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Kepailitan adalah sita umum atas semua kekayaan debitur pailit yang pengurusan dan pemberesannya dilakukan oleh kurator di bawah pengawasan Hakim Pengawas sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No.37 Tahun 2004.Salah satu kasus dipailitkannya Koperasi Persada Madani(KPM) yaitu berdasarkan  Putusan Nomor 35/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2015/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst, bahwa Koperasi Persada Madani (KPM) mengalami kasus gagal bayar dan sedikitnya Rp.1,35 triliun dana nasabah menyangkut di koperasi simpan pinjam ini. Dari  putusan  PKPU Nomor 35/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2015/P.Niaga Jkt-Pst,  tidak serta merta diketahui Koperasi Persada Mandiri (KPM) bubar demi hukum. . Akibat hukum keputusan kepailitan terhadap koperasi Persada Mandiri memang tidak bertentangan dengan Keputusan Menteri Koperasi Pengusaha Kecil dan Menengah Nomor: 351/Kep/M/XII/1998 tentang Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Simpan Pinjam Oleh Koperasi. Sebab keputusan kepailitan hanya mengadili masalah utang piutang antara debitor dan kreditor. Sedangkan keputusan Menteri Koperasi, Pengusaha Kecil Dan Menengah tersebut mengatur tentang pembubaran koperasi karena koperasi dinyatakan pailit.

Pencemaran lingkungan hidup tidak hanya berdampak buruk bagi kehidupan masyarakat yang ada sekarang namun juga akan mengancam kelangsungan hidupnya kelak. Timbulnya pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan dapat berkembang menjadi sengketa lingkungan, apabila salah satu pihak penderita atau korban merasa dirugikan karena adanya pencemaran dan atau perusakan lingkungan.Penjelasan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 13 Tahun 2011 sudah memuat kriteria ganti rugi bagi korban dampak lingkungan, namun pelaksanaannya belum dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskankriteria ganti rugi terhadap korban akibat pencemaran lingkungan hidup, kelayakan ganti rugi yang diberikan kepada korban akibat pencemaran lingkungan hidup dan hambatan dalam pemberian ganti rugi yang layak terhadap korban akibat pencemaran lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis.Spesifikasi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis yaitu menggambarkan peraturan perundang – undangan yang berlaku dikaitkan dengan teori – teori hukum dan praktek pelaksanaan hukum yang menyangkut permasalahan tersebut.Metode analisis data menggunakan cara deskriptif kualitatif Kriteria ganti rugi untuk korban akibat pencemaran lingkungan hidup pengaturannya didasarkan pada perubahan nilai property sebelum dan sesudah terjadinya pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan, metode penghitungan aset masyarakat, penghitungan biaya tambahan dan biaya pencegahan, hilangnya pendapatan, adanya perubahan aktifitas dan pendapatan akibat adanya pencemaran dan atau kerusakan lingkungan dan biaya sakit. Ganti rugi dianggap layak jikapencemar selain membayar ganti rugi yang disepakati juga wajib memasukkan biaya pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup dalam perhitungan biaya produksi atau biaya suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan).Hambatan yang muncul dalam pemberian ganti rugi yang layak terhadap korban akibat pencemaran lingkungan hidup antara lain adalah minimnya sumber daya manusia yang ada sesuai bidang seperti ahli dalam penghitungan ganti rugi lingkungan. Selain itu masyarakat lebih senang menyelesaikan sendiri dengan pihak pencemar dan enggannya DLH dalam menentukan aspek ganti rugi seperti dalam peraturan menteri lingkungan hidup mengenai ganti rugi

Intellectual Property Rights for Batik Semarang still not as expected. Though the existence of Batik Semarang has existed since the Dutch colonial era around the 19th century and the motive is not inferior to other batik. Supposedly IPR can be applied to protect Batik Semarang, especially is The Copyright. The issue is What is the Copyright can be used to protect and preserve Batik Semarang? If ok what is the problem of it that can not apply its IPR, especially for  Copyright. The conclusions is: Copyright can be applied to art / motive. The obstacles are the traditional motif is already a Public Domain, shall have the novelty of novation, Batik Semarang is not widely known and less desirable both from employers and community batik Semarang. Suggested communities often use Batik Semarang by requiring students to use Batik Semarang.

Negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum yang berbentuk Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, Negara dalam menjalankan kegiatan kenegaraan berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku, kegiatan kenegaraan memiliki fungsi dan tujuan untuk memakmurkan dan mensejahterakan rakyat Indonesia, jika ada rakyat Indonesia yang belum sejahtera dan makmur maka dalam hal ini yang bertanggung jawab penuh adalah Negara, sejauh mana negara melaksanakan kewajiban untuk mensejahterakan dan memakmurkan rakyatnya. Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, dalam Pasal 1 ayat (2) pengertian “Tenaga Kerja adalah setiap orang yang mampu melakukan pekerjaan guna menghasilkan barang dan / atau jasa baik untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan sendiri maupun untuk masyarakat”

Pasal 33 ayat 3 UUD 1945 ini mendasari adanya TAPMPR NO IX TAHUN 2001 pasal 5 huruf J mengakui dan menghormati hak masyarakat hukum adat dan keragaman budaya bangsa atas sumberdaya agraria dan sumber daya alam, sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Pembaruan agrarian dan pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Keberadaan  tanah timbul ini juga mengacu pada PP Nomor 16 tahun 2004 tentang penggunaan tanah. Melalui hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa Aspek hukum Hak Penguasaan dan Pendaftaran Tanah Timbul sesuai dengan Pasal 33 ayat 3Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 mendasari Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) Nomor 16 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penggunaan Tanah, pada penjelasan Pasal 12, memberikan definisi Tanah timbul sebagai daratan yang terbentuk secara alami dan buatan karena proses sedimentasi sungai, danau, pantai dan atau pulau timbul, serta penguasaan tanahnya dikuasai Negara sebagai aturan yang terbaru maka hal ini pun berakibat pada kejelasan status tanah dan pendaftaran tanah timbul di BPN Kabupaten Tegal. Penguasaan Tanah timbul oleh masyarakat pesisir pada RW I RT 05 secara adat diakui oleh seluruh masyarakat desa Kramat yang lain. Disamping itu juga Pemerintah Desa mengakui tanah timbul tersebut dikuasai oleh masyarakat pesisir RW I RT 05 sesuai dengan letaknya.Penguasaan tanah timbul oleh masyarakat pesisir yang digunakan untuk pertanian melati melalui proses truka ( olah lahan ) belum optimal hal ini disebabkan keragu-raguan kejelasan  status lahan, walaupun secara hukum adat diakui, akan tetapi secara aspek hukum yang lain belum diakui baik yuridis maupun kebijakan pemerintah daerah. Maka dalam penguasaan Tanah Timbul oleh masyarakat pesisir perlu adanya pengakuan Hak penguasaan Tanah Timbul baik oleh Pemerintah desa, Pemerintah daerah maupun BPN. Faktor yang mendorong dilkukannya Pendaftaran tanah timbul oleh masyarakat pesisir yaitu dari aspek hukumnyaagar memperoleh kejelasan status lahan sehingga dalam pemanfaatannya masyarakat tidak ragu, ari aspek ekonomi untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup dan dari aspek budayaagar tetap mempertahankan budaya culture cognitive (hukum adat). Agar keberadaan Tanah Timbul yang dikuasai masyarakat pesisir sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, yakni kejelasan status Tanah timbul sampai adanya Sertikat Hak Milik, maka perlu adanya kebijakan lokal dari pemerintah desa tentang penguasaan Tanah Timbul oleh masyarakat RW I RT 05 untuk pertanian melati sebagai potensi lokal dan keunggulaan komparatif kepada Pemerintah Daerah, dalam hal ini Komisi I DPRD terkait dengan bidang Hukum dan Pertanahan. Selanjutnya Pemerintah Daerah mengevaluasi tentang RTRW Pantura sebagai Kawasan Industri, terkait letak Tanah Timbul yang digunakan untuk potensi lokal sebagai keunggulan komparatif berada di wilayah Pantura. Pemerintah Daerah dalam hal ini DPRD Komisi I perlu memberikan ruang hijau dan kejelasan status lahan dengan prinsip -prinsip Reforma Agraria sesuai TAP MPR NO IX TAHUN 2001 sehingga ada keberlanjutan proses regulasi Pemerintah Daerah kepada Badan Pertanahan Nasional. Badan Pertanahan Nasional dalam menindaklanjuti kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah terkait dengan RTRW dan Sertifikasi Tanah Timbul juga berpedoman pada PMA NO 14 TH 1961 Tentang Permintaan dan Pemberian Izin Pemindahan Hak atas Tanah dan PP NO. 24 TH 1997 tentangPendaftaran Tanah. Sehingga Aspek Hukum Penguasaan Tanah Timbul oleh Masyarakat pesisir untuk pertanian melati menjadi jelas sampai adanya Sertikat Hak Milik untuk pertanian bagi Masyarakat pesisir.

Banyak pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat khususnya para pelaku usaha yang menimbulkan kerugian bagi masyarakat dalam bidang ukur, takar, timbang dan perlengkapannya. Tindak pidana Metrologi Legal sangat banyak dilakukan oleh para pelaku usaha disekita kita, mungkin para masyarakat tidak menyadarinya. Hal ini dikarenakan banyak dari masyarakat kurang teliti dalam membeli suatu barang. Hal mendasar yang menyebabkan sulitnya memberantas metrologi legal adalah karena metrologi legal merupakan perbuatan yang jarang disadari oleh masyarakat pada umumnya. Oleh karena itu adanya kebijakan hukum pidana yang tegas mengatur dan menegakkan hukum terhadap tindak pidana metrologi legal perlu diwujudkan. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam membuat tesis ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan cara melalukan studi kepustakaan dengan cara pengamatan kepustakaan, data sekunder yang kemudian disusun, dijelaskan dan dianalisis dengan memberikan kesimpulan. Menurut hasil penelitian penulis, Kebijakan hukum pidana yang diterapkan dalam rangka penanggulangan tindak pidana metrologi legal diatur dan dirumuskan dalam ketentuan perundang-undangan Pasal 32 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 1981, namun mengenai ancaman pidana yang dikenakan adalah pidana pokok, yakni pidana penjara dan denda, pidana tambahan berupa perampasan hasil kejahatan dan atau alat-alat untuk melakukan kejahata, ganti rugi serta sanksi tata tertib. Kebijakan hukum tindak pidana metrologi legal dan penerapan sanksinya dirasakan tidak memenuhi aspek kepastian dan keadilan. Hal ini terlihat masih banyaknya kasus-kasus yang terjadi mengenai perbuatan curang yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha.Dalam prakteknya proses penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana metrologi legal sangat lemah. Salah satu faktor lemahnya penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana metrologI legal ditandai dengan penanganannya yang tidak integral (menyeluruh). Selain itu banyak faktor yang menyebabkan lemahnya penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana metrologi legal sehingga hal tersebut menjadi kendala dalam penegakkan hukum.

Chicken Ranch venture is a business that is environmentally friendly and efficient, the management of maintenance, cage, and the handling of waste should always be considered. But the farm that stood in the village of Wonosobo Mojotengah Candirejo not in accordance with the applicable rules on the farm, a location close to settlements and ignore the handling of waste and effort. .This Method approach used in this study is the sociological juridical approach. To approach the problem in this study the author uses descriptive analytical research specifications. The collection of data through primary data and secondary data. Methods of presenting data in research conducted in a descriptive way. The analysis used in this thesis is qualitative. The results showed that (1) Overview of the Business Environment Poultry in the village of Wonosobo Mojotengah Candirejo terms of Environmental Aspects, regulated by Law No. Law No. 41 of 2014 concerning Animal Husbandry and Animal Health and Licensing Guidance And Business Registration Ranch, which states that the livestock company and certain parties who seek cattle to scale certain businesses are obliged to follow the procedures for aquaculture animals is not well with disturbing public order in accordance with the guidelines set by the minister in addition to the licensing process must be approved by the farm community about the location where the livestock business to be established. (2) An environmental impact arising from the chicken farm that is a negative impact in the form of environmental pollution, odor, chicken health while the positive impact chicken farm can boost the empowerment of local communities. Thus in maintaining farm Candirejo Mojotengah Wonosobo should implement procedures Efforts Environmental Sustainability and Environmental Monitoring Effort (UKL / UPL) if the procedure Efforts Environmental Sustainability and Environmental Monitoring Effort (UKL / UPL) is not implemented then it will be penalized environmental law in this case will be in wear business license revoked.

In Semarang city suspected of many cosmetic products packaging or wrap that is circulating in the community did not provide information that is clear, both in terms of composition that does not mention the substance or the standards set by the health department, products with labels that have expired, as well as product information is misleading, particularly outstanding in the traditional markets. It is then the background for the author to take the title: "Overview of Consumer Protection Laws Against Illegal Import Chinese Cosmetic Products in Semarang".            Formulation The problem in this case is (1) How are monitoring has been done by the government (BBPOM) to consumer protection in the field of cosmetic products illegally imported Chinese in Semarang? How can these obstacles to the implementation of supervision BBPOM against illegal imports of Chinese cosmetic products in the protection of consumers in Semarang? How are the remedies that have been taken by the government BBPOM to consumer protection related to the circulation of illegal imports of Chinese cosmetics in the city of Semarang The method used in this research is the method of approach to examine the rules of the applicable law, whereas the specification of the research is analytic descriptive only portray the legislation in force linked and analyzed with the theories of jurisprudence and a keadaaanatau particular object in a factual and accurate, and the data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that (1) Efforts to control the government has done (BBPOM) to consumer protection in the field of cosmetic products illegally imported Chinese in the city, carried out with the cooperation and coordination across relevant sectors, among others, by the District Government / City (Department of Health / Department of Industry / Department of Commerce), the National Police, as well as the Association as well as the role of the community. (2) The form of the obstacles to the implementation of supervision BBPOM against cosmetic products illegal Chinese imports in the protection of consumers in the city of Semarang, among others, actors utilize means and legal products, the perpetrator repackaging its products, the lack of public attention, the number of products containing hazardous materials, (3) Efforts the completion of which the government has done BBPOM to consumer protection related to the circulation of cosmetic illegal imports of Chinese in Semarang city is done by sanctioning criminal and administrative sanctions, but it is done through counseling, talk shows, seminars and the distribution of stickers to be vigilant and clever in choosing and using cosmetics that will be

Masyarkat Menco Kecamatan Wedung Kabupaten Demak yang sebagian besar berprofesi sebagai petani tambak dan nelayan tradisional yang masih menggantungkan hasil tangkapan dialam yang berupa kepiting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari.Oleh karena itu penulis membahas mengenai Tinjaun Hukum Lingkungan Terhadap Penangkapan Kepiting Bertelur di Dusun Menco Kecamatan Wedung Kabupaten Demak.Adapun yang menjadi permasalahan menurut penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1) Bagaimana dampak penangkapan kepiting bertelur dalam lingkungan hidup  masyarakat Desa Menco? (2)Bagaimana tinjauan hukum lingkungan terhadap penangkapan kepiting bertelur?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan dampak dari penangkapan kepiting bertelur dalam lingkungan hidup masyarakat Menco dan untuk menjelaskan mengenai tinjauan hukum lingkungan terhadap penangkapan kepiting bertelur Tipe penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tipe penelitian yuridis sosiologis.Spesifikasi penelitian dalam penulisan ini bersifat deskriptif analitis.Analisis yang dipergunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan mengenai eksistensi Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pelarangan Penangkapan Lobster, Kepiting dan Rajungan dalam lingkup hidup masyarakat Menco Kecamatan Wedung Kabupaten Demak dapat menjawab permasalahan yang ada bahwa penangkapan kepiting yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Menco tidak sesuai dengan yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah melalui Peratutan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pelarangan Penangkapan Lobster, Kepiting dan Rajungan. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari penangkapan kepiting yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Menco beragam dari ekonomi sampai populasi dari kepiting yang berada dialam bebas.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan penangkapan kepiting yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Menco baik nelayan maupun pemilik tambak tergolong melanggar peraturan yang ada dan merugikan mayarakat itu sendiri terutama masyarakat Menco.

 Human Trafficking is an act of recruitment, shelter, sending, transferring, or accepting someone with the threat of violence, using violence, kidnapping, confinement, counterfeiting, fraud, abuse of power or vulnerable positions, debt bondage or paying or benefits, so obtain approval from the person who holds control over the other person, whether carried out within the state or between countries, for the purpose of exploitation or to result in exploitation (Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of Crimes in Trafficking in Persons).           This study aims to analyze aspects of judges' consideration of the criminal termination of perpetrators of trafficking in persons in Decision Number 632.K / PID.SUS / 2016 and Decisions Number 1447.K / PID.SUS / 2016, covering juridical, philosophical, and sociological aspects. Juridical aspects are based on the existing legal umbrella and judge as the applicator, sociological aspects, namely the application of the law concerning the values ​​of society in order to create legal justice, and philosophical aspects that are based on the value of truth and justice.           This research is a type of normative juridical research that focuses on studying the application of positive legal norms or norms.           The problem in this study regarding the basis of the judge's consideration in imposing criminal sanctions against perpetrators of trafficking in persons and the comparison of judges' considerations related to criminal imposition of perpetrators of human trafficking in decisions No. 632.K / PID.SUS / 2016 and Decisions Number 1447.K / PID.SUS / 2016.           From the results of this study indicate that, the application of the law where the judge as the applicator is in accordance with the values ​​of the law, and the community, but still very minimal or the need for more policies on victims of trafficking, namely the right to restitution (restoration of the rights of victims from trafficking).

Internet development causes the formation of a new world, every individual has the right and ability to interact with everyone who can prevent him. Perfect globalization connects the entire digital community, one of which is a business sector called E-COMMERCE.E-COMMERCE has a difference from conventional sale and purchase agreements and brings different legal consequences and there are also some problems that are not yet commonly describedthis is a problem that is not immediately anticipated to cause problems in the future. Based on the description, the research is carried out with the title: “SALE AND PURCHASE AGREEMENT VIA INTERNET E-COMMERCE IN TERMS OF CIVIL LAW ASPECTS”.                The formulation of the problem in this study is: (1) What is the validity of the SELLING BUY agreement through the internet if it is involved with Article 1320 of the Civil Code? (2) What is the legal consequence if there is a default in the purchase agreement through the internet (E-COMMERCE)? (3) Solution if there is a default in buying transactions through the internet (E-COMMERCE)? The method used is a normative juridical approach. To approach the problem in this study the author uses descriptive analytical research specifications. Data collection uses secondary data. The method of presenting data in this study was carried out in a descriptive manner. The analysis used in this sketch is qualitative descriptive.             The results of the study indicate: (1) The validity of the agreement through the internet must have the same validity as the agreement that can be proven and in accordance with the provisions in Article 1320 BW. (2) The legal consequences of wanprestasi are compensation. the wanprestasi can be in the form of agreement fulfillment, contract fulfillment and compensation, ordinary compensation, cancellation of the agreement.(3) Solution if there is a wanprestasi in the sale and purchase agreement through: Litigation, Non Litigation, online site (kredibel.co.id, lapor.go.id, cek rekening.id), report directly to the police station and report to the bank.

Bantuan dana pada umumnya dapat diperoleh melalui lembaga keuangan, yaitu Bank. Bank akan memberikan dana tersebut berupa kredit dengan jaminan fidusia. Penyerahan jaminan fidusia tersebut dilaksanakan secara Constitutum Prossessorium, yang artinya, penyerahan ” hak milik ” dilakukan dengan janji, bahwa bendanya sendiri secara fisik tetap dikuasai oleh pemberi jaminan. Polemik yang terjadi pada masyarakat adalah saat proses kredit terjadi BPKB yang dijadikan jaminan fidusia dalam kredit tidak didaftarkan pada kantor pendaftaran fidusia sehingga tidak memiliki sertifikat jaminan fidusia. Jalan ini ditempuh guna mendapat proses pencairan kredit yang cepat atau alih-alih sudah menjadi pelanggan lama atau menjadi prioritas pada lembaga pembiayaan tersebut. Maka pada prakteknya dilapangan para penerima fidusia sering kali menemui kesulitan dalam hal eksekusi jaminan fidusia yang dipegangnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tinjauan hukum terhadap akta fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan, mengetahui eksekusi jaminan fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan yang dilakukan oleh kreditur jika debitur wanprestasi, dan mengetahui yang dialami debitur dan kreditur atas eksekusi yang dilakukan atas akta fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan dan akibat hukumnya. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normative. Spesifikasi penelitian dalam penulisan ini bersifat deskriptif analitis. Sumber data adalah data sekunder dan primer dari wawancara dengan tanya jawab secara langsung dengan pihak BPR Weleri Makmur Sampangan Semarang. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis secara normatif kualitatif. Akibat hukum apabila jaminan fidusia belum didaftarkan maka tidak akan didaftarkan di Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia dan tidak mendapatkan sertifikat, sehingga tidak akan dianggap sah atau sering dikatakan sebagai akta di bawah tangan. Penyitaan tanpa adanya kesepakatan antara bank dan Debitor menjadi tidak sah karena penyitaan atas barang bergerak menurut Pasal 197 ayat (1) HIR adalah kewenangan ketua pengadilan negeri atas jabatan (ex officio) membuat perintah tertulis untuk menyita sekian banyak/seperlunya barang bergerak. Hambatan yang timbul akibat eksekusi yang dilakukan akibat fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan adalah objek jaminan fidusia yang tidak mau diserahkan oleh debitur kepada kreditur, debitur tidak mau menyerahkan objek jaminan fidusia dan menghalang-halangi pengambilan objek jaminan fidusia dan nilai objek jaminan fidusia berubah. Akibat kalau di eksekusi tanpa didaftarkan adalah dapat dikenakan sanksi pidana perampasan dan mendapat sanksi administratif yang diatur dalam Permenkeu Nomor 130/PMK.010/2012 tentang Pendaftaran Jaminan Fidusia bagi Perusahaan Pembiayaan yang melakukan pembiayaan konsumen untuk kendaraan bermotor dengan pembebanan jaminan fidusia.

Hakim sebagai pihak pemutus yang merupakan salah satu unsur peradilan yang paling berperaan  diantara unsur-unsur peradilan lainnya. Apabila hakim tidak memperhatikan lingkungan hidup  dalam penyelesaian perkara lingkungan hidup akan mempengaruhi terwujudnya keadilan bagi lingkungan  hidup. Budaya hukum hakim yang tidak memperhatikan lingkungan hidup dan  diimplementasikan dalam penyelesaian perkara lingkungan hidup merupakan  suatu kelemahan yang pada akhirnaya tidak akan menghasilkan suatu keadilan ekologis. Hal ini juga berpotensi penyelesaian perkara lingkungan hidup di pengadilan selalu kalah dan ”tidak ada keberpihakan kepada yang paling menderita” dalam perkara pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup. Hakim tidak hanya berpedoman pada pemikiran tradisioanl, bahwa hukum hanya ada dalam undang-undang saja (law in books), tetapi hakim perlu memperhatikan bahwa hukum juga ada dalam asas-asas hukum yang hidup di masyarakat (law in action). Hakim wajib mengggali hukum yang hidup dimasyarakat untuk mewujudkan keadilan ekologis.

Vigilantism itself is an offense that still often occurs in the community around us. This violates the provisions of article 170 paragraph (1) and (2) of the Criminal Code, article 351 paragraph (2) and (3) of the Criminal Code, article 354 paragraph (1) and (2) of the Criminal Code. Violations of vigilantism are not justified because it is as if the community as the perpetrators of vigilantism ignores the legal process in force in Indonesia. Then there needs to be protection for the suspect or victim of vigilantism even though he is a criminal. It aims to achieve justice and legal processes in this country. The formulation of the problem of this research is What are the factors - factors that cause the occurrence of vigilante actions, How is law enforcement against perpetrators of vigilante acts (Study in the Legal Area of ​​the West Semarang District Police). The type of research used in this study is juridical normative. The research specifications are analytical descriptive. This study uses two sources of cracked data: primary data and secondary data. The method of presenting data in research is done in a descriptive way. The analysis used in writing this thesis is qualitative. The results showed that, the factors that caused the act of vigilantism were spontaneous arising from a group of people who came from social pressure factors, lack of public trust in law enforcement officials, lack of knowledge of people who conduct vigilante about the law and busy people capture the moment of vigilante with a cellphone rather than having to break up. Law enforcement against perpetrators of vigilante conduct (Studies in the Legal Area of ​​the West Semarang District Police) by conducting, overcoming, and minimizing the occurrence of vigilante acts both from the policy of penal policy (repressive) in accordance with article 27 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, article 170 paragraph (1) and (2) KUHP, article 351 paragraph (2) and (3) KUHP, article 338 KUHP article 354 paragraph (1) and (2) as well as non-penal (preventive) is done by conducting counseling to the community in the area - areas considered to be the scene of vigilantism and carrying out routine patrols.   Keywords: Factors, Enforcement, Self-Performing Judges.  

ABSTRACT An environmental permit is a permit given to any person or initiator who wishes to undertake a business and / or activity that is required to be UKL-UPL in the framework of environmental protection and management as a condition of obtaining a business and / or activity license. Violations committed by PT. Hadi Putra Makmur related to the issue of obligations and prohibitions, especially regarding licensing, efforts to manage and monitor the environment, hereby the supervision of DLH enforces by giving administrative sanctions. The above is the basis for the author to take the title "ADMINISTRATIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT ON IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES THAT DO NOT HAVE DOCUMENTS UKL-UPL (Study of PT. Hadi Putra Makmur Semarang City)." In this research, the authors raise the problems, namely: a. How is administrative law enforcement for activities that have no significant impact that do not yet have UKL-UPL documents? b. What are the obstacles that arise in the administration of administrative law for activities that do not have significant impacts that do not have UKL-UPL documents? c. What is the Role of Administrative Law in Enforcement of Environmental Law? The method used is to use the type of juridical normative research with descriptive analytical research specifications, secondary data sources with data collection methods through literature study and interviews, and the method of presentation and data analysis methods using descriptive analytical methods. The purpose of this study is to explain the application of administrative sanctions for activities that do not have significant impacts that do not have UKL-UPL documents. Barriers that arise in the enforcement of administrative sanctions for activities that do not have a significant impact that do not have UKL-UPL documents, and the role of administrative law in environmental law enforcement. The results showed that PT. Hadi Putra Makmur has violated licensing, environmental management and monitoring efforts, DLH Semarang city has imposed administrative sanctions in the form of government coercion in accordance with PP no. 37 of 2012 concerning environmental permits. Administrative sanctions are legal instruments used for the first time by DLH in enforcing cases conducted by PT. Hadi Putra Makmur.   Keywords: Administrative Enforcement, Environmental Permit, UKL-UPL

The application of sanctions for children is not the same as the application of sanctions for adults, criminal sanctions imposed on children are based on justice, truth, welfare, and the child's future, children have special characteristics and characteristics that require guidance in order to ensure their physical and mental growth as a whole. , harmonious and balanced because children are the most important pillar in determining the fate of the nation and state in the future. An addict or narcotic abuser from a legal perspective is also a criminal offender. In this study, the authors raised several problems, namely How to Implement Criminal Sanctions Against Children of Narcotics Abusers and How Judges Considerations in Deciding Narcotics Abusers in Decision No.18 / Pid.Sus-Anak / 2016 / PN Smg. The research method used in this research is in concreto. This writing aims to explain the Application of Criminal Sanctions Against Narcotics Abuse Children and Judge Considerations in Dropping Decisions Against Narcotics Abuse in Decision No.18 / Pid.Sus-Anak / 2016.PN Smg, the defendant is sentenced to sanctions for actions namely by medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation . The sanctions obtained by narcotics criminal offenders in decision No.18 / Pid.Sus-Anak / 2016 / PN Smg are in accordance with existing regulations in Indonesia, apart from being accompanied by a person / guardian, the defendant is accompanied by a legal advisor, namely Rizka Abdurrahman SH, MH, during the examination process of the defendant did not receive discriminatory treatment / distinction, the judge in passing the verdict for the defendant has considered things that are burdensome and lighten and consider everything that is best for the child.   Keywords : Children, Narcotics, Abuse, Application of Criminal Sanctions

The occurrence of crime is caused by several factors, namely criminal biology, criminal psychology, and criminal sociology. Even though there are many factors related to an offender committing an act of sexual abuse based on that basis, I took a research entitled: "Criminological review of the causes of people committing an act of sexual immorality (Study of the Demak State Decision No.115.Pid.Sus / PN / Dmk August 10, 2016) ". Formulated as follows what factors cause people to commit criminal acts of sexual abuse? And what about the criminology review of the perpetrators of obscene criminal acts in the Demak District Court for the study of obscene decisions based on the decision of the Demak District Court No.115.Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN / Dmk 10 August 2016 ?. A type of sociological juridical study, the specifications of this study are analytical descriptive. Descriptive qualitative analysis data with the aim of describing the exact characteristics, state of symptoms of a particular individual or group can be concluded later stages. Based on the research results obtained: the conclusion of biological factors, psychological factors, sociocultural factors. Criminal psychology factors on the condition of the perpetrators can be seen from the way they do, sociocultural factors seen from the economic conditions, changes in the social status of rural communities to the city. Crimes related to criminal psychology, criminal biology, sociocultural: 46 year old convict R as a criminal biologist who committed crimes such as sexual abuse, convicted R male sex. Biologically criminal acts of sexual abuse committed by men rather than women, convict R has a normal mental state that psychologically has the ability to be responsible for the crimes committed.   Keywords: Criminology, Causes of Crimes, Crimes for obscenity.  

Freight of goods and passengers in Indonesia With the availability of goods and transportation needed by transportation, there are many entrepreneurs or transportation service companies in the three transportation routes. PT. Pandu Logistik is a company engaged in the transportation of goods which is a legal entity in the Commercial Postal Service as stipulated in article 18 paragraph (1) of Law Number 38 of 2009 concerning Postal. During the process of shipping goods sometimes it does not need to be done with problems, for example regarding expenditures, both originating from nature, human actions or from the nature of the goods themselves. In answering this law, the approach method is carried out using the sociological juridical method with descriptive analytical specifications and the analysis is done qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that the standard agreement in the transportation agreement determined by the carrier according to the position of the parties is not balanced and there is no freedom of transfer to determine the contents of the agreement. Factors that cause ownership change, damage or loss of goods in PT. Pandu Logistics is 2 factors, the first factor which is a factor of PT. Pandu Logistik itself and the second is external factors such as circumstances and accidents that cannot be done in the transportation of goods. The responsibility of PT. Pandu Logistics Semarang for lost or damaged goods that is by way of compensation of 10 times the shipping fee or a maximum of Rp. 1,000,000 (one million rupiah), except if PT. Pandu Logistik Semarang can prove right and wrong that PT. Pandu Logistik Semarang, apart from the negligence and mistakes of the sender of the goods or because there is something about the cargo that does not reach the recipient of the goods, this is what frees PT. Pandu Logistik from Semarang sent by the goods sender. This is in accordance with article 10 paragraph (2) letter i Government Regulation Number 15 Year 2013 concerning Regulation Number 38 Year 2009 concerning Postal   Keywords: Standard Agreement, Factors, Responsibility, Delivery of Goods

The development of the economy in Indonesia in the field of trade and industry has given birth to many types of goods and services. Helped with the advancement of information technology and telecommunications in Indonesia, resulting in the vast area of ​​buying and selling transactions to foreign countries. As the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has the potential to become the largest producer of halal food. Business actors not only pay attention to the composition of the medical course, but also need food that is consumed legally. Legal certification of food products as a form of consumer protection against the halal of a product, not only to protect consumers but also as a bulwark to eliminate abuse authorities that harm business actors are only in the interests of consumer protection. The above is the basis for the author to take the title: "LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CONSUMERS OF FOOD PRODUCTS THAT HAS NOT HALAL CERTIFIED". The problem in this study is how the form of legal protection for consumers of food products that have not been halal certified and the legal consequences for businesses for food products that have not been halal certified. This study uses a normative juridical approach. The research specifications used are analytical descriptive. The data of this research are secondary data obtained through literature study which are then analyzed using qualitative methods.  The research results obtained despite regulations made by the Government, in Act Number 8 on Consumer Protection in 1999 and Act Number 33 on Halal Product Guarantee in 2014, that the facts that occur there are still food products that have not been halal certified . Based on the results of the study, legal protection for consumers of food products that have not been halal certified is regulated in Article 45 of the Consumer Protection Act which regulates if consumers are harmed by products, consumers can file lawsuits with business actors as a form of legal protection against consumers. The obligation as a business actor to have a halal certificate is regulated in Article 4 of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Assurance System, as a result of the law received by business actors for the circulation of food products that have not been halal certified, namely by providing administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions that are regulated in Article 62 of the Consumer Protection Act.   Keywords: Consumer Protection, Halal Certificate, Legal Effects

In the legislative system, Pancasila is a basic norm (staatsfundamental), which successively then verfassungnorm UUD 1945, grundgezetznorm or MPR provisions, and gezetznorm or the Act. But in reality, Pancasila is equalized and equated with the 1945 Constitution, the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, which is then referred to as the Four Pillars of Nation and State. The Constitutional Court as the constitution gatekeeper institution returns the position of the Pancasila as the state foundation through the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 100/PUU-XI/2012. The decision is part of the implementation of the authority of the Constitutional Court which has 4 (four) authorities and 1 (one) obligation as stipulated in Article 24C paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. In addition to being a guardian of democracy ) The Constitutional Court is also the Protector of the state's foundation and legal source.