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Curriculum administration is all business processes that have been planned and attempted deliberately and earnestly as well as continuous guidance on teaching and learning activities effectively and efficiently in order to achieve the educational goals that have been set. The importance of curriculum administration in educational institutions, which includes the selection of materials, teaching methods, and assessments that are in accordance with educational goals and student needs. Curriculum administration plays a role in ensuring that the curriculum is well structured and organized through various levels of planning, implementation, and supervision. Curriculum evaluation is also an important part of education management, aiming to collect information about the effectiveness of curriculum implementation and the impact of learning outcomes. In addition, this journal highlights the role of teachers in curriculum administration as implementers, adapters, developers, and researchers. The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents an opportunity for educators to carry out a learning process that focuses on the needs, interests, and learning styles of students, because the independent curriculum requires educators to carry out differentiated learning as an initiative in facilitating students, especially in Pancasila education, which incidentally is still carried out by conventional models or methods.

This research is classroom action research that aims to improve learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). The topic is changing forms of energy in class IV-B students, SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya. The number of students in the class consists of 25. The data collection method used consists of observation, tests, and documentation. The learning model applied is problem-based learning (PBL). The research results show that the learning model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. The pre-cycle results showed a completion rate of 32%; in cycle 1, it increased to 56%, and then in cycle 2, it increased to 80%. Implementation of learning models (problem-based learning) has succeeded in achieving the expected targets and can effectively improve student learning outcomes, especially in class IV-B at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in the 2024-2025 academic year. The learning model of problem-based learning (PBL) is also known for its effectiveness in building students' critical thinking skills so that it can help make the learning process easier.    

Cooperative learning model is one of the models that can be used as an alternative. The use of small groups in cooperative learning makes students work together to achieve the learning objectives. The problems in this study are (1) How is the application of cooperative learning models in improving the character of self-confidence in civics subjects in class III SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru (2) Whether the cooperative learning model can improve the character of self confidence in the subject of civics in class III. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was conducted in two cycles using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis methods.  Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were third grade students of SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru, totalling 31 students. The research data were obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student confidence test results, then the data were analysed using the percentage formula.The results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 72.11% to 92.15% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 45.71% to 83.69% and, (3) student learning outcomes in Civics subject in cycle I by using cooperative 32.25% to 83.87% in cycle II.This shows that the results of students' self-confidence in Civics subjects by using cooperative models show very positive results. Based on the results of this study, it can increase students' confidence to be more active and the teacher's ability to improve to be better.

Cooperative learning model is one of the models that can be used as an alternative. The use of small groups in cooperative learning makes students work together to achieve the learning objectives. The problems in this study are (1) How is the application of cooperative learning models in improving the character of self-confidence in civics subjects in class III SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru (2) Whether the cooperative learning model can improve the character of self confidence in the subject of civics in class III. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was conducted in two cycles using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis methods.  Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were third grade students of SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru, totalling 31 students. The research data were obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student confidence test results, then the data were analysed using the percentage formula.The results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 72.11% to 92.15% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 45.71% to 83.69% and, (3) student learning outcomes in Civics subject in cycle I by using cooperative 32.25% to 83.87% in cycle II.This shows that the results of students' self-confidence in Civics subjects by using cooperative models show very positive results. Based on the results of this study, it can increase students' confidence to be more active and the teacher's ability to improve to be better.

This study aims to examine and describe the prayer learning model applied in Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Baitul Qur'an. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The researcher acts as the main instrument assisted by supporting tools in the form of interview guidelines, mobile phones, and field notes. The data obtained are analyzed through the stages of data reduction, grouping data into certain units, categorization, checking the validity of the data (including credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability), as well as interpretation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the prayer learning model in RA Baitul Qur'an includes classical, group, corner, area, cooperative, and direct learning models. The programs implemented include: (a) introduction to ablution members, ablution procedures, and prayers before and after prayer; (b) introduction to prayer movements and memorization of prayers in and after prayer; and (c) practice of prayer implementation, namely the practice of praying every Friday and dhuha prayer every two weeks. These models are used to instill an understanding and skills of prayer worship in early childhood in a gradual and enjoyable way.

This study aims to form students' discipline in maintaining time, especially in performing prayers, as well as to strengthen the faith and improve the quality of worship of students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Syafi'iyah II. The focus of this study includes: (1) Planning of Islamic Jurisprudence learning on prayer material through audio-visual media for class IV students of MI Syafi'iyah II, (2) Implementation of Islamic Jurisprudence learning on prayer material using audio-visual media, and (3) Evaluation of Islamic Jurisprudence learning on prayer material for class IV students of MI Syafi'iyah II. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were determined purposively. Data analysis uses the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana models consisting of data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the data is tested by triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study show that: (1) The use of audio-visual media in learning Islamic jurisprudence on prayer material is very relevant and in accordance with the characteristics of students, (2) Active, innovative, creative, effective, and enjoyable learning can increase the spirit and enthusiasm of students, and reduce boredom in learning, and (3) Completeness of facilities and infrastructure greatly influences the success of learning evaluation, both summative, formative, input, process, and output evaluations.

Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching and learning process in the classroom where students are first asked to observe a phenomenon. Then students are asked to record the problems that arise, after that the teacher's job is to stimulate critical thinking in solving existing problems. The teacher's task is to direct students to ask questions, prove assumptions, and listen to different perspectives among them. The problems in this study are (1) Can Problem-Based Learning (PBL) improve student learning outcomes in Civics class V at SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru (2) How is the effect of student learning outcomes with the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Civics class V at SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was conducted in two cycles using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were fifth-grade students of SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru, totaling 35 students. The research data was obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student test results, then the data was analyzed using the percentage formula. The results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I using a problem-based learning model from 78.75% to 91.25% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model 50.48% to 85.26%, and, (3) student learning outcomes in Civics subjects in cycle I using problem-based learning 40% to 94.28% in cycle II. This shows that student learning outcomes in Civics subjects using problem-based learning models show very positive results. Based on the results of this study can improve student learning outcomes to be more active and the ability of teachers to improve for the better.      

This study reviews various literature related to the implementation of game-based learning models in improving students' mathematical problem solving abilities. Game-based learning has proven effective in motivating students, increasing interaction, and developing mathematical problem solving skills. This article presents a summary of key findings from relevant studies, highlighting the application of the strategy and the positive impact that this approach can have in the context of mathematics learning.      

Abstract. This study examines the application of Agile Management principles in online learning platforms, focusing on the challenges and benefits experienced during implementation. Through qualitative research, including interviews and case studies, the research explores how platforms have adopted Agile practices, such as iterative cycles, regular feedback, and flexibility, to enhance responsiveness and adaptability. The findings reveal that the majority of platforms have integrated Agile principles, with a significant focus on overcoming challenges like resistance to change and a lack of training. Participants reported improved collaboration, increased efficiency, and the ability to respond to changes effectively. However, challenges remain, including the need for hybrid models combining Agile with traditional management frameworks. This study contributes valuable insights into the effectiveness of Agile practices in educational technology and offers directions for future research on enhancing Agile implementation in diverse educational settings.

Indonesian as the national language of the Indonesian nation is also a language studied in various countries. The Indonesian Language Program for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) is a program aimed at teaching Indonesian to foreign speakers. One of the learning models applied in the BIPA program is the AKIK Learning Model (active, communicative, interactive and collaborative). This research aims to: (1) describe the application of the AKIK learning model in BIPA teaching. (2) Analyzing student responses to the AKIK learning model. (3) Identifying the obstacles faced in implementing the AKIK learning model. (4) Evaluate the results of Indonesian language learning using the AKIK learning model. The research results show that the implementation of the AKIK learning model is effective in improving the communication skills and understanding of Indonesian at Normal University South Luzon students. Students responded positively to the AKIK learning model, feeling more motivated and active in learning. However, several obstacles are faced, such as cultural and language differences and limited learning facilities that support technology. This research contributes to the development of the BIPA curriculum by recommending more effective teaching strategies. The results can be used as a reference for teachers and researchers in the field of foreign language teaching, especially Indonesian.

In the industrial era 4.0 and advanced technology like today, teachers are faced with very tough challenges, especially PAI teachers, whose learning requires a clearer and more concrete picture. In this era, sources of information or learning are very easy to obtain, learning models and media are very innovative and formal education is required to produce quality students. This research is about how the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning for class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , aims to find out about the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning in increasing the critical thinking of class X students at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan . This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with field study methods and data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research on the implementation of the independent learning program in PAI class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , learning includes 3 aspects (intracurricular, co-curricular and extracurricular). With learning media using teaching modules, power points and computers.  

Improving the quality of learning is something that must be done well in school education, students who have diverse learning styles must be the main factor of teacher attention in order to be able to give meaning to learning well. To improve learning outcomes, one of them is through the application of the quantum learning model in the teaching and learning process. This research aims to find answers to the question of the effectiveness of using quantum learning in schools. Penalitian conducted by reviewing a variety of relevant literature both from journals and direct findings in the field. The results of the study found that the implementation of quantum learning can improve the quality of learning and maximum student understanding, given the different learning styles of students can be facilitated through the implementation of quantum learning models, so that learning styles are very supportive of quantum learning models and get perfect learning outcomes than conventional learning models.    

Religious moderation in early childhood is an effort to instill moderate religious values ​​in children from an early age. These values ​​include an attitude of tolerance, being fair, balance and also an attitude of equality. One way to instill the values ​​of religious moderation in young children is through the habituation method. This research aims to find out how the habituation method is implemented in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in early childhood at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh. What will be discussed in this research is how to implement the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in early childhood at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collected through interviews and documentation. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptive qualitatively. The research results showed that the forms of implementation of the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh were ablution, prayer practice, repeating and memorizing short surahs and daily prayers, introduction to places of worship from various religions. Apart from that, learning is carried out by instilling values ​​such as honesty, courtesy, mutual help and mutual respect. The steps for implementing the habituation method in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in children at Kartika Kindergarten Banda Aceh include teachers as models, preparing learning tools, involving parents, holding religious activities.

This research analyzes the potential integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Catholic catechesis for Generation Z through a systematic literature review of 98 articles published between 2015-2024. Using the PRISMA approach and three-level thematic analysis, this study identifies significant transformations in digital catechesis methods, focusing on three main areas: personalization of faith formation, digital contextualization, and AI integration in spiritual assessment. Results show improvements in doctrinal understanding and sacramental participation when AI is appropriately implemented. The digital catechesis integrity and adaptive learning pathways frameworks provide guidance for implementation that balances technological innovation with fidelity to the Magisterium. This study contributes to developing catechesis models that are responsive to Generation Z's needs while maintaining the integrity of Catholic teaching.

This research describes the application of collaborative learning in Indonesian language courses at universities, identifies its benefits, and identifies the challenges faced in its implementation. This research also aims to formulate solutions that can overcome these challenges, thereby strengthening the effectiveness and success of collaborative learning in the context of teaching Indonesian in higher education. Based on the results and discussion, the conclusion that can be drawn is that collaborative learning has a strong theoretical basis from social constructivism, constructivism, social learning, and cooperative theory (Vygotsky, Piaget, Bandura, Johnson & Johnson). The implementation of collaborative learning provides significant benefits for students and lecturers, including increased motivation, material knowledge, engagement, and better interpersonal relationships. Effective implementation strategies include clarifying learning objectives, forming effective groups, providing structured assignments, facilitating interaction, and providing fair assessments. Further training and provision is needed for students and lecturers in implementing collaborative learning effectively. The development of assessment instruments that are more detailed and sensitive to individual contributions in the group can increase the objectivity of the assessment. Further research is needed to identify more efficient strategies for overcoming challenges in collaborative learning. Stronger support from universities in providing the training and resources needed to optimize the implementation of collaborative learning models  

This research aims to develop and apply a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm to detect handwritten Roman numerals. Handwriting recognition is a classic challenge in the fields of image processing and machine learning, especially for less common characters such as Roman numerals. In this research, we use data augmentation techniques to increase the diversity and number of datasets used in model training, which is expected to increase model accuracy and generalization. The dataset used consists of 1,120 images for testing and 280 images for validation, each of which is divided into 14 classes of Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, L, C, D , and M. Image data was created directly using simple software, namely Paint version 6.3. This research uses the Python programming language and Google Colab as a computing platform. Model training was carried out for 300 epochs and showed significant accuracy in the 150th to 300th iteration. The results at the 300th epoch show an accuracy of 0.9607 and a loss of 0.1162. The implementation of this algorithm shows significant potential in practical applications, such as in the fields of education and historical documentation. The conclusion of this research is that data augmentation is an effective technique to improve the performance of CNN models in detecting handwritten Roman numerals.

This research is a conceptual study of the implementation of the Project Based Learning learning model as an effort to grow the character of students according to the 6 dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. The Project Based Learning learning model is one of the learning models that can foster Pancasila values in students. By using qualitative descriptive methods through library research, this study aims to find out how the implementation of the Project Based Learning learning model as an effort to grow the character of students according to the 6 dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. The results of this study show that the Project Based Learning learning model is a strategy that is in accordance with the values contained in the Pancasila Student Profile.

This research aims to determine various school literacy movement programs in fostering students' interest in reading. This type of research is qualitative (descriptive) research. Data collection techniques use listening and understanding techniques. The data validation technique uses data source triangulation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show the implementation of the school literacy movement in fostering students' interest in reading with models of implementing the school literacy movement such as adding interesting books, reading activities 15 minutes before learning, utilizing the school environment for literacy movements or reading that is rich in expanding students' knowledge and conducting questions and answers. and convey the material that is understood

This research is a conceptual study of the implementation of the Project Based Learning learning model as an effort to grow the character of students according to the 6 dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. The Project Based Learning learning model is one of the learning models that can foster Pancasila values in students. By using qualitative descriptive methods through library research, this study aims to find out how the implementation of the Project Based Learning learning model as an effort to grow the character of students according to the 6 dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile in the independent curriculum. The results of this study show that the Project Based Learning learning model is a strategy that is in accordance with the values contained in the Pancasila Student Profile.

This article is a report study on the development of a learning school management model of Lhokseumawe Sukma National School and the promotion of educational standards with the aim of sustainable educational development. The research focuses on the school profile of Sukma Nation students and the achievements and challenges of the program in its implementation. The study is qualitative and uses survey methods. Information gathered through documents and interviews with relevant authorities, including focus group observations. The study also presents various manifestations of Sukma Bangsa school innovations. The results specifically show that institutional leadership is related to the implementation of five main categories of learning schools, which are personal leadership, shared vision, mental models, situated thinking and group learning. The order of applications according to the system can be seen in the changes in the behavior of the individual regarding information management, information sharing, interpretation and information search. In addition, the student and school management model has become an important part of achieving school effectiveness.