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Birthball or birth ball can be used by mothers in the first stage of labor which is useful for helping the progress of labor. The advantages of using a birthball are that it can increase blood flow to the uterus, placenta and baby, and can increase the pelvic outlet, provide comfort for the knees and ankles, provide counter-pressure on the perineum and thighs, work with gravity that pushes the baby down so that it accelerates the process of opening and lowering the baby's head and the labor process can take place physiologically. This study aims to determine the Effect of Birthball Therapy on the Progress of Labor in the First Stage of Labor in Mothers in Bangun Rejo Health Center, Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The research design used is the Quasy Experiment Method (Experiment). By using the Two Group Design design, in this study the population was all mothers in labor as many as 20 people using the Mann-Whitney Test. The results of the study using the Man Whitney test to see the comparison between the intervention group and the control group obtained a sig value of 0.029 or <0.05 with a z table value of 2.189. So H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is an effect of birthball on the progress of the first stage in mothers who are given birthball therapy and those who are not given birthball therapy at Pustu Bangun Rejo, Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. It is hoped that the research site will become a forum and facilitator for mothers in labor in facing a comfortable and enjoyable labor process in going through a shorter first stage.

Background: Pre-eclampsia is multi-organ damage and occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. The incidence of pre-eclampsia in Indonesia is very high compared to the global incidence, which is 10% in Indonesia compared to 2% globally. If not well managed, pre- eclampsia can lead to complications. Therefore, prevention is needed, which can be increased knowledge and early detection of pre-eclampsia. Purpose: To increase knowledge and understanding about preeclampsia in pregnant women. Method: The health promotion was conducted on 29 September 2023 by presentations using power point and interactive Q&A with the target all pregnant women in Kenderan village (40 people). Then, Blood pressure checks and prenatal exercises were conducted. Knowledge improvement was evaluated by comparing the pretest and posttest questionnaire responses. Results: Thirteen pregnant women (32.5%), attended this activity. The activity took place at the Kenderan village office (10.00-11.30 WITA). A comparison of pretest and posttest shows an average increase from 5.6 to 7.6 points. However, there are still correct answer that need improvement, specifically regarding the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia (76.9%) and pregnancy nutrition preeclampsia prevention (84.6%). Conclusion: The implementation of health promotion for preeclampsia among pregnant women has been successful. However, the number of participants who attended was lower than the target. Nonetheless, health promotion participants have shown an increase in their knowledge. The timing of the next activity should be better aligned with the availability of pregnant women's schedules. Additionally, the material should focus more on the signs, symptoms, and pregnancy nutrition related to prevention of preeclamsia.

Western science and Islamic science are considered different in several aspects. This difference  is very visible when Western science arrogantly claims that science is not related to religion and was not born from the church, while Islam believes that science cannot be separated from religion. This can happen because Western science is rooted in ratio while Islamic science is rooted in revelation. This view then gave birth to a dichotomy between general sciences and religious sciences. This is what then encourages Muslim scientists to carry out ijtihad for a paradigma change through the Islamization of science.

: Identity politics is political strategy that uses social identities such as ethnicity, religion, and gender to gain electoral support. This article explains how the phenomenon and influence of identity politics in Indonesia, the issue of identity politics in the 2024 elections and identity politics based on Islamic teaching sources. Identity politics can be positive or negative. Positive in nature means that it makes an impetus to recognize and accommodate the existence of comparisons, even to the extent of recognizing the predicate or privilege of a region or nation due to a basis that can be understood historically and logically. It is negative when there is a difference between one group and another, for example the domination between the majority and the minority. Identity politics grows over a social group that considers intimidated and discriminated against by government and state power in regulating government order, this condition which then becomes the basis for the birth of identity politics in state issues.

This study examines the comparison of inheritance rights of adopted children from the perspective of Islamic law and civil law in Indonesia. The background of the research is the importance of a clear understanding of the legal status of adopted children, given the growing number of couples adopting children because of the inability to have children. The aim of this study is to explain and compare the inheritance rights of adopted children in both legal systems. The method used is normative research with legislative approaches, examining regulations, laws and related regulations. The results of research show that in Islamic law, the adopted child is not entitled to inherit property from the foster parent because there is no national relationship, but can be given property through a will with a maximum of 1/3 of the inheritance. The implications of these findings are the need for harmonization of laws and policies that can provide legal certainty and justice for adopted children in Indonesia, accommodating the differences between the two legal systems.    

This research aims to understand and analyze the mathematics learning difficulties faced by class VII students at SMPN 35 Medan. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this research explores the factors that cause learning difficulties and provides solutions that can be implemented. The research method involves written tests and interviews with students and teachers. The results of the research reveal that students face challenges in understanding basic concepts such as algebra, linear equations, equivalent and non-equivalent comparisons, as well as plane figures and spatial figures. Internal and external factors, such as students’ cognitive abilities and less effective teaching methods, influence their mathematics performance. This research suggests a more interactive learning approach, training for teachers, collaboration between schools and parents, and regular evaluation to improve students’ mathematical understanding and performance in the future. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to efforts to improve the quality of mathematics learning in schools.

This research aims to evaluate the comparison of school committee financial reports at SMAN 1 Ampek Angkek in the 2022/2023 academic year with the previous year. This research is a comparative research with data collection methods through interviews, observation and document analysis. The results showed1) The similarity in the report is the report column model used. 2) The difference is in the report writing of each activity. In the committee's financial report for the 2022/2023 academic year, the writing is inconsistent. Sometimes it is written with budget details per activity, sometimes it is written in general terms. There were even several activities whose reports were put together by only writing one activity, while in the previous year's committee financial report, the report writing seemed more consistent with the breakdown of funds per activity, 3) The writing of committee financial reports needs improvement.

This research aims to compare the legal framework for child protection in Indonesia and Malaysia. Child protection is an important aspect in social development and community welfare. In this context, a comparison between these two countries provides valuable insights into child protection approaches, policies and implementation. From the research results, it appears that both countries have serious efforts to protect children's rights. However, there are differences in legal approaches and implementation of child protection policies. In Indonesia, there are regulations governing child protection, such as Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, while in Malaysia, there is the 2001 Childhood Act which regulates children's rights. Apart from that, the comparison also covers practical aspects in the implementation of child protection, including child protection programs implemented by the government and related institutions. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that although both countries are committed to child protection, there are differences in legal approaches and implementation of child protection policies. This research provides valuable insights for policy makers, legal practitioners and other stakeholders in efforts to improve child protection in both countries. With a deeper understanding of the differences and similarities in the legal framework for child protection, it is hoped that more effective and comprehensive child protection efforts can be created in the future.    

This research discusses the comparison of sanctions for liability for the crime of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and Singapore's Penal Code 1871. In the Indonesian Criminal Code, rape is regulated in Article 473, while in the Singapore Penal Code, rape is regulated in Article 375. This research uses normative analysis and comparative analysis methods. The results of the research show that there are differences in sanctions for responsibility for the crime of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Singapore Penal Code. The Indonesian Criminal Code regulates criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 12 years and a maximum of 15 years if rape of a child or serious injury results, while the Singapore Penal Code regulates prison sanctions of 8 years to 20 years plus a minimum caning sentence of 12 lashes. This research also shows that there are differences in the definition of rape between the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Singapore Penal Code.

A novel compound called 3-chloro-4-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (3-CDBA), derived from beta-lactams, was investigated for its effects on human leukemia (HL-60) cells, pancreatic cancer (TCP-1026) cells, and healthy cells (WRL68) for comparison. The compound showed an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 91.55 µg/ml on the leukemia cells, 141.3 µg/ml on the pancreatic cancer cells, and 353.8 µg/ml on the healthy cells. This indicates that the compound selectively kills cancer cells while having minimal effect on healthy cells, as higher concentrations are required to kill half of the healthy cells. These findings suggest that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In comparison to conventional antioxidants like ascorbic acid (vitamin C), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) exhibited a higher percentage of inhibition at the highest concentration, with a value of 72.95% and an IC50 of 42.67 µg/ml. Furthermore, the compound's effects were studied on two types of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus (positive) and Escherichia coli (negative), as well as various Penicillium species. The compound showed the greatest inhibitory effect at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml. In a theoretical examination, molecular docking was employed to design and synthesize a drug using the beta-lactam derivative and a target associated with cancer cells from a protein database. The compound demonstrated a strong and close interaction with amino acids and different sites within the active pocket, resulting in a higher binding energy. This indicates that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by disrupting their metabolic processes.  To determine the lethal dose (LD50), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) was administered to half of the animals in the study.

This research aims to compare the semantic phenomena of slang used by the Millennial generation and Gen Z on social media. The main focus of this research is to identify the types of slang that are often used by both generations, as well as understanding the meaning and reasons for the use of slang by the Millennial generation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with data obtained through journal reviews and analysis of documentation from social media such as Facebook, X (formerly known as Twitter), and Instagram. This research found that there are significant differences in the types of slang used by the Millennial and Gen Z generations, which are influenced by cultural and technological developments. In addition, this research reveals that the main reason the Millennial generation uses slang on social media is to strengthen social ties, show familiarity, and follow trends. The use of slang is also considered a way to create a unique and relevant digital identity in their social environment.

This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the structure of child criminal liability in Indonesia and the Philippines, as well as to ascertain the specific nature of child criminal liability in both countries. This study is a prescriptive normative legal research. The research methodologies employed include the legal approach, the comparison approach, and the conceptual approach. The legal resources used can be classified into primary and secondary sources. To ensure the acquisition of precise primary and secondary data for this paper, data gathering is conducted through a thorough examination of relevant literature pertaining to the principles and regulations governing the child criminal justice system. This research focuses on comparing the legislation of child criminal culpability in Indonesia and the Philippines. The child criminal justice system is governed by specific legislation. In the State of Indonesia, it is managed by the Child Criminal Justice System Act, while in the Philippines, it is regulated by Republic Act No. 9344, with revisions made by Republic Act No. 10630. In Indonesia, the age at which a kid can be held criminally liable is between 12 and less than 18 years old. In the Philippines, children can be held criminally liable starting at the age of at least 15 years old and up to less than 18 years old. In the Philippines, there is a kind of criminal culpability that results in automatic suspension, removal from position, probation, and the application of vicarious liability for parents. Child criminal culpability in Indonesia is determined based on individual responsibility, as stated in Article 71 of the Child Criminal Justice System Law. This law specifies the application of criminal sanctions. Additionally, Article 82 of the same law outlines the imposition of action punishments.    

This study aims to analyze the factors and risks that cause fraud in various countries with comparisons between sectors and regions. Using Qualitative method: Meta analysis based on five journals related to fraud (Fraud) in various countries. The purpose of using the meta-analysis method, the method is used to integrate data from different studies so that it can provide more accurate results, rather than the results obtained from a single study, and seeks to understand the mechanism, several factors that may affect the occurrence of fraud in various countries and sectors, including the existence of organizational justice,  internal control, opportunity, pressure and rationalization. The results show that fraud is a global problem that requires international solutions, and cooperation between countries and internal communication are indispensable in building a system that can fight organized financial fraud globally. This study aims to provide a deterrent effect, minimize fraud losses and improve control systems. The results of this study are expected to contribute to further understanding of the factors that influence the occurrence of fraud in various countries and sectors, and provide recommendations for preventing and overcoming fraud in various regions.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that can be fatal in a relatively short time. This disease is classified as "difficult to differentiate" from other dengue fever diseases. If without quick and appropriate treatment, the sufferer could fall into an even more fatal condition. And generally the supporting action taken is an X-ray examination of the chest to assess the presence of fluid in the pleura as a result of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito virus. The purpose of this research is to know the Comparison of Radiographic Results of Pleura Effusion on Right Lateral Decubitus Projection and LLD ( Left Lateral Decubitus ) in DHF ( Dengue Haemoragic Fever ) case. This research was conducted in RSU.Wisata Radiology installation of Universitas Indonesia Timur with quantitative research method with experimental design approach. Data collection is done by finding literature, observation, interview, and documentation. From the results of the research that the image of pleural effusion with RLD projection ( Right Lateral Decubitus ) shows better radiographic picture in assessing the level of pleural effusion with clinical DHF ( Dengue Haemoragic Fever ).

This PKM activity was carried out at the Muhammadiyah University of Jambi in the form of material presentations or lectures and discussions regarding the Introduction to Financial Technology (FinTech). In this PKM activity, Rian Dani, M.E., Dr. Agesha Marsyaf and Iqra Wiarta, M.M. act as Speaker. Participants in this PKM activity are students who have passed the 2023 Entrepreneurial Student Development Program (P2MW). The method used in this training is the Lecture Method. The lecture method is a method where the trainer verbally describes or explains to the training participants. Participants have an understanding of Financial Technology (FinTech) such as Crowdfunding, Microfinancing, P2P Lending Service, Market Comparison and Digital Payment Systems. This is marked by an understanding discussion and questions and answers conducted between the participants and the presenters.

discusses the analysis of education policy in England and compares it with the education situation in Indonesia. With a focus on England as a developed country, this research maps various aspects of education policy such as curriculum, funding, assessment, and follow-up after formal education. Meanwhile, education in Indonesia, as a developing country, is also experiencing significant developments in its education system. Through comparative analysis, this research evaluates the differences and similarities between the two countries, including aspects of access, quality and relevance of education. A literature review involving key references such as government reports and UNESCO publications formed the basis of this research. The results of the analysis are expected to provide insight into education policies in both countries, as well as clarify challenges and opportunities in improving the quality of education.

This study aims to analyze the education system, identify the problems faced, and analyze education policies in Brunei Darussalam, with a special comparison to education in Indonesia. Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia have different cultural, social, economic and political contexts, which influence the structure and implementation of their education systems. The research method used is descriptive and comparative analysis, utilizing secondary data from various literature sources, policies and educational reports. The results of the analysis show that Brunei Darussalam's education system is unique, with a focus on Islamic education and national values. However, several problems such as gaps in educational access and teaching quality are still challenges. On the other hand, Indonesia has a more complex education system with various challenges, including regional disparities, teacher quality, and limited educational infrastructure. A comparison between the two countries highlights differences in policy approaches, educational structures, and challenges faced. Brunei Darussalam emphasizes quality education and strengthening national identity, while Indonesia struggles with the challenges of inclusion and social inequality. The implication of this analysis is the importance of understanding the local context in designing educational policies that are effective and relevant to the needs of local communities. This study provides insight for policy makers to improve the education system and improve the quality of education in both countries.

This study explores the Islamic legal perspectives on online trading of defective goods, considering hadiths, laws, and comparisons with positive law, in the context of the increasing electronic commerce in the modern world. Findings highlight the seller's obligation to transparency and responsibility for defective goods, as well as the rights of buyers, providing a basis for practical recommendations including enhancing information transparency, forming policy based on Sharia principles, educating business operators and consumers, developing dispute resolution mechanisms in accordance with Islamic law, and implementing technology to improve transparency and compliance. Thus, it is hoped that consumer protection in the context of online trading can be enhanced in line with the moral and ethical principles of Islam, which in turn will support the sustainable development of electronic commerce

Understanding the concept of Justification by Faith is crucial for Christians, as it enables them to gauge their comprehension and application of this doctrine in their lives. Many Christians have yet to fully grasp this foundational aspect of their faith. This study aims to elucidate the true significance of Justification by Faith by comparing the perspectives of Paul and James, which at first glance, seem contradictory. This research employs a literature review approach, involving the identification, classification, and analysis of relevant literature on the topic of Justification by Faith according to Paul, James, and Calvin. The study involves a hermeneutical analysis of biblical texts, a comparison of theological perspectives, and a systematic organization of findings. Paul asserts that justification occurs through faith, independent of works, as an act of God's grace (Romans 3:28, 4:5). The law reveals human sinfulness and the need for divine justification through faith in Christ. James emphasizes that genuine faith is demonstrated through works (James 2:24). He argues that faith without works is dead and insists on the necessity of works as evidence of true faith. Calvin integrates both perspectives, emphasizing that justification by faith is inseparable from the process of regeneration by the Holy Spirit. He views faith as a gift from God that leads to good works, the fruit of genuine faith. Justification by Faith is an act of God that can only be achieved through His grace and the sacrifice of Jesus Christ (Romans 4:5; 5:6). Faith is rooted in the truth of God's revelation in Christ, culminating in belief in His crucifixion and resurrection. Both Paul and James agree that faith and works are essential in a genuine response to God, with good works being the inevitable result of true faith. This study underscores the interconnectedness of faith and works, aligning with Martin Luther's assertion that good works are the fruit of righteousness. The comprehensive understanding of Justification by Faith involves recognizing it as a divine act that provides hope for salvation through faith, a gift from God facilitated by the Holy Spirit (Ephesians 2:8; Galatians 5:22).  

Indonesia and China are two countries with rapidly developing economies in Southeast Asia. These two countries have great potential to attract foreign investment. However, there are differences in investment and foreign investment regulations in the two countries. This research aims to compare investment and foreign investment laws in Indonesia and China. This research uses normative legal research methods with a comparative approach. Research data was obtained from literature studies, namely laws, government regulations and other related literature. The research results show that there are similarities and differences in foreign investment and investment regulations in Indonesia and China. Similarities include, recognition of the rights of foreign investors; providing incentives for foreign investors; and resolving investment disputes. The differences include the subject of investment, business fields open to foreign investment, investment requirements. From this research, researchers can draw the title, namely Comparison of investment law and foreign investment in Indonesia and China