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The rapid advancement of science and technology requires universities to provide safe, comfortable, and representative learning facilities. One such initiative is the construction of a five-story lecture building at Dr. Soetomo University, designed with a steel structure as an alternative to reinforced concrete. Steel was chosen due to its high tensile strength, uniform material properties, lighter weight, ease of installation, and strong resistance to earthquake loads. This study aims to design a five-story lecture building with a steel structure that meets the requirements of strength, stability, and safety in accordance with applicable standards. The method applied is structural planning based on SNI 1729:2020, SNI 1727:2020, and SNI 1726:2019 using the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach. Structural analysis was conducted with SAP2000 version 2014 through three-dimensional modeling that considers geometry, material properties, loading, and placement. The results show that the selected steel profiles for beams, columns, and connections are capable of supporting the combination of dead loads, live loads, and seismic loads with safe performance. The maximum stress remains below the allowable limit, and the deflection values do not exceed the permitted deviation. These findings confirm that steel provides efficiency in dimensions and materials while offering practicality and earthquake resistance, and the design produced can serve as a useful reference for future multi-story building projects in earthquake-prone regions.

The development of transportation infrastructure in Indonesia continues to be prioritized to enhance regional connectivity, including the maintenance and replacement of bridges that have exceeded their service life. The Semut Bridge in Surabaya, originally a three-span reinforced concrete girder bridge, has experienced structural deterioration due to corrosion and the presence of a central pier obstructing river flow. These conditions have reduced hydraulic capacity, increased sedimentation risk, and heightened the potential for flooding. This study redesigns the Semut Bridge by converting the existing structure into a single-span Howe truss steel bridge. The load analysis refers to SNI 1725 using the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method, while structural modeling was carried out both manually and with SAP2000 software. The planning includes the vehicle deck slab, composite girders, main truss members, connections, elastomeric bearings, and abutments. The results show that the bridge deck uses a 20 cm thick reinforced concrete slab with a one-way reinforcement system. Composite girders employ WF profiles, connections use shear connector studs with 25 mm diameter, and the main truss members adopt WF 900×300×16×38 profiles. The total concrete volume required is 282.6 m³, and the estimated steel demand reaches 122,383.79 kg. The single-span design eliminates the central pier, thereby improving river flow capacity while providing a structurally efficient, durable, and easily maintained solution.

Afrianto, A., Parjito, P., Rahma, E. A., & ... (2023). Rintisan desa cerdas: Penguatan literasi digital bagi Karang Taruna Neba. Prosiding Seminar.... https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/senadiba/article/view/8417 Akbarinasasi, A., & Panduwinata, L. F. (2023). Pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan, social skill, dan peluang usaha terhadap keberhasilan usaha angkringan. Nomicpedia: Journal of .... https://journal.inspirasi.or.id/nomicpedia/article/view/232 Anisti, A., Sidara, S., Veranus, V., & Imran, M. S. (2024). Tantangan literasi digital generasi Z: Kajian systematic literature review. Media Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Bahana, 30(2), 152–161. https://doi.org/10.33751/wahana.v30i2.11870 Aribawa, D. (2016). Pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap kinerja dan keberlangsungan UMKM di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 20(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.20885/jsb.vol20.iss1.art1 Erstiawan, M. (2021a). Good corporate governance penyelenggara pendidikan dalam perspektif agency theory. Majalah Ekonomi, 26(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.36456/majeko.vol26.no1.a3952 Erstiawan, M. (2021b). Kepatuhan emiten dalam taksonomi extensible business reporting (XBRL). CAPITAL: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 5(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.25273/capital.v5i1.10308 Erstiawan, M. S. (2024). Menggali potensi diri bisnis santripreneur berbasis bimbingan teknis. ADIMA Jurnal Awatara Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(4), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.61434/adima.v2i4.238 Erstiawan, M. S., & Y. R. (2022). Implikasi corporate social responsibility dalam perspektif akuntansi pada subsektor telekomunikasi. Jurnal Sosial Sains, 2(2), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.36418/sosains.v2i2.343 Erstiawan, M. S., et al. (2021). Efektivitas strategi pemasaran dan manajemen keuangan pada UMKM roti. Dikemas, 5(1), 57–61. https://doi.org/10.32486/jd.v5i1.574 Hodsay, Z. (2021). Pengaruh manajemen keuangan keluarga dan hasil belajar kewirausahaan pada era pandemi Covid-19 terhadap motivasi berwirausaha. Jurnal Neraca: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Ekonomi Akuntansi, 5(1), 91–103. https://doi.org/10.31851/neraca.v5i1.5890 Kartini, T. M., Suhendra, S., Tan, E., & ... (2024). Pelatihan pengelolaan SDM di era digital pada Karang Taruna dan usaha kecil di Provinsi Jawa Barat. SABAJAYA Jurnal .... https://journal.sabajayapublisher.com/index.php/jpkm/article/view/346 Mendari, A. S., & F. S. (2019). Hubungan tingkat literasi dan perencanaan keuangan. Jurnal Moduk, 31(2), 227–240. Naufal, H. A. (2021). Literasi digital. Perspektif, 1(2), 195–202. https://doi.org/10.53947/perspekt.v1i2.32 Nurcahyawati, V., Wulandari, S. H. E., & Sutomo, E. (2020). Penerapan urun daya berbasis internet untuk pemenuhan bahan baku pada usaha kecil menengah (UKM) batik Sidoarjo dan UKM Mekar Sari Surabaya. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 26(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.24114/jpkm.v26i2.16829 Oetama, S. (2022). Orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap keunggulan dalam bersaing. Google Books. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=L1h-EAAAQBAJ Poerna Wardhanie, A., Naufal, A. Z., & Eko Wulandari, S. H. (2021). Perancangan strategi digital marketing dengan metode RACE pada layanan online food delivery berdasarkan perilaku pelanggan generasi Z. Journal of Technology and Informatics (JoTI), 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.37802/joti.v3i1.187 Rahmawati, E., Wardhanie, A. P., Wulandari, S. H. E., & Effendi, P. M. (2023). Pelatihan perancangan prototype aplikasi pemasaran untuk mendukung keikutsertaan Gen Z pada festival inovasi dan kewirausahaan siswa Indonesia (FIKSI). Jurnal Abdi Insani, 10(2), 1002–1011. https://doi.org/10.29303/abdiinsani.v10i2.939 Rinaldi, M., & Ramadhani, M. A. (2024). Peningkatan literasi perpajakan dalam kalangan UMKM: Langkah menuju kemandirian finansial. Eastasouth Journal of Effective Community Services, 2(03), 158–169. https://doi.org/10.58812/ejecs.v2i03.240 Sagirani, T., Effendi, P. M., Erstiawan, M. S., Eko Wulandari, S. H., & Rahmawati, E. (2025). AI untuk siswa: Pendekatan experimental learning dalam pengenalan artificial intelligence di tingkat SMA. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (ABDIRA), 5(3), 1014–1025. https://doi.org/10.31004/abdira.v5i3.846 Sagirani, T., Nugroho, L. E., Santosa, P. I., & Kumara, A. (2015). User experience model in the interaction between children with special educational needs and learning media. 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), 72–75. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITACEE.2015.7437773 Septiani, R. N., & W. E. (2020). Pengaruh literasi keuangan dan inklusi keuangan terhadap kinerja UMKM di Sidoarjo (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University). https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2020.v09.i08.p16 Slamet, S., & Sagirani, T. (2024). Peningkatan kesiapan kerja siswa SMK melalui pengembangan soft skills di SMKN 1 Sambeng Lamongan. Tekmulogi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(2), 79–90. Soebijono, T., & E. M. (2020). Peranan revolusi industri 4.0 terhadap mutu pendidikan sekolah menengah kejuruan jurusan akuntansi. Jurnal Bisnis Perspektif, 12(2), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.37477/bip.v12i2.97 Wardhanie, A. P., Kartikasari, P., & Wulandari, S. H. E. (2019). Analisis penggunaan media internet pada usaha mikro kecil menengah (UMKM) Jawa Timur untuk menembus pasar global dengan metode O2O. Jurnal Bisnis Terapan, 3(02), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.24123/jbt.v3i02.2513 Wulandari, S., & Rahmah, M. (2020). A survey on crowdsourcing awareness in Indonesia micro small medium enterprises. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 769, 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/769/1/012016

. The phenomenon of a potential megathrust earthquake predicted to occur in the coming years has raised widespread concern among the Indonesian public, particularly due to the high vulnerability of existing structures. In response to this issue, this study aims to analyze the structural capacity of buildings in resisting seismic forces and lateral loads, with a specific focus on factory structures. As a civil engineering student specializing in structural engineering, the objective of this research is to examine the behavior, performance, and potential failure patterns of building structures under earthquake loads. The research method employs pushover analysis as a tool for structural assessment, while the evaluation process refers to the guidelines outlined in ATC-40. The analysis results indicate that the factory structure is capable of withstanding a lateral load of 108,587.40 kN, with a controlled roof displacement of 1.5 meters. The structural performance level is categorized under the Damage Control (DO) stage, specifically at performance level SP-2, where the structure remains standing under lateral loads but experiences damage requiring repair before reuse. Furthermore, the failure patterns observed reveal a progressive performance of structural elements, shifting from condition B (Basic), IO (Immediate Occupancy), LS (Life Safety), C (Collapse Prevention), up to E (Extreme Damage). These findings highlight the importance of proper structural design and evaluation in enhancing resilience, ensuring safety, and minimizing potential risks from future megathrust earthquake events.

Welding is one of the most essential metal joining processes in manufacturing, construction, and industrial applications, where Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) remains widely used due to its flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and ability to be applied in various welding positions. This study aims to analyze the effect of welding position variations on the mechanical properties of SS400 steel, particularly in terms of tensile strength, bending strength, and microstructural characteristics. The experimental method was conducted using 6 mm thick SS400 steel with E6013 electrodes of 2.6 mm diameter in three welding positions: 1G, 2G, and 3G. The welded specimens were then tested through tensile testing (ASTM E8) and bending testing (ASTM E190-14), followed by microstructural analysis in the weld metal area. The results revealed that welding position significantly affects the mechanical properties of welded joints, where the 3G position produced the highest tensile strength of 188.48 kgf/mm², while the 2G position produced the lowest tensile strength of 113.70 kgf/mm². Conversely, the bending test showed that the 2G position provided the maximum bending strength of 1394 kgf/mm², followed by 3G and 1G positions. Microstructural observations demonstrated variations in the distribution of ferrite, pearlite, martensite, and cementite phases across different welding positions, with the dominance of ferrite and pearlite in the 3G specimen contributing to higher tensile strength, while the dominance of martensite and cementite in the 2G specimen enhanced hardness and bending resistance. Overall, this study confirms that welding position plays a crucial role in determining the quality of SS400 welded joints, and the findings are expected to serve as practical guidance for industry in selecting appropriate welding positions for construction needs, while encouraging further research with additional variables such as electrode type, welding current, and post-weld heat treatment to achieve a more comprehensive understanding.

In the manufacturing industry, surface roughness is one of the important quality parameters in machining results, especially in the vertical milling process. This study aims to optimize the concentration of soluble oil coolant and feed rate on the surface roughness of ST 37 steel using the Taguchi method. The material used is ST 37 steel with dimensions of 10 mm × 17 mm × 50 mm, processed using a Dixon XZ7550CW vertical milling machine with a 10 mm diameter HSS endmill. Variations in the concentration of Randocut 500 coolant (3%, 5%, 10%) and feed rate (24, 40, 65 mm/min) were tested with fixed parameters such as a depth of cut of 0.5 mm and a spindle speed of 580 rpm. Surface roughness values (Ra) were measured using a surface roughness tester and analyzed using the Taguchi method and ANOVA. The results showed that a coolant concentration of 5% and a feedrate of 24 mm/min produced the lowest surface roughness (2.24 µm) with the highest S/N ratio (-7.01 dB). ANOVA analysis revealed that feed rate had the most dominant influence (62.4%) on surface roughness, followed by coolant concentration (36.8%). The optimal combination to minimize surface roughness is a concentration of 5% and a feed rate of 24 mm/min..  

Sambungan pelat baja merupakan komponen penting dalam sistem struktur bangunan, namun rentan terhadap kerusakan akibat beban berulang yang dapat menyebabkan inisiasi retak di sekitar lubang baut. Teknik cold-expansion bekerja dengan menciptakan tegangan sisa kompresif di sekitar lubang baut melalui deformasi plastis, sehingga mampu menghambat pertumbuhan retak dan meningkatkan kapasitas tarik sambungan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen dengan pengujian tarik statik pada dua kelompok benda uji: tanpa perlakuan dan dengan perlakuan cold-expansion. Variasi yang digunakan meliputi diameter baut 6 mm dan 8 mm pada pelat baja setebal 3 mm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa teknik cold-expansion mampu meningkatkan tegangan maksimum rerata sebesar 11,87% untuk baut 6 mm dan sebesar 6,71% untuk baut 8 mm. Dengan demikian, cold-expansion terbukti efektif sebagai metode perkuatan sambungan baja dalam mendukung konservasi dan pemeliharaan bangunan terhadap beban ekstrem.

Mastery of English as an international language is an international language is an important need in the word of education, including at the elementary school level. However, the monotonous and less varied learning processes often causes low interest and motivation of  students in learning English. This Community Service Activity (PKM) was carried out in class V at SDN Roworeke 2 with 11 students which aims to improve the quality of English learning trough the use of media and fun learning techniques. The methods used included demonstration, question and answer methods as well as the use of activite learning techniques such as educational games and songs. The result of the activity showed an uncrease in student enthusiasm and participation in learning, this activity was also able to increase interest and motivation in learning English.

Mastery of English as an international language is an international language is an important need in the word of education, including at the elementary school level. However, the monotonous and less varied learning processes often causes low interest and motivation of  students in learning English. This Community Service Activity (PKM) was carried out in class V at SDN Roworeke 2 with 11 students which aims to improve the quality of English learning trough the use of media and fun learning techniques. The methods used included demonstration, question and answer methods as well as the use of activite learning techniques such as educational games and songs. The result of the activity showed an uncrease in student enthusiasm and participation in learning, this activity was also able to increase interest and motivation in learning English.

Product quality is affected by the conventional turning process that requires coolant to maintain surface smoothness and reduce tool wear. Vegetable oils such as coconut, corn, and palm oil are environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical coolants (dromus). This study tested the effect of vegetable coolants on the surface of ST 60 steel using an experimental method with variations in a mixture of oil, water, and liquid soap. Turning was carried out at a depth of 0.5 mm, a rotation speed of 1035 rpm, and a cutting speed of 65 mm/min. The results showed that the lowest roughness was in variation 7 (80% corn oil + 10% water + 10% liquid soap) with an initial roughness value of 2.438

Akurasi estimasi biaya diperlukan dengan perencanaan seoptimal mungkin seperti dengan melakukan perbandingan estimasi biaya konstruksi menggunakan metode AHSP dengan perhitungan dari kontraktor. Perbandingan dapat menjadi referensi untuk mengukur akurasi dan efisiensi penerapan metode dengan objek proyek gudang baja. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif untuk memperkirakan rencana anggaran biaya dengan mengacu pada AHSP SE Direktur Jenderal Bina Konstruksi No. 68/SE/Dk/2024 yang selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan hasil perhitungan dari kontraktor. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa estimasi biaya konstruksi dari pihak kontraktor lebih ekonomis dibandingkan dengan hasil AHSP 2024. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa total biaya dari perhitungan AHSP 11,02% lebih tinggi dari estimasi kontraktor. Hal ini disebabkan karena upah tenaga kerja, bahan dan peralatan yang lebih tinggi pada AHSP dibandingkan dengan estimasi dari kontraktor. Saran penelitian selanjutnya untuk melakukan perhitungan pada pekerjaan lainnya, untuk menunjukkan keseluruhan biaya konstruksi.

Traditional arts are an important part of cultural heritage that must be preserved. One of the unique and distinctive art forms from Batu Bajanjang, Lembang Jaya District, in Solok Regency, West Sumatra, is the Plate Dance in Ateh Talua. This dance has deep philosophical values and requires extraordinary skills from the dancers. However, modernization and the decreasing interest of the younger generation are major challenges in preserving this dance. This article discusses the History of Plate Dance Art, Plate Dance Art in Diateh Talua, and efforts that can be made to Preserve Plate Dance in Ateh Talua so that it remains part of the cultural identity of the Batu Bajanjang community. Through education, cultural festivals, and government and community support, this art can continue to develop and be passed on to future generations.

The purpose of this study is to describe and compare the literary structures of Sindhunata's novel Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin and S. Sularso's Ramayana using an objective-structural approach. The study's focus is on intrinsic factors, specifically themes and penokohan, as well as reflections of the social values of Jawa culture that are present in both karyas. This study uses a kualitatif deskriptif method with the content analysis technique applied to two novel texts as the primary data. The study's findings indicate that both karyas have a common interest in discussing traditional topics such as the relationship between kebaikan and kejahatan, cinta sejati, pengorbanan, and nilai kepemimpinan. However, there are differences in alur kelengkapan, narasi kedalaman, and tokoh penggambaran. Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin presents the Ramayana in a more precise and symbolic manner, while Sularso's version of the story emphasizes the traditional forms of ungkapan and Jawa symbols. The results of this study are presented in a clear and concise manner by comparing two contemporary adaptations of the classic Ramayana story with objective-structural analysis that has not yet been widely discussed. This study aims to shed light on how modern sastra might serve as a local reflection of culture through traditional epik.

The rapid advancement of technology today encourages every human being in matters related to the field of industrial or machinery needs, which has a function as a power transfer from the driving force (diesel engine or electric motor dynamo) to the engine to be driven, Gearbox is a component of a machineconsisting of a house for gears, In one of the uses of machine construction and in some components often involves professional welding techniques, one of which is welding using electric arc / Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), the selection of appropriate welding current parameters affects the strength and changes in the mechanical properties of a metal. The current used is too low will cause the difficulty of igniting the electric arc, and the electric arc that occurs is unstable, this test wants to examine using high carbon steel, namely JIS S45C STEEL (ASTM 1045) in the application for gears on the Gearbox through SMAW weldingusing electrodes (E11018-G) Ø3.2 mm with current variations of 90 A, 100 A and 110 A, and see its mechanical properties of NDT testing, tensile testing, and impact testing (charpy). The NDT test results obtained no indication of cracks in the variations of 90, A, 100 A and 110 A and the porosity indication only occurredin the variation of 100 A, in the Tensile test test obtained good results in the current variation of 90 A and the less good occurred in the variation of 100 A. In the Im test test, the results of the NDT test were obtained.

Spring steel is one type of material that is widely used in various engineering applications, such as vehicle suspension systems and equipment that require resistance to dynamic loads. Spring steel possesses various mechanical characteristics that are strongly influenced by the microstructure of the material. These characteristics remain consistently affected throughout the entire material. Heating that occurs due to exposure to flame can alter certain microstructural properties of spring steel and affect its performance. In this study, an analysis was carried out on all changes in the microstructure of spring steel caused by flame heating, as well as its effect on the hardness of the material. The results of the study showed that heating can indeed cause changes in the microstructural phase and a decrease in fatigue resistance of the spring steel.

This study highlights Bajawa Coffee Shop in Bekasi as the main subject in examining the factors that influence customer loyalty. This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality and price perception on customer loyalty, with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable. Service quality refers to the extent to which the service provided is able to meet customer expectations, while price perception is the customer's assessment of the economic value of the product or service received, which is influenced by costs, market demand, and business strategy. Customer satisfaction is a subjective evaluation of the experience of using a service, which reflects how well customer expectations are met by actual performance. This satisfaction plays an important role in building long-term relationships between customers and companies, and has a major impact on loyalty, brand reputation, and business sustainability. Customer loyalty itself is defined as a commitment to continue choosing and recommending a particular product or service, despite offers from competitors. In the context of increasingly tight competition in the cafe industry and the increasing trend of coffee consumption, understanding the factors that shape loyalty is very important. This study uses service quality and price perception as independent variables, customer satisfaction as a mediating variable, and customer loyalty as a dependent variable. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more effective business strategies in retaining customers at the Bajawa Bekasi Coffee Shop.

Grade A steel plates are commonly used in marine and offshore structures due to their high corrosion resistance. This study investigates the effect of bevel angle variations (30°, 40°, and 50°) and the use of ceramic backing on the mechanical properties and welding defects of Grade A steel using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method. Welding was conducted with four-pass multipass welding. An experimental approach was employed, including macro visual inspection, dye penetrant, tensile, and impact testing. Results showed that specimens without ceramic backing (P1) had more defects such as incomplete penetration and spatter compared to those with backing (P2). All specimens met ASTM E23 impact standards (average 23.9–24.1 J/mm²). Tensile tests revealed that ceramic backing improved strength, with the highest UTS (576.1 MPa) and elongation (25%) found.

There are several developments in the practice of pawn gates, on the condition that pawn gates can also be done for the educational needs of nephews or business capital. Developments in the use of transaction tools can now use money. Pagang gadai is known to have no redemption period, and the Wali Nagari Parik Panjang does not want to sign the pawn letter because it is against positive law in Indonesia. There is no legal protection for the implementation of the practice of pawning in the Minangkabau customary law community. This is because land pawning is carried out without registration. The settlement of the problem of pawn disputes in Nagari Parik Panjang, Matur District, Agam Regency using the principle of bajanjang naiak, batanggo turun means that it is resolved from the lowest level, namely deliberation and consensus, then the Nagari Customary Density, to the highest level, namely the court level.

This study aims to describe the marketing strategy applied by Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur'an Darul Ulum Khulafaur Rosyidin in improving the image of the institution and attracting public interest in pesantren education. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out descriptively qualitative, with data validity testing through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability tests. The results showed that the marketing strategy is carried out through determining the target market tailored to the needs of the community, determining the competitive position with other institutions, as well as the marketing mix through social media promotions, brochures, superior religious activities, and active involvement of all school components including alumni. The implementation of this marketing strategy has proven effective in increasing the number of new students and forming a positive image of the institution. Excellent programs such as Tahfizhul Qur'an become the main attraction of the pesantren. Thus, a planned marketing strategy that involves all elements of the school is very important in increasing public trust in pesantren educational institutions.

This research aims to address the challenges in sales data management and limited market reach faced by the Inegena Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes) in North Bajawa District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The BUMDes produces and sells candlenut oil, a superior local product, but currently uses a manual sales and recording system (B2B and B2C), which leads to fluctuating demand, difficulties in sales data analysis, and decision-making that lacks valid data. To address these issues, a web-based e-commerce system was implemented. This system was designed using Agile methods, involving planning, implementation, software testing (black box testing), documentation, deployment, and maintenance. Furthermore, the Naïve Bayes algorithm was applied to visualize sales data and support better decision-making by classifying best-selling products, popular payment methods, and sales levels. The results of this research are expected to assist Inegena BUMDes in improving sales efficiency, expanding the market reach of candlenut oil products nationally. This system uses supporting software such as Xampp, PHP, and MySQL.