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One of the efforts to overcome teacher problems in learning is by educational supervision. Supervision is guidance in the form of guidance or guidance towards improving the educational situation in general and improving the quality of teaching and learning. Supervision is carried out by the Principal (supervisor) whose role is to supervise teaching and learning activities, teacher performance etc. The purpose of supervision is to develop better situations to train the learning process and improve the teaching profession. The study was conducted because researchers wanted to get a better understanding of a special case This research reveals specifically about the implementation of teaching supervision and teacher performance in the learning process of Islamic religious education in MTSN 2 Bengkalis. Based on the entire series of analysis and discussion of data, it can be concluded that the implementation of principal supervision of the performance of Islamic religious education teachers in MTSN 2 Bengkalis is The planning of principal supervision is carried out in a planned, systematic and continuous manner. At this stage the principal determines the name of the teacher to be observed, forms a determination of the time for the implementation of the observation time, compiles an observation grid and determines whether the class observation is known to the teacher or not, this is based on an agreement between the principal and the Islamic religious education teacher. In the implementation of supervision, the principal's attitude did not interfere with the process of learning Islamic religious education in the classroom even the principal at the end of class hours gave motivation to students to continue learning diligently. In the follow-up stage, the results of supervision are discussed jointly between Islamic religious education teachers and school principals who discuss teacher deficiencies in teaching in the hope that in the future teachers can improve them.

This article examines how Christian religious education curriculum can be a means to develop students' faith. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore students' and teachers' experiences in the learning process. Findings suggest that spirituality-based approaches, such as prayer, meditation, and biblical reflection, are effective in fostering deep faith. This article recommends a curriculum model that is more integrated with spiritual practices.

This article discusses the implementation of character education based on Christian values ​​in the secondary school curriculum. This approach aims to form students who are not only academically superior but also have strong moral integrity. This study was conducted through qualitative methods by interviewing Christian religious teachers and students. The results show that the values ​​of love, justice, and responsibility have a significant impact on building student character. This article recommends integrating Christian values ​​more explicitly into the learning process.

study aims to know, study, explore and describe the administrative model of procurement of educational facilities and infrastructure in elementary schools more organized and efficient so that it can support the success of students in the learning process. This research was conducted by qualitative methods, research conducted at the Future Islamic School Integrated Islamic School, with the subject of principals, teachers, educators and students. This research data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research that the author conducted show that the model of the procurement system of facilities and infrastructure, schools can provide a more optimal environment for the learning process of students As well as the importance of technology by involving all school staff as a means to accelerate the monitoring process, and optimize the management of infrastructure facilities, this writing is expected to be the basis for improving the governance of goods in similar schools.

Administration is very necessary for the continuity of the teaching and learning process in the world of education. All of that cannot be separated from the activeness of those who master the administration in the school. People often underestimate the field of administration, even though if the administration is held by less skilled people then the administration will be messy and will not run properly. People who hold administration are people who have been trained in their field (people who have received knowledge or training). Administration is not only in financial terms but also in our neatness and order in bookkeeping. Administration is not only carried out within a certain time but every day systematically. The success of education in schools must be supported by orderly, directed, and planned school administration services. Where in its implementation must follow the direction of the development of an increasingly modern era and growing technological media. For this reason, there needs to be a clear and programmatic division of administrative tasks in each school to create a better school later.

Based on the results of the needs analysis in the learning process, a development of learning media is needed. This research aims to create this product to be more valid, practical and effective in improving students' mathematical understanding. This research and development uses the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluate) development model. The subjects of this research were 30 students of class X Science 1 at SMA Methodist 7 Medan. The research results show that the Android-based learning media developed has obtained a very high level of validity, with an average percentage of 90.38% according to material experts, 87.77% according to media experts, then 90.90% according to lesson plan validators and results. Validation from experts on pre-test and post-test questions showed a percentage of 92.70% and 91.67%, respectively included in the "very valid" criteria. Positive responses were also found from teachers and students during small group and large group trials, with an average score of 96% from teachers, 94.4% from small groups, and 90.2% from large groups. This shows that this media is very practical to use in the learning process. Apart from that, the results of implementing this interactive learning media also show its effectiveness with the average percentage of responses to the effectiveness of learning media by students obtained at 92.23%. The classical learning completion level reached 96.67%, and the effectiveness questionnaire obtained an average percentage of 86.67%. The increase in students' mathematical understanding can be categorized as moderate improvement. Based on this research data, it can be concluded that the Android-based learning media that we have developed has met the criteria of being valid, practical and effective in improving students' mathematical understanding.

Curriculum is an important part of education systems around the world. The curriculum regulates learning process activities to maximize educational goals, functioning as a unit or guideline. Student learning outcomes in the daily learning process are one aspect that can have an impact on curriculum adjustments. Interviewing English teachers about the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in the classroom provided a number of insights. Educators share their thoughts on the difficulties in implementing an autonomous curriculum. because the facilities or different learning resources are not sufficient. They emphasize how the Merdeka Curriculum can help students learn English more effectively by encouraging active participation in class, fostering critical thinking, and increasing language proficiency. The student-centered curriculum philosophy was awarded

Implementation of the Manhaji Method in understanding the yellow book at the Darul Arifin Muaro Islamic Boarding School, Jambi, Islamic Religious Education Master's Study Program, Sulthan Tthaha Saifuddin University, Jambi 2024.Methods for understanding the Yellow Book in learning activities, especially in the method of reading yellow words, educators must try to achieve the goals as much as possible. One way is to use appropriate teaching methods. Method is one of the tools to achieve learning goals. Therefore, educators should be smart in choosing and using the right methods so that they can support teaching and learning activities and can be used as efficient tools to achieve goals. The purpose of this research is to describe (1) To find out the background and purpose of implementing the Manhaji method in learning the Yellow Book for students at the Darul Arifin Islamic boarding school. (2) To find out the obstacles in the field to the application of the Manhaji method at the Darul Arifin Islamic boarding school. (3) To find out the application of the Manhaji method at the Darul Arifin Islamic boarding school. This research was conducted at Darul Arifin Muaro Jambi using qualitative research and a descriptive approach. Research data collection techniques use interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis for this research was carried out using the steps of data collection, data reduction, drawing conclusions and verification. Meanwhile, diligent observation and triangulation as well as discussions were carried out as an effort to test the validity of the data. The results of this research show that: (1) The Manhaji learning concept is divided into several parts, starting from planning objectives, determining learning materials, determining methods, determining time allocation and use of media. (2) The implementation carried out during learning in madrasa classes is divided into three parts, namely preliminary activities, core learning activities, and closing activities. (3) Manhaji content/material, as follows: volume I (Mastering the ins and outs of Isim and fi'il which include, ma'rifat nakirah, Mabni, Mu'rob, Tasrif Fi'il patterns) volume II (Mastering the Tasrif Fi'il patterns il Mazid, and Mustaqqaat such as isim Fail. Maful, isim Zaman and Isim Makan), volume III (Mastering Umdah Sum, Mubtada, Khabar, Fi'il Fail, and Awamil. (Inna, Kaana and Dhzanna) volume IV (Mastering Takmilah Sum (Na'at taukid, Athf Badal Mafu'lat). (4) Evaluation of Manhaji material is carried out during the learning process and outside the learning process, in the form of written tests and oral tests.

History opens a window to the past to welcome the future, learning history will help to know and understand how the history of the past and also the people associated with these events. Studying history not only aims to know important events or events in the past but also teaches various forms of experience that occur both success and failure. Every human being needs education and knowledge because it is for human development itself. Through education, humans not only get teaching about special skills but also something deeper, namely science. In the world of education through learning, students gain knowledge and learn what is obtained through learning. Each student will pass the evaluation stage. The evaluation is given after students have gone through several learning and understanding processes and then given questions, both essays and multiple choice questions, in order to help the learning process in the classroom. To maximize the use of multiple choice as a learning tool, students can choose it with consideration in the answer choices that have been determined. Teachers give assignments to students to work on multiple choice questions in two ways, the first is to solve multiple choice questions, when given an assignment during class hours to submit it to the teacher when the subject is finished. Alternatively, the teacher can give the students an assignment or homework and collect it during the next meeting. Research shows that teachers prefer the use of multiple choice questions, not only because of administration, time saving and simplicity but also because they are objective and consistent. Furthermore, students based on the results of the study prefer giving multiple choice questions because they can eliminate answer errors and the questions on multiple choice questions are more objective than others. In addition, with the multiple choice question method students can actively participate in the learning process.

This research describes how teachers perceive the implementation of the independent curriculum in School. This research is qualitative research. Qualitative research is research that explore and understand the meaning a number of individuals or groups of people derive from social problems.  Researchers construct reality and understand its meaning, so this research pays great attention process, event, and authenticity. Respondents are teachers at school. Data collection in this research was through interviews. The main instrument of this research is the researcher supported by field notes.  All data is collected and studied descriptively to obtain reliable and reliable findings. Research result  shows that: (1) teachers' perceptions are positive and appreciative of the implementation of the  Merdeka Curriculum in schools, (2) teachers have an important role in the process of curriculum  development and implementation in schools and success in implementing the curriculum really  depends on how intense the teacher is in implementing the curriculum in the classroom; (3) teachers  have the ability to develop and implement curriculum and class design, in order to improve the quality  of teaching and learning processes; (4) There has not been optimal socialization and specific training regarding the formation of student profiles Pancasila; and other.

This research aims to evaluate the impact of implementing the STAD Cooperative Model on the learning outcomes of 10th-grade Fashion students in the Cultural Arts subject for the academic year 2023/2024. The formulation of the problem is whether this model can enhance students' academic achievements. The research objectives include evaluating the learning outcomes of students through the application of this model and providing a comparative study for students planning further research. The theoretical benefits of this research lie in its contribution as a foundation for subsequent studies, enabling other researchers to enhance problem-solving abilities for students. Practically, this study is expected to make a positive contribution to schools, teachers, and students. For schools, it is anticipated to improve the quality of education, especially in teaching cultural arts to enhance the academic achievements of students. For teachers, this research can serve as a reference in developing cultural arts education and other learning processes. Additionally, this study provides insights for 10th-grade Fashion students at SMK Negeri 3 Denpasar to improve their learning outcomes in cultural arts. Through the evaluation of the impact of implementing the STAD Cooperative Model, this research can serve as a foundation for developing more effective teaching strategies, contributing to the enhancement of education quality at the vocational high school level.

Based on the National Education System Law number 20 of 2003, citizens who have physical, emotional, mental, intellectual and/or social disabilities have the right to receive special education. Thus, their potential for children with special needs must be increased through the latest curriculum created by the government and combined with a special curriculum so that children with special needs experience the same treatment as normal children in the world of education. The aim of this research is to find out how to increase the educational potential of children with special needs with the Integrated SLB curriculum management implemented at SLB Negeri 01 Blitar City. This research method is field research using a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The findings from this research are that SLB Negeri 01 Blitar City has used an independent curriculum combined with a special curriculum for children with special needs. The Merdeka Curriculum has started in the 2022/2023 school year and is being implemented at the elementary school, junior high school, high school and vocational high school levels, without exception at special schools (SLB). In implementing this independent curriculum at the SLB Negeri 01 Blitar City school, teachers have the freedom to choose various teaching tools that suit each child who has special needs, so that the learning process in the classroom can be adjusted to the needs and interests of the students. Students classified as having special needs have the same rights as every other citizen.

In an era of cultural acceleration and rapid advancements in science and technology, this research evaluates the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Informatics at SMA Negeri 8 Maros, focusing on enhancing student creativity. Employing a quantitative method within the Classroom Action Research framework, this study involves cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collected through creativity tests, surveys, and class observations reveal that PBL significantly boosts student creativity. These findings are crucial, considering the critical role of education in preparing future generations for digital era challenges. This study highlights how education, especially in Informatics covering programming, artificial intelligence, and computer networking, can adapt to changing times. By integrating technology and innovative approaches into the learning process, students can enhance creativity and other essential skills needed in the digital age. This research offers valuable insights for educators and policymakers in preparing students for a bright, sustainable future.    

This journal research aims to see the implementation of teacher perceptions in curriculum development. This research uses quantitative research by collecting structured data through measurement instruments such as questionnaires. From the results of observations through questionnaires or systematic observations regarding this curriculum change, first, this curriculum change has an effect on learning styles, for example, if previously teachers only relied on books and blackboards when teaching, now it is all digital and of course this also makes it easier for teachers to teach and makes it easier for students to receive material from the teacher and can also influence learning models or methods. Meanwhile, changes to the curriculum can improve the quality of education. With this curriculum change, there are also challenges faced by schools, one of which is that teachers need to be prepared to utilize technology effectively in the learning process and also how to implement it. So, in conclusion, this curriculum change is indeed important but must be adjusted to the curriculum and current developments. In accordance with research that the author observed, schools currently prefer the Independent Curriculum

Education is the forerunner of the birth of an intelligent generation. Education does not only take place at one moment, but education continues without knowing the age called lifelong education. In the teaching and learning process it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for students to learn. Therefore, today many learning models are applied in the learning process. This classroom action research aims to apply the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model in the teaching and learning process by optimizing the active role of students in the classroom and providing evaluations to measure student understanding of the material through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. The subjects of this study were junior high school students. The estimated duration of the study lasted at least one month. The timing of research refers to the school's academic calendar, because PTK requires several cycles that require an effective teaching and learning process in the classroom. In the learning process, there are several improvements that occur in students where based on the results of observing student attitudes in class during learning activities through the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) method it turns out to be able to change student learning attitudes and can improve student mindsets and learning activities and foster a sense of mutual cooperation between students.

Question and answer is a classroom activity that allows learners to create or recreate meaning through language. Effective questioning is a means for students to respond during the learning process. Designing questions that capture student interest and attention comprises diagnosing and verifying specific facts or information, determining, and encouraging analytical, inductive, differentiation, extension, application, problem-solving, and synthesis skills. To be effective, we must design questions and answers to request information. Effective classroom questioning techniques require good preparation and do not require students to use thinking skills. This article illustrates that Q&A is a very common activity that can help students learn English and is an important way for students to exchange ideas with teachers and students. The article also covers some basic questions and examines questioning techniques in English teaching.

The objective of this research is to investigate the potential impact of implementing the TPS cooperative learning model on enhancing the self-confidence and mathematics communication abilities of seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan. The specific focus will be on the Set content. This study used a class action research design, consisting of two distinct cycles. Each iteration comprises two meetings. The participants in this research consisted of 28 students from class VII-8 of SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan. The primary focus of this study is to enhance students' self-confidence and mathematical communication abilities by using the TPS cooperative learning model on Set material at SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan during the academic year 2022/2023. Based on the findings derived from the analysis of the data, it was observed that the mean score for students' initial self-confidence was 53.61. Additionally, the mean test score for students' initial communication skills was found to be 44.92. Among the participants, a total of 3 students (13.04%) demonstrated mastery in this area, while the remaining 20 students (86.95%) had not yet achieved mastery. The learning process in cycle I was conducted using the TPS model. As a result, the average score of student confidence increased to 62.14, while the average score of the mathematical communication ability test increased to 55.80. Out of the total number of students, 8 students (34.78%) reached the completion criteria, while 15 students (65.21%) did not reach the completion criteria. In the second cycle, there was an observed increase in student performance. The average score for student confidence was recorded as 76.29, while the average score for the mathematical communication ability test was 75.97. Out of the total number of students, 19 students (82.60%) achieved completeness in the test, while 4 students (17.40%) did not reach completeness. The self-confidence questionnaire and mathematical communication skills exam administered in cycle II yielded results indicating a satisfactory level of student proficiency. 

Code switching and code mixing often occur in different conversations in society, code switching and code mixing can occur at all levels of society, a person's social status cannot prevent code switching or code mixing from occurring, this is often called multilingualism. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted in the fourth grade learning process at the Simalungun Protestant Christian Church Elementary School with the aims of 1) describing the types of code switching applied by teachers in the learning process; 2) describe the types of code mixing carried out by teachers in the learning process; 3) describe the factors that cause teachers and students to exchange codes; and 4) describe the factors that cause teachers and students to mix code.The methods used are observation and interviews. The results of this research indicate that in the fourth grade Simalungun Protestant Christian Church Elementary School, code switching occurred in the form of internal code switching. Internal code changes include code changes from Indonesia to Simalungun and Simalungun code changes to Indonesia. The form of coding codes in the Simalungun Regency Christian Church Elementary School class IV consists of additional word codes, phrase codes and sentence codes. The factors causing code mixing are (1) explaining something, (2) creating familiarity, and (3) situations and conditions

The purpose of this research is to determine the application of the Discovery Learning learning model with the research subjects of students in class X.3 UPT SMA Negeri 6 Maros, totaling 28 students. The type of research used in this research is classroom action research (PTK). This research takes the form of a cyclical assessment process consisting of 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data regarding student activities during the teaching and learning process and the teacher's ability to manage learning were collected using observation sheets. And data regarding student learning outcomes is collected by giving a learning outcomes test at the end of each cycle. The results of observations in the first cycle of learning results by applying the Discovery Learning learning model showed that learning completion reached 14.3% or 4 students out of 28 students had completed learning. The results of observations in cycle II of completeness of learning outcomes reached 35.8% or 10 students out of 28 students had completed their studies. From the results of the actions in cycle I and cycle II, it was concluded that the application of the Discovery Learning learning model could improve student learning outcomes at UPT SMA Negeri 6 Maros for the 2022/2023 academic year.    

The aim of this research is to evaluate the evaluation of equality education programs using the stake method. This research used a qualitative approach, and was carried out at PKBM Sabilul Huda which is located at Kp. Tejakalapa, Sukamukti, Kec. Cisayong, Tasikmalaya Regency. The informants in this research were PKBM Sabilul Huda managers, PKBM Sabilul Huda educators, and student representatives. Data were collected using interviews, documentation and documentation and analyzed using the triangulation model. The research results show that management at PKBM Sabilul Huda is quite good from several aspects such as antecedents (supporting factors), transactions (learning processes), and outcomes (results achieved).