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In general, school students buy snacks in the school canteen or street vendors (PKL) around the school. 2 The types of food sold are varied, ranging from healthy snacks to unhealthy snacks so that they can attract students to consume school snacks. Healthy snacks are foods that have sufficient and balanced nutrition and do not contain (contaminated) elements that can harm or damage health. This community service activity aims to educate healthy eating patterns to prevent food and drinks containing microbial contamination at Mariana Catholic High School, Medan. The method used is an educational approach through health counseling, interactive discussions, and demonstrations of hygienic practices, especially correct handwashing techniques and the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and the school environment. This activity was attended by 40 students as participants. The evaluation of the activity focused on one main indicator, namely student participation in hygienic behavior practices as a form of direct application of the material that has been given. The results of the activity showed that all participants (100%) followed the demonstrated hygienic practices, which indicates a very high level of participation and enthusiasm. These findings indicate that educational methods accompanied by hands-on practice are effective in increasing understanding and encouraging the adoption of clean and healthy living behaviors. Community service activities at Mariana Catholic High School in Medan have been shown to increase students' knowledge about the dangers of microbial contamination and the development of hygienic behaviors in daily life. Structured and ongoing education is an effective preventive measure to create a healthy and clean school environment.

Learning Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh taharah) is an important foundation in developing correct worship habits in children. This community service research examines the implementation of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh taharah) learning at Majlis Taklim Al Falah Tangerang with the aim of improving knowledge, practical skills in ablution, and the capacity of teachers in teaching children. The method used is an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach and a participatory-educational approach that combines short theory sessions, demonstrations, repeated practice, and non-written practical evaluations. Data were collected through observation, interviews, direct practice, and formative evaluations during the activities. The results show an increase in participants' conceptual understanding of hadas and najis (impurity) and improved ablution practical skills, characterized by enthusiasm, the ability to imitate the ablution sequence more accurately, and a positive response to practical learning methods. In addition, the program encourages teachers' awareness to implement skills-based evaluation and enrich learning methods according to children's characteristics. In conclusion, Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh taharah) learning at Majlis Taklim is more effective when it is practice-oriented, participatory, and sustainable; Follow-up recommendations include routine ablution practices, pedagogical training for teachers, and the provision of simple media to support learning.

Early English mastery is a long-term educational investment that should be supported by instructional approaches aligned with children’s developmental characteristics. This community service program aimed to systematically implement the *English Through Play* approach, enhance English learning interest, and create positive learning experiences for children aged 4–6 years at Samantha English Course. The program was conducted participatorily through preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages over eight weeks. The *English Through Play* approach was applied through various activities, including action songs, flashcard games, storytelling with gestures, and simple role play. Evaluation was carried out descriptively through observation of participation, verbal responses, children’s expressions, and simple oral tests to measure basic vocabulary mastery. The results showed that more than 80% of the children were actively engaged during the learning sessions. Approximately 70–85% demonstrated increased learning interest, as reflected in their enthusiasm, verbal participation, and positive responses to English instructions. In addition, most children were able to recognize and pronounce 5–10 basic vocabulary items based on the learning themes and perform simple self-introductions. The program also produced a play-based learning guide that can be sustainably implemented by the partner institution. In conclusion, the *English Through Play* approach proved effective in enhancing young learners’ interest and participation in early English learning. This model can serve as a practical and replicable alternative for similar non-formal educational institutions.

The rapid development of modern manufacturing technology has driven the emergence of human-robot collaboration (HRC) as part of the transformation toward a human-centric intelligent production system. In collaborative work environments, robots are not only required to work efficiently but also to interact safely and responsively with operators. However, most conventional industrial robot systems still use rigid motion controls and are unable to dynamically adapt to human activity around them.This research aims to develop a human-robot collaboration system by integrating computer vision technology to detect operator movement and applying adaptive control algorithms to the robot manipulator. The research methodology includes designing a collaborative workstation, implementing a computer vision-based motion detection system, developing an adaptive control algorithm, and evaluating system performance through various experimental scenarios. Evaluation parameters include task completion time, safe distance, and system response time.The results show that the developed system significantly improves the efficiency and safety of human-robot interaction compared to conventional systems, with shorter task times, optimal safe distances, and faster system response to operator movements.

Bullying in secondary schools is a serious issue that affects students’ psychosocial well-being and academic achievement, and significantly disrupts the learning climate and the quality of social relationships among students. This community service activity aimed to implement the Child-Friendly School Program through anti-bullying socialization at SMA N 1 Kersana in order to enhance the understanding and commitment of all school members in creating a safe, inclusive, and sustainable learning environment. The method employed a participatory approach, including needs assessment, interactive socialization sessions, focus group discussions, case simulations, and structured evaluation using pre-test and post-test instruments. The results indicated a 23% increase in participants’ understanding based on the comparison of scores before and after the intensive implementation of the program. Furthermore, a “Bullying-Free School” declaration was established along with a plan to strengthen the Violence Prevention and Handling Team as a more systematic sustainability strategy. These findings confirm that participatory-based socialization effectively reinforces the implementation of the Child-Friendly School Program and fosters a safe, inclusive, sustainable, and responsive school culture that supports students’ positive character development.

This paper discusses the role of the global minimum tax in addressing tax avoidance by multinational corporations in Indonesia. This policy is the result of an agreement between the OECD/G20 (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) in the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) 2.0 project, which aims to reduce global tax avoidance practices by multinational corporations (MNEs). With a minimum rate of 15%, the GMT is expected to create fiscal justice and strengthen the tax base in developing countries like Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach based on a review of literature from the OECD, IMF, and academic journals. The analysis shows that the implementation of the GMT has positive potential in increasing state revenues, but also poses administrative challenges and the risk of reducing investment competitiveness. The Indonesian government needs to adjust tax regulations and strengthen fiscal administration capacity to optimize the benefits of this policy. This study also confirms the importance of international cooperation in the successful implementation of the GMT and reducing the potential for tax avoidance by multinational corporations. Furthermore, regular monitoring and evaluation are needed to assess the impact of this policy on the Indonesian economy and to ensure that the implementation of the GMT does not hinder economic growth and investment in strategic sectors.

The 2025 Pelita Warna Program is a form of participatory-based community service implemented at the Class II Children's Special Development Institution (LPKA) in Jakarta. This activity aims to design and implement relevant development programs for foster children using a contextual, psychosocial, and vocational skills approach. The main problems behind this activity include minimal access to development that suits the children's needs, limited infrastructure, and psychological challenges faced by foster children. The implementation method begins with observation, needs assessment, coordination with LPKA and partners, program development, and implementation and evaluation. The programs implemented include barbershop training, creative literacy, psychological assistance, and ready-to-work training. Evaluation is carried out formatively and summatively through qualitative and descriptive approaches, using indicators of involvement, attitude change, skill improvement, and foster children's work results. The results of the activity show a significant increase in the foster children's self-confidence, self-awareness, technical skills, and motivation to live independently. This program is considered successful in creating a safe and supportive space that encourages positive transformation among participants. In the future, this model has the potential to be replicated in other institutions as a form of humanistic and sustainable development

The development of digital technology has encouraged the government to utilize social media as an effective means of public communication. The Ministry of Agriculture is one institution that actively uses Instagram to convey information, build a positive image, and interact with the public. This study aims to determine the Public Relations strategy in managing the Instagram social media account @kementerianpertanian. This study uses the Public Relations strategy theory from Cutlip and Center, which consists of four stages: problem identification, planning and programming, communication and action, and evaluation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and documentation of the Ministry of Agriculture's Public Relations team. The results show that the Ministry of Agriculture's Public Relations has implemented a planned communication strategy, starting from planning informative and educational content, utilizing Instagram features such as reels, stories, and live to increase interaction, to routine evaluation based on engagement data (likes, shares, comments, and saves). This strategy also adapts to social media trends and audience needs. Public Relations actively responds to user questions and comments to maintain two-way communication. However, challenges such as negative comments, limited resources, and changes in the Instagram algorithm are obstacles that still need to be overcome. Overall, the implemented strategy has successfully supported the improvement of the image and transparency of public information within the Ministry of Agriculture.

Managing Regional Public Service Agency (Badan Layanan Umum Daerah/BLUD) hospitals requires planning and budgeting processes that are accountable, measurable, and aligned with service performance. In practice, BLUD planning is still constrained by fragmented applications (hospital information system/SIMRS, finance, human resources, e-office, and procurement), duplicate data entry, approval delays, and limited monitoring of process compliance. This study aims to analyze requirements and design a web-based BLUD planning information system using an Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) approach through middleware to improve cross-system interoperability, data consistency, and the timeliness of executive reporting. The study adopts the Design Science Research (DSR) framework, comprising problem identification, definition of solution objectives, artifact design and development, demonstration, evaluation, and communication/report writing. The proposed system includes a unit-based budget proposal module and item management, a role-based approval workflow (RBAC) with SLA tracking, a budget ceiling (pagu) master to benchmark proposals, audit trails and report exports, and an executive dashboard integrating budget perspectives, service indicators (e.g., bed occupancy rate/BOR and patient visits), and process compliance. It also provides an integration design via middleware (ESB/message broker) supported by a canonical data model (CDM) and traceable logging (trace_id/correlation_id). Evaluation using black-box testing and API contract testing indicates that the main planning workflow operates as intended and the integration interfaces are consistently defined, providing a foundation for staged implementation and further performance evaluation.

Stunting and wasting are nutritional problems in toddlers that remain a double burden of malnutrition in Indonesia and have an impact on the quality of health and future human resource development. Monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers is generally carried out using anthropometric indicators, but the use of this data is still limited to descriptive analysis. This study aims to apply the K-Means algorithm in clustering infants vulnerable to stunting and wasting based on anthropometric indicators, so that groups of infants with different levels of nutritional vulnerability can be identified. The dataset used consists of infant data with variables of gender, age (months), height (cm), and weight (kg). The research stages included data preprocessing, encoding categorical variables, data normalization, determining the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow and Silhouette Score methods, and analyzing the characteristics of each cluster. The evaluation results showed that the optimal number of clusters was four. Each cluster has different anthropometric characteristics and distributions of stunting and wasting status, ranging from groups with relatively normal nutritional conditions, groups with a tendency toward overnutrition, to groups that are vulnerable to acute and chronic malnutrition. These clustering results provide a more comprehensive and segmented mapping of toddlers, which can be used as a basis for formulating more targeted and data-driven nutrition policies and interventions.

Conventional management of sports services often leads to inefficiency and limited public access to experts and facilities. Reliance on manual systems poses a high risk of scheduling conflicts or human error. This study aims to develop the User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) design for the Movement and Athletic Talent Hub (MATCH) application as an integrative digital solution. The approach employed is the Design Thinking method, encompassing the stages of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and testing. The design process resulted in an interactive prototype featuring key functions such as facility booking, trainer search, and a digital payment system. Evaluation was conducted using the System Usability Scale (SUS) method involving target users. The test results yielded an average score of 79.5, categorizing the MATCH application within the Good rating and Acceptable status. These findings indicate that the design is effective in meeting user needs and is viable for further development as a digital sports ecosystem.

This study analyzes creditworthiness assessment and predicts non-performing loan (NPL) risk using the Naïve Bayes algorithm at BPR Ukabima Lestari, Jambi Branch. A quantitative data mining approach with probabilistic classification is applied. The dataset includes borrower attributes such as age, occupation, income, loan amount, tenor, collateral, and repayment history. Research stages comprise data preprocessing, model development, and performance evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score implemented in RapidMiner. The results indicate that the Naïve Bayes model achieves 99.58% accuracy, demonstrating strong capability to predict potential problem loans accurately and efficiently, supporting data-driven credit decisions and strengthening credit risk management in microbanking institutions.

The increasing demand for interactive web applications has encouraged the adoption of server-driven approaches such as Livewire as an alternative to building Single Page Applications (SPAs) without complex client-side JavaScript. However, the performance implications of this approach compared to conventional methods remain insufficiently explored. This study presents an empirical comparison between Laravel Blade with AJAX and Livewire in an academic attendance system scenario. Performance evaluation was conducted using k6 on the same web server, complemented by manual browser-based testing to observe actual communication patterns. The results indicate that Livewire exhibits approximately 2.7× higher average response time and up to 6× greater bandwidth consumption than Laravel Blade, primarily due to its snapshot mechanism and state synchronization process. Conversely, Livewire demonstrates better stability, reflected by lower maximum response times and a 0% error rate. These findings highlight a clear trade-off between resource efficiency and development convenience, where Livewire favors stability and developer productivity, while Laravel Blade provides superior efficiency in terms of latency and bandwidth usage.

The development of live streaming and shop social media has made TikTok a potential digital platform to support community entrepreneurship. TikTok functions not only as an entertainment medium but also as a means of promoting and selling products online. This Community Service (PkM) activity aims to optimize the use of TikTok as an entrepreneurial medium for Dasa Wisma (Dawis) women. The activity was carried out in four stages: preparation, implementation, evaluation, and reporting. The methods used included lectures, discussions, questions and answers, and hands-on practice in creating and managing TikTok content for business purposes. The training results showed that the Dawis women were able to understand and practice using TikTok as a sales medium, from account creation, promotional video content creation, to interacting with potential buyers. Evaluation of participant satisfaction and understanding showed a positive response to the training implementation. Thus, this activity successfully increased the knowledge and skills of the Dawis women in utilizing TikTok as an entrepreneurial medium and supported the development of digital technology-based online businesses.

Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) is a public health facility that plays a vital role in providing health services for toddlers and pregnant women. However, data management and reporting often face challenges, such as limited access to information and errors in data recording. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System using the CodeIgniter Framework to improve efficiency and accuracy in data management and reporting. In the development phase, a system requirements analysis and web-based application architecture design were conducted. The system implementation uses the CodeIgniter Framework as a framework to produce a faster, more efficient, and more reliable application. Proposed features include recording health data for toddlers and pregnant women, immunization schedules, weighing, and health reports. The results show that the Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System can improve efficiency in recording and reporting health data. Users, including posyandu officers, midwives, and administrators, can easily access and manipulate data in real-time. Furthermore, this system helps improve service quality by providing more accurate and complete information on toddler health. In conclusion, the implementation of the Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System using the CodeIgniter Framework provides significant benefits for data management and health services at Posyandu Payolaumbu. Suggestions for further development include maximizing system utilization, developing additional features, routine maintenance, and ongoing evaluation based on user feedback. With these steps, it is hoped that this system can contribute more effectively to improving the quality of health services at Posyandu and supporting comprehensive public health efforts.

This study aims to describe the integration of environmental education into early childhood learning activities at TK Prawidya Dharma Demulih through the use of recycled waste as a creative and educational learning medium. The study was motivated by the low environmental awareness among children and the limited use of environmentally themed learning media in the institution. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied using the ADDIE development model, consisting of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The findings reveal that employing a recycled-material spinner game enhanced children’s understanding of environmental cleanliness and encouraged environmentally responsible behavior through playful learning activities. The children showed strong enthusiasm, participated actively, and began to develop habits related to cleanliness after the learning sessions. Moreover, teachers gained new insights into designing innovative and functional learning media using discarded materials. Overall, the use of recycled waste as an educational tool proved effective in fostering environmental awareness while supporting creativity and meaningful learning experiences for early childhood learners..

Digital portfolios are a crucial tool for professionally showcasing abilities and learning objectives. Nevertheless, the projects and certificates of participants in the Independent Study program at VINIX7 are still kept apart and are not controlled by an integrated system. This requirement is the basis for the research's design and development of a website-based digital portfolio system that will serve as participants' key platform. Requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing are all steps in the Waterfall approach of system development. The Laravel framework was used to create the VinixPort website, which is backed by a MySQL database. The system has tools for managing portfolio material, talent evaluation, user registration and login, and data presentation via analytics. The study's findings show that the VinixPort website was created successfully and that all of the system's primary features work as intended. This service helps users create organized digital portfolios that are readily available and prepared for both professional and academic use.

The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code brought fundamental changes to the regulation of the crime of adultery in Indonesia. The expansion of the scope of criminalization, including regulations regarding extramarital relationships, has given rise to debate regarding its compliance with the principles of the formation of laws and regulations and its impact on criminal law enforcement. This study aims to analyze the provisions of the adultery article in the new Criminal Code from the perspective of the principles of the formation of laws and regulations and assess its implications for the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative and conceptual approach. Legal materials were obtained through literature studies and analyzed qualitatively and juridically. The results show that the regulation of the crime of adultery in the new Criminal Code has a clear normative purpose, but still leaves issues regarding the clarity of formulation, legal certainty, and potential human rights violations. Furthermore, the application of the adultery article has the potential to create obstacles in law enforcement practices, particularly related to evidence, caseload, and the legitimacy of the criminal justice system. Therefore, further evaluation is needed to ensure that these regulations align with the principles of sound legislative development and ensure legal justice.

The JKN Mobile application is an electronic-based service innovation introduced by BPJS Health to facilitate JKN participants in accessing healthcare services and managing their membership information. This study aims to explore the experiences and perspectives of outpatient patients regarding the effectiveness of the JKN Mobile online registration system at Baubau City Regional General Hospital. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, with informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected to capture the meanings of patients’ experiences in using the application. The findings show that most patients are satisfied with the practicality, speed, and flexibility of the online registration system. However, technical problems, particularly unstable internet connectivity, remain a major challenge. Furthermore, the online registration system has contributed to improved service efficiency and patient satisfaction. These findings indicate the importance of continuous evaluation and improvement of the JKN Mobile online registration system to enhance service quality and health information system development at Baubau City Regional General Hospital.

This Community Intervention activity aims to optimize the identity of Ujung Piring Village through place branding, which includes creating a village logo, profile video, and designing a site plan for the village square. The main problems faced by the village are the lack of a strong visual identity to optimise its potential and structured planning of village space/facilities. The methods used in the village site plan development activity were observation, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The results of the activity showed that the village logo successfully represented local values and history symbolically; the profile video was an effective medium for public communication; and the village square site plan provided direction for the development of a functional, aesthetic public space that supports social interaction. This activity proves that place branding can strengthen village identity, increase community engagement, and open up opportunities for village economic development. Further evaluation and monitoring are needed to assess the long-term impact of the implementation of this work program.