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Agrarian law reform in Indonesia is a strategic effort to achieve social justice, reduce land ownership disparities, and optimize the sustainable use of agrarian resources. This article examines the implementation of legal theory as a conceptual foundation in agrarian law reform, integrating normative,sociological,and critical approaches. The study identifies various challenges, including overlapping regulations, conflicts of interest, weak law enforcement, and limited community participation in legislative processes. Through qualitative analysis, this research explores how critical legal theory can drive policies that are more equitable and responsive to  social dynamics. The findings reveal that the success of agrarian law reform heavily depends on synergy between regulatory updates, strengthening legal institutions, and community engagement. This article recommends consistent regulatory reforms, improved governance of agrarian resources, and the integration of social justice principles in decision-making processes. These findings provide a significant contribution to the development of an inclusive, equitable, and sustainable agrarian legal framework in Indonesia.

This research explores an in-depth understanding of how society responds to insurance policy analysis in non-bank financial institutions through a phenomenological approach. The findings show that limited financial literacy is the main challenge in understanding the complexity of insurance products outside of banking. The influence of personal experience, cultural values, and risk perceptions also shape people's perceptions of the value of insurance. Additionally, variations in participation levels and decision-making patterns were also revealed, weakening the understanding of risk levels. These financial literacy challenges cause chaos and confusion, hindering public participation in insurance products at non-bank financial institutions. Efforts to improve financial literacy and increase understanding of insurance claims are crucial to stimulate optimal community participation. The application of insurance remains relevant in helping people overcome financial problems due to unexpected events, building trust, and creating economic stability in the context of non-bank financial institutions.

This research aims to analyze the communication strategies implemented in strengthening infrastructure in remote areas and the challenges faced in this process. Remote areas often face difficulties in terms of access to information, limited technology, and low community participation in development projects. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, involving in-depth interviews, field observations and documentation analysis. The research results show that effective communication strategies include the use of traditional communication channels, language simplification, and community involvement in every stage of the project. Challenges faced include limited access to technology, cultural barriers, and low levels of education, which can be overcome with approaches based on local context and information transparency. This research provides recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of communication in strengthening infrastructure in remote areas, in order to obtain maximum support from the community and ensure project success.

Excise has a role to ensure that the circulation of certain excisable goods has met the distribution standards set by the government. Legal circulation of excisable goods is important so that people in consuming goods, such as tobacco products (cigarettes) have met the distribution standards, in addition to providing education to the community to participate in efforts to increase government revenue in terms of excise rates. Efforts to prevent illegal cigarettes will be effective if they involve various parties, both from law enforcement, universities and the community to help the state maximize state revenue. The goal to be achieved in this activity is to provide an understanding to students about the importance of understanding the importance of working together to prevent the circulation of illegal cigarettes in the community because in addition to having legal impacts on perpetrators and dealers, illegal cigarettes can also reduce state revenue.alization of illegal cigarettes

This research aims to identify patterns of social media usage, evaluate the effectiveness of social media campaigns, and explore the role of social media in voter education. This research discusses the influence of social media on public participation in the 2024 elections in Indonesia. Social media has become one of the main tools in political communication, both for candidates, political parties, and voters. This study uses a mixed-methods approach with surveys of 500 respondents from various regions in Indonesia, complemented by content analysis of political campaigns on social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok. The level of voter participation who are actively engaged in online political discussions is also proven to be higher compared to those who are less active on social media. The issues found in the field include: 1. What are the social media platforms most commonly used by the public in the context of elections? 2. How is social media used to educate voters about political issues, candidates, and the electoral process? 3. What are the main challenges faced in using social media for electoral participation? The research method used is the quantitative method. This method involves the collection of data that can be measured and statistically analyzed. The research results show that social media plays a significant role in increasing political awareness among the public, especially among young voters. However, the research also found that information disseminated through social media is often unverified, which can negatively influence public opinion.

Income zakat is a financial instrument with great potential in regional economic development, including in South Labuhanbatu Regency. This research aims to analyze the role of income zakat in improving community welfare and infrastructure development in the area. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach by collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The research results show that income zakat can make a significant contribution to social and economic programs, as well as encourage community participation in development. Therefore, effective zakat management can be one solution to overcome the problem of poverty and social inequality in South Labuhanbatu Regency.

The Pantai Indah Pohe tourist area in Pohe Village, Gorontalo City, holds significant potential as a premier coastal tourism destination. However, challenges such as a lack of adequate location markers and insufficient visual promotion strategies hinder its development. To address these issues, a community service initiative was carried out by the D4 Architecture and Building Construction (ABG) Program at Gorontalo State University. The initiative aimed to enhance the visual image of the area and foster greater community involvement in promoting local tourism. The project adopted a participatory approach, actively engaging the village government, tourism awareness groups, and residents of various age groups. The activities involved creating and installing a new signage system for the "Pantai Indah Pohe" area, which serves as a crucial element for enhancing the visibility of the tourist spot. In addition, community engagement was facilitated through events such as coloring contests and sack races, aimed at promoting a sense of unity and local pride. The outcomes of this initiative revealed an increase in community awareness regarding the importance of visual promotion for tourism. It also fostered stronger social connections between local residents and academics, contributing to the community’s sense of ownership and pride in their local resources. Furthermore, the initiative provided tangible contributions to the strengthening of the local identity, with community members actively participating in the improvement process. The project aligns with Community-Based Tourism (CBT) principles and placemaking theory, which emphasize the importance of community involvement in shaping tourist destinations. This community service activity serves as an exemplary model of integrating architectural design, education, and sustainable tourism development, showcasing how academic and community collaboration can drive positive changes in local tourism promotion.

Sustainable water resource management is a crucial issue, especially in horticultural agricultural areas such as Berastagi, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. This area is known for its abundant water resources, but the challenge in optimizing water distribution and quality is still a problem. This study aims to analyze the level of community participation in water resource management in Berastagi and to develop a sustainable management strategy using the SWOT approach. The method used in this study is a SWOT analysis that considers strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in water management. The results show that community participation in technical aspects is quite high, but still low in terms of planning and evaluation. The main strength factors are abundant water resources and support from the farming community, while weaknesses lie in limited infrastructure and water pollution from agricultural activities. The main opportunities for sustainable water management include irrigation modernization and increased government regulation, while the main threats are the impacts of climate change and the use of chemicals in agriculture that have the potential to pollute water. From this SWOT analysis, it is recommended to develop technology-based irrigation infrastructure, increase socialization and community education to increase involvement in water management, and collaboration between the government, community, and research institutions. It is expected that this strategy can strengthen sustainable and adaptive water resource management in the Berastagi horticultural area.

Village governments play a central role in Indonesia's governance structure as public service providers at the local level. This research aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic values of leader obligations, such as trustworthiness, justice, and deliberation, in village governance policies based on Law No. 6/2014 on Villages. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this research evaluates the implementation of Islamic values through document and literature studies. The results show that although Islamic leadership principles are reflected in the duties of the village head, such as fair management of village funds and community empowerment, implementation faces challenges, including limited resources, diverse understanding, and integrity issues. The study also identified strategic solutions, such as continuous training, strengthening supervision, and increasing community participation. In conclusion, Islamic leadership values have strong relevance in village governance policies and can improve the quality of village governance if optimally implemented. This research contributes to the understanding of the integration of Islamic values in the context of modern governance and recommends more in-depth follow-up studies on specific cases to enrich the literature in this field.

Managerial mentoring in a collaborative manner is an effective strategy to improve the ability of Madrasah heads in preparing Madrasah Work Plans (RKM). This assistance is carried out through an approach based on cooperation, sharing, and discussion without being patronizing. Through this approach, Madrasah heads feel helped in carrying out their tasks, especially in preparing the RKM which is a reference for Madrasah management. The drafted RKM aims to: (1) achieve predetermined goals, (2) support coordination among stakeholders in Madrasah, (3) ensure consistency between planning, budgeting, implementation, and supervision, (4) optimize community participation, and (5) use resources efficiently, effectively, and sustainably. The results showed that the ability of Madrasah heads in preparing RKM had increased significantly after the assistance. In Cycle I, the average score of the RKM prepared was 74.70, increasing to 81.37 in Cycle II, with an increase of 8.93%. This finding shows that collaborative managerial assistance is effective in improving the competence of Madrasah heads in preparing quality RKM.

Crowdfunding has emerged as an innovative method to support small business expansion, providing an alternative for entrepreneurs to access financial resources. This study aims to evaluate the impact of community participation in resource mobilization through crowdfunding. By analyzing data from various successful crowdfunding campaigns, the study identified the factors that influence the success of fundraising and how community engagement contributes to those outcomes. The findings show that community participation not only increases project trust and credibility, but also creates important emotional and social support for entrepreneurs. In addition, crowdfunding serves as an educational platform that increases public awareness of social and economic issues. This research provides insights for entrepreneurs and policymakers on the importance of community involvement in crowdfunding strategies, as well as broader implications for economic development. Through the evaluation of the impact of community participation, this study highlights the potential of crowdfunding as an effective tool for resource mobilization in the context of small businesses.

This research examines the strategies implemented by the Batam City Government in improving illegal urban settlements, with a focus on informal housing areas. The rapid urbanization and migration to Batam have led to the development of informal settlements, which often lack proper infrastructure, housing quality, and access to basic services. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of government programs aimed at improving these areas, particularly through initiatives focused on housing quality enhancement and urban planning. Through a case study approach, the research explores policy frameworks, stakeholder involvement, and community participation in the improvement process. The findings highlight key challenges and opportunities in addressing informal settlements, providing recommendations for better integration of these areas into the formal urban fabric. Ultimately, the research seeks to contribute to the understanding of sustainable urban development strategies for cities facing similar issues of informal settlement growth.

This study evaluates the efficacy of Smart Governance implementation in enhancing public services in Batam City. Smart governance, a principal facet of the smart city paradigm, seeks to enhance efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, and accountability by the utilisation of information technology. Batam City, strategically positioned as an economic and trade hub, is dedicated to implementing smart governance concepts to enhance the quality of its public services. This research employs a descriptive methodology with qualitative analysis to assess the strategic measures implemented, including the digitalisation of public services, transparency and budget management, integrated data management, and enhanced community participation.The findings indicate that the adoption of smart governance in Batam has effectively enhanced administrative efficiency and transparency in public services. Nonetheless, difficulties such as the digital infrastructure deficit in remote regions and insufficient digital literacy within the population remain significant impediments. This research recommends enhancing digital infrastructure, creating more user-friendly applications, and implementing digital literacy training programs for the community.  With an appropriate strategy, Batam City may persist in advancing Smart Governance as a sustainable smart city paradigm.

The high birth rate in Indonesia is one of the major problems and requires special attention in handling it. One form of special attention from the government in overcoming the high birth rate is implementing comprehensive family planning. The national family planning movement is prepared to build optimal human resources, characterized by increasing community participation in meeting the needs to be able to build prosperous families in the context of family planning services. The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between family support and the participation of Women of Childbearing Age in the Family Planning Program at the Aramo Health Center, Aramo District, South Nias in 2023. The results of the cross-tabulation study showed a relationship between family support and the participation of women of childbearing age in the family planning program at the Aroma Health Center, South Nias in 2023 with a P value of 0.000 (P value <0.005), so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Suggestions for midwifery services to provide education to increase family support with the participation of women of childbearing age.

This article discusses the concept of School-Based Management (SBM) as an education management approach implemented in Indonesian schools. MBS aims to encourage schools to be independent, active, transparent and accountable in improving the quality of education. This article explains how SBM facilitates schools to develop education quality improvement programs according to their needs through participatory and democratic decision-making. School autonomy in decision-making results in more effective and efficient education programs, involving principals, teachers, staff, parents, students, school committees and communities. The article also discusses the importance of curriculum development and community participation in improving the quality of education in Indonesia.

The findings highlight the need for faith-based hygiene education and community involvement in hygiene practices to improve physical and spiritual health among Muslims. This study used quantitative methods with data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. The number of respondents in this study was 31 people from various backgrounds. The selection of this method aims to objectively measure the increase in community participation in environmental cleanliness and its relation to the Islamic understanding that cleanliness is part of faith. This method was chosen to provide a clear picture of respondents' perceptions, appreciation, experiences, and assessments of aspects of environmental cleanliness and religious understanding.  The study found that the majority understood cleanliness as part of faith. These results emphasize the need for faith-based hygiene education and community participation in hygiene practices.  

Strengthening national insight and nationalism is a strategic step in building a society that loves its homeland, upholds unity, and understands diversity as the strength of the nation. This article discusses a community service program carried out in Sidodadi Village, Surabaya City, with the aim of increasing public understanding of national insight and nationalism. This program involved 30 participants from various backgrounds through seminars, group discussions, and practical training. Participatory methods were applied to ensure active community involvement in the learning process. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in the level of participant understanding, from 70% before the activity to 85% after. In addition, the positive response from participants reflects the success of this activity in instilling national values ​​that are relevant to everyday life. Despite challenges such as time constraints and uneven involvement, this activity has had a real impact on strengthening nationalism at the local level. This program concludes that strengthening national insight requires a systematic, educational, and sustainable approach. With the support of local governments and community participation, similar activities can be replicated in other regions to strengthen national unity.

Strengthening national insight and nationalism is a strategic step in building a society that loves its homeland, upholds unity, and understands diversity as the strength of the nation. This article discusses a community service program carried out in Sidodadi Village, Surabaya City, with the aim of increasing public understanding of national insight and nationalism. This program involved 30 participants from various backgrounds through seminars, group discussions, and practical training. Participatory methods were applied to ensure active community involvement in the learning process. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in the level of participant understanding, from 70% before the activity to 85% after. In addition, the positive response from participants reflects the success of this activity in instilling national values ​​that are relevant to everyday life. Despite challenges such as time constraints and uneven involvement, this activity has had a real impact on strengthening nationalism at the local level. This program concludes that strengthening national insight requires a systematic, educational, and sustainable approach. With the support of local governments and community participation, similar activities can be replicated in other regions to strengthen national unity.

This study aims to analyze waste management in Indonesia from 2001 to 2022, and identify challenges and solutions that can be implemented to improve the effectiveness of waste management. Waste is a major problem affecting the environment and public health, with around 34.29% of waste in Indonesia not being managed properly. This research uses a descriptive approach by analyzing data related to policies, infrastructure, and community participation in waste management. The results showed that although there are regulations governing waste management, the main challenges faced are low public awareness and limited waste management infrastructure in many regions. The research also found that collaboration between the government, communities and the private sector is crucial in creating sustainable solutions. In addition, the development of environmentally friendly waste management technologies, such as Waste Power Plants (PLTSa), can be an innovative solution to reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment. This research suggests the need to strengthen regulations, increase public awareness, and develop more efficient and environmentally friendly waste management technologies.

The Family Hope Program (PKH) is a social assistance program aimed at improving the quality of life of underprivileged families through access to education, healthcare, and economic welfare. This article explores the implementation of Islamic character education within PKH, focusing on rural communities in Dawuhan Village. The study aims to analyze how Islamic values such as honesty, responsibility, hard work, and solidarity are applied in the daily lives of beneficiary families (KPM). The research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that Islamic character education in PKH serves as an effective tool to empower underprivileged families, not only by building individual morality but also by enhancing social cohesion and economic welfare. However, challenges such as low community participation, limited infrastructure, and cultural differences remain significant barriers. Recommendations from this study include enhancing the capacity of PKH facilitators, integrating Islamic values into educational modules, and fostering collaboration with religious institutions and local governments to ensure program sustainability. Islamic character education in PKH is expected to become a strategic solution for fostering sustainable social and economic transformation in rural communities