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The purpose of this study is to examine the scientific construction of Ilmu Balaghoh or Arabic rhetoric using the philosophy of science approach. Ilmu Balaghoh is a crucial discipline in Islamic scholarship that explores the beauty, meaning, and power of language, particularly concerning the articulation of the beauty and meaning of Qur'anic texts. The philosophy of Ilmu Balaghoh provides a new perspective on its ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. This research employs a qualitative method through literature analysis, utilizing both primary and secondary sources, including references on Balaghoh and the philosophy of science. The findings reveal that Balaghoh is not merely about language but possesses philosophical absorption as an approach to constructing sentences that convey meaning and messages aesthetically. The ontology of Ilmu Balaghoh pertains to the essence of language as a medium of divine and human communication, while its epistemology lies in analogical and deductive methods to generate knowledge. The axiology of Balaghoh focuses on the development of communication ethics and rhetoric in Islamic studies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that Ilmu Balaghoh is a complex and integral discipline that enriches the study of language and values in Islam. This study is expected to serve as a foundational framework for the development of Ilmu Balaghoh in the context of contemporary and interdisciplinary studies.

A factory is an industrial building that designed for processing raw materials into products, such as Light Weight Brick Factory that produce light weight brick and other products. The construction of a Lightweight Brick Factory plays a significant role in fostering regional economic development. However, the construction process for this factory has faced several issues leading to delays. This study focuses on the delays encountered in the lightweight brick factory construction project in Lamongan, which had a planned completion timeline of 15 weeks and a contract value of IDR 1,835,474,186. By week 10, the project was delayed by -42.73%, followed by delays of -42.66% in week 11, -44.84% in week 12, -48.08% in week 13, -46.18% in week 14, and -44.68% in week 15 compared to the planned schedule. The project cost performance index (CPI) of 1.32 shows that the actual project costs are smaller than budgeted, The primary factor contributing to the delay was attributed to the contractor or vendor, who faced cash flow issues due to other ongoing challenges.

This research aims to test how much influence Organizational Culture and Transformational Leadership Style have on the Performance of Employees of the Highways and Construction and Spatial Planning Department of West Sumatra Province with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable. The sample in this study amounted to 53 respondents. The population in this study were 53 employees who worked in the West Sumatra Provincial Development and Development Agency for Works and Spatial Planning in 2021/2023. The results of this research are (1) There is a positive and significant influence between organizational culture on work motivation at the Department of Highways, Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province (2) There is a positive and insignificant influence between Transformational Leadership Style on Work Motivation at the Department of Highways Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province (3) There is a positive and insignificant influence between Organizational Culture on Employee Performance at the Department of Highways Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province. (4) There is a positive and insignificant influence between Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Performance at the Cipta Karya Highways Service and West Sumatra Province Spatial Planning. (5) There is a positive and significant influence between Work Motivation on Employee Performance at the Cipta Karya Highways Service and West Sumatra Province Spatial Planning Service. (6) There is a positive and significant influence between Employee Performance on Employee Performance through Work Motivation at the Department of Highways, Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province. (7) There is a positive and insignificant influence between Leadership Style Transformational on Employee Performance through Work Motivation at the Department of Highways, Cipta Karya and Spatial Planning of West Sumatra Province.

Factory is an Industrial Building that processing raw material. This Light Weight Brick Factory Constructions will help the region to develop their economies further. In this case, the Lightweight Brick Factory Constructions have several problem that cause construction delays. This research was carried out because of delays in the lightweight brick factory construction project in Lamongan which was scheduled for completion in the 15th week with a contract value of IDR 1,835,474,186. in week 10 there was a delay of - 42.73%, week 11 there was a delay of - 42.66%, week 12 there was a delay of - 44.84%, week 13 there was a delay of - 48.08%, week 14 have a delay of -46.18%, and week 15 have a delay of -44.68% from the planned schedule. The results of the research analysis of the project Schedule Performance Index (SPI) at the 15th week of review were 0.55, indicating that the project was have a delays. These results show that the project was 11 weeks late out of the planned 16 weeks. The factor that made the project late in completion was the contractor or vendor because there were other problems that created a lack of cash flow  

Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) is an important aspect in supporting sustainable development while minimizing negative impacts on the environment. This research evaluates B3 waste management at PT. Z, a construction company that plays an important role in the production and maintenance. Evaluations are carried out on technical and non-technical aspects, including waste identification, temporary storage, transportation, and compliance with regulations such as PP Number 22 of 2021 and other related regulations. The research method uses a quantitative and qualitative approach, with primary data obtained through field observations, interviews and documentation, while secondary data includes SOPs, waste balances and logbooks. The analysis was carried out using a checklist and scoring method based on the Guttman scale to assess the level of compliance of B3 waste management with regulations. The research results show that B3 waste management at PT. The Z already meets most technical and regulatory standards with some aspects requiring improvement. This research is expected to provide an overview of the conditions of B3 waste management at PT. Z as well as relevant recommendations to increase management effectiveness, support regulatory compliance, and encourage the achievement of sustainable development goals.

Concrete is an important aspect of building construction, one of which is road construction. Concrete is used for road construction because it has the advantages of high compressive strength, easy maintenance, ease of formation, and easy to obtain components. Road construction using concrete is applied to the reconstruction of the Kebumen South Ring Road, where the Kebumen South Ring Road is a 9.07 km long national road. National roads are arterial and collector roads in the primary road network system that connect provincial capitals, national strategic roads, and toll roads. Therefore, construction on national roads requires strong and good materials on the Kebumen South Ring Road to optimize road use. In this study, the concrete is composed of Bima cement as Portland cement, coarse aggregate from Kebumen, fine aggregate from the Progo River, and water from drilled wells. The admixture was obtained from a Conmix HK 2. Subsequently, all ingredients were mixed using a mixer truck. The concrete mixture was molded into cylinders and blocks. In this study, the average results of the 5-day concrete compressive strength test were obtainedwhich is 373.42 kg/cm2 and 28-day-old concrete is 442.32 kg/cm2. The average result of the 5-day concrete flexural test is50.65 kg/cm2 and that of 28-day-old concrete was 60.73 kg/cm2. The results are in accordance with the general specifications of the Bina Marga, namely, 45 kg.

The study aims to identify factors affecting the success of construction projects and develop effective mitigation strategies using the House of Risk (HOR) approach. The qualitative method used in the study is observation, observation, analysis, and discussion of team members. The Risk Assessment (Agen Risiko) is identified and directed on HOR-1, based on Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP), and HOR-2, focuses on the implementation of mitigation measures. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HOR approach in mitigating and reducing risks in construction projects, providing practical guidance to increase risk management and evaluating the effectiveness of mitigation strategies.

The integration of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics into financial risk management has substantially altered operational dynamics within various industries. This paper explores the dual-edged impact of these technologies, emphasizing both the opportunities they create and the challenges they present. Opportunities discussed include enhanced decision-making through advanced data processing, increased transactional transparency and security via blockchain, and improved operational efficiencies through automation. Conversely, the challenges encompass heightened cybersecurity risks, evolving regulatory compliance demands, costly technological integrations, and the emerging skill gaps in managing these digital tools. The paper further investigates the implications of these transformations for different sectors including banking, SMEs, and the construction industry. Each sector faces unique challenges and benefits from the adoption of these technologies. Future trends suggest a continued evolution influenced by technological innovation and regulatory changes. The paper underscores the necessity for ongoing research and adaptive strategies to fully leverage digital advancements in managing financial risks. By understanding these dynamics, financial institutions can better navigate the complexities of the digital age, ensuring robust risk management and a competitive edge in the global market.

Occupational Safety and Health is a field related to the health, safety, and welfare of people working in an institution or at a project site. PT Rindang Tigasatu Pratama is a company engaged in the construction services sector that has been established since 1980 in Kotabumi, North Lampung Regency. The Kalianda Convention Hall construction project is one of the projects carried out by PT Rindang Tigasatu Pratama as a contractor. The results of the observation showed that only 43% of the 44 workers always wore helmets. The use of safety vests was even lower, at 27%. As many as 68% of workers always wore boots. For gloves, only 30% of workers consistently used them. On the other hand, all workers showed a high awareness of the importance of ensuring safe working conditions to ensure safety and smooth work. These findings highlight the need for further efforts to increase awareness and comfort in the use of personal protective equipment among construction workers.

Mining roads are one of the most important facilities that greatly affect the smoothness of production and affect mining costs. Therefore, the construction of mining roads must be carried out carefully to meet technical and work safety standards. Road conditions, distance, road slope and road carrying capacity will greatly affect the production capacity of heavy equipment, especially the production capacity of transport equipment. The location of this research is at PT. Energi Cahaya Industritama, precisely in Palaran sub-district, Samarinda city, East Kalimantan province. After observations were made at the research location, it was found that the geometric conditions of the road did not comply with the standards based on the overburden transport equipment or the largest transport equipment, for example, the width of the road on bends and the slope of the road. After conducting the research, the results of the data from the geometry of the access road were obtained, namely, the actual condition of the geometry of the access road on the straight road width is divided into 6 segments with a width of 13.3 meters, 14.3 meters, 14.5 meters, 13.2 meters, 15 meters, 15.7 meters. Meanwhile, the width of the bend road is also divided into 2 segments with a width of 15.9 meters and 15.5 meters respectively. And on the slope of the road there are 2 segments with values ​​of 11.1% and 14.8% respectively. Based on the results of the simulation software, the productivity of the transport equipment was obtained at 92.42 BCM/hour, which shows that productivity has increased by 12.23 BCM/hour from the actual productivity value of 80.109 BCM/hour. It has an average cycle time of 10.33 minutes, which shows a reduction in time or 6.01 minutes faster than the actual average cycle time of 16.34 minutes.

This research aims to identify risks and determine responses to risks that can affect the implementation of the Bojonegoro Regency Oncology Specialised Hospital Construction Project Phase 2. The research was conducted using literature study and field study methods. Primary data was obtained through documentation, field surveys, and interviews, while secondary data included the Cost Budget Plan (RAB), project schedule, and weekly project reports. Sampling was conducted using the Slovin technique to obtain a representative number of respondents. The results showed that there were 31 relevant risk variables, grouped into 8 categories, namely force majeure, material, equipment, labour, contractual, construction, design and technology, and management risks. Significant risks were identified using the Severity Index method, which measures probability and time impact. The results of the risk analysis using the severity index method showed that there were 24 risks included in the low risk level, 3 risks included in the medium risk level, and 2 risks included in the high risk level.

The construction of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) is one of the strategic measures to address urban transportation problems, such as congestion and limited mobility. The Official Development Assistance (ODA) policy channeled through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) plays an important role in supporting this project, both in financial and technical terms. This study aims to analyze the contribution of ODA policy in the development of Jakarta MRT, particularly its impact on improving transportation infrastructure, economic growth, and environmental quality. The research method used is a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis from official documents, reports, and related studies. The result shows that the policy of Official Development Assistance (ODA) through JICA in the construction of MRT Jakarta has significantly contributed to the improvement of transportation infrastructure, congestion reduction, and economic growth. The technical and financial support from JICA enables Indonesia to utilize Japanese technology to create a sustainable transportation system.

Delays in project implementation are caused by a lack of good control so that it affects the cost and completion time. The purpose of the study is to determine or predict how much a project will cost at the time of implementation and to determine the effectiveness of project control using the Earned Value Method. Aspects of project implementation time in weeks 2,4,5,9,11,13,16,17, 18,20,21,24 are slower than the planned schedule, this is indicated from the Schedule Variant (SV) indicator. While the performance of the project implementation time in week 3,6,7,8,10,12,14,15,19,22 is faster than the plan schedule, this is indicated by the Schedule Variant (SV) is positive. While the cost performance aspects of project implementation from week 6,9,11,13,17,19,22,23 incurred costs greater than the plan cost, this is indicated from the Cost Variant (CV) indicator is negative. Whereas in weeks 7,8,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,21, 24 incurred costs less than the plan cost, this is indicated by a positive Cost Variance (CV) indicator. The calculation results obtained from the effectiveness value of 1.603 for controlling the cost and time of the project using the Earned Value Method. In other words, the results of the effectiveness value greater than 1 (one) can be said to control the construction project of the Situbondo Regency bagor bridge very effectively using the Earned Value method.

The aim of this research is to analyze the feasibility of investing in North Surabaya Hospital, Bulak District, Surabaya City with the parameters Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Payback Period. This research focuses on the North Surabaya Hospital which was built by the Surabaya City Government Health Service with a budget for 2026. The research instruments used were interview guidelines and observation sheets, with data collection procedures via location with related parties in the construction of the hospital, site observation, as well as documentation that includes primary and secondary data. Based on investment analysis of North Surabaya Hospital and evaluation of sensitivity to operational costs and potential income, the conclusion obtained is: Alternative 1 is feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 211,014,227,005, IRR of 9.85%, BCR of 1.23 and PP of 7.69 years, but will be sensitive to the point that it is not feasible if there is an increase in hospital operational costs above 2.05% or a decrease in hospital service levy rates above 1.39% . Alternative 2 is not feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 28,416,192,984, IRR of 6.57%, BCR of 1.14 and PP of 8.34 years, but it will be sensitive and feasible if there is a decrease in hospital operational costs above 7.73% or an increase in hospital service levy rates above 5.59%. Alternative 3 is not feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 66,444,241,124, IRR of 7.30%, BCR of 1.16 and PP of 8.20 years, but it will be sensitive and feasible if there is a decrease in hospital operational costs above 5.7% or an increase in hospital service levy rates above 4.08%. Alternative 4 is feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 166,294,504,181, IRR of 9.26%, BCR of 1.20 and PP of 7.70 years, but it will be sensitive to the point of being unfeasible if there is an increase in hospital operational costs above 0.15% or a decrease in hospital service levy rates above 0.10%.

This research examines the legal construction of interfaith marriage in Indonesia within its pluralistic context. Through socio-legal analysis, it explores current regulations, implementation practices, and challenges in accommodating interfaith marriages under Indonesian law. The study analyzes Marriage Law No. 1/1974, Civil Administration Law, and relevant court decisions, revealing gaps between constitutional rights of religious freedom and existing marriage regulations. Research methods include document analysis, case studies, and comparative legal analysis with other pluralistic societies. Findings indicate significant challenges in legal recognition and civil registration of interfaith marriages, impacting citizens' constitutional rights. The study proposes legislative reforms and administrative improvements to better accommodate religious diversity while maintaining legal certainty. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on legal pluralism and religious freedom in Indonesian marriage law.

The aim of this research is to see how moderate Muslim culture is depicted in Indonesian religious films by looking at da'wah. Religious films are one of the most effective media for conveying Islamic values ​​to the general public and examining relevant social and ideological dynamics. This research uses narrative analysis as part of a qualitative approach to find features, preaching messages and story elements. The main focus is how religious films help people better understand Islam by encouraging tolerance, inclusion and relevance to modern society. This study found that Indonesian religious films often depict social and spiritual conflicts that prevent Muslims from maintaining moderate values. People who encourage conversation, defend moral principles, and reconcile religious education with contemporary life are representative of moderate Muslims. It is hoped that this research will be a guide for filmmakers who want to make films that depict Islam in a moderate way.

Augmented Reality (AR) applications are rapidly gaining popularity across various industries, including education and marketing. By integrating real-world environments with virtual objects, AR enhances user understanding and information display for products. This paper explores Diminished Reality (DR) techniques, which are used to visually remove real objects from AR environments. Despite growing interest, much of the DR research predominantly focuses on maintaining consistency between real and virtual elements, particularly in texture handling on marker areas. Our study addresses the preservation of depth consistency using edge detection and planar segmentation to construct a depth map, essential for developing effective DR methods. We introduce a two-stage process involving depth mask construction, each stage equipped with error measurement for iterative refinement. Our proposed techniques, Planarity and Boundary Depth, are evaluated on a dataset of high-quality RGB images captured by digital cameras. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our methods across various performance metrics, confirming the practicality of our approach in enhancing AR experiences.

This study aims to construct elementary school students understanding of the eclipse phenomenon through the integration of science and local wisdom. This case study explores the use of the Bancakan Gerhono tradition as a learning method to improve students conceptual understanding of the eclipse, as well as how this approach can strengthen culture based learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subjects of the study consisted of 6th grade elementary school students and science teachers at SDN Boja 01. Data validity techniques were carried out through triangulation of sources, methods, researchers, and theories. Data were analyzed using an interactive model from Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The results of the study showed that the integration of the Bancakan Gerhono tradition in science learning significantly improved students understanding of eclipses. Students were able to relate scientific concepts to their cultural context, making learning more meaningful and relevant. The acceptance of the integration of local wisdom in learning was very positive, both from students and teachers. This approach was also proven to be effective in increasing student engagement and strengthening their conceptual understanding. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating local wisdom into the science curriculum to create holistic and contextual learning. this study also recommends further development regarding the application of local tradition sin various disciplines in elementary school.

The social construction of celebrities in the world of politics has become a phenomenon that attracts attention, especially in relation to educational empowerment and media influence. Celebrity-driven voter campaigns often elicit positive responses from younger audiences, who may previously be less interested in political issues. Thus, collaboration between education and media not only increases political awareness but also encourages active community involvement. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature study approach, analyzing previous research to understand the role of celebrities in influencing involvement in the realm of political society. The research results show that celebrities play an important role in increasing people's political awareness. Education contributes to the political understanding of celebrities, who often use their platforms to spread information about political issues. Media, especially social media, amplifies these messages and allows direct interaction with fans, encouraging political participation, especially among the younger generation. Voter campaigns promoted by celebrities often attract the attention of audiences previously less interested in politics. This research confirms that celebrities are not only entertainment figures, but also agents of social change who have the potential to influence political dynamics through education and the media.

Medokan Ayu Marine Tourism Surabaya is a PPM AAL Community service assisted village, which is included in the Long-term PPM AAL Community Service program, and every year is programmed with activities that continue to be provided according to the needs of the community, especially fishermen, to help to improve the welfare of fishermen who scavenge fortunes in Medokan Ayu marine tourism. The implementation of community service activities in Medokan Ayu marine tourism will be carried out from January to May 2022. The results of the activities are: 1) the construction of the Medokan Ayu Marine Tourism Pier, 2) the provision and installation of 2 Gazebos on the pier, and 3) the provision of ceramics to be installed at the pier.  It is recommended that the development of Medokan Ayu marine tourism, continue to be carried out until it can contribute to improving the welfare of the community, especially fishermen.