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This study aims to analyze how group dance activities can contribute to the social development of early childhood. Social development in childhood is very important because it is the basis for children's ability to interact, cooperate, and build relationships with their surroundings. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with observation, interview, and documentation techniques for children involved in group dance activities at one of the PAUD institutions. The results of the study showed that through group dance activities, children showed improvements in terms of cooperation, communication, empathy, and the ability to follow rules and take turns. These activities also facilitate children in recognizing social roles and building self-confidence. Thus, group dance activities can be used as an effective strategy in supporting the social development of early childhood.

This research aims to identify the role of home and preschool environments on the socioemotional development of early childhood. Through an observation and assessment approach using validated instruments, this study found that the social environment, both at home and at school, has a significant influence on the development of children's ability to recognize, express, and manage emotions, as well as build healthy social relationships. The results show that children who receive positive support from their environment tend to have better socioemotional development, characterized by the ability to recognize emotional expressions, apply politeness values, and show good moral behavior. This research emphasizes the importance of the role of family and school in shaping children's character and emotional intelligence from an early age

This study examines efforts to improve fourth-grade students' disciplinary character through the implementation of principal's democratic leadership style and teacher personality competence at SDK Riangwulu, East Flores. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research was conducted over two weeks involving the principal, fourth-grade homeroom teacher, and fourth-grade students as research subjects. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies, then analyzed using an interactive analysis model. The results show that students' disciplinary character is in a good category across four indicators: compliance with school rules, compliance with learning activities, compliance in completing assignments, and neatness in wearing uniforms. The principal's democratic leadership style is implemented through consensus-based policies, high tolerance, creating a family atmosphere, and good communication. Teacher personality competence is reflected in the ability to be a role model, build positive relationships with students, and create authority through personality consistency. The main finding shows a positive synergy between the principal's democratic leadership and teacher personality competence that creates a conducive environment for forming students' disciplinary character. This research contributes theoretically to understanding systemic approaches in character education and provides practical implications for developing character formation strategies at the elementary education level.

In today's digital era, social media has become one of the most effective marketing tools, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to examine the role of social media in MSME product marketing strategies and its impact on increasing visibility and sales. Social media such as Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok provide an affordable and easily accessible platform for MSMEs to build brands, interact directly with consumers, and promote products creatively. This study uses a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with MSMEs and social media content analysis. The results of the study show that the strategic use of social media can increase the competitiveness of MSMEs, expand market reach, and build stronger relationships with consumers. However, the effectiveness of this strategy is also greatly influenced by consistency, understanding of the target market, and the ability to manage content professionally. Thus, social media has a vital role in supporting the growth and sustainability of MSMEs amidst increasingly competitive market competition.

The characteristics and character of an entrepreneur play a significant role in the success of the business being run. Entrepreneurs often have traits such as courage, creativity, and intensity that allow them to experience various challenges in the business world. Not only that, the ability to take calculated risks and adapt to market changes is also a key aspect in their expedition as entrepreneurs. This trait not only influences business decisions but also contributes to their individual and professional growth. Entrepreneurial character is often indicated by an orientation towards achievement and great internal motivation. They tend to have a clear vision and are able to formulate long-term goals for their business. Not only that, the ability to build networks and establish good relationships with various parties, such as customers, partners, and employees, is also an important aspect of an entrepreneur's character. This helps them in generating new opportunities and maintaining business continuity. In the context of economic growth, a description of the characteristics and character of entrepreneurs is very important for encouraging innovation and business development. By identifying these traits, aspiring entrepreneurs can improve themselves and better prepare themselves to face the challenges that exist. In addition, support from areas such as learning and training can also help hone the personality and character needed to succeed in the world of entrepreneurship.

In an era of increasingly intense business competition, the ability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to maintain and expand their market presence has become crucial. One of the key factors in ensuring business sustainability is the application of business ethics. Business ethics play a significant role in shaping a company's reputation and long-term success. However, ethical challenges in conducting business through social media remain an issue, such as the mismatch between the promoted product and the actual product. This study highlights the importance of applying ethical business principles, such as honesty and transparency, in MSME promotional activities on Facebook to foster consumer trust and ensure business continuity. The research was conducted on two MSMEs in Maumere Hanara Shop and Cicy Lyudia Rahmatun Shop which utilize Facebook as a platform for communication and marketing. The findings reveal that the ethical use of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) technology can serve as an effective strategy for strengthening business relationships and building a positive brand image in the eyes of consumers.

This study aims to examine the implementation of social competence of teachers in three secondary schools with different characteristics, namely SMAN 1 Tambang, Al-Ihsan Boarding School and SMAN 12 Pekanbaru. Social competence does not only include the ability to communicate, but also interact and build positive relationships with students, fellow teachers, parents, and the surrounding community, which are very important in planning and implementing effective and enjoyable classroom learning. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and direct observations to explore the experiences of teachers, principals, and students in the daily learning process. The results of the study showed variations in the application of social competence which were influenced by social environmental factors, facilities, and teacher readiness in responding to changes in education policy. Despite facing challenges such as limited facilities and administrative burdens, some teachers were able to demonstrate high dedication and innovation in learning. This study provides a comprehensive picture of social practices in the field and is expected to be an input in formulating policies to improve teacher quality contextually and sustainably.

This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to examine how the optimization of marketing skills contributes to enhancing customer loyalty in Islamic banking. Based on a review of various national journals and theoretical references, it was found that personal selling skills, interpersonal communication, understanding of sharia-compliant products, and the ability to build long-term relationships with customers play a significant role in maintaining loyalty. Amidst the competition between digital and conventional banking, Islamic banks are required to prioritize service values aligned with sharia principles and optimize human resource capabilities in delivering educational, solution-oriented, and consistent approaches. Effective marketing skills not only create a positive customer experience but also enhance trust in Islamic financial institutions.

Competence means the ability needed to do or carry out work based on knowledge, skills and attitudes. Social competence is one of the five competencies that must be possessed by a Christian Religious Education Teacher. A teacher's social competence is seen from his ability to communicate and interact with students, fellow educators, parents and the community. The importance of social competence for a professional Christian Religious Education Teacher is to build positive relationships with students, create collaboration with fellow educators, build communication with parents as well as with the surrounding community and the whole form of the relationship is as an effort from an educator in understanding others.  Creating and maintaining good social relationships means that it contains care and empathy as taught by Jesus as Great Master so that everyone not only pays attention to their own interests but also the interests of others including the interests of students.

Background: As you get older, health problems increase, one of which is stress. Stress is very important because stress will have an impact on the quality of life and psychological well-being of the elderly. Psychological well-being in the elderly is the elderly's ability to accept themselves as they are, be able to build positive relationships with other people, be able to independently face social pressure, master the environment, have a purpose in life, and be able to realize one's potential in a sustainable manner. Stress in the elderly can describe that a person experiences a decrease in psychological well-being in the elderly which can be said to be low. Objective: This research is to analyze the relationship between stress levels and psychological well-being in elderly people at the Pucang Gading Semarang and Wening Wardoyo Ungaran Elderly Social Service Homes. Method: This research is a type of correlational quantitative research using the cross-section method. The sample taken in this study was 105 elderly people who were in the Pucang Gading Semarang and Wening Wardoyo Ungaran elderly service homes. The instrument for measuring stress levels and psychological wellbeing in the elderly uses a questionnaire. The test used in this research is the Gamma test. Conclusion: There is a relationship between stress levels and psychological wellbeing in the elderly at the Pucang Gading Semarang and Wening Wardhoyo Ungaran Social Service Homes for the Elderly.

This study examines the role of Sirah Nabawiyah learning in shaping students' religious character. Religious character is a fundamental aspect of Islamic teachings that reflects a person's closeness to Allah through attitudes, speech, and daily actions. Sirah Nabawiyah learning not only provides historical insights into the life of Prophet Muhammad but also serves as a holistic character education tool, encompassing relationships with Allah and with fellow human beings. This study employs a qualitative approach using literature study techniques. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using source triangulation techniques to ensure validity. The results indicate that values such as monotheism (tauhid), honesty, patience, compassion, and obedience to Allah can be instilled through a deep understanding of the life journey of Prophet Muhammad. Additionally, Sirah Nabawiyah learning helps strengthen students' Islamic identity, enabling them to practice Islamic teachings with confidence amid globalization. Thus, Sirah Nabawiyah learning significantly contributes to shaping a generation with noble character, high morality, and the ability to practice Islamic teachings with full awareness and responsibility. Therefore, integrating Sirah Nabawiyah into the Islamic education system is a strategic step in building a strong religious character in students.

One of the main components that forms the religious character of Muslims is reading the Qur’an. However, there are still problems in Karangtejo Village in increasing understanding and love of the Al-Qur’an(hubbul Qur’an), especially among teenagers. This research aims to analyze the role of Muqoddaman activities in increasing Qur’an literacy and building love for the Qur’an in the Karangtejo Village community. This research, which took place in Karangtejo Village, was carried out using a qualitative approach using observation, interviews and documentation. Research shows that carrying out muqoddaman activities improves the ability to read the Qur’an properly and correctly as well as understanding what is in it, and can also build habits in implementing Islamic teachings in everyday life. Apart from that, muqoddaman activities can improve relationships between people and raise awareness of the importance of the Al-Qur’anas a guide to life. The benefit of this research is that it provides insight into the effectiveness of muqoddaman as a method of increasing Qur’an and hubbul Qur’an literacy. Thus, it is hoped that this research can become a reference for the government, educational institutions and society in developing strategies to increase Qur’an literacy in order to form a generation of Muslims who are religious, have noble character and adhere firmly to Islamic teachings.

In health care, the interaction between nurses and patients is essential to build good relationships, increase trust, and meet patient needs and expectations. The success of nursing services depends on the ability of nurses to communicate effectively. One of the causes of unexpected events (KTD) is due to communication errors both verbally and in writing between multidisciplinary and between shifts. Bedside handover can reduce patient safety incidents caused by miscommunication and strengthen employment relations between nurses, thus creating a more collaborative work environment. The purpose of this community service activity in this study is to improve the interaction of nurses when handover to the management of patient-centered care. Data collection techniques are carried out using questionnaires, interviews and direct observations in the treatment room of Karunia Kasih Hospital. In analysing the problems of the data obtained in this study, researchers used Fishbone Analysis which outlined existing problems and analysed using the method of USG (urgency, seriousness, growth) to determine the priority of the problem. The implementation carried out was changing the traditional handover method to bedside handover with the SBAR technique, revising the SOP, conducting socialisation about bedside handover conducting supervision and auditing the implementation of bedside handover. From the data analysis on observations, it can be concluded that bedside handover is an effective strategy to improve interaction between nurses and patients. The results of the analysis of the observation data can conclude that bedside handover is an effective strategy to improve the interaction between nurses and patients in patient-centred care. 

Postural balance is a crucial aspect of daily life that enables individuals to move with stability and safety. Children with Down Syndrome (DS) often experience balance disorders due to cognitive function limitations that affect their motor abilities. This study aims to explore the relationship between cognitive function and balance in children with DS. Cognitive impairments, including memory deficits, attention difficulties, and executive function challenges, can impact a child's ability to control posture and perform motor activities effectively. Additionally, difficulties in movement coordination and sensorimotor responses contribute to poor balance abilities. Understanding the connection between cognitive function and balance can facilitate the implementation of appropriate interventions, such as physical therapy and cognitive stimulation, to improve the quality of life of children with DS. A holistic approach is essential in supporting the development of children with DS to help them achieve greater independence. Parents and families play a vital role in actively participating in the growth and development of children with DS, ensuring that their cognitive function and balance are maintained and enhanced. Consequently, children with DS can become more independent and socially engaged, enabling them to interact with others and build healthy social relationships. Keywords: Down Syndrome, cognitive function, postural balance, parents, family

This qualitative literature review examines the role of Christian education in building spiritual resilience among adolescents amid peer influence. Spiritual resilience is defined as the ability to maintain one's faith and moral values in the face of external influences during adolescence, particularly peer pressure. Through an analysis of existing studies, the review explores how Christian education helps adolescents develop a strong spiritual foundation, providing them with tools to resist negative peer influences and make ethical decisions. The study highlights key factors such as the role of faith-based communities, family involvement, and consistent spiritual guidance in nurturing resilience. The review also emphasizes the importance of creating supportive environments within Christian educational settings, where adolescents can reflect on their beliefs, engage in positive peer relationships, and grow in their faith. It identifies both supporting and hindering factors that influence spiritual resilience, suggesting that effective Christian education programs can foster healthy moral and emotional strength..

The formation of a strong identity is a complex process involving the harmonisation of cognitive, affective and conative aspects within the individual. This research aims to examine how the concept of ‘cipta, rasa, karsa, and self-control’ in Javanese philosophy can be a relevant framework in building a strong identity in the modern era. Through literature study and qualitative analysis, this research reveals that ‘cipta’ refers to the ability to think critically and creatively, ‘rasa’ is related to emotional intelligence and empathy, ‘karsa’ refers to the will and goal-oriented actions, and ‘self-control’ relates to the ability to regulate emotions, thoughts, and behaviour. These four aspects are interrelated and mutually reinforcing in forming the foundation of a strong identity. The results of the study show that the integration of creation, rasa, karsa, and self-control can equip individuals with high adaptability, strong resilience, and solid moral values. Individuals with a strong identity tend to have clear life goals, are able to make wise decisions, and are able to establish positive social relationships. This research also highlights the importance of cultural context in the formation of identity. The concept of ‘cipta, rasa, karsa, and self-control’ derived from Javanese philosophy can provide a unique and relevant perspective for Indonesian society. However, further adaptation and development is needed so that this concept can be effectively implemented in the context of modern life.

The workshop "To Be A Powerful Public Speaker" is designed to improve the public speaking skills of SMA Negeri 14 Samarinda students, especially new members of the Student Council. This activity aims to increase confidence, mastery of communication techniques, and interaction with the audience. The training method includes theory, practice, and evaluation, involving speakers with various topics, such as the basics of public speaking, speaking techniques in broadcasting, and tips for becoming a professional MC. The training results showed that 85% of participants felt more confident in public speaking, increased mastery of intonation and gestures, and the ability to build better relationships with the audience. The hands-on and practical approach to this training ensures that participants understand the theory and can apply it in real life, particularly in their leadership roles. These workshops positively impact students' communication skills, supporting their personal and professional development.

The ability to speak up front is often a problem in building relationships or socializing between people. Low public speaking skills in students will have a big impact on information seeking activities both sources and content of information. So that the accuracy and quality of information becomes less besides that it also has something to do with student confidence. pengabdi sees that there is a need for training activities which will certainly help students in improving their public speaking skills. However, pengabdi also saw other problems that existed. So that the pengabdi chose to use the storytelling technique in providing services to students of SMP Negeri 4 Pasir Putih. The purpose of this service activity is to provide training on how to conduct public speaking activities by utilizing storytelling media. The location of the service is SMPN 4 Pasir Putih, Nagawutung District, Lembata Regency, East Nusa Tenggara on July 27, 2024. the author concludes that public speaking activities are basic abilities that must be possessed by every human being. However, to be able to convey information well, one's public speaking skills must be formed since education.

This research aims to analyze the role of communication media in the extension process in Aekraja Village. Communication media, especially interpersonal communication, is considered to have a significant influence in conveying information and building relationships between extension workers and the Aekraja village community. This research uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and observation methods. The results of the research show that interpersonal communication, such as face-to-face dialogue and group discussions, is the main effective medium in the counseling process in Aekraja Village. This is due to its ability to convey messages directly, provide feedback opportunities, and create trust between extension agents and the community. However, this research also found several challenges, such as low levels of media literacy and differences in understanding between individuals, which affect the success of extension. T

The phenomenon f fatherly parenting plays a vital role in shaping the emotional and social experiences of daughters, particularly in forming romantic relationships. The role of fathers is often overlooked in parenting, even though it significantly influences the development of a daughter's personality and interpersonal relationships. Fathers who are emotionally involved can provide a sense of security, confidence, and an understanding of love. This study aims to describe the experiences of young adult women regarding their fathers' parenting roles and their impact on romantic relationships. This study adopts a phenomenological approach using purposive sampling techniques. The research was conducted over four months, and data were collected through interviews and observations. Five participants aged 18 to 25 years, with experiences of both positive and negative fatherly parenting and a history of romantic relationships, were involved in this study. The results show that positive fatherly parenting fosters positive romantic relationship experiences, such as the ability to build trust and intimacy. Conversely, hostile fatherly parenting leads to negative relationship patterns, such as distrust or a need for emotional validation. The lack of fatherly parenting also drives women to seek a father figure in others and to feel less trustful toward their partners. These findings demonstrate that the father's role in parenting has a significant impact on young adult women's romantic relationships.