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This study explores the significance of suprasegmental features in English phonology, focusing on prosodic hierarchy and intonation patterns. The analysis delves into how these features play a crucial role in structuring spoken language, particularly in conveying nuances, emotions, and pragmatic information. The study highlights the importance of understanding suprasegmental features in enhancing speaking proficiency in English and their relevance to English language curriculum development. Further research opportunities in English phonology, such as investigating other suprasegmental features and adopting an interdisciplinary approach, are suggested to deepen the understanding of English phonological structures and improve the quality of teaching speaking skills in English. This study emphasizes the valuable insights gained from a deeper understanding of the role of suprasegmental features in English phonology for teaching, research, and overall understanding of oral language

 Agricultural waste is often underutilized, despite its significant potential as a raw material for environmentally friendly products. This study aims to develop bioplastics from corn waste by utilizing locally sourced enzymatic technology as the main catalyst in the biomass conversion process. Corn waste in the form of cobs and post-shelling residues was first prepared through drying, grinding, and mild chemical pretreatment to loosen the lignocellulosic structure. Subsequently, enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out using local enzymes derived from indigenous microorganisms, which decomposed cellulose and hemicellulose into monomeric sugars. The hydrolyzed sugars were then fermented into natural polymers, molded using the solution casting method, and dried to form bioplastic sheets. The results revealed that the produced bioplastics possessed mechanical properties comparable to commercial PLA, with tensile strength of 45–50 MPa, an elastic modulus of 2.5 GPa, and elongation at break of 5–7. Biodegradability testing showed that the material degraded up to ±85 within 90 days, exceeding the minimum threshold of 80% considered satisfactory. These findings confirm that corn waste can be transformed into competitive and eco-friendly bioplastics, while also highlighting the potential of locally based enzymatic technology for industrial-scale applications. The implications of this research extend not only to reducing waste and plastic pollution but also to strengthening the circular economy through the utilization of renewable agricultural resources.

The nutritional status of children under the age of five is an important indicator of health, as young children are a vulnerable group to nutritional health. The growth process is very rapid, namely physical growth and psychomotor, mental and social development, so it is necessary to obtain nutrition from daily food in proper quantities and good quality. The village of Tanjung Kamuning is one of the villages that are in Tarogong Community Health Center work area in Garut district. The unrecorded problems in the village are the results of a structured weighing of the newspapers carried out by the posyandu (integrated service post) cadres that were used as reporting material for the puskesmas. Innovation tool that serves as a monitoring media and a system that acts as a container for storing and managing news data connected to the Internet for ease of access is the application "Saga Sehat." The purpose of public dedication is to improve the knowledge of caders related to the use of the application “Saga Sehat” related to growth monitoring efforts in news. Implementation methods are designation and practice of use of application “Saga Sehat.”. Activities are carried out on caders. Caders played a very active role in this activity

This study aims to identify and analyze the common mistakes made by students in writing thesis proposals in the Education Program of Belief in God Almighty at Universitas 17 Agustus Semarang. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design, where data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis of thesis proposals, and direct observation. The findings revealed that students frequently struggle with formulating a clear research background, articulating specific research problems, and developing a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, challenges were found in data analysis and the validation of research results. The implications of this study suggest the need for more intensive and structured academic guidance to help students overcome these difficulties and improve the quality of their thesis proposals.

This research aims to explore the phenomenon of hedonism among recipients of the Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIPK) scholarship from a new socio-economic perspective. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interview methods, this study was conducted at Universitas Negeri Jakarta in May 2024. A total of 8 students, both KIPK recipients and non-recipients, were purposively selected as informants. Data collection techniques were carried out through face-to-face interviews or communication media using structured interview guidelines. The data obtained were then thematically analyzed to identify patterns, differences, and key factors influencing the hedonism phenomenon among KIPK recipients. The research results reveal that social pressure, campus environment, social media, ineffective financial management, and lack of financial education are the main driving factors of consumptive behavior among KIPK scholarship recipients. The findings also identify negative impacts such as misuse of funds, social jealousy, and misalignment in the implementation of the scholarship program. This research provides important insights to enhance the effectiveness of financial aid programs through a more holistic and sustainable approach.  

This study explores the implementation of the Know-Want-Learn (K-W-L) strategy to enhance reading comprehension among eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Kota Kupang during the 2023/2024 academic year. Employing a Classroom Action Research (CAR) methodology, the research aims to determine the extent to which the K-W-L approach improves students' reading comprehension abilities. The study was conducted in two cycles, each involving planning, action, observation, and reflection phases. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, observation checklists, and student interviews. Findings indicate a significant improvement in students' reading comprehension, as evidenced by increased test scores and positive feedback during interviews. The K-W-L strategy not only engaged students by sparking their curiosity but also guided them through a structured learning process that enhanced their understanding and retention of reading materials. These results suggest that the K-W-L strategy is an effective pedagogical tool for improving reading comprehension in high school students.  

Receiving care from parents is a child's right. However, the absence of parents in a child's life means that a child does not receive care from his parents. The absence of parents is a condition where the whereabouts of the child's parents are unknown or other conditions which prevent the child from getting his right to be cared for. However, this can be overcome by providing alternative care. Alternative care is care that is carried out based on a substitute family or Child Welfare Institution. Service activity method with structured lectures and guidance. The results were that participants were very enthusiastic in participating in service activities by STIKes Mitra Husada Medan lecturers regarding parenting styles for parents in educating their children at home. So that insight and knowledge increase. The following are community service activities, especially parents, starting from providing material by the Lecturer Team headed by Indra Agussamad, S.Kep, M.Kes and members Lisdayanti Simanjuntak, Ingka Kristina and 2 students.

Geguritan is a traditional Balinese literary work in the form of a story adaptation, in the form of a pupuh song. of the many geguritan in Bali, this is the geguritan with the title Batur Taskar. The author found Geguritan Batur Taskara in the form of a book by I Made Jimbar. Geguritan Batur Taskara is sung with various songs or pupuh consisting of eight pupuh namely, pupuh sinom, pupuh ginada, pupuh pangkur, pupuh kumambang, pupuh durma, pupuh ginanti, pupuh semarandana, pupuh pangkur which are popular among the wider community, both adults and teenagers. .Based on the background above, the problems discussed in this research are 1). What is the narrative structure of Geguritan Batur Taskara 2). What is its potential to strengthen local content curriculum? The aim of this research is to describe the narrative structure and its potential to strengthen local content curriculum contained in Geguritan Batur Taskara. The theories used in this research are narrative structure theory and semiotic theory. This type of research is qualitative research, using library study methods and interview methods, supported by interview methods, reading, note-taking and triangulation techniques. Meanwhile, the method used to analyze the data is the content analysis method. In Geguritan Batur Taskara the narrative structure contained is a five-stage plot scheme in the form of introducing the story situation, revealing events, peak of tension, resolution. Batur Taskara has religious philosophical, didactic, sociological and aesthetic meaning. Therefore, what can be understood is the content of Geguritan Batur Taskara.  Once understood, these values can be applied in everyday life. Geguritan Batur Taskara as a guide in living life, can also be developed, and can preserve cultural heritage as local wisdom of the Balinese people.

Architecture using tree topology has become a popular approach in managing computer networks. Tree topology combines elements of star and bus topologies, resulting in an efficient and scalable network for a variety of purposes. This paper discusses the basic concepts of architecture using tree topology, including hierarchical structures and design advantages. First, the tree topology consists of a parent node (root node) which leads to a number of branch nodes (branch nodes). Each branch node can then connect to other nodes, forming a multilevel hierarchy. In computer networks, this topology is often used to connect a number of LANs (Local Area Networks) into a larger network. The main advantages of tree topology are scalability and management efficiency. The network can be expanded by adding new branch nodes without affecting the rest of the network. Additionally, network monitoring and maintenance becomes more organized due to a clear hierarchical structure. However, tree topology also has disadvantages. If the parent node fails, then all parts of the network connected to that node can be affected. Additionally, complex implementations may require more sophisticated hardware and software. In the modern computing era, tree topologies are used in a variety of contexts, ranging from corporate network infrastructure to online content distribution. Its ability to provide an organized and extensible structure makes it an attractive choice in designing efficient and reliable network architectures.

  The effectiveness and  efficiency of the production administration at  MSMEs MAMIN Pakis process needs to be supported by competent human resources.  The reason for the dedication is because the production administration system is not yet perfect. The aim is to provide practical knowledge of strategy and application of performance evaluation in a continuous improvement manner. Targets of a continuous structured work evaluation system and employee motivation in improving performance. The training process carried out, namely manual data collection, structured recording of integrated production application program input for each department, provides important insight and becomes the basis for progress so that the discipline of manual data input and programs becomes an error controller.  Activities processed from analysis of errors in inputting service release materials increase success and insight into production administration performance in a sustaainable manner.

Seed plants or spermatophytes are divided into two, namely angiosperms (open seed plants) and gymnosperms (closed seed plants). These seeds are a means of generative development of spermatophytes. This research aims to observe the internal structure of the reproductive organs of seed plants and observe the phases of embryo development in seed plants.  The method used is observing the structure of internal plant organs and is supported by literature studies related to the research carried out. The objects of this research are lilies (Hippeastrum sp.), pine (Pinus merkusii), and preserved corn (Zea mays).

This study aims to identify morphological and reproductive characters in Thallophyta and Bryophyta in UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Bryophytes have high species diversity and are known as the second largest group of plants after flowering plants. They play an important role in maintaining ecosystems, especially water balance and nutrient cycles, and serve as bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. The study was conducted by taking samples of leaf lichens and crustose lichens on various substrates such as rocks, soil, and trees, then observed using a stereo microscope and binocular microscope. The results showed that Thallophyta, such as crustose lichens, have unique morphological structures and can reproduce through ascospores, while Bryophyta, such as leaf mosses, have a life cycle that includes gametophyte and sporophyte stages. Reproduction in leaf mosses occurs sexually through the antheridium and archegonium, and asexually through stolon fragmentation. In addition to their ecological role, lichens also provide important habitat for a variety of organisms and help maintain the balance of tropical forest ecosystems. The adaptation of lichens to a wide range of environmental conditions allows them to survive in various substrates and extreme situations. This study provides new insights into the role of lichens in ecosystems and their potential applications for environmental conservation and restoration. The results of this study can serve as a basis for biodiversity conservation efforts and sustainable environmental management. Therefore, it is important to take appropriate conservation measures to preserve the vital role of lichens in ecosystems and the overall health of the environment.

Learning strategies are a series of instructional actions that teachers must carry out in order for learning objectives to be achieved efficiently. The learning strategies used in the choir extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon include direct learning strategies, indirect learning strategies, and inquiry-based learning strategies, utilizing demonstration, imitation, and drill methods.This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The object of the research is the learning strategies employed in choir extracurricular activities, with the research subjects being the extracurricular teacher and students. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. Data validation is carried out using source triangulation and technique triangulation. Data analysis is conducted through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the study show that the implementation of learning strategies in the choir extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon uses demonstration, imitation, and drill methods in a structured and effective manner. These methods are combined with direct, indirect, and inquiry-based learning strategies to enhance students' vocal skills and creativity. The impact of implementing these strategies is an improvement in singing ability, the development of self-confidence, creativity, and independence, as well as increased student motivation to actively participate in choir activities. The teacher acts as a facilitator who creates a space for independent and collaborative learning, making the learning process more enjoyable. This activity not only develops musical skills but also builds students' confidence and professionalism in various performance opportunities. With regular practice schedules and relevant song material, this extracurricular activity makes a positive contribution to the development of students' talents and character at school.

This research aims to describe the implementation of choir extracurricular activities at Adabiah Middle School in Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The object of the research is the implementation of choir extracurricular activities at Adabiah Middle School in Padang. The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments. Data analysis techniques by collecting data, clarifying data and concluding data. This research shows that the results of the extracurricular choir implementation at Adabiah Padang Middle School went quite well. This program is designed through structured stages, starting from providing information to students, registration, designing and determining the schedule, to selecting and presenting songs as well as grouping two types of high and low voices in the soprano and alto ranges. Each practice session includes teaching choral concepts, breathing techniques, voice production, and practice of the song "Satu Nusa Satu Bangsa." The evaluation showed that there were challenges in the distribution of sounds and vocal techniques, but overall this activity was successful in improving students' vocal skills, self-confidence and appreciation for the art of vocal music. This success is supported by effective collaboration between trainers and arts and culture teachers, ensuring smooth implementation and achieving satisfactory results based on harmonization, precision of tone and soulfulness of the song. The final results show that the choir extracurricular program at Adabiah Middle School in Padang has succeeded in achieving the expected goals.

This study aims to explore the role of Information Management Technology (TMI) in expediting the filing of office letters at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The main focus of this research is to analyse the impact of TMI implementation on efficiency, information disclosure, and service quality improvement in letter filing. The research methods used include centralised interviews with teachers and TU staff as respondents, analysis of system usage data, and business process modelling. The results show that the implementation of TMI has contributed significantly in improving the efficiency of office letter filing at SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai. The integrated database system allows the storage and management of letters to be more structured and easily accessible. In addition, TMI also enables higher information disclosure and improved quality of school administration services. The integration of TMI not only provides internal benefits to the office in records management, but also contributes to the improvement of the office's image and reputation in service to stakeholders. By continuing to maintain and develop the existing TMI system, it is expected that SMA Tunas Pelita Binjai can continue to improve its performance and services to achieve better standards in the future.

Indonesia is an archipelago that is flanked by oceanic plates and land plates that cause the two plates to often collide. This causes Indonesia to be an earthquake-prone area and has many volcanoes. Research related to earthquakes in Indonesia continues to develop. This has resulted in several points such as new earthquake hazard maps and the latest regulations related to earthquake-resistant building planning, resulting in the building planning process having to follow the latest applicable regulations. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in SNI, structural dimension requirements, reinforcement requirements, and structural behavior and internal forces due to the application of SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019 in a building. The research method used was to conduct a literature study on the changes from SNI 1726:2012 to SNI 1726:2019 using the SNI 2847:2019 planning which will be used in the structural analysis. The results obtained from this study show that there are differences in the earthquake maps used in SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019, there are differences in parameters in SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019 which result in an increase in the forces acting on the structure which affects the need for reinforcement. Structural planning is carried out by following SNI 1726:2019 and SNI 2847:2019, for existing buildings that have been built based on SNI 1726:2012, it is necessary to carry out a re-examination or assessment to determine the condition of the existing building in relation to earthquake in Indonesia.

Strategic Planning in organizations is the structured process of setting long-term goals and choosing the best strategies to achieve them, with the aim of improving organizational performance. Strategic planning is important because it covers various aspects in the long term, provides a basic framework for the organization's activities, and allows the achievement of desired performance.. The purpose of this study describes the role of strategic planning in improving organizational performance by using literature studies as a method of collecting data with libraries, reading and recording and processing research materials. Data collection techniques involve gathering information from written or printed sources, such as books, journals, articles, reports, and other documents. The results of this study concluded that strategic planning is identified as a comprehensive long-term plan, strategic planning is not just a static document, but an active guide in carrying out activities in accordance with organizational functions. Strategic planning is seen as an orderly and continuous process. This process includes anticipatory knowledge-based decision making, organizing activities to implement decisions, and measuring results through systematic feedback. For the purpose of strategic planning, which is the main element in building organizational performance, providing comprehensive guidance to achieve the vision, mission and goals of the organization.

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) can have a significant impact on hearing function. Recurrent middle ear infections and inflammation can damage the eardrum, hearing bones, and other auditory structures. Depending on the severity of the infection and response to treatment, temporary or permanent hearing loss may occur. People often use tools such as cotton swabs to clean the ears. The use of cotton buds can damage the ear canal. Repeated trauma can cause the ears to become inflamed. One of the symptoms of ear infections is watery ears. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the frequency and frequency of using ear swabs with symptoms of watery ears. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach using the Fisher chi-square exact test. The target audience of this study is students, the survey was conducted using an online Google Form, And the technique used is purposive sampling. The results of this study revealed that the study participants amounted to 245 respondents. The age group of cotton bud users is the most 20 years old (36%). Of the 245 respondents who met the inclusion criteria, 96 respondents. The frequency of using cotton buds is the most < 4 times a week (91.7%). The highest number of cotton buds used < 5 cotton buds per ear toilet (88.5%). Conclusion of the study there was a significant relationship between the frequency of cotton bud use and watery ear complaints (P value = 0.43). There was no relationship between the amount of cotton bud use and watery ear complaints (P value = 0.43).

Deanke is an artisanal cookies business that sells online. The products offered by Deanke are specific in the field of cookies and brownies. The purpose of this Final Project is to produce a new packaging design for Deanke's cookies, by maximising the function of packaging as a means of product communication and branding to consumers so as to increase Deanke's brand awareness. The method used in this design is the 4D method consisting of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate with data analysis method through SWOT Analysis.  This design will produce the main media in the form of packaging and supporting media in the form of social media, menus, thank cards / gift cards, stickers, posters and x-banners which are tested for feasibility to the target audience. It is expected that through this packaging design can achieve the main objectives in maximising the function of packaging, through a better packaging structure and increasing Deanke's brand awareness.

This study aims to analyze the role of private equity in resolving failed banks following the 2008 financial crisis and its impact on financial stability. Using a qualitative literature review method, this research examines 30 related studies covering restructuring efficiency, capital stability, operational innovation, and market concentration risks. The findings indicate that private equity can expedite the resolution of failed banks through effective restructuring and improved operational efficiency. However, challenges such as moral hazard risks and market concentration require strict regulatory oversight. The contribution of private equity to financial stability is contextual, depending on market structures and local regulations. This research provides strategic insights for policymakers to optimize the benefits of private equity in the financial sector.