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The change from the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era to Society 5.0 has had a significant impact on education, especially through the use of technology in the learning process. The use of electronic modules, which combine text, audio, images, animation, and video, is one of the important innovations that supports 21st century learning with a focus on critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity. This study uses bibliometric analysis to examine the trends and developments of electronic modules in economics learning from 2015 to 2024. The results of the study indicate that electronic modules increase students' independence and critical thinking skills and support more interactive and flexible learning. Bibliometric analysis conducted with VOSviewer identified research trends, topic relevance, and potential for further development. Electronic modules have proven to be an effective tool in digital education, although there are still some limitations in accessibility and interactivity. These findings emphasize the importance of innovation and continuous development of electronic modules in economics education to meet the needs of learning in the digital era.

This research aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of literature discussing the experience of using the project-based learning (PjBL) model in creative and entrepreneurship education. The method used is descriptive bibliometric analysis. The research results show increasing interest in PjBL in education, influenced by changes in the curriculum which emphasize project-based learning experiences and the role of technology in facilitating learning. PjBL not only improves technical skills but also soft skills such as communication, collaboration and time management, which are much needed in the modern world of work. The integration of technology in PjBL enables more interactive and interesting learning, increasing student engagement and motivation. In addition, this research highlights the importance of collaboration between researchers, educators and practitioners in developing learning models that are effective and relevant to the needs of industry and society. With a better understanding of user experiences in the PjBL context, learning practices can be developed more effectively to prepare future generations to face global challenges with creativity and confidence

This study aims to describe and analyze: The Implementation of Regional Regulation 19 of 2022 concerning the Authority of the Civil Service Police Unit in the Control of Street Vendors in Situbondo Regency. 2. The obstacles faced and what solutions have been carried out by the Civil Police in Controlling Street Vendors in Situbondo Regency. The research is a qualitative descriptive analysis. The data analysis technique uses a technique developed by McNabb (2002), namely Grouping the data according to key constructs, identifying bases for interpretation, developing generalizations from the data, Testing Alternative interpretations and Forming and/or refining generalizable theory from case study. The results of the study show that the Pamong Praja Police Unit in controlling Street Vendors in Situbondo Regency Based on article 19 of 2022 article 2 has been running in accordance with its duties and functions. In regulating street vendors, four policy implementation models are Communication Factors, Disposition Resources or Attitudes and Bureaucratic Structures.  The obstacles faced include human resource factors, both in terms of communication skills and approaches, as well as the number of members. The solutions carried out include Improving the Quality and Quantity of Human Resources at Satpol PP. By conducting an intensive coaching program to improve the competence and expertise of Satpol PP members in collaborating with the community to create community security and increase the number of Satpol PP members who are tasked with controlling street vendors. Improve socialization programs to the community and improve themselves by taking a persuasive approach and acting elegantly by not prioritizing arrogance as a security apparatus.

With the existence of SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa, it is expected to contribute to educating the nation's children in the Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang Regency. This research employs a Mixed Methods Research approach, which combines quantitative and qualitative methods, analyzing the graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa Vocational School and the needs of the global industry. Soft skills education is essentially a reflection of an individual's personality characteristics. It is important for students to apply soft skills such as motivation, respect for others, teamwork, self-discipline, self-confidence, work ethic, adherence to common norms, communication skills (both verbal and written), leadership, creativity, ambition, responsibility, and adaptability.

Literacy is an individual's ability to manage and understand information through reading and writing activities. This skill is closely related to language skills because it includes aspects of speaking, reading, writing, counting and problem-solving skills. In other words, literacy includes language abilities and skills, including reading, writing, speaking, counting, and problem solving at a certain level needed in everyday life. This research uses a literature study approach as the main method of data collection. In the process, the researcher conducted an in-depth study and understanding of various relevant theories from literature sources.Today, in the digital era, digital literacy is a very important ability for elementary school students to have. The development of information and communication technology has changed learning methods, so it is important that students have sufficient ability to access, evaluate and use digital information effectively. Digital literacy of primary school students includes various important elements. First, digital literacy enables students to develop skills in utilizing digital technology, including surfing the internet, understanding hardware and software, and using productivity applications. Second, digital literacy teaches students about the safety and ethical aspects of using technology, such as maintaining online privacy, protecting personal data and avoiding cyberbullying.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of training and mentoring programs for archive management targeting administrative staff at the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lampung. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Key informants included officials and administrative staff involved in archive management. The research identified supporting and inhibiting factors in program implementation and assessed its impact on staff competence enhancement. Findings revealed that the training positively contributed to improving participants' skills in archive classification, storage, and maintenance following national standards. Structural support and effective communication were identified as major supporting factors. However, challenges included limited facilities, low staff awareness, and a shortage of professional archivists. The study recommends sustainable mentoring, increased funding for facilities, and the adoption of digital archiving. These findings provide a foundation for developing more effective and adaptive training programs in higher education environments.

Indonesian is the national language used as the main means of communication in everyday life, both in education, government, and in the mass media. In this context, literacy methods are important to be applied in the process of learning Indonesian. Indonesian language education at the Senior High School (SMA) level plays an important role in shaping students' literacy skills, both in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. One of the main objectives of learning Indonesian is to develop effective communication skills and improve literacy skills that can support students' academic success and daily lives. The application of appropriate literacy methods is very necessary to help improve the quality of Indonesian language learning. Literacy methods in learning Indonesian can encourage students to be more active in reading, writing, and thinking critically. With the right method, students not only master Indonesian language material, but are also able to apply literacy skills in various life contexts. This study aims to apply literacy methods in learning Indonesian at SMA Negeri Restorasi Doreng. Literacy as the ability to understand, criticize, and produce texts has an important role in improving students' competence in language. The methods applied in this study involve various literacy techniques, such as critical reading, creative writing, and text-based discussions. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that the application of literacy methods can improve students' understanding of Indonesian language materials, enrich vocabulary, and hone their writing and speaking skills. In addition, the application of this method also succeeded in building more active student involvement in the learning process. Thus, the literacy method can be used as an alternative to improve the quality of Indonesian language learning at the high school level.

This study aims to explore the impact of the use of technological tools on English curriculum planning in the modern era. Technology has become an important part of 21st century education, especially for generation Z who are very familiar with information and communication technology. This study identified significant benefits of technology, such as increased student engagement, self-directed learning, and the development of critical thinking skills. However, there are challenges that must be overcome, such as limited resources, inadequate teacher training, and potential distractions from non-educational content.This study used a qualitative approach, involving interviews with educators and surveys of students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The results of the thematic analysis showed that technology integration can improve the quality of learning if these challenges are overcome through teacher training, cost-effective use of resources, and balanced technology use policies. Thus, technology can be a reliable and effective component in innovative and inclusive English curriculum planning.

Slang is a form of language that develops among teenagers, especially in urban environments, which often combines foreign elements or modifications of Indonesian. This research aims to identify the influence of the use of slang on the purity of Indonesian among teenagers. The main focus in making research is how the use of slang can have a positive and negative impact on Indonesian language skills in accordance with standard rules and structures. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, through interviews and observations of teenagers who often use slang. The research results show that although slang enriches vocabulary and provides space for self-expression, excessive use of slang can interfere with correct understanding of Indonesian, especially in formal communication contexts. Therefore, a balance between the use of slang and standard Indonesian is very necessary, especially among teenagers, to maintain the purity of the Indonesian language.

The digitalization of public services improves efficiency, openness, and accessibility, particularly in the administration of public grievances. Information and communication technology facilitates effective, rapid, and responsive complaint resolution while safeguarding user data security. This strategy promotes public engagement using digital channels, including web applications, social media, and unified online complaint mechanisms. Nonetheless, issues such as the digital divide, technological proficiency, and infrastructure preparedness must be resolved. This study utilizes a literature review methodology, employing documentation methodologies and content analysis. The results indicate that the use of e-Government in Indonesia has markedly enhanced the efficiency, openness, and accountability of public services. The use of technology enhances the administration of public grievances in accordance with principles of good governance and current rules. However, issues with infrastructure, human resources, and community engagement remain. To optimize its beneficial effects, initiatives should concentrate on improving technology infrastructure, advancing human resource skills, and amplifying public awareness of the advantages of e-Government. These approaches intend to enhance the system's efficacy in providing high-quality and responsive public services.

This training aims to enhance the skills of students at SMA Budi Agung Medan in journalistic writing and becoming skilled news presenters. The method employed includes a participatory approach through intensive training, group discussions, and hands-on practice. The program provides an in-depth understanding of journalistic writing techniques, mastery of news language, as well as confidence and techniques for on-camera presentations. The training results show a significant improvement in participants' abilities, both in writing news articles according to journalistic standards and delivering news professionally. This training has a positive impact on students' communication skills while preparing them to face the challenges of the mass media industry.

Disorders of the human sensory system can significantly impact quality of life, affecting communication skills, mobility, and daily activities. This study analyzes the relationship between sensory system disorders and human health using a descriptive qualitative approach. The method involves collecting data from relevant literature and thematic analysis to understand the causes, impacts, and preventive measures for sensory disorders. The research findings indicate that early detection and appropriate handling are crucial to mitigate negative effects. Public awareness of the importance of maintaining sensory system health also needs to be enhanced through education and collaboration among various stakeholders.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has drastically changed the global employment landscape, necessitating the comprehensive development of 21st-century skills in education systems. This study examines how private high schools in Indonesia implement 21st-century skills, focusing on the barriers faced, the strategies used, and their impact on student learning outcomes. We used a mixed-methods approach involving 200 students, 25 teachers, and 10 principals from five private high schools in Java. Data were collected through surveys, semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed four main barriers: limited teacher preparedness, limited resources, difficulties in assessment, and resistance to changes in teaching methods. Effective strategies implemented included ongoing professional development programs, integrating learning technology, project-based learning, and strengthening teacher collaboration. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in students' critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication skills in schools implementing the comprehensive strategy. This research provides theoretical contributions to understanding the implementation context in developing countries while offering practical implications for policy makers, school administrators, and educators in designing contextual and sustainable 21st-century skills development programs.

This research is motivated by the lack of ability of prospective teachers in communicating with students which causes the learning process to be less effective. The purpose of this study is to analyze learning communication using the VICS (Verbal Interaction Category Systems) model for prospective vocational teachers in the Teaching Skills Practice (PKM). This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with case study analysis. The sample is students who are taking part in the Teaching Skills Practice (PKM) at SMK Teknik Bangunan as many as 3 people. Data collection uses interaction observation instruments, interviews and documentation. The results of the study showed that the average frequency of areas A, B, D, E, D, H, I was very high at 46.65% which stated that prospective teachers still dominate during learning activities compared to students, the frequency of areas C, G, J, K, L, M, P, Q, R was 30.37% which stated that there was already feedback interaction between prospective teachers and students, and the frequency of areas N, O, S, T was only 22.98% which stated that student activities were still too passive compared to teachers during the learning process in class. Thus, it can be concluded that learning communication carried out in teaching skills practice is dominated by the teacher.

The development of information and communication technology in Indonesia continues to grow rapidly, as evidenced by the internet penetration rate reaching 73.3% in 2019 (APJII). With 144.19 million out of 196.71 million Indonesians having internet access, the country has become the largest digital economy market in Southeast Asia (Google e-Conomy SEA, 2020). West Java Province recorded the highest number of internet users, followed by Central Java, DKI Jakarta, and Jambi. In response to this development, President Joko Widodo has designated accelerating digital transformation towards becoming a "digital nation" as one of the main visions of his administration, focusing on the development of digital talent human resources. This program emphasizes the importance of digital literacy, which includes individuals' ability to access, understand, create, communicate, and evaluate digital technology (UNESCO, 2018). The Minister of Communication and Information Technology targets digital literacy for 12.5 million Indonesians by 2020–2024 to enhance cognitive abilities beyond merely operating devices. In this context, lecturers from the Institute of Technology and Business Pelita Raya launched a community service activity on digital literacy themed "Embracing Technology: Equipping Students in the Digital Era at SMA N 12 Tanjung Jabung Barat." This activity aims to equip students with relevant digital skills to face the challenges of the digital era and contribute to Indonesia's digital transformation.

The issue of limited employment access for persons with disabilities is a strategic concern that demands serious attention, particularly in Medan City. Unit Layanan Disabilitas (ULD) under the Department of Manpower of Medan City was established as a government initiative to support persons with disabilities in obtaining equal employment rights. ULD has demonstrated positive initiatives through skills training, coordination with companies, and the placement of workers with disabilities. However, its effectiveness in realizing inclusive employment still faces various internal challenges, such as limited personnel capacity and suboptimal work structure. The research method used in this study is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The data was analyzed qualitatively usingInstitutional Capacity Development indicators proposed by Merilee S. Grindle (1997), which include three dimensions: Human Resource Development, Organizational Strengthening, and Institutional Reform. The results of this study indicate thatthat in the dimension of human resource development, some ULD members have not received adequate training, there are no specialized assistants, and the recruitment process is not yet based on specific competencies. In terms of organizational strengthening, unclear division of tasks, weak internal communication systems, and suboptimal leadership in directing cross-sectoral teamwork were identified. Meanwhile, in the institutional reform dimension, there is still a lack of concrete policy support from the local government. Nevertheless, ULD has successfully facilitated the employment of 42 persons with disabilities in companies that provide inclusive job opportunities to fulfill the 1% employment quota for persons with disabilities

THis community service activity aims to enhance the human resource capacity of Dasawisma members in effective administration management as a family development data base at the sub-district level. The assistance was conducted using a participatory approach and hands-on practice, including socialization, technical administrative training, and reflective discussion. The results indicated an increase in Dasawisma members' understanding of the importance of orderly, systematic, and integrated administration in supporting social activities. Members' technical skills in managing family data, filling administrative books, classifying information, and preparing simple reports improved significantly. Furthermore, the assistance strengthened communication and coordination between Dasawisma and sub-district officials, promoted group independence, and strengthened Dasawisma's role as a key data source for family development. These findings confirm that planned and participatory higher education assistance plays a strategic role in community empowerment, supports good governance at the local level, and can serve as a replicable model for other community development programs.

The development of the Indonesian nation at this time is development in the economic field to improve the standard of living and welfare of the entire nation. So how can we direct students toward an active financial life? This can be achieved by teaching entrepreneurial activities to students, so that students develop entrepreneurship, for example through school cooperatives. Business values ​​(characteristics) are conveyed through actual sales activities in school cooperatives. Where some students are directly involved in the management of the student's school cooperative itself. Based on this background, the objectives of this research are: (1) Describe student cooperative activities at SMK Negeri 1 Jabon Sidoarjo to form student entrepreneurship participants. (2) description of student entrepreneurship through student cooperatives at SMK Negeri 1 Jabon Sidoarjo. (3) Describe the factors that support and hinder the growth of entrepreneurial creativity in students of SMK Negeri 1 Jabon Sidoarjo through student cooperatives. The research method used to write this research is descriptive qualitative research taken from various journal articles and the author collects and analyzes various references to these articles. All data that is summarized in scientific articles on qualitative data does not use numbers, tables, g-tables or graphs, but rather in the form of descriptions from various sources or scientific journal references. Research using descriptive techniques is data analysis by describing or illustrating the collected data just like that, without drawing conclusions. The following can be interpreted from data analysis: 1) Activities that aim to form the entrepreneurial spirit of students are as direct learning and student participation in various activities in cooperatives, and entrepreneurial activities of students are formed following the activities of various cooperatives. Entrepreneurial values ​​among students are leadership, confident, communicative, responsible, honest handling, diligent, cooperative and willing to take risks. (2) Entrepreneurial skills developed by students, for example the ability to provide good service and communication, manage and make good use of time, lead cooperatives well and think smartly to seize opportunities. (3) The enabling aspect is encouragement or motivation from parents of students and students who have the desire to become entrepreneurs, while two things that become inhibiting factors are: Lack of funds and geographic location

Accurate English pronunciation is essential for clear and efficient communication. It guarantees that concepts are grasped and helps avoid misunderstandings. Pronouncing words correctly boosts confidence when speaking and facilitates the easy and clear expression of ideas. By assisting people in accurately identifying and reproducing sounds, it also improves listening skills. Correct pronunciation makes a big impression and can open up more options in both professional and academic settings. In the end, mastering pronunciation improves relationships with people from different cultural backgrounds, promoting improved communication and international interaction.

Accurate English pronunciation is essential for clear and efficient communication. It guarantees that concepts are grasped and helps avoid misunderstandings. Pronouncing words correctly boosts confidence when speaking and facilitates the easy and clear expression of ideas. By assisting people in accurately identifying and reproducing sounds, it also improves listening skills. Correct pronunciation makes a big impression and can open up more options in both professional and academic settings. In the end, mastering pronunciation improves relationships with people from different cultural backgrounds, promoting improved communication and international interaction.