaire data for the research method. The findings demonstrated that managerial performance was significantly influenced by incentives and nonfinancial performance, with organizational commitment unable to moderate the relationship.

Writing skills (maharah al-kitabah) are the highest of the four language skills. Writing is an activity that is related to the thinking process and expression skills in written form. Maharah Kitabah or also known as applied writing has a very important role in human life. Even in educational institutions, learning a foreign language is the main aim of writing skills. In general, writing skills have unique characteristics compared to other types of skills that have an impact on teaching methods. Therefore, every educator needs to look for effective writing teaching methods to improve student achievement. The most effective is the Total Physical Response method or known as Perfect Physical Response (TPR). In the 1960s, American psychologist James Asher developed the TPR method. This research uses a qualitative method, descriptive research type. In other words, this method provides comprehension practice through the use of physical drawing techniques during foreign language teaching at the initial level. This method has the following principles: First, teaching must reduce productive skills in language learning (spoken and written). Second, delay teaching speaking before the child's understanding has developed. Third, language skills acquired through hearing transfer to other skills (speaking, reading and writing). Fourth, teaching must emphasize the meaning of form.

One of the educational problems that occur in Indonesia is the low interest in reading of students, especially the ability to read foreign language texts that are still low. This service activity aims to improve the understanding of accounting students of Politeknik Negeri Semarang in understanding international articles. The implementation of the activity was carried out by the author in the work unit of the Politeknik Negeri Semarang, Department of Accounting. There are 4 activities carried out from the 1st to the 30th of August 2020, namely; 1) Pre-Test reading habits and understanding of students in reading and understanding international articles, 2) Creating teaching materials for virtual tutorials and simulations of reading international articles, 3) Creating international article analysis assignment procedures, 4) Post Test of reading habits and student understanding in reading and understanding international articles. The activity was attended by final semester students of the finance and banking study program with 71 participants from KP 3A, 3B, and 3C classes. During the implementation of the activity the author received support from superiors, fellow lecturers, students and education personnel in the Accounting Department so that all activities could be completed.

This qualitative study investigates the perspectives of 240 Semester 3 cadets at the Maritime Institute Jakarta (STIP Jakarta) regarding An Operational Approach to Maritime Cyber Resilience. Over three semesters, the research scrutinizes cadets' academic self-checked intelligence, perceived professional competences, motivations, and the interplay between language development and preparedness for global roles. The demographic diversity of the cadet sample, representing majors in Nautical, Technical, and Port and Shipping Management, ensures a comprehensive exploration of maritime education. The findings reveal a positive evolution in cadets' understanding of maritime cyber resilience, with a notable increase in academic self-checked intelligence. The curriculum's effectiveness in cultivating a nuanced comprehension of cyber threats is underscored by the enhanced professional competences perceived by cadets, indicating preparedness for the practical challenges in the maritime industry. Motivations and engagement exhibit a positive trajectory, from initial challenges to sustained interest, indicating the subject's growing relevance over time. The interconnected development of English language proficiency and subject mastery emphasizes the need for targeted language support within maritime education. The positive correlation between improved language fluency and a deeper understanding of maritime cyber resilience suggests the symbiotic relationship between linguistic and technical competence. The study's implications extend beyond STIP Jakarta, offering insights for refining maritime education globally. Recommendations encompass dynamic pedagogical approaches, continual curriculum evaluation, industry collaboration, and language enhancement initiatives. By embracing these recommendations, maritime education programmes can foster a resilient cadre of professionals adept at navigating the complexities of the modern maritime industry.

This qualitative study investigates the perspectives of 240 Semester 3 cadets at the Maritime Institute Jakarta (STIP Jakarta) regarding An Operational Approach to Maritime Cyber Resilience. Over three semesters, the research scrutinizes cadets' academic self-checked intelligence, perceived professional competences, motivations, and the interplay between language development and preparedness for global roles. The demographic diversity of the cadet sample, representing majors in Nautical, Technical, and Port and Shipping Management, ensures a comprehensive exploration of maritime education. The findings reveal a positive evolution in cadets' understanding of maritime cyber resilience, with a notable increase in academic self-checked intelligence. The curriculum's effectiveness in cultivating a nuanced comprehension of cyber threats is underscored by the enhanced professional competences perceived by cadets, indicating preparedness for the practical challenges in the maritime industry. Motivations and engagement exhibit a positive trajectory, from initial challenges to sustained interest, indicating the subject's growing relevance over time. The interconnected development of English language proficiency and subject mastery emphasizes the need for targeted language support within maritime education. The positive correlation between improved language fluency and a deeper understanding of maritime cyber resilience suggests the symbiotic relationship between linguistic and technical competence. The study's implications extend beyond STIP Jakarta, offering insights for refining maritime education globally. Recommendations encompass dynamic pedagogical approaches, continual curriculum evaluation, industry collaboration, and language enhancement initiatives. By embracing these recommendations, maritime education programmes can foster a resilient cadre of professionals adept at navigating the complexities of the modern maritime industry.

The purpose of this research is to develop innovative assessment methods in the context of modern Learning. In today's digital age, traditional approaches to learning assessment are often no longer sufficient to holistically assess student progress and success. Thus, this study proposes a more innovative and comprehensive assessment method that uses modern technology and considers students' individual needs. This study identified and tested promising new assessment tools and techniques through pilot projects, such as digital portfolios, peer assessment, and realistic simulations. In addition, this study also explores how technologies such as learning analytics can be used to provide more meaningful and timely feedback to students and teachers. The results of this study indicate that this innovative assessment method can improve student engagement, comprehension, and learning outcomes. These findings also suggest that teachers and educators can use technology and data to make more informed decisions about how to develop and implement assessment strategies. In conclusion, developing innovative assessment methods in modern learning environments is essential for more inclusive, adaptive, and practical education. By integrating technology and new assessment approaches, this research significantly contributes to our understanding of creating more effective and engaging assessment systems in this digital era.

Mathematics is a discipline characterized by its abstract nature and reliance on logical reasoning. Therefore, it is essential to choose a teaching method that facilitates students' comprehension of the subject matter and fosters their logical thinking abilities. The software is a suitable form of media for the latest advancements in technology. Presently, technology is advancing at a rapid pace and is not only utilized in daily life but can also be employed in the process of learning mathematics. Software facilitates students' comprehension of lessons by enabling them to effortlessly solve questions. Furthermore, the Maple Calculator program is a straightforward and practical tool. The Maple calculator software offers a range of tools to assist students in solving mathematical problems, including integrals and trigonometry. It provides numerous features and functionalities. It has the potential to assist students in resolving their difficulties and is anticipated to enhance students' motivation for studying mathematics. The objective of this publication is to examine the proper and accurate utilization of the Maple Calculator program.

This study aims to explore the role of scientific articles in the development of insight and critical thinking of students at Medan State University. The research method used a survey with 20 respondents. The results show that scientific articles are effective in deepening students' understanding and critical thinking skills. Despite challenges such as language comprehension, scientific articles remain a valuable tool in higher education, supporting students' preparation for a complex future.

The purpose of this research is to determine the development of reading interest in Shiva between classes, in student research through the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. The population used is all 3D class students at SDN I Surabaya. The instrument in this study uses quantitative descriptive analysis techniques by means of tests containing short stories to calculate the activeness of reading interest or understanding of students. The results showed that the interest in reading for 3D class students was quite good. Because during the Project Based Learning implementation activity, 3D class students were very active and familiar with the material about short stories that I had given.

Lack of reading comprehension skills can make motivation low, indeed in spite of the fact that one of the vital viewpoints that must be aced in rudimentary school instruction is nice perusing abilities. This think about points to depict the increment in inspiration for perusing comprehension abilities with the BACA (Learning to Examined) program. The method of literature study as a source of information and direct observation and observation to the field. Activity planning and implementation of activities there are main things that must be fulfilled to encourage student motivation in reading, namely: introducing the letters of the alphabet to students, teaching the pronunciation of vowels, teaching patent sentences in the middle and at the end, etc. Increasing motivation for reading skills with the BACA program has a positive impact on homeroom teachers and student guardians as well as students who take part in the program because the teaching and learning process is fun and not boring. However, the main role to encourage and encourage children is parents, because parental encouragement makes children feel closer and guiding children in the learning process at home can create good communication between children and parents.

This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) technique in enhancing reading comprehension among the eleventh-grade students at SMKN 1 Keruak during the academic year 2023-2024. A pre-experimental research design was employed, with 33 students from a single class serving as the sample. Data was collected through pre- and post-tests in the form of objective assessments, and analyzed for mean scores, standard deviation, normality, and homogeneity using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The findings revealed that the mean score for the pre-test was 14.12, which improved to 17.18 for the post-test. The two-tailed t-test resulted in t(df=32) = -15.750 with p=0.000, indicating a significant improvement. This suggests that the Collaborative Strategic Reading technique had a noteworthy impact in enhancing reading comprehension for the eleventh graders of SMKN 1 Keruak in the academic year 2023-2024.

Fakhirah Amalia Lukman. 2023. Improving Reading Comprehension Skills using the Sustained Silent Reading Method in Class IV UPT SPF SD Inpres Kelapa Tiga 1 Makassar. Thesis. Primary School Teacher Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This research aims to improve reading comprehension skills using the Sustained Silent Reading (SSR) method for class IV UPT SPF students at SD Inpres Kelapa Tiga 1 Makassar. The subjects used in this research were 23 students. This research procedure consists of 4 stages each cycle, namely planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. The indicator of reading comprehension in this research is the achievement of learning completeness. The data collection is an observation sheet and the final test of each cycle. The results of this research show that there is an increase in students' reading comprehension, namely in the first cycle of students' reading comprehension, an average score of 56.1 was obtained with a learning completeness of 26%. In cycle II the average score was 80.8 with learning completeness of 86.9%. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the Sustained Silent Reading (SSR) method can improve reading comprehension in class IV students at UPT SPF SD Inpres Kelapa Tiga 1 Makassar.  

The main aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the Inquiry technique in improving reading comprehension skills.   This study utilized a quantitative and pre-experimental methodology for the purpose of conducting tests. The pre-experimental design included two evaluations: an initial pre-test and a subsequent post-test carried out following the intervention. The study's sample size comprised 30 students in the eighth grade. The results demonstrated a significant rise in the scores achieved post-test, surpassing the scores achieved pre-test.   Furthermore, when the significance level is established at 0.05%, the t-score is considered to be less than the corresponding number in the t-table. The study resulted in the adoption of the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) and the rejection of the Null Hypothesis (Ho). Hence, it is advisable for educators and students to utilize this method to augment reading comprehension.

 Government data shows reading comprehension and analysis level of Indonesian citizens is still very low. As a result, there are many Indonesians who read words as they are without understanding what they mean. This is a concerning fact, as humans grow older, humans should become more accustomed to critical thinking: analyzing something from what is implied. Critical thinking is closely related to critical reading as critical reading means reading while analyzing the text. This critical reading training was offered by our PKM team for Al-Ghozali High School students, Bogor. Our team also found out that those students had more problem: they are not familiar with English even though English is an obligatory language in that boarding school. After considering the problem, two English short stories were chosen for the implementation of this PKM. The training was carried out using presentation activities on critical reading, reading activity, and group discussion, as well as pre-test and post-test. The results show that an in-depth presentation on how to make responds in relation to critical reading and reading short stories in English can foster critical thinking and increase English vocabulary for students.

Story face is an adaptation of story mapping. The main purpose of this study was to find out whether there was a significant difference in the reading performance of the students between those who are taught by using the story face strategy and who are taught without using the story face strategy. This study used the quantitative research method with quasi-experimental design. The population was 8th grade junior high school and the sample was 60 students. To collect the data, researcher used test and applied  SPSS 27 to analyze the data. It was found that there is a difference in scores between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group's pre-test score was 62.73, and the post-test score was 81.00. There was an increase after receiving the story face strategy treatment. In addition, the control group's score was 62.67, and the post-test was 72.93. The experimental group scored higher. T-test using an Independent Sample Test with Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.001 <0.050, so Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. T-table test results are df = 30+30-2=58. The researcher used the table of significant degree 5%, so the t-table was -1.671/+1.671. The t-test value surpassed the corresponding t-table value (5.380 > 1.671), and the p-value was 0.001, which is less than the significance level of 0.050. The results showed the effective application of the story face strategy in reading recount text. Students were able to improve their skills in reading comprehend with using story face strategy.