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The main problem in this study is whether the use of flashcard media can improve letter recognition for second grade students in the Indonesian language subject at SD Inpres Malakaya, Gowa Regency. Based on the observations, several problems were found which were identified as the cause of the low recognition of letter shapes in class II students, namely the teacher still used one learning method and used less interesting media, so that learning became boring. This study aims to determine the use of flashcard media to improve letter recognition for class II students in the Indonesian language subject at SD Inpres Malakaya, Gowa Regency.This research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) with individual learning models. CAR is carried out in two cycles where each cycle is held in three meetings with one evaluation. The subjects in this study were 25 grade II students of SD Inpres Malakaya, 15 male students and 10 female students.The data source is class II students, amounting to 25 students. CAR carried out in cycles I and II. The use of flashcard media in Indonesian subjects is proven to be able to improve the recognition of letter shapes for class II students. This can be seen from the results of the percentage of student completeness in cycle I by 24% and increased in cycle II by 92%. So it can be concluded that the use of flashcard media can improve the recognition of letter shapes for class II students of SD Inpres Malakaya, Gowa Regency.

He background of this research is the low learning outcomes of students in class III at SDN Ngijo 01 Gunungpati District, Semarang City, because the learning process is still centered on the teacher who still follows the habit in the order that begins with the teacher directly explaining the material, then evaluates students through practice. The expected goal in this study is to improve student learning outcomes in learning with the Problem Based Learning model. This type of research is Classroom Action Research which is focused on action as an effort to improve student learning outcomes by using the Problem Based Learning learning model for class III students at SDN Ngijo 01 Gunungpati District, Semarang City. This research consists of 5 cycles. Each of these cycles includes the stages of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research subjects were class III SDN Ngijo 01 Semarang, totaling 21 students consisting of 10 male students and 11 female students. Data collection methods in this study are tests and observations. The research instruments used in this study were test questions and observation sheets. Data on learning outcomes tests were analyzed in a quantitative descriptive manner and the data in the form of observations were analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The success criteria achieved by students and teachers in this study were seen from changes towards improvement and increasing student learning outcomes. The results of classroom action research carried out by the author in five cycles resulted in an increase in students' learning completeness. This can be seen from the percentage of students who pre-action achieved 38% classical mastery level, namely 8 out of 21 students. From the first cycle of students who completed only 12 or 57% of students' completeness, the second cycle had 62% classical completeness, the third cycle had 71% classical completeness, the fourth cycle had 86% classical completeness, the V cycle had 90% classical completeness. Due to the increase in student learning outcomes from having met the target of 85% so that the cycle ends in cycle V. Students show activeness in the learning process and students also understand more because they have direct learning experiences using the Problem Based Learning learning model. This proves that the Problem Based Learning learning model is able to improve student learning outcomes.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of class I students at SDN Ngijo 01 Semarang in the material form of shapes using smart board media. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. This research consists of 5 cycles. Each of these cycles includes the stages of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research subjects were class I SDN Ngijo 01 Semarang, totaling 28 students consisting of 10 male students and 18 female students. Data collection methods in this study are tests and observations. The research instruments used in this study were test questions and observation sheets. The data analysis technique used in this study is a qualitative descriptive technique with percentages. The success criteria achieved by students and teachers in this study were seen from changes towards improvement and increasing student learning outcomes. The results of the study show that the use of smart board media is able to improve student learning outcomes in the shape material. This can be seen from the percentage of students' pre-action scores that achieved 39.3% classical mastery level, namely 11 out of 28 participants. In cycle I 64% completeness classical, cycle II 68% completeness classical, cycle III 71% completeness classical, cycle IV 75% completeness classical, cycle V 89% completeness classical. Due to the increase in student learning outcomes from having met the target of 85% so that the cycle ends in cycle V. Students show activeness in the learning process and students also understand more because they have direct learning experiences using smart board media.

One effort to improve poetry writing skills in grade 4 students is to choose the rightmethod. In learning Indonesian, there is a lack of students' skills in writing poetry, low learning outcomes in poetry writing skills using inappropriate methods. The method used in this study is the image media method, which is a method for conveying material with a fun activity. This study aims to improve the poetry writing skills of grade 4 students at SDN 2 Cimanggu. This type of research is classroom action research consisting of two cycles which include planning, implementing, observing, reflecting. The research subjects were 20 grade 4 students at SDN 2 Cimanggu. Sources of data come from teachers and students. Data collection techniques using observation, written tests and documentation. The data collection instruments used were lesson plans, teacher observation sheets, student observation sheets and poetry writing assessment rubik. There is an increase in student learning outcomes after using media images. The results of the pre-action research showed that the average value of writing poetry was 58.25 with 20% student completeness, then cycle I learning activities with an average of 69 with 60% student completeness. Furthermore, in cycle II, students' learning abilities increased by an average of 76.25 with 85% student mastery. Thus image media can improve writing poetry for grade 4 students at SDN 2 Cimanggu.

Application of the Role Playing Method to Improve Statistics Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students. This study aims to find out the results of learning statistics on data presentation and calculating the average (mean) through the role playing method in learning mathematics. Classroom action research was carried out at Mangasa 1 Public Elementary School, Somba Opu District by taking 26 research subjects. This research was conducted in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection activities. Data was collected using a filled-in test with a total of 10 questions. Data on learning outcomes were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive analysis method, namely finding the average student score and learning completeness. Data were taken from two activities, namely cycle I and cycle II. Learning outcomes data obtained by students in cycle I, namely with an average value of 73.26 and learning completeness reached 46.15% and cycle II obtained an average value of 98.84 and learning completeness reached 100%. In this study it can be concluded that the application of the Role Playing method can improve the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth grade students.

The formulation of the problem in this study is whether the guided discovery method assisted by learning media can improve mathematics learning outcomes in fourth grade students at SDN 14 Turatea. The purpose of this study was to improve mathematics learning outcomes through guided discovery methods assisted by learning media in fourth grade students at SDN 14 Turatea. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. The subjects in this study were 17 grade IV students at SDN 14 Turatea in the 2022-2023 academic year. Research procedures include planning, implementation of action, observation and reflection. The results showed that in the first cycle of students who completed individually only 10 people or 59% and the average score obtained was 69. Meanwhile in the second cycle where out of 17 students there were 14 people or 82.35% had fulfilled the KKM and the average score -the average obtained was 81.76. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the application of the guided discovery method assisted by learning media can improve student learning outcomes in class IV SDN 14 Turatea.

This study identified the challenges faced by students in writing persuasive texts, as well as exploring the potential for implementing PBL to improve writing skills. This research was conducted using the classroom action research method in class VIII SMP Negeri 11 Medan in the 2022/2023 academic year with a total of 32 students. Actions taken by applying the Problem-Based Learning learning model. This research was conducted in two cycles. Based on the results of research on student activity, it was found that the average value of student activity at the first meeting was 65.15%, at the second meeting, the percentage of activity value was 77.07%. The average value of student activity at meeting III was 70.09%, including the active category. Meanwhile, at the fourth meeting, the percentage of activity values ​​was 72.66% and if it was included in the criteria for student activity, this student activity was included in the active category. Overall, if an average of each cycle is obtained, the results of persuasive text writing skills have increased from 71.61% (active enough category) in cycle I to 71.37% (active category) in cycle II, which means an increase of 9. 76 %. Thus it can be seen that the Problem Based Learning learning model can improve the skills of writing persuasive texts and students understand learning material more easily.

Student activity dominates and is very visible in learning. Having responsibility for the tasks that must be done by each student in the learning process makes students feel important and involved in the success of their learning. The objectives of this research are 1) to find out how lesson planning can increase students' self-confidence through the storytelling method and 2) to know how the implementation and improvement of learning can increase students' self-confidence through the storytelling method. The method used in this study is the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. This research attempts to increase students' self-confidence through the storytelling method in thematic learning. The conclusion from this study is that researchers have used the storytelling method to increase students' confidence in learning Indonesian which is very good. The preparation made by the researcher was to prepare lesson plans (learning plans) related to increasing self-confidence in class.

Education is expected to produce quality, moral and responsible human beings and be able to welcome progress in the future. The quality of education at every level and one educational unit can be seen through the learning outcomes obtained by students because these learning outcomes can indicate the extent to which students have mastered the subjects they are studying. One of the successes in forming self-efficacy and children's creativity is influenced by the parenting model. Parenting parents are divided into three types, namely authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. Each of these parenting styles has an impact on child development. Authoritative parenting is the best way to develop children's self-efficacy and creativity. Because this authoritative parenting style is characterized by parents who are democratic, respect and understand the child's situation with its strengths and weaknesses so that the child can become a mature, sociable person, and can adapt well to the surrounding environment. The research method used is classroom action research by collecting through observation and questionnaires as well as analysis techniques using qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of observations and student questionnaires, it showed that there was a significant increase in the results of authoritative parenting to increase student self-efficacy and creativity in Cycle I, where the results of student observations and questionnaires about self-efficacy and student creativity were good, namely 10 students with a percentage (83.33%) of 12 students. It can be concluded that there is an increase in self-efficacy and student creativity through authoritative parenting.    

The purpose of this study was to improve student achievement in class XI AK.2 SMK St. Willibrodus Betun in Accounting subject through the application of peer tutoring learning methods. The problems faced are the lack of student interest in accounting subjects, and the difficulty of maintaining focus during class. This has a negative impact on their academic performance. The proposed solution involves utilizing the peer tutoring method, whereby students receive assistance from their classmates in understanding accounting concepts. The research was conducted using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method and involved 20 students as research subjects. The results showed that there was a significant increase in student achievement after the application of the peer tutoring method. In cycle I, 13 students successfully completed their studies with an average formative test score of 74.50 and a percentage of learning completeness of 65.00. In cycle II there was an increase in the number of students who completed their studies, with a total of 18 students. The average score of formative tests also increased to 88.00, and the percentage of complete learning reached 90.00. The conclusion drawn is that peer tutoring is an effective learning method in improving the academic achievement of Accounting students.

This study aims to improve students' ability to write poetry creatively through the discovery-inquiry method for class VII students of SMPN 2 Marioriwawo. This research is a class action research (PTK) meaning class-based research in which the procedure is carried out with various actions (action research). Classroom action research can be defined as a part in the form of a reflective study by action actors, which is carried out to increase the rational ability of the actions taken and improve the conditions in which the learning practices are carried out. This classroom action research is intended to develop new skills or approaches to solving problems with direct application in schools. Classroom action research is also carried out thematically by following certain procedures or steps. This study uses a class action research design (CAR) with two cycles, namely the action process in cycle I and cycle II. In the first cycle aims to determine students' skills in creative writing poetry. While the results of the process research held in cycle II aimed to determine the level of students' abilities in writing poetry after making improvements in student teaching and learning activities. Cycle I aims to determine students' poetry creative writing skills, from cycle I it is used as a reflection to carry out cycle II. While the second cycle aims to find out the increase in students' poetry creative writing skills through the Discovery-Inquiry method after making improvements to the implementation of the teaching and learning process based on cycle I. Students' poetry creative writing test scores in cycle I reached an average of 56% of students in class or the class doesn't understand about creative poetry writing. The average results of cycle II tests reached an average of 75% for the number of students in the class or in the good category. The students' poetry test results from Cycle I to Cycle II increased by 19%. This increase was caused by the adaptability of students in cycle II with the discovery-inquiry learning method used by researchers.

This study aims to improve the speaking skills of grade VIII.2 students of SMP Negeri 2 Sungguminasa through the media of documentary films for the 2022-2023 school year totaling 33 students. Data collection is carried out by test techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive methods by clarifying very high scores, high scores, medium scores and low scores. This type of research is classroom action research which consists of II cycles, namely cycle I with II meetings and cycle II with II meetings. This study focused on one class, namely class VIII.2 with a total of 33 students. The average score of learning outcomes in cycle I is 70.9 and learning outcomes from cycle II is 81.69. In the first cycle, the category of students who completed was 7 students with an achievement of 2.24%, the category of incomplete students was 25 students with a percentage of 78.1%. In cycle II the category of students who completed 28 with a percentage of 84.8% incomplete category 5 students with a percentage of 15%, which means that there was an increase in students' speaking skills from cycle I to cycle II of 81.41%. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the results of the speaking ability of grade VIII.2 SMP Negeri 2 Sungguminasa increased by using documentary film media, an increase of 81.41%.

This study aims to determine the use of audio-visual media in Problem-Based Learning to improve student learning outcomes in tenth grade SMA Negeri 2 Tondano using classroom action research as the research methodology. (1) Planning, (2) Action, (3) Observation, and (4) Reflection are the four major phases of a cycle. In data analysis, the1percentage of completed student1learning outcomes is utilized. The research result was derived from student learning outcomes using two cycles; in cycle I, the1percentage of classical completion was 44.44 percent and in cycle II, it was 55.55 percent. It became a reference for the subsequent cycle's follow-up. The classical percentage of completeness for cycle II was then 92.59 percent complete and 7.40 percent incomplete. This demonstrated that it followed the research indicator in a conventional manner. Therefore, it is unnecessary to follow the subsequent cycle. This study concludes that using problem-based learning audio-visual as a learning medium for virus materials is crucial for improving student learning outcomes among students in1class X at SMA Negeri 21Tondano.    

This study set out to show how instructors may effectively use visual media. English classes are also chosen as a local subject in elementary schools (flashcards) to enhance the oral vocabulary of elementary school students. The planning, execution, observation, and reflection phases are included in each study cycle based on the classroom action research methodology. Researchers utilize test sheets and observations as instruments to retrieve data. The results showed that students' scores reached 75 in period I, then increased to 82 in period II. As illustrated in the observation table, student activity increased. The sample in this study was grade IV students of SD Zamzam Kurnia Bekasi. The results showed an improvement in English speaking skills. Therefore, using Flashcard media can increase students' vocabulary in improving students' English speaking skills in class.  

This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, and improving the results of the speaking skills of class III students at Cidadap state Elementary School. This research is a classroom action research. The subjectsnin this study werw class III students at Cidadap State Ele,entary Scool, totaling 28 students consisting of 19 girls and 9 boys. Source of data in this study are qualitative and quantitative data. Data collection using observation instruments, interviews, tes. And dokumentatios. The results showed that the use of the role playing method in class III Cidadap State Elementary School could improve the speaking skills of class III Cidadap State Elementary School could improve the speaking skills og class III students. This study consisted of 2 cycles. In sycle I the average score of students was 72.32 with a total number of students who completed as many as 10 students (35.7%) , in sycle II the average score of students increased to 83.5 with the number of students who completed as many as 25 people (89,5%). In the learning precess, the use of the role playing method can improve students speaking skills in class III Cidada State Elementary School.

The teacher's job is to educate and teach students. Teaching and learning activities are certainly not easy. Unachieved learning is caused by many factors including less than optimal teacher delivery, unacceptable learning methods, less fun learning models, so students become bored and learning motivation decreases. Of course there is a special way for teachers to deal with this problem which is better known as Classroom Action Research (CAR), but the teacher's lack of knowledge in writing and compiling this PTK so that teachers rarely use PTK on the grounds that it is difficult and cannot do it. For this reason, the purpose of this community service is to assist teachers in writing PTK using the Mendeley application, which teachers generally do not know, for Middle and High School Al-Qur'an an-Nawawiy Sooko Mojokerto teachers. The method used in this activity is in the form of training through lectures, question and answer and discussion as well as direct practice. The expected result of this service is that teachers for each subject can submit PTK articles in National Journals with ISSNs, with a maximum target time of 1 (one) month from carrying out the service and mentoring.

This research is motivated by the lack of learning outcomes in Indonesian at grade IV-A SDN 6 Menteng and the use of methods that are still one-way. The aims of the study were to describe (1) the improvement of student outcomes (2) teacher activities (3) student activities in learning Indonesian one-point chapter 6 at SDN 6 Menteng using the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition method (CIRC). This research is a Classroom Action Research model by Kemmis and Mc. Taggart that was carried out in 2 cycles. The research subjects are 22 students. The data collection techniques, namely observation and tests using quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this Research show that using the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition method (CIRC) can improve learning outcomes and learning activities. This is based on the research results on the pretest and pre-cycle data with an average of 59.09 with a classical value of 31.81%. Cycle I average score of 68.18 and classical value of 68.18% with the activities of teachers and students in the good category. In cycle II the average value increased to 89.54 and the classical value was 100% with very good teacher and student activities. Therefore learning outcomes have increased by 21.36.

This research was conducted to overcome the problem of low numeracy skills in grade 2 students of SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. Therefore the researchers made efforts to improve students' reading skills through the Jaritmatika method. This research involved 40 grade 2 students of SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. The design of this study was classroom action research. From the results of the research, the average score in cycle I was 62.41% of 40 grade 1 students at SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. Whereas in cycle II the learning completeness that has been achieved classically is 74.88%.    

The purpose of this study was to find out the learning outcomes of students at the elementary level through the Role Playing method. The learning outcomes of each student are different so there is a need for this research to examine this. Based on the results of student evaluations in learning material for fiction stories, fifth grade students at SDN Pandan showed very low learning evaluation results. This can be seen from several students, who obtained a 60% level of learning outcomes. This happens because of the lack of students in understanding the Role Playing material. This study uses a type of classroom action research using data collection techniques in the form of observation and tests. The research instrument used observation sheets in the form of teacher activity observation sheets and student observation sheets. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative.  

The problem in the study carried out is that it provides an understanding regarding student learning in Civics learning which is still not good, especially because the teacher only uses the classroom environment and places more emphasis on taking notes from textbooks. In addition, student participation in asking and answering questions during learning activities is still lacking, which makes them less motivated to learn. Using the Teams Games Tournament approach, this study aims to improve Civics learning outcomes and student involvement in the learning process in class IV SDN Blega 1 unit "GOTONG ROYONG". Planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting are the four steps of classroom action learning carried out over two cycles. At SDN Blega 1, the research participants were grade IV students. The authors tested, interviewed, and made observations while developing a data collection methodology. Based on the findings of the data analysis, it was found that students learned more about human collaboration in the Civics curriculum. Whereas in Cycle I 44% of students passed the KKM, and 56% of students did not pass, after being given instructions, Cycle II used the Teams Games Tournament approach to carry out learning achievement tests, so that the number of students who passed increased. 32 people or 89%, while the decrease in the number of students who did not pass was 4 people or 11%, and Cycle III increased the number of students who passed by 36 people or with a percentage of 100%. Civics learning outcomes for class IV SDN Blega 1 can be improved through learning activities with the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) paradigm.