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Drug abuse among teenagers has become a serious problem that requires special attention in the Indonesian criminal law system. Teenagers as an age group that is vulnerable to external influences, often fall into drug use, either due to environmental factors, social interactions, or lack of understanding of its negative impacts. Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics is the main legal basis for combating the circulation and abuse of narcotics in Indonesia. Article 127 of Law Number 35 of 2009 regulates criminal sanctions for drug abusers, with the provision that drug users can be sentenced to a maximum of 4 years in prison for class I narcotics for themselves, 2 years for class II, and 1 year for class III.

This study discusses how Career Development influences Job Satisfaction at Aston Batam Hotel and Residence, where this study is motivated by employee complaints obtained from observation results questionnaires and data obtained from the research location. The purpose of this study is determine how much influence Career Development has on Job Satisfaction at Aston Batam Hotel and Reseidence. The type research used is quantitative descriptive with a sampling technique using total sampling applied to 102 respondents at Aston Batam Hotel and Residence. The data Collection technique used questionnaire with skala likert which has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis technique consist of data description, analysis requirements test with normality test, homogeneity test, and linearity test, and hypothesis test with simple linear regression test using SPSS version 26.00. The results of this study are Career Development is included in the good category with a respondent achievement level of 80.67%, and Job Satisfaction with a respondent achievement level of 82.19%, included in the good category. The results of the determination coefficient or R Square of 0.395 were obtained, which means that there is an influence of career development on job satisfaction of 39.5% and 60.5% is influenced by other factors not explained in this study.

This research aims to investigate the impact of extroverted personality traits on the dimensions of self-efficacy among employees in the telecommunications industry in Metro City. The study is grounded in the significance of innovation and employee performance in navigating today’s complex business environment. Employing a quantitative approach with a survey method, the study involved 110 respondents from the telecommunications sector. Data were gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using simple regression analysis. The findings indicate that extroversion has a positive and significant effect on all aspects of self-efficacy: level, generality, and strength. The mean score for extroversion was 4.15, while the mean scores for the self-efficacy dimensions were 4.18 (level), 4.30 (generality), and 4.32 (strength). Regression analysis revealed that extroversion influences the level dimension by 52.9%, generality by 64.8%, and strength by 69.1%. All hypotheses were supported with significance values below 0.05, indicating statistically significant relationships between the variables.

Early marriage is a social issue that negatively impacts adolescents' health, education, and overall well-being. Mimika Regency is one of the regions with a relatively high rate of early marriages. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the peer education method on adolescents’ attitudes toward marriage in Mimika Regency. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach. The study population consisted of adolescents aged 15–18 years residing in Mimika Regency, with a total sample of 65 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument was an attitude questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha score of 0.904, indicating that the instrument was reliable. Data were collected through a pre-test before the intervention and a post-test after the implementation of peer education. The results showed that the average score of adolescents' attitudes toward early marriage increased from 21.32 before the intervention to 30.98 after the intervention. Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (< α = 0.05), indicating a significant effect of peer education on adolescents’ attitudes toward marriage.Peer education significantly influences changes in adolescents’ attitudes in preventing early marriage in Mimika Regency.

This study aims to examine the effect of appliying the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue in female outdoor hockey athletes of Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The research employes a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest- Posttest Desing. A total of 12 female athletes from Universitas Negeri Surabaya were selected as the study sample. Data were collected through RPE (Rate of Percevied Exertion) quistionnaires, Vas (Visual Analogue Scale) questionnaires,and heart rate meassurements. The analysis of pretest and posttest heart rate values yielded a significant result (0,000 <0,05). Indicating a statistically significant effect of the Recovery Ice Bath. Similarly, the RPE and VAS questionnaire results showed significant values (0,002<0,05 for RPE and VAS), suggesting a substantial impact of the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue levels and pain in female outdoor hockey athletes at Universitas Negeri Surabaya.  In conclusion, the application of the Recovery Ice Bath significantly influences fatigue reduction in outdoor hockey athletes.athletes who underwent ice baths experienced a faster decline in physical fatigue and muscle soreness. Moreover, ice baths proved effective in accelerating muscle recovery, as evidenced by the reduced Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) after engaging in intense physical activity.

This study discusses the role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) in preventing deviant behavior in adolescents. Adolescence is a critical phase marked by changes in identity and environmental influences. Without proper guidance, adolescents are vulnerable to deviant behavior such as brawls, drug abuse, and free sex. With the increasing use of social media, ethical values ​​are often neglected, so relevant education becomes very important. Through a contextual approach, PAK is expected to shape the character and morals of adolescents. However, the effectiveness of PAK is often hampered by rigid teaching methods and a lack of collaboration between families, schools, and churches. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with literature analysis to explore the challenges and opportunities in implementing PAK. The results show that PAK has great potential in shaping the character of adolescents, but requires innovation and synergy from all related parties. Collaboration between families, schools, and churches is important to create an environment that supports the spiritual and moral growth of adolescents.

This research investigates the influence of perceived organizational support on organizational commitment, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. The study was carried out at the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Gianyar Regency, using a purposive sampling method to select 49 participants. A survey approach was adopted, employing both questionnaires and interviews as data collection tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis, specifically path analysis. The findings reveal that perceived organizational support positively and significantly influences organizational commitment. Additionally, perceived organizational support has a positive and significant relationship with job satisfaction. Job satisfaction, in turn, also positively and significantly affects organizational commitment. Moreover, job satisfaction is found to mediate the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational commitment. Theoretically, the study contributes to the understanding of social exchange theory in the context of organizational behavior. Practically, it offers insights into how enhancing perceived organizational support and fostering job satisfaction can improve employees’ commitment to the organization. The research underscores the importance of managing these two factors to strengthen organizational commitment.

This abstract discusses learning innovations in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) based on information technology as part of the digital transformation in Islamic education. This research aims to identify and analyze the application of information technology in the PAI learning process to improve the effectiveness, interactivity, and accessibility of Islamic education. A specific fact that is the focus is the rapid development of digital technology that influences traditional learning methods, as well as the urgent need to integrate technology into the PAI curriculum to suit the demands of the times. The research method uses a qualitative approach with case studies in several Islamic educational institutions that have implemented digital technology in PAI learning. The results of the research show that the use of information technology, such as digital learning applications, e-learning platforms and interactive multimedia, can increase student learning motivation, broaden the reach of education and support more personal and contextual learning. This research provides strategic recommendations for curriculum developers and educators to optimize the use of technology in PAI learning, while also emphasizing the importance of digital transformation as an effort to modernize sustainable Islamic education. Thus, PAI learning innovations based on information technology are key in facing the challenges and opportunities of the digital era.    

Instilling moral values in elementary school students presents its own challenges in the era of globalization, especially with the emergence of Generation Z, who have distinctive characteristics. This study aims to analyze the strategies employed by teachers in teaching moral education at the elementary level. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied by reviewing relevant literature sources. The findings reveal that teachers play a crucial role as role models and mentors in embedding Pancasila values through active learning, integrating moral values into the curriculum, and utilizing contextual learning media such as folklore rooted in local wisdom. Challenges encountered include environmental influences, limited resources, and students’ low awareness of the importance of morals. This study highlights the need for collaboration among schools, families, and communities, as well as continuous teacher competency development, to foster students with noble character, ethics, and readiness to contribute positively to the nation.

Deconstruction was introduced by a French philosopher born in Algeria, Jacques Derrida. This theory challenges the centralized and rounded mode of meaning as might be desired by the text or which is deliberately made clear by the logical relationship of the text. The “unspeakable” power of the text is the logic that is trivialized or underestimated as a secondary meaning that at times endangers the structure of the text or produces ambiguous paradoxes, which will erode the reader. Deconstruction aims to dismantle the Western metaphysical tradition such as Husserlin's phenomenology, Saussurean structuralism, structuralism. Derrida's deconstruction method is better known as metaphorical deconstruction. Metaphor here is not understood as an aspect of the expressive function of language but as an essential condition of speech. Metaphor represents one way of constructing discourse and strongly influences the understanding of various texts. Deconstruction is carried out on metaphorical texts composed by the author. Deconstruction can occur in the text itself or vice versa, we who deconstruct a text. In conclusion, deconstruction can be applied in everyday life by recognizing that other people's views on a topic and perspective may have different meanings from ours.

This study examines the development of Christological understanding in various cultural, historical and social contexts. Christology, as the study of the person and work of Jesus Christ, is central to the Christian faith and influences mission and religious practice. This study analyzes the basic understanding of Christology, its relationship to mission, its role in cultural contexts, and its development from the first Christian generation to contemporary life. Christological challenges identified include the tension between Jesus' humanity and divinity, and the contextualization of Christ's teachings in a pluralistic society. The findings show that a comprehensive christological understanding can bridge cultural differences and enrich interfaith dialog. The study also underscores the importance of applying Christological principles in daily life to create positive social impact and strengthen mission commitments.

This article explores the meaning of millennials in Revelation 20:1–6 through the lens of amillennialism within the framework of Reformed theology. The millennium—the thousand-year period of Christ's reign—is a central issue in Christian eschatological discussions, giving rise to three main views: premillennialism, postmillennialism, and amillennialism. Using historical-theological hermeneutics as well as the study of literature, this paper examines the symbolic meaning of the book of Revelation and how it has been interpreted throughout the history of the church. The amillennial approach interprets that Christ has reigned spiritually since His resurrection through His presence in the church, and that the millennium is not a literal period in the future, but rather describes the present era of the church. This understanding rejects the view of a literal thousand-year kingdom and focuses on Christ's ongoing work on the world. Therefore, the proper interpretation of millennials influences.

This study analyzes the impact of employee welfare on working conditions at PT P, focusing on welfare policies and facilities such as health insurance, employment insurance, on-site clinic services, maternity leave, workload balance, and working hours. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through interviews and direct observation of several employees. The findings show that company-provided welfare positively influences working conditions. Health facilities and work protection increase employees' sense of security and comfort. In addition, fair working hours, sufficient rest time, and attention to both physical and psychological well-being enhance work motivation and employee loyalty. Employees feel appreciated when the company supports work-life balance, leading to a more productive, harmonious, and low-conflict work environment. The study concludes that employee welfare is a key factor in shaping the quality of the workplace. 

Labelling within a group greatly influences the formation of individual identity within that group. Labeling also has an influence on the assessment of a particular race and culture. Sometimes the impact of labelling on an individual can have a negative connotation, therefore the role of the counselor is needed as a liaison to provide education related to multicultural education. This research uses qualitative methods with literature study techniques. The purpose of this study is to determine the labelling that affects the cultural identity of individuals. The results of the study, containing (1) Definition of RAS, (2) Definition of Labelling, (3) Definition of Cultural Identity, (4) Effect of RAS on Cultural Identity, (5) Effect of Labelling on Cultural Identity, (6) The Counselor's Role in Overcoming Labelling.

This study aims to determine and analyze the key factors that influence and significantly contribute to online purchasing decisions among consumers in Manado City, North Sulawesi. The research adopts a quantitative approach with factor analysis as the main method of data analysis. Judgmental sampling was employed to select participants who have experience in online shopping. Based on the results, seven dominant factors were identified that affect consumer decisions when making online purchases. These factors include: (a) Consumer Limitations and Access, which refer to time constraints and limited access to physical stores; (b) Desire and Technology, highlighting the role of consumer interest and technological literacy; (c) Product and Price Limitations, involving the lack of product variety and pricing differences; (d) Flexibility, which represents the freedom to shop anytime and anywhere; (e) Efficiency, such as time and cost savings; (f) Convenience, referring to the ease of the purchasing process; and (g) Economy and Social, which include discounts, promotions, and social influences. The study contributes to a better understanding of consumer behavior in digital commerce and provides useful insights for businesses and marketers to improve online customer experiences, particularly in regional markets such as Manado. The findings underscore the multidimensional nature of online shopping behavior in a rapidly growing digital economy.

Healthcare professionals are vulnerable to professional burnout and decreased motivation. In addition to these two things, life satisfaction is also an important aspect that needs attention. An important factor that influences professional burnout, employee motivation and life satisfaction is organizational culture. Organizational culture as a value system believed by all members of the organization, which is learned, applied and developed continuously, functions as an adhesive system, and can be used as a reference for behavior in the organization to achieve organizational goals that have been implemented. This study aims to analyze the effect of Organizational Culture on Life Satisfaction through professional burnout, and employee motivation as intervening variables in XXX Hospital. This research method is quantitative explanatory research. The sample in this study were health professionals of XXX Hospital totaling 74 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires and analysis techniques using SEM-PLS through the SmartPls application.The results showed that Organizational Culture directly and indirectly affects life satisfaction through professional burnout, and employee motivation as an intervening variable in health professionals at XXX Hospital. These results in theoretical implications support the theory and previous research. Managerially, it is expected to provide input for XXX Hospital management to strengthen organizational culture. These efforts can help reduce the level of professional burnout, increase employee motivation and ultimately increase the life satisfaction of health professionals. There is an influence of organizational culture on professional burnout, employee motivation and life satisfaction in healthcare professionals at XXX Hospital.

This study investigates the complexity of contextual meaning in political texts posted by public figures on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter). Grounded in Halliday and Hasan’s theory of situational context and Searle’s speech act theory, the research analyzes how political utterances function through locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts. The data, drawn from tweets during the 2024 Indonesian presidential election period, were collected using documentation and structured observation methods. The findings indicate that political texts on X are highly layered, combining explicit facts with implicit criticism, ideological stance, and persuasive strategies. Through representative, expressive, and directive speech acts, public figures construct meaning that influences public perception, evokes emotional responses, and fosters political alignment. This study contributes to the understanding of digital political discourse by highlighting how pragmatic strategies shape the interpretation of meaning in online political communication.

Indonesia is known as an archipelago located on the Ring of Fire, which is the confluence of three major tectonic plates, namely Indo Australia, Eurasia and the Pacific. This causes Indonesia to be an area at risk of experiencing various kinds of natural disasters. The elderly are one of the groups of people who are most vulnerable to the high psychological impact of natural disasters. Resilience in times of crisis is an important psychological ability in individuals, especially the elderly, because it is expected to make individuals strong and able to adapt to changes in conditions that occur in their lives. elderly, because it is expected to make individuals strong and able to adapt to changes in conditions that occur well. Resilience is a personal trait that refers to positive adaptation and reducing negative influences and stressors so that individuals can improve mentally and maintain their health despite experiencing severe problems. The purpose of this study is to determine and explore various images of resilience and to find out the importance of resilience for the elderly in dealing with disasters. The method used in this research is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method where the literature related to the research will be analyzed and synthesized. The results and conclusions of this study are that the many types of natural disasters that occur in Indonesia make people from every group, especially the elderly, have resilience. The literature analyzed is literature published on Google Scholar, ISSN standardized and published between 2019 and 2024. The number of literature analyzed in this study was 8 literature.  The results of this study are a description of the resilience of the elderly consisting of several categories / levels of resilience, things that affect resilience, how the elderly adjust, and elderly preparedness for natural disasters. In addition, this study concluded that resilience is important for the elderly to deal with natural disasters.

Adolescent obesity is an increasingly global public health concern, including in Indonesia. Fast food consumption characterized by high calories, fat, sugar, and sodium with low essential nutrients has been identified as a major contributing factor. This study aimed to analyze the association between fast food consumption and obesity in adolescents and evaluate other influencing factors such as socioeconomic status, physical activity, and psychological aspects. This descriptive analytical literature review used secondary data sourced from journals, books, and research reports, obtained through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings indicate a significant relationship between fast food consumption and increased obesity risk among adolescents. Socio-cultural influences, including advertising and accessibility, also shape dietary habits. Implications suggest the need for stricter fast food advertising regulations, improved nutrition education, and policies limiting fast food availability around adolescents. Routine fast food consumption has been proven to elevate obesity risk, underscoring the urgency of promoting healthy lifestyles and reducing fast food accessibility as preventive strategies.

Understanding chemical equilibrium concepts poses significant challenges for high school students due to the topic’s abstract and complex nature. This literature review identifies key factors contributing to these difficulties, including widespread misconceptions, cognitive and pedagogical barriers, and environmental influences such as family support and learning resources. The review highlights the importance of constructivist and cognitive learning theories in designing effective instructional strategies that actively engage students and facilitate deeper conceptual understanding. Furthermore, the integration of educational technologies—such as interactive simulations and virtual laboratories—provides enriched learning experiences that help overcome conceptual misunderstandings. An integrated approach combining innovative teaching methods and technology use is recommended to enhance students’ comprehension of chemical equilibrium. Future research should focus on practical applications of these models and evaluate their effectiveness across diverse educational settings.