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This study aims to determine the effect of career planning on students' job readiness, using a case study of university students in Medan City. The background of this research is based on the low job readiness among students, often caused by the lack of structured career planning. This research employs a descriptive quantitative method with a sample of 35 respondents. Data analysis techniques include validity and reliability tests, normality test, heteroscedasticity test, simple linear regression, t-test, and determination test. The normality test results show that the data are normally distributed (sig. = 0.769 > 0.05). The heteroscedasticity test indicates no heteroscedasticity problem. Regression analysis results show that career planning has a significant effect on job readiness, with a significance value of 0.002 (< 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.250, indicating that 25% of job readiness is explained by career planning. It can be concluded that the better the career planning possessed by students, the higher their readiness to enter the job market. This study supports the importance of early career development for students.  

This study explores how social identity is constructed and represented in the promotion of traditional tuak drinking culture through the social media content of Atlas Medan, a modern lapo tuak café. Utilizing Social Identity Theory, this research investigates how cultural symbols and regional slang—particularly from Batak and Medan cultures—are employed to reinforce a local identity while appealing to a young demographic (ages 20–40). Using semiotic analysis on 50 selected Instagram posts, this study decodes how Atlas Medan merges traditional and modern elements to craft a compelling digital presence. The findings indicate that the strategic use of Batak songs, Medan slang, and community-oriented visuals fosters a sense of belonging among viewers, effectively branding the café as a hub of local cultural pride. This research contributes to a broader understanding of local identity-based branding and the role of digital media in preserving yet reinterpreting traditional cultural elements in urban settings.

Marelan is one of the 21 districts in the city of Medan. It is widely recognized as a highly visited area and is also the second most densely populated district in the city. Due to the high level of activity and population density, there is a need to enhance the visual identity of Medan Marelan District through the design of a logo. In the logo design process, the author employs both primary and secondary research methods, with a particular emphasis on the 5W+1H and SWOT analysis techniques to generate creative ideas for the logo. Given the numerous potentials that Marelan possesses, the logo is expected to reflect the unique characteristics of the district. With the new logo, it is hoped that Medan Marelan District will have a strong and recognizable visual identity for both residents and visitors, and will continue to support the economic growth of the local government and surrounding communities.

This study aims to examine the potential and challenges of utilizing Solar Power Plants (PLTS) in Medan City, which is geographically located near the equator and receives high exposure to sunlight throughout the year. The method used is a literature review with a narrative review approach that analyzes secondary data from various journals and relevant scientific articles. The results of the study show that Medan City has an average annual horizontal global solar radiation intensity of 463.61 W/m², with the potential for electrical power that can be generated from rooftop solar panels reaching 748.57 MW (monocrystalline), 598.85 MW (polycrystalline), and 299.43 MW (thin film). This potential is comparable to the capacity of large-scale power plants. The use of PLTS contributes to reducing carbon emissions, increasing energy security, creating jobs, and developing the local economy. However, challenges such as high installation costs, limited suitability of roof structures, and low public awareness are still major obstacles in the implementation of this technology. Therefore, synergy is needed between government policies, public education, and technological innovation to optimize the use of solar energy in urban areas such as Medan.

This study aims to develop an instructional medium in the form of a Webtoon-based digital comic entitled “Was machst du?”, adapted from the Netzwerk neu A2 textbook, to enhance German reading comprehension at the A2 level. The development model used is ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Validation was conducted by two experts one in content and one in media with validation scores of 91% and 92%, respectively, indicating that the comic is highly suitable for instructional use. A limited trial was carried out among students of the German Language Education Program at Universitas Negeri Medan. The results showed that the comic supported students’ reading comprehension, increased motivation, and reduced reliance on online translators. This study concludes that integrating official textbook content into digital comic formats published through popular platforms such as Webtoon represents an effective and relevant innovation for digital-native learners.

This study aims to analyze the determination of selling prices and enthusiasts by traders and their relationship with demand fluctuations in the traditional market of MMTC Medan. The method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis method with a survey approach, involving three traders, namely rice, onion, and cabbage traders, data collected through direct interviews. The results of the study show that the setting of selling prices by traders has an effect on market enthusiasts as well as fluctuations in demand. Merchants set prices based on a combination of cost of goods sold, competitor prices, and estimated consumer purchasing power. Significant price fluctuations tend to lower the volume of demand, especially in non-primary products, and also poor quality of goods. Thus, this study concludes that understanding demand patterns and price adaptability are the main key factors in maintaining the business continuity of traders in the traditional market of MMTC Medan.

Climate change has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including air temperature in urban areas such as Medan City. This study aims to analyze changes in air temperature in Medan City during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, especially related to social restriction policies such as PPKM. Temperature data was obtained from UPT BMKG Medan for the period 2020 to 2025 and analyzed using I-MR (Individual-Moving Range), Cusum, and EWMA (Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) methods. The results of the analysis are expected to be able to show significant temperature differences as a result of the decline in human activities during the pandemic as well as the trend of post-pandemic temperature changes. This study is important as a basis for future environmental planning and climate change mitigation policies.

This photographic work showcases the everyday expriences of the punk youth community in Glugur Dara I Subdistrict, East Medan District, by employing a human interest documentation approach. The photography’s subject and main focus was the punk community, drawn from the author’s daily life in Medan City, where street musicians frequently perform at traffic intersections. The writer became interested in a set of entertainers whose looks and traits were remarkably unique—they belong to the Glugur punk community. These punk youths generally work as street performers and showcase their preferred lifestyle through punk clothing and adornments. The goal of this work is to artistically depict the symbols, attire, and identity of the punk community from a humanistic visual angle. The creative process consists of three main stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. The outcome of this project is a series of twelve photographic pieces under various titles, each capturing the punk community’s everyday life filled with freedom of expression, solidarity, and creative endeavors—highlighting their subcultural identity within an urban context.

Social Workers are a profession that has special skills in helping individuals, families, and communities to carry out their social functions optimally. One form of intervention carried out is through childcare, especially for children who are in a threatened condition or have lost care from the nuclear family. SOS Children's Village Medan implements a family-based care system that aims to create a safe, loving environment that supports children's holistic development. This study aims to determine the form of care carried out by social workers at SOS Children's Village Medan. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that social workers play an important role in designing, supervising, and evaluating care patterns and accompanying children in meeting physical, emotional, social, and educational needs. The family approach has been proven to be able to build emotional bonds and improve the quality of life of the children being assisted.

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the tendency of children with intellectual disabilities to develop expressive communication skills. Expressive communication skills, which include speaking and verbally expressing needs, are an important aspect of development for children with intellectual disabilities to adapt in social environments. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study technique on a student with mild intellectual disability named Azka Ari Pratama (10 years old) at SLB Al Azhar Medan. Data collection was carried out through participant observation, semi-structured interviews with teachers, and direct observation. The results of the research indicate that expressive communication skills are influenced by individual factors (intellectual limitations and emotional regulation), physiological factors, environmental factors, and motivational factors. The research concludes that a holistic and individualized approach is needed in the development of expressive communication of children with intellectual disabilities, considering all identified factors.

This study aims to examine the ethical and moral considerations of judges in imposing verdicts against perpetrators of the crime of child intercourse, as reflected in Decision Number 147/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Kpg. This case is complex because the perpetrator and the victim are both still classified as minors and sexual relations occurred on the basis of consensual, but are still qualified as criminal acts based on positive Indonesian law. The main focus of this study is how judges balance protection for victims with justice for perpetrators who are also still in their childhood, as well as the extent to which the principle of restorative justice is applied in the verdict. This study uses an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach, which relies on document studies, interviews, and analysis of court decisions. The theories used in the analysis are the theories of restorative justice, substantive justice, and child protection in the criminal justice system. The results of the study showed that the judge imposed criminal punishment on the perpetrator even though there were elements of agreement and the status of the perpetrator who was still a child. The judge's main consideration is the legal protection of children as absolute victims. However, judges do not optimally consider the approach to coaching and restorative justice as regulated in the juvenile justice system. The victim's family's refusal to mediate was also a factor that strengthened the criminal verdict. On the other hand, there is an inequality in the application of the principle of fairness, because the perpetrator is not fully positioned as a child who also needs protection and coaching.

The purpose of this study is to find out about someone who has a mental disorder periodically committing an unlawful act, can be given legal responsibility for his actions, and the basis for the judge's considerations in sentencing the perpetrator of the crime of murder who has a mental disorder periodically. The type of research is normative legal research. The research data collection technique uses literature studies. The data will then be analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that based on the theory of criminal responsibility, a person with a mental disorder cannot be punished because he is considered not to have the awareness and ability to be responsible or his actions, but there is a submission in the case of periodic mental disorders experienced by the defendant in the sentence, the legal status of the perpetrator does not immediately get a full element of forgiveness, in the audit the judge considered it worthy of being held criminally responsible because his actions had fulfilled the elements of criminal responsibility. The judge's decision ignored the conditions of the conversation with a history of periodic mental disorders showing weaknesses in aspects, legal certainty, benefits and protection of human rights, in contrast to the principles of legalization and violation of national law and imprisoning people who have a history or even are mentally ill does not provide benefits to the person himself.

Drug abuse is a social problem that has a wide impact on the psychosocial conditions of individuals and society. One of the efforts to overcome it is through rehabilitation, where social workers have an important role in assisting the recovery process of drug users. This study aims to describe the role of social workers in assisting clients in rehabilitation centers. The study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews and direct observation of assistance activities at the Medan Plus Drug Rehabilitation Foundation. The results of the study showed that social workers play a role in conducting assessments, designing intervention plans, providing individual and group counseling, and assisting the client's social reintegration process. The presence of social workers has been proven to be able to support client recovery in a sustainable manner, both in terms of emotional, social, and preparation for returning to society. This finding emphasizes the importance of optimizing the role of social workers in organizing rehabilitation services so that the client's recovery process becomes more effective and sustainable.

Adjustment is the ability of an individual to meet personal needs while responding to demands from the environment around them, so that a balance is achieved between the two. This allows individuals to create harmony with the existing reality. In SMA Muhammadiyah 01 Medan, it was found that there were students in class X who showed a low level of adjustment. This study applied the Quasi Experiment method with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design design. The sample involved in this study consisted of 10 students who were divided into two groups, namely 5 students in the experimental group and 5 students in the control group. Based on the results of the statistical test calculations, the t_count value was obtained as much as 7.270, and compared with the t_table at a significance level of 0.05 of 1.812. Since t_count ≥ t_table (7.270 ≥ 1.812) and the significance value (2-tailed) is less than 0.005 (0.000 ≤ 0.005), Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. In addition, the average of the experimental group (95.20) is higher than the control group (82.40). This indicates a greater increase in the influence of counseling services in the experimental group compared to the control group. In other words, after students receive individual counseling with the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy approach, there is a significant change in their ability to adjust. Based on these results, it is recommended that guidance and counseling teachers can implement this approach in counseling services to help students improve their ability to adjust.

Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Taman Pendidikan Islam Medan shows that learning Akidah Akhlak in class XI is still textual and has not encouraged active student participation. Teachers use more thematic books as the main source of learning without linking them to contextual phenomena that are close to students' lives. As a result, students have difficulty understanding the material, such as the topic of funeral prayers. This can be seen from the students' daily test scores which only reach an average of 45, far below the Minimum Completion Criteria set by the school, which is 75. The research method is quantitative, this method can be interpreted as a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, used to research certain populations or samples, sampling techniques are generally carried out randomly. The conclusion of this study shows the average posttest score of students who are given learning using the problem based learning method (experimental class). This shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes in the subject of Akidah Akhlak in the experimental class when compared to the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education in the control class. Thus, the use of problem based learning methods in learning akidah akhlak is more effective than learning using conventional approaches in an effort to improve the learning outcomes of class XI students at Taman Pendidikan Islam Private Islamic Senior High School. So it can be concluded that there is an Influence of the Use of Problem Based Learning Methods on Improving Literacy Skills in the Subject of Akidah Akhlak in the Experimental Class with the Control Class at Taman Pendidikan Islam Private Islamic Senior High School.

This study aims to examine and compare the expenditure and income patterns between traditional market traders in Sukaramai Market and MMTC with street vendors operating around the State University of Medan (UNIMED). This study is based on the main differences between the two groups, especially related to business legality, sales location, and operational costs, which have the potential to affect business effectiveness and the economic welfare of the actors. The comparative quantitative method was used to collect data through questionnaires and Simple Random Sampling sampling techniques on 45 respondents, consisting of 30 market traders and 15 street vendors. The collected data were then analyzed using statistical inference techniques to obtain accurate and reliable parameter estimates. The results of the study show that market traders have an average income of IDR 9.37 million with expenses of IDR 6.7 million per month, so that the net profit obtained reaches IDR 2.67 million. Meanwhile, street vendors have an average income of IDR 7.2 million and expenses of IDR 5.53 million, so that their net profit is around IDR 1.67 million. Although market traders' expenses are higher, they still get a greater net profit. This study confirms that business location, legality, and management system factors significantly affect the efficiency and economic success of traders. This finding is very relevant as a basis for formulating fair and sustainable policies for empowering the informal sector, especially for small and micro traders in urban areas, in order to optimally improve their economic welfare.

 The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) "Central Jamur Tiram" (Central Oyster Mushroom) in Medan, located at Jln. Mandala By Pass. Gg Orba No 31 Medan (Jln. Mandala By Pass. Gg Orba No 31 Medan), managed by Mr. Faisal, serves as a case study of successful business development in oyster mushroom cultivation. This research aims to explore Mr. Faisal's entrepreneurial journey, from business initiation and the innovation of processed oyster mushroom products to marketing strategies through online and offline platforms that led to success. The research method employed is qualitative with a case study approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with Mr. Faisal and direct observation of the business operations. The research findings indicate that perseverance, product innovation (such as mushroom chips and shredded mushroom), the utilization of spent mushroom substrate (baglog), and the ability to build a partnership network (partner farmers, souvenir shops, suppliers) are key success factors for "Central Jamur Tiram." Furthermore, the adaptation to online platforms for marketing significantly expanded the market reach. This study provides insights into the potential of oyster mushroom cultivation as a sustainable business opportunity and its economic contribution to the local community. The implications of this research can serve as inspiration and guidance for prospective entrepreneurs in the MSME sector, particularly in developing oyster mushroom cultivation businesses.

This study aims to analyze in depth the motivation for establishing and challenges in developing a micro culinary business Pempek Budi 24 Ilir in Medan. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with business owners. The results of the study revealed that intrinsic motivation to introduce Palembang culinary specialties in their hometown and the desire to expand their business in Medan were the main drivers. Marketing strategies through social media proved effective, but the lack of product innovation and limited social support at the beginning of the establishment were identified as significant challenges affecting business development. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of micro entrepreneurship in the culinary context and highlights the importance of innovation and social support for business sustainability.

This study aims to describe the problems faced by teachers in the polite character habituation program at State Elementary School 5 Medan City. The method used is qualitative, with data collection through direct observation, interviews, and documentation. This research was conducted at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Kota Medan, with the research subjects consisting of teachers and students. The results showed that Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Kota Medan has several problems faced by teachers in this program, which can be classified into three categories: (1) students' behavior that is not polite to elders, (2) student delinquency that disrupts the learning process, and (3) teacher impatience in dealing with difficult student behavior.

The sign system in public spaces functions as a visual communication tool and shapes people's experiences and perceptions. The objectives of this study are; 1) to identify the types of signs found in shopping centers; 2) to analyze the function and role of these signs in supporting activities and social interactions in shopping centers; and 3) to explain how these signs influence visitors' perceptions and experiences. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with research stages including literature study, determining the location of the study, data collection, data analysis using Peirce's semiotic theory, data validity testing, and drawing conclusions. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation and documentation stages. The results of this study found that the visual sign system in the Ramayana Teladan Medan shopping center is classified into several categories of signs according to Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory, such as Rhematic Indexical Legisign, Dicent Sinsign, Qualisign, and Iconic Legisign. Visualization of signs—whether through images, colors, or text—can influence visitors' understanding and behavior, for example by increasing alertness, compliance with rules, or perceptions of safety and comfort.