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This research aims to: (1) produce mathematics learning media in the form of interactive e-modules with a learning approach.realistic mathematics education (RME) which is oriented towards numerical ability and mathematical growth mindset students and describe their characteristics; (2) describe the quality of the learning e-module which meets the criteria of being valid, practical and effective so that it is suitable for use by junior high school students using the approach realistic mathematics education (RME). The development model used in this development research is the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research subjects consisted of one teacher and 32 seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Pajangan in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, who participated in this research.The results of the study show that the developed e-module has the following main characteristics: (1) using the RME approach in learning strategies; (2) facilitating the improvement of numeracy through learning videos, LKPD, and quizzes; (3) fostering growth mindset through motivational videos, inspirational sentences, discussion spaces, as well as feedback and self-evaluation features; and (4) using test- and questionnaire-based evaluation instruments. Validity tests showed very good results with an average score of 96% from media experts and 98% from material experts. The practicality of the e-module was assessed as very good by teachers (96.19%) and good by students (80.47%), and the implementation of learning reached 96.8%. Effectiveness was proven through MANOVA and t-tests which showed a significant increase in numeracy and mathematical growth mindset after using the e-module. Thus, the RME-based interactive e-module is suitable for use as an innovative mathematics learning medium at the junior high school level.

This study aims to develop a junior high school mathematics e-module based on local culture at the Van der Wijck Fortress complex to enhance students’ mathematical reasoning skills and learning interest. Specifically, the objectives are: (1) to describe the characteristics of the local culture-based e-module that can improve reasoning ability and learning motivation, and (2) to produce a high-quality e-module that meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The research employed the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The participants consisted of one teacher, 31 students in the experimental class, and 32 students in the control class at a public junior high school in Kebumen Regency. The instruments used included validation sheets for media and material, competency tests, mathematical reasoning tests, learning interest questionnaires, and practicality assessment forms for teachers and students. The results showed that the e-module possesses characteristics of being self-instructional, self-contained, stand-alone, adaptive, and user-friendly. Product validity was confirmed through expert validation with average scores of 4.26 for media and 4.35 for material (very valid). The validation of instruments obtained average scores ranging from 4.5 to 4.92, categorized as very valid. Practicality was demonstrated through teacher assessments of 92%, student assessments of 85%, and learning implementation of 94% (all very practical). Effectiveness testing using the Multivariate Hotelling’s T² test indicated significant differences between experimental and control classes in competency test scores, mathematical reasoning, and learning interest. Therefore, the local culture-based mathematics e-module is proven valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students’ mathematical reasoning and learning motivation.

The rapid advancement of science and technology requires universities to provide safe, comfortable, and representative learning facilities. One such initiative is the construction of a five-story lecture building at Dr. Soetomo University, designed with a steel structure as an alternative to reinforced concrete. Steel was chosen due to its high tensile strength, uniform material properties, lighter weight, ease of installation, and strong resistance to earthquake loads. This study aims to design a five-story lecture building with a steel structure that meets the requirements of strength, stability, and safety in accordance with applicable standards. The method applied is structural planning based on SNI 1729:2020, SNI 1727:2020, and SNI 1726:2019 using the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach. Structural analysis was conducted with SAP2000 version 2014 through three-dimensional modeling that considers geometry, material properties, loading, and placement. The results show that the selected steel profiles for beams, columns, and connections are capable of supporting the combination of dead loads, live loads, and seismic loads with safe performance. The maximum stress remains below the allowable limit, and the deflection values do not exceed the permitted deviation. These findings confirm that steel provides efficiency in dimensions and materials while offering practicality and earthquake resistance, and the design produced can serve as a useful reference for future multi-story building projects in earthquake-prone regions.

This study was conducted to develop an edutainment-based learning media product and to assess its feasibility in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness with a focus on understanding mathematical concepts and fostering self-directed learning in social arithmetic topics. The research employed a development approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The instruments used included validation sheets completed by experts, practicality questionnaires filled out by teachers and students, mathematical concept comprehension tests, and self-directed learning questionnaires. Research subjects consisted of two groups: a small-scale trial with 10 seventh-grade students and a large-scale trial with 32 students. The findings revealed that the edutainment learning media developed was appropriate for use, fulfilling all three aspects of feasibility. The validity score for media was 142 out of 230 (medium category), while the material validation reached 110 out of 135 (high category). Practicality assessments showed very high results, with teachers assigning a score of 175 out of 172 indicators and students achieving an average score of 156.8, which placed the media in the very high category. Effectiveness was demonstrated by improved mathematical concept comprehension, where the pretest average of 75.24 increased to 84.38 in the posttest, meeting the minimum high category. Similarly, the self-directed learning questionnaire showed improvement, with average scores rising from 99.97 to 102.91, and the percentage of students attaining very high posttest results increased to 90.63%.

Homecare services are increasingly recognized as a preferred healthcare option because of their practicality, flexibility, and accessibility, especially for elderly patients and individuals with physical limitations who face difficulties in reaching health facilities. This study aims to examine the relationship between consumer, provider, sociocultural, and organizational factors with patients’ preferences in selecting homecare services. Employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive analytical design, data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test to determine the significance of each factor. The findings reveal that consumer-related aspects, such as personal needs, convenience, and trust (p = 0.005), along with sociocultural influences including social norms, cultural values, and family support (p < 0.001), have a significant relationship with patients’ choices of homecare services. In contrast, provider factors (p = 0.096) and organizational factors (p = 0.161) were found to have no significant impact on the decision-making process. These results suggest that patients’ decisions are primarily shaped by internal motivations and sociocultural environments rather than institutional or organizational elements. Thus, it is essential for healthcare providers to focus on understanding community needs, cultural practices, and patient expectations to ensure that the services offered are both relevant and acceptable. By integrating cultural sensitivity and consumer-oriented strategies, homecare services can become more effective, trusted, and widely utilized within the community.

This Community Service Program (PKM) was implemented at UMKM Wedang Rempah 3 Putri Sukoharjo with the aim of enhancing competitiveness through the application of e-prospek, strengthening digital marketing, and product diversification into ready-to-drink (RTD) beverages. The program employed mentoring, training, and hands-on practice, engaging UMKM actors actively from the planning stage to implementation. The results show that the use of the e-prospek application successfully expanded market access, digital marketing improved promotional effectiveness, and RTD product diversification attracted modern consumers who value practicality and health benefits. Beyond the economic impact of increased sales, the program fostered digital awareness, local leadership, and community independence. Theoretically, these findings reinforce the literature on the significance of digital transformation and product innovation in community-based MSME empowerment. This program is recommended for sustainable development through enhanced digital literacy, stronger local branding, and multi-stakeholder collaboration to establish an adaptive, innovative, and competitive MSME empowerment model.

The research entitled "Development of Pantun Card Media to Improve Pantun Writing Skills of Grade VII Students of SMP Negeri 4 Percut Sei Tuan" was motivated by the low ability of students in writing pantun due to a lack of understanding of pantun structure and limited interesting learning media. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model through the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data were obtained through validation by media experts, material experts, and language experts, teacher and student response questionnaires, and pretest and posttest tests in the experimental and control classes. The validation results showed that the pantun card media was included in the "very valid" category with a percentage score of 92% from media experts, 92% from language experts, and 100% from material experts with an average of 94.67%, as well as practicality tests by teachers of 92% and 89.85% from students which indicated that this media was very suitable for use and well received. The effectiveness test showed a significant increase in the ability to write pantun in the experimental class compared to the control class with an N-Gain score of 57.83%, so that the pantun card media is quite effective to be used as an innovative alternative in learning Indonesian, especially the material for writing pantun.

This research aims to develop an electronic student worksheet (E-LKPD) based on Liveworksheet, integrated with Quizwhizzer, for teaching economic activities in elementary school. The background of this study stems from the limited variation in learning activities and the underutilization of digital technology in the learning process at schools. To address these problems, the study seeks to produce innovative, interactive, and easily accessible learning media that can support student engagement and improve learning outcomes. The development process follows the ADDIE model, consisting of five stages: Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. In the analysis stage, the needs of students and teachers were identified. The design and development stages involved creating E-LKPD content integrated with Liveworksheet and interactive quizzes using Quizwhizzer. The implementation was carried out through classroom trials, followed by evaluation to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of the product. Data collection was conducted through expert validation (media, material, and language experts) and questionnaire responses from both teachers and students. The validation results indicated that the E-LKPD developed is of excellent quality, with a score of 90% from media experts, 98% from material experts, and 96% from linguists. The student trial also produced highly positive results, with a feasibility score of 83%, reflecting strong student enthusiasm and acceptance of the media. Teachers also responded positively to the practicality and clarity of the content. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Liveworksheet-based E-LKPD integrated with Quizwhizzer is highly feasible and effective for use in teaching economic activities at SD Negeri 7 Kampungdalem. This learning media is expected to increase students' interest, motivation, and active participation, while also optimizing the role of technology in supporting a more engaging and meaningful learning experience in the classroom.

This research aims to formulate a business development strategy for AK Laundry, a micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) located in Palembang that operates in the laundry service industry. As competition in this sector continues to intensify, MSMEs are required to adapt quickly through effective strategic planning. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, direct observations, documentation, and questionnaires, ensuring a holistic understanding of both internal and external conditions. The analysis was carried out using the SWOT framework, which identifies internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats. The findings reveal that AK Laundry possesses several strengths, including good relationships with its loyal customer base, competitive pricing that appeals to a wide range of market segments, and a strategic location that facilitates accessibility. However, weaknesses were also identified, such as limited promotional efforts, particularly in digital channels, and occasional delays in completing customer orders, which may affect satisfaction and trust. From an external perspective, AK Laundry has opportunities to expand its services, particularly through the growing demand for pickup and delivery facilities, as well as changes in consumer lifestyles that increasingly prioritize practicality and efficiency. Nevertheless, the enterprise must also address potential threats, such as intense competition in pricing strategies among similar businesses and the risk of item loss, which could undermine its reputation. Based on the SWOT matrix, AK Laundry is positioned in Quadrant I, indicating that it holds considerable potential for aggressive growth. Therefore, the recommended strategies include strengthening digital marketing initiatives, introducing innovative services to differentiate from competitors, enhancing employee competencies through training programs, and upgrading equipment to improve service quality and speed. These strategies are expected to help AK Laundry leverage its strengths and opportunities effectively, ensuring sustainable development and competitiveness in the MSME laundry service sector.

This study was motivated by the low interest and skills of seventh-grade students at Darul Ulum Budi Agung Private Islamic Junior High School, which was caused by the use of uninteresting teaching methods and the lack of innovative learning media during classroom activities. This study aimed to develop animated video learning media for seventh-grade students' descriptive text material. The research methodology uses research and development with the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The population in this study was seventh-grade students at MTs Swasta Darul Ulum Budi Agung, with a sample size of 30 students from class VII-1 and 30 students from class VII-5. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, validation tests, questionnaires, and documentation, then analyzed using SPSS V.26 software with normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-tests to obtain valid and accurate results. The research results indicate that the developed animated video was deemed highly suitable by media experts (90%), language experts (84%), and subject matter experts (86%). The practicality of the animated video also received highly practical results, with 94% of teachers, 58% of control class students, and 92% of experimental class students responding positively. Additionally, the effectiveness of the animated video showed an improvement in students' writing skills, with an average of 67.66 for the control class and 84.83 for the experimental class in the effective category. This study demonstrates that animated videos can serve as an alternative teaching material that supports the learning process and leads to significant improvements in learning outcomes.

The hospitality industry is experiencing rapid digital transformation, particularly with the widespread adoption of mobile ordering platforms in food and beverage services. This study seeks to examine how the use of a mobile ordering application affects staff–guest interactions at Semawis All-Day Dining, X Hotel Semarang. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The findings demonstrate that the integration of mobile ordering has significantly reshaped patterns of engagement between employees and guests, shifting from service approaches that emphasize relational warmth, friendliness, and emotional connection to those prioritizing efficiency, accuracy, and practicality. Although this system improves operational effectiveness, many employees feel that opportunities to establish deeper bonds with visitors are reduced, while senior staff frequently report experiencing technostress due to the pressure of adapting to new technologies. Consequently, the quality of personalized service and the traditional “human touch” in hospitality is gradually declining, even though efficiency levels have increased. To mitigate these challenges, hotels implement flexible strategies such as hybrid service models, combining technology-driven efficiency with face-to-face interaction to preserve the essence of hospitality. The research underscores the importance of considering relational, cultural, and psychosocial dimensions when implementing digital transformation in hotels. It concludes that successful integration of mobile ordering relies not only on operational convenience but also on strengthening technological literacy, providing continuous training, and adopting a human-centered service orientation. By balancing innovation with human values, hotels can maximize digital benefits while maintaining authentic hospitality experiences that remain memorable and meaningful for guests.

This study aims to design and develop an interactive learning medium based on Augmented Reality (AR) for the subject of Basic Electronics Engineering, particularly on the topic of active and passive electronic components, in order to enhance the understanding and learning motivation of tenth-grade students at SMK Negeri 5 Padang. The development method used is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC), which includes the stages of conceptualization, design, material collection, production, testing, and distribution. The final product of this research is an Android application utilizing AR technology to display 3D objects of electronic components, equipped with learning materials, educational videos, interactive evaluations, and a scan marker feature. The results of the development and implementation of this learning medium show that the Android application serves as an interactive medium that supports the learning process through Augmented Reality technology. The application received a score of 93% from the Media Expert, categorized as “Valid,” and 89.3% from the Material Expert, also categorized as “Valid.” Furthermore, the practicality test conducted with students showed an overall score of 93.15%, categorized as “Very Practical.” Based on the design results and validation by the Media Expert and Material Expert, it can be concluded that this interactive learning medium based on Augmented Reality technology is highly feasible for use. Furthermore, the implementation of this application in the learning process shows an increase in student participation and enthusiasm during the learning activities. Students appear more interested in exploring the material through 3D visualizations provided by AR technology, compared to conventional methods. The interactivity offered by the application, such as evaluation features and educational videos, also helps students understand concepts in a deeper and more enjoyable way. This shows that the integration of AR technology in learning media not only improves the effectiveness of the quality of the material.

Pesidi Village, located in Grabag Subdistrict, Magelang Regency, is a highland region with promising potential in agriculture and livestock, particularly sheep farming. However, one of the major challenges faced by local farmers is the limited availability of forage during the dry season, coupled with the low utilization of agricultural by-products such as rice straw. These constraints often hinder livestock productivity and pose risks to feed security. To address this issue, a community service program was conducted with the aim of introducing and demonstrating local-based feed processing technologies, including silage, ammoniation, and Urea Mineral Block (UMB) production. The activity was implemented in several stages: problem identification, socialization, education, training, and monitoring of farmer implementation. Through this participatory approach, farmers were given hands-on training and practical guidance on processing alternative feed sources to ensure the availability of nutritious and sustainable livestock feed. The results showed that farmers began adopting UMB as a feed supplement due to its practicality and visible benefits in maintaining livestock health and productivity. However, silage and ammoniation methods were not yet widely adopted, mainly due to limited experience, lack of supporting equipment, and the perception that the processes were relatively complex. Despite these challenges, the program succeeded in raising farmer awareness of the importance of feed diversification and the optimization of agricultural waste. The training provided valuable insights into how the integration of silage, ammoniation, and UMB can increase feed efficiency, reduce dependency on fresh forage, and support sustainable livestock management. The implementation of these three technologies holds significant potential to enhance sheep farming productivity in rural highland communities, while simultaneously strengthening food security and supporting environmentally friendly agricultural practices.

This study aims to: (1) produce e-LKPD based on problem-based learning oriented to mathematical problem-solving ability and self-confidence of high school students on the material of equations and quadratic functions and (2) describe the feasibility of PBL-based e-LKPD oriented to mathematical problem- solving ability and self-confidence of high school students on the material of equations and quadratic functions seen from the aspects of validity,  practicality, and effectiveness. This type of research is research and development using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Malinau with the research subject of class X-3 students totaling 35 students. Data collection was carried out using interview techniques, observation, e-LKPD validation sheets, pretest-posttest, and questionnaires. To determine the validity, the e-LKPD assessment sheet of material and media experts was used, practicality used student and teacher response questionnaires, and effectiveness used mathematics problem solving ability test questions and student self-confidence questionnaires. Data analysis consisted of qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data analysis was conducted by analyzing the results of interviews, observations, and comments or suggestions given to make improvements to the e-LKPD products developed. Quantitative data analysis was conducted by converting quantitative data into qualitative data in the form of certain categories, normality test using shapiro-wilk, t-test with paired samples test, and N-Gain score. The results showed: (1) PBL-based e-LKPDs oriented towards mathematical problem solving skills and self-confidence of high school students on the material of quadratic equations and functions have been produced, (2) PBL-based e-LKPDs developed meet product feasibility, namely valid with excellent categories based on material and media experts; practical with very practical categories based on teacher responses and practical based on student responses; effective on math problem solving skills with classical completeness of 77%, the t-test results obtained a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 which means that there is a difference in the average ability to solve mathematical problems before and after learning using e-LKPD, the N-Gain result is 0.65 with moderate criteria, and effective on student self-confidence with an increase in the average score of each indicator before and after learning,  the N-Gain result is 0.49 with moderate criteria, and the t-test results with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05.

SD Negeri 27 Salafen in Raja Ampat has not yet implemented varied video learning media. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective Doratoon-based video learning media for use in the learning process. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D), adopting the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and other data collection instruments. The subjects of this study were 24 students from grade V of SD Negeri 27 Raja Ampat. Based on the results, the development of Doratoon-based video learning media showed very positive results. Validation was conducted by two validators, namely a material expert and a media expert. The material expert’s validation resulted in an average percentage of 97%, while the media expert achieved an average percentage of 86%, both falling into the "Very Valid" category. This indicates that the developed media met very good criteria for use in the learning process. The practicality of the learning media was measured using a respondent questionnaire, which showed an average percentage of 95.1%, classified as "Very Practical." Additionally, the effectiveness of the learning media was assessed using another respondent questionnaire, resulting in an average percentage of 95.7%, which is classified as "Very Effective." Based on the trial results from grade V students, the average score obtained was 87%, which is categorized as "Very Good." Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the development of Doratoon-based video learning media is valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process at SD Negeri 27 Salafen. This media is expected to serve as a solution to improve the quality of learning, making it more interactive and engaging, and can be used as an innovative alternative for learning in schools, especially in remote areas like Raja Ampat. This study also provides an important contribution to developing digital-based learning technology in such regions.

This research aims to develop a mathematics teaching module based on differentiated learning integrated with the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) method, specifically for the topic of spatial structures ("get up room") for students at Nanasi 1 Elementary School. The development process follows the 4D model, which includes the stages of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. In the Define stage, analysis revealed the absence of instructional modules that align with students' learning styles and needs. Consequently, learning objectives were formulated based on geometric elements and problem-solving criteria. During the Design stage, a prototype module and validation instruments were produced. Validation was conducted by two experts, yielding high scores for both content and visual presentation—each achieving 90% validity. Practicality assessments also showed strong results, with content rated at 90.8% and visual aspects at 90%, categorizing the module as “very valid” and “very practical.” The integration of the PjBL method was implemented to enhance active student participation, encouraging collaborative exploration and real-world application of mathematical concepts. The developed module is considered suitable for supporting differentiated mathematics instruction in elementary schools. It accommodates diverse learning styles and promotes student engagement through project-based tasks. The findings suggest that combining differentiated learning with PjBL fosters a more inclusive and effective learning environment, particularly in geometry-related topics. This module not only meets pedagogical standards but also contributes to the advancement of innovative teaching practices in primary education.

This study aims to develop interactive learning media for logic gate material in Industrial Electronics Engineering subjects at SMK Negeri 5 Batam by utilizing Adobe Flash CS6 integrated with CircuitVerse. This media is designed to provide a more interesting, interactive, and applicable learning experience, so it is expected to improve students' understanding of the concept of logic gates which is a basic material in the field of electronics. The study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with a 4D development model that includes the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. Research data were collected through validation by material experts and media experts, as well as practicality tests involving students. Data collection instruments were in the form of validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The validation results showed that the developed learning media obtained a score of 88.20% from material experts and 93.88% from media experts, both of which are in the "very valid" category. The practicality test involving grade XI students obtained a score of 92.80%, indicating that the media is "very practical" to use in the learning process. This interactive media combines elements of text, images, animation, and digital circuit simulations using CircuitVerse, so students can learn logic gate concepts visually and directly practice them virtually. This integration not only makes it easier for students to understand the theory but also trains problem-solving and critical thinking skills. The findings of this study indicate that interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6 and CircuitVerse has great potential to increase learning motivation, student engagement, and conceptual understanding of logic gate material. This media is also relevant to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum, which emphasizes project-based learning, independent learning, and complete competency mastery.  

This study focuses on the development of an interactive web-based learning platform for Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control systems, aimed at addressing the conceptual challenges faced by electrical engineering students when learning PID through conventional teaching methods. Despite its foundational role in control theory, PID remains difficult to grasp without practical visualization and hands-on experimentation. To bridge this gap, the research introduces a practical and accessible platform that enhances conceptual understanding through real-time simulations and physical interaction. The proposed system integrates key hardware components including an ESP-32 microcontroller, DC motor, rotary encoder, BTS 7960 motor driver, and I2C LCD. The platform’s web interface is built using HTML, Tailwind CSS, and JavaScript, enabling intuitive user interaction. Motor response data is captured via the ESP-32 and transmitted to the web interface using the WebSocket protocol, allowing users to instantly visualize system behavior as PID parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) are adjusted. This dynamic feedback mechanism enables students to observe changes in system characteristics such as rise time, overshoot, and settling time in real time. To evaluate the platform’s feasibility, practicality, and educational effectiveness, beta testing was conducted among electrical engineering students using Likert-scale questionnaires. The results demonstrated that users were able to successfully interpret the impact of PID tuning on system performance. The average evaluation score reached 75.13%, indicating strong agreement regarding the platform’s educational value and its effectiveness in enhancing learning outcomes. In conclusion, the study affirms that the developed web-based platform offers a feasible, engaging, and pedagogically effective alternative to traditional learning approaches. By combining interactive simulations with physical experimentation, the platform significantly improves students’ understanding of PID control systems.

This study aims to develop and produce a product used as a learning medium in grade V, namely a learning video media based on the Canva application in the Science lesson Harmony in Ecosystems to improve student learning outcomes. This type of research and development (RnD) uses the ADDIE model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The product developed must go through a validity test conducted to determine the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality before being used in learning. The feasibility test was obtained from the review of media experts obtaining a score of 90% and material experts obtained 85% in the very feasible category, the practicality of this media was obtained from the review of practitioner experts with a score of 96% in the very practical category. The effectiveness of the learning media product was obtained from the results of student tests that before using the product, 6 out of 29 students completed with a percentage of 20% completion, after using the product the percentage increased to 93% experiencing an increase of 73% with a total of 27 out of 29 students completing. This shows that the media developed is effective in improving student understanding as seen from student learning outcomes. The developed media is feasible, practical, and effective for use in the Harmony in Ecosystems learning material.

This research was conducted to determine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of big book media in reading learning for first-grade beginners of the Karimah Quran Memorization Elementary School, Berastagi. This research was R&D using the ADDIE development model. The subjects were 20 first-grade students. Data collection techniques included interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The instruments used in this study included interviews, expert instruments (tests, media, and materials), practical instruments (teacher response questionnaires), and student learning outcome tests. Data analysis techniques used in this study included qualitative and quantitative data. The results showed that the product's feasibility achieved a percentage of 85% and was categorized as feasible. The product's practicality score was 92%, categorized as very practical. The product's effectiveness score was 0.75, categorized as effective. It can be concluded that the use of Big Book as a reading medium for first-grade beginners at Tahfiz Quran Karimah Elementary School in Berastagi is feasible, practical, and effective.