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A parenting seminar on maternal and child mental health organized by KPM UI Bunga Bangsa Cirebon students in Pegagan Village is a form of community service aimed at raising awareness and understanding of the importance of mental health in parenting. The limited knowledge of mental health issues in rural communities, coupled with high levels of stress experienced by parents, often negatively impacts parenting practices. This has the potential to hinder optimal child development, both physically, psychologically, and socially. Therefore, this activity was designed with a participatory approach, where the community is not merely an object but is also involved from the beginning of the planning process. This process includes coordination with village officials, seminars, and monitoring and evaluation stages, so that the community feels ownership and plays an active role in the program. The seminar featured speakers from psychology and legal academics who explained the relationship between parental mental health and fulfilling legal obligations to protect children's rights. The material presented emphasized how parental stress and emotions can affect child development, as well as the importance of parents' ability to manage the pressures of everyday life. Participants gained an understanding of strategies for maintaining mental health, including good time management, building open communication within the family environment, and strengthening social support as an emotional support system. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' awareness of the importance of mental health not only as an individual need, but also as a moral, social, and legal responsibility in creating a healthy, safe, and resilient family environment. Therefore, this parenting seminar can be seen as an effective educational strategy, not only strengthening parents' capacity to raise children but also building sustainable local support networks for the well-being of families and communities.

Stunting remains a significant health problem in rural areas, particularly due to the lack of father involvement in child care. The “Bapakku Hebat” program initiated by the Omben Health Center emerged as a breakthrough to strengthen the role of fathers in stunting prevention efforts through family health posts. This study adopted a qualitative descriptive approach to investigate the implementation, effects, and barriers of the program. The research findings indicated an increase in father involvement in health post activities, nutrition counseling, and child health monitoring. The program successfully reduced the prevalence of stunting risk by 10% in a year by increasing health post coverage and changing family behavior in providing nutrition. Key driving factors included inter-sectoral collaboration with village governments, health cadres, and farming communities that strengthened social networks and local resources. However, challenges remain, such as budget constraints, a lack of male cadres, and the influence of cultural norms that consider childcare as a woman’s responsibility. The “Bapakku Hebat” program shows that active father involvement can increase family awareness of the importance of fulfilling children’s nutrition. These findings emphasize the importance of gender-sensitive family health policies and cross-sectoral support to ensure the sustainability of the program. This research is expected to be a reference for other regions in implementing similar innovations to reduce the prevalence of stunting and improve the quality of child care. Furthermore, the success of the "My Great Father" program also demonstrates the importance of a community-based approach in public health interventions. The direct involvement of community leaders, religious leaders, and farmer groups in the program's outreach and implementation has proven effective in building a sense of ownership and increasing active community participation, particularly among fathers.

Badung Market, as one of the largest traditional markets in Denpasar City, serves as a central hub of economic activity and sustains the livelihood of a substantial number of women traders. The presence of women in this sector is not only a reflection of their economic role but also of their contribution to household welfare and community development. This study aims to analyze the influence of education, income, dependents, and age on women’s decisions to work as traders in Pasar Badung. Employing a quantitative approach with an associative design, the research involved 88 respondents selected through purposive sampling from a total population of 768 female traders. Data collection methods included questionnaires, direct observation, and interviews, while data analysis utilized multiple linear regression preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests to ensure robustness. The results indicate that, simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affect women’s decision to engage in trading activities. Partially, education, dependents, and age show a significant positive effect, suggesting that higher educational attainment, greater family responsibilities, and maturity increase women’s participation in trading. In contrast, husband’s income exerts a significant negative effect, implying that higher spousal earnings reduce the economic pressure for women to seek income through market trading. These findings highlight that economic necessity, household responsibilities, and social roles remain the primary motivators for women’s active involvement in traditional market activities. The implications of this study are relevant for policymakers and local governments, particularly in designing targeted empowerment programs, skills training, and economic support mechanisms to enhance women’s entrepreneurial capacity in traditional markets. Strengthening women’s roles in this sector is crucial not only for family welfare but also for broader community resilience and local economic growth.

The " Toddler Family Class " program provided an opportunity for parents to actively engage in learning about the importance of appropriate parenting for toddlers. Recognizing the critical window of early childhood, the program focused on equipping parents with the knowledge and tools to promote their children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development. Parenting practices in early childhood significantly influence a child’s future academic success, emotional well-being, and ability to form healthy relationships. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that parents are well-informed about the best approaches to child-rearing during these formative years. The interactive discussions offered parents a platform to share their personal experiences, concerns, and challenges regarding parenting. Case studies presented real-life scenarios that allowed participants to apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations. This approach facilitated a deeper understanding of the various parenting styles, including authoritarian, permissive, and democratic parenting, and their respective effects on child behavior and development. Furthermore, the program emphasized the importance of nurturing a secure attachment between parents and toddlers. Participants were introduced to strategies that encourage positive reinforcement, empathy, and effective communication with their children. These strategies are key to fostering a supportive and loving environment in which children can thrive emotionally and socially. The collaborative nature of the program also helped to build a supportive network among parents. They were encouraged to form lasting relationships that could provide ongoing mutual support in their parenting journey. This communal learning environment reinforced the importance of family-centered child development practices, ensuring that parents felt empowered to make informed decisions that would benefit their children’s long-term growth and well-being.

Shrub vegetation is an important component in the structure of vegetation communities that have a significant ecological role, especially in maintaining soil stability and supporting biodiversity. One area that has the potential for shrub vegetation diversity but has not been scientifically documented is the Jaboi hot spring area, Weh Island, Sukajaya District, Sabang City. The purpose of this study was to investigate various types of shrub vegetation found in the study area and to calculate the diversity index. Data collection was carried out using a one-hundred-meter line transect method divided into four paths, with one pair of transects directed towards residential areas and plantation areas, while the remaining two transects were directed towards areas that were still forested. At each transect there were six observation points with a distance between points of 20 meters, each point consisting of three quadrat plots measuring 2 × 2 meters. Analysis of the diversity index used the Shannon-Wiener formula (H’). The results showed that there were 9 shrub species from 7 families with a total of 169 individuals from four observation stations. The Melastomataceae family dominates the shrub community with two main species, Melastoma malabathricum and Memecylon caeruleum. The diversity index value is 2.17, which is included in the moderate category (H = 2–3). This diversity is influenced by the physical-chemical conditions of the environment, such as acidic soil pH (4.4–5.5) and relatively stable temperatures, although temperatures exceeding the optimum limit were found in some locations. This study provides initial data on the potential of shrub vegetation as a basis for ecosystem management and conservation in the area.

Drug abuse among adolescents is a serious problem that requires comprehensive and sustainable prevention efforts. Adolescence is a developmental phase characterized by the search for identity, emotional instability, and high levels of influence from the social environment, including peers. In this context, family education plays a central role as the first line of defense in protecting adolescents from the negative influence of drugs. Through open communication, wise supervision, and consistent love and emotional support, parents can create a safe and supportive environment for their children's mental development. Effective family education includes strengthening moral, religious, and social values, aiming to shape adolescents' character and resilience to environmental pressures. In certain situations, family education also needs to be supported by a scientific approach, one of which is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT is a psychological approach that focuses on improving negative thought patterns and behaviors. In the context of discussing drugs, CBT can help adolescents identify the emotional and social triggers that lead them to try illicit substances and equip them with strategies to cope healthily. The integration of family education and CBT therapy creates a comprehensive approach—from the home to professional support—to strengthen adolescents' mental resilience. This collaboration not only reduces the risk of addiction but also encourages adolescents to become more self-aware, emotionally healthy, and productive individuals. Therefore, synergy between families, schools, and mental health professionals is crucial in creating a drug-free generation of young people ready to face the challenges of modern life. Therefore, the active involvement of all parties, including educational institutions and the community, is essential to creating an environment that supports early drug prevention.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence students' learning motivation in the Lathe Engineering subject in class XI of the Department of Machining Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Padang. Several variables studied include learning interest, ideals, friendship environment, and family environment, each of which acts as an independent variable, while learning motivation functions as a dependent variable. The method used in this study is quantitative with a correlational approach, where the research sample consisted of 51 students selected using a saturated sampling technique, namely sampling that covers the entire population in the class. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire with a Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability to ensure that the measuring instrument used is able to extract accurate and consistent data. The data obtained were then analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques with the help of SPSS version 26 to determine the effect of each variable on student learning motivation. The results of the study indicate that partially, learning interest and friendship environment have a significant influence on student learning motivation. Students who have a high interest in the Lathe Engineering subject tend to have better learning motivation, and positive relationships with their friends also increase their enthusiasm for learning. In contrast, the variables of ideals and family environment did not show a significant influence on students' learning motivation in the context of this study. Although ideals and family support are often considered important factors in education, the results of this study indicate that external factors such as friendships are more dominant in influencing students' learning motivation. Simultaneously, all four variables significantly influenced students' learning motivation, with the friendship environment being the most dominant factor.

This study aims to determine the effect of paternal attachment on emotional regulation in late adolescents in Padang City. Paternal attachment is seen as a crucial factor in developing children's emotional regulation skills, particularly during late adolescence, which is the transitional phase toward adulthood. Late adolescence is a crucial period in an individual's psychological development, where the ability to manage and express emotions appropriately determines their mental and social well-being. A strong emotional attachment to a father is believed to provide a foundation of emotional security that helps adolescents regulate their emotional responses to various life pressures and challenges. This study used a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique and involved 272 late adolescent respondents in Padang City as a sample. Data were collected through a questionnaire designed to measure the level of paternal attachment and adolescents' emotional regulation skills. Data collection was carried out with attention to the validity and reliability of the instrument so that the research results can be scientifically accounted for. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics to identify the relationship and influence between paternal attachment variables and emotional regulation. The results showed that the level of father attachment in late adolescents was in the moderate category at 53.3%, while their level of emotional regulation was in the high category at 42.3%. These findings indicate that although father attachment did not reach the high category for most, adolescents' emotional regulation abilities were relatively good. Further statistical analysis revealed that there was an influence of father attachment on emotional regulation in late adolescents, but this influence was very weak. This indicates that although father attachment contributes, there are many other factors that play a role in shaping adolescents' emotional regulation abilities, such as attachment to the mother, peer support, education, and individual experiences.

Drug abuse among adolescents is a serious problem that requires a comprehensive prevention strategy. One key element in this effort is family education, which plays a frontline role in protecting adolescents from the negative influence of drugs. Through consistent education, supervision, and emotional support, families can build a foundation for positive behavior and mental resilience in adolescents. Effective family education includes open communication between parents and children, teaching moral and religious values, and creating a safe, harmonious, and warm home environment. Healthy communication allows adolescents to feel comfortable discussing problems or pressures they face, thereby minimizing the risk of falling into drug abuse. In addition to the role of the family, psychological approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have proven effective in strengthening adolescents' resilience to social pressures and the temptation of drugs. CBT focuses on helping individuals recognize and change negative thought patterns and risky behaviors that trigger abuse. With CBT techniques, adolescents can learn stress management skills, improve decision-making skills, and develop healthier, adaptive behaviors. The integration of family education and CBT therapy results in a more holistic prevention approach. Families provide a foundation of morals, values, and emotional support, while CBT strengthens adolescents' psychological abilities to face life's challenges. This synergy can increase resilience, reduce vulnerability to negative influences, and equip adolescents with effective strategies for resisting drugs. By optimizing the role of the family and combining it with psychological interventions, it is hoped that a healthy, productive young generation will emerge, free from the threat of drugs, enabling them to contribute positively to society and the future of the nation.

Type II diabetes mellitus (Type II DM) is a chronic disease that requires long-term self-care skills to prevent serious complications. However, many patients have difficulty managing blood sugar levels independently due to a lack of structured and ongoing education. The Student Creativity Program (PKM) aims to improve the self-care skills of Type II DM patients through an educational approach based on the Self-Care Deficit theory from Dorothea Orem. The activity was carried out in Bonto Ramba, the working area of the Tamalanrea Makassar Health Center, involving 35 participants (33 women and 2 men). Interventions were carried out through interactive counseling, demonstrations of diabetic foot wound care, practice simulations, and the distribution of easy-to-understand educational media. Evaluation was carried out using a pre-post test to measure knowledge improvement and an observation sheet to assess the ability of self-care practice. Results showed a significant improvement in participants' self-care knowledge and skills after the intervention. In addition, family involvement in assisting patients has also increased, strengthening the sustainability of self-care behavior. Participants gave positive feedback on the method of delivering material that was contextual and relevant to daily life. The supportive-educational approach used has been proven effective in empowering patients and building awareness of the importance of self-control of health conditions. This program not only contributes to improving the quality of life of Type II DM patients, but also strengthens the role of the family as the main support in the treatment process. In conclusion, structured education based on Orem theory can be used as an intervention model that can be replicated in other areas with high prevalence of DM, as a promotive and preventive strategy in community-based management of chronic diseases.

Moral education is the main pillar in shaping the character of children who have integrity, empathy, and have high moral awareness, especially in terms of filial devotion to parents. In the midst of the advancement of the times and the rapid development of technology, children face great challenges in maintaining noble moral values. The unstoppable flow of digital information often presents content that is contrary to family and religious values. Therefore, moral education is present as a systematic effort to instill good values in a sustainable and contextual manner with the development of the times. This study uses a library research approach to explore the role of moral education in shaping the character of children who are devoted to their parents. Data sources are collected from scientific journals, textbooks, and current academic articles relevant to the theme. The results of the study show that the formation of filial character is greatly influenced by the example of parents and teachers, habituation of positive behaviors such as good manners, worship together, and affectionate communication. In addition, the integration of moral values in the school environment, explicit curriculum policy support for character education, and the wise use of digital media are important factors in supporting the success of moral education. Furthermore, strengthening the school culture and the active involvement of the community in internalizing moral values also strengthen the moral education process. This study concludes that moral education cannot run in isolation, but must be the result of synergy between family, school, and community. Thus, children not only grow up as intellectually intelligent individuals, but also have emotional and spiritual intelligence that reflects an attitude of respect and love for parents. Strong moral education from an early age is a long-term investment for the formation of a generation with noble character.

The family is an essential social unit that contributes significantly to the protection of children's rights and welfare. In the context of Indonesian law, the legal status of children born out of wedlock was severely limited before the Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010. This study aims to examine changes in the legal status of out-of-wedlock children and their implications for custody after the decision. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature research approach, through the analysis of primary and secondary legal materials, such as Constitutional Court decisions, scientific literature, legal journals, and relevant laws and regulations. Prior to the Constitutional Court's ruling, children born out of wedlock were only recognized as having a civil relationship with their mother and mother's family, which had an impact on limited children's access to legal identity, custody, and inheritance. However, the Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 opens up the opportunity to recognize the legal relationship between an out-of-wedlock child and his biological father, as long as it can be scientifically proven (through DNA tests) and legally. This change strengthens the position of children in obtaining custody (alimentasi), including the right to maintenance, protection, education, and financial support from the biological father. This ruling reflects significant progress in the protection of children's rights and the application of the principle of non-discrimination in Indonesian family law. Nevertheless, implementation in the field still faces challenges, both administratively, such as the convoluted recognition process, and socially, especially the stigma against children out of wedlock. Other challenges include low public legal literacy, limited access to scientific proof institutions, and the non-optimal role of the state in guaranteeing the rights of children born out of wedlock.

Basically, In order to have a lasting, contented, and successful family, a man and a woman must physically and spiritually join via marriage. This marriage contract gives both parties the right to enjoy a relationship in accordance with the Shari'a. This study aims to reveal and compare the views of scholars from various schools of thought (Hanafiyah, Malikiah, Syafi ivah, and Hanabilah) regarding temporary marriage, namely “Nikah Mutah,” which is viewed from the legal arguments of each scholar. The descriptive technique was used in this study. which describes the thoughts of previous scholars regarding mut'ah marriage and the legal basis they used. The study's findings indicate that the ulama agree to prohibit mutah marriages absolutely, based on several propositions and the Qur'an, such as surah An-Nisa (4) 24. Al-Mu'minun (23): 5-7, and At- Thalaq (65) 1, as well as various hadiths. The consensus of scholars also supports the prohibition of mut'ah marriage. On the other hand, the Svi'ah view regarding mut'ah marriage is that this marriage is permitted, referring to QS An-Nisa (4): 24, which is considered to be related to temporary marriage. This mut'ah marriage allowed during the period the beginning of Islamic history, and some narrations from Shiite sources indicate that the law on mut'ah marriage was never canceled by the Koran or the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to Shiite scholars, the prohibition on mut'ah marriage occurred during the time of Caliph Umar bin Khattab, which they consider as an ijtihad.

Adolescent reproductive health is a crucial aspect in creating a physically, mentally, and socially healthy generation. Adolescence is a critical phase in individual development marked by biological, psychological, and social changes, requiring special attention, particularly regarding understanding reproductive health. Unfortunately, many adolescents still have limited knowledge in this area, which can increase the risk of risky behavior, unwanted pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections. In this context, families play a crucial role as the primary source of education, supervision, and emotional and moral support. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of adolescent reproductive health among families in Uma Sima Village, Sumbawa District. The methods used included interactive counseling, group discussions, and the distribution of educational media in the form of leaflets to families with adolescent children. The activity was conducted over two days and was attended by 30 families. To measure the effectiveness of the activity, pre- and post-tests were conducted to assess the increase in participants' knowledge before and after the activity. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in families' understanding of adolescent reproductive health issues. This was evident in the increase in the average post-test score compared to the pre-test. Furthermore, participants demonstrated high enthusiasm in participating in the activities, actively participating in discussions, and expressing their readiness to provide education to their children at home. In conclusion, this activity was effective in increasing family knowledge and demonstrating the importance of the family's role in preventing adolescent reproductive health issues. It is hoped that similar activities can be conducted on an ongoing basis to create a supportive, open, and communicative family environment that supports adolescent growth and development.

Adolescence is often regarded as a vulnerable and critical period, marked by the transition from childhood to adulthood. In today’s context, this phase is frequently described as a time of crisis due to the lack of proper guidance during personality formation. Teenagers require support and direction, particularly from their parents, to help navigate this stage. The family plays a crucial role in shaping behavior and is considered the primary institution responsible for preventing and addressing juvenile delinquency. A harmonious family life often reflects in the child’s behavior and interaction with the environment. When parents are actively involved in guiding and mentoring their children, adolescents are more likely to become positive role models. Deviant behavior among teenagers has become a pressing issue, especially considering that the youth are regarded as future assets for the nation, state, and religion. This study aims to: (1) Identify the factors that cause deviant behavior among teenagers in Kendayakan Village, Serang District; and (2) Explore the efforts made by parents to address such behavior. A qualitative research method with a case study approach was employed. Data were collected using three techniques: observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods. The findings reveal that deviant behavior among teenagers in Kendayakan Village is influenced by two main factors: (a) environmental factors, such as peer influence and lack of positive role models, and (b) individual factors, including emotional instability and lack of self-control. Meanwhile, the efforts made by parents include providing supervision, instilling discipline, offering advice and religious education, and collaborating with schools and community leaders. These efforts highlight the critical role of parental intervention in preventing and addressing adolescent deviance.

This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of homesickness, or homesickness, particularly experienced by first-year college students. The transition from home life to a new campus environment often causes psychological stress, especially for those living away from family for the first time. One form of this stress is homesickness, which can impact students' mental, social, and academic well-being. This study used a literature review method, a data collection and analysis technique that involves identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing the results of previous research. In this study, the authors reviewed 15 scientific articles that directly discussed homesickness, as well as one additional article that discussed the literature review method. The results indicate that homesickness is a complex emotional condition, characterized by feelings of sadness, loneliness, and impaired concentration that arise due to separation from a familiar home environment. Factors contributing to homesickness include a lack of social support, strong emotional attachment to family, and an inability to adapt to a new environment. The forms of homesickness can vary, from mild to disruptive to daily functioning. Symptoms can include physical complaints, sleep problems, and decreased motivation. Several prevention and management strategies that can be implemented include strengthening social support, developing coping skills, and campus-based psychological interventions. By understanding the characteristics of homesickness, it is hoped that campuses and students can take proactive steps to address it.

The high unemployment rate and low entrepreneurial interest among graduates of the educational program at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Unesa, is a concerning issue. According to the Tracer Study data from the educational program, only a small percentage of graduates choose entrepreneurship. The statistics show that 15% of business education graduates, 23% of office administration education graduates, and only 3% of economics education graduates choose to become entrepreneurs. This indicates a lack of interest in entrepreneurship among educational program students. This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurship practice courses, risk perception, and family environment on entrepreneurial interest among students of the educational program at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Unesa. The study employs a quantitative approach with data analysis techniques using SPSS version 25. The sample consists of 148 undergraduate students from the 2021 cohort of the educational program who have taken the entrepreneurship practice course. The findings indicate that the entrepreneurship practice course, risk perception, and family environment have a significant partial influence on entrepreneurial interest. Simultaneously, these three independent variables significantly contribute to entrepreneurial interest among students, accounting for 85.6%, while the remaining 14.4% is influenced by other factors not covered in this study. This research provides important insights into how academic factors, risk perception, and support from the family environment can affect students' entrepreneurial interest. It is expected that the findings can contribute to enhancing students' understanding and skills in entrepreneurship, making them more prepared to enter the entrepreneurial world after graduation. Ultimately, the results of this study can help increase the number of entrepreneurs in Indonesia, which will help reduce unemployment rates and strengthen the economy.

This study aims to find out the role of the El-Diina Sukabumi Play Group (KB) in improving the quality of early childhood education. The background of this research is based on the importance of early childhood education institutions as the main foundation in shaping children's character and basic abilities, especially in the midst of increasing demands on the quality of national education. Quality early childhood education is one of the important factors in supporting children's optimal growth and development from an early age, both from cognitive and emotional aspects. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation as the main methods in data collection. The research subjects included school principals, teachers, and parents of students at KB El-Diina Sukabumi who were selected purposively in accordance with the research objectives. The results of the study show that KB El-Diina has implemented various strategies in improving the quality of educational services, including the implementation of a character-based curriculum, regular teacher training, active involvement of parents in the learning process, and the creation of a safe, comfortable, and fun learning environment for children. In addition, the use of learning methods that are in accordance with the child's developmental stage is also one of the success factors of the institution in improving the quality of education. The findings show that these efforts have a positive impact on children's cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. Children look more confident, independent, and active in daily learning activities in the classroom and outdoors. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of professional, sustainable, and adaptive management of family planning institutions to the needs of children's development. This is the foundation for creating quality, relevant, and holistic child development early childhood education services.

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage remains a challenge in several areas, including Bojongkerta Village, within the Cipaku Community Health Center (Puskesmas) jurisdiction, South Bogor District, Bogor City. Lack of knowledge, high levels of stress during breastfeeding, and minimal family support are often major obstacles to successful exclusive breastfeeding. One approach that can be applied to address these issues is hypnobreastfeeding, a relaxation technique combined with positive affirmations to support mothers' readiness to breastfeed. The objective of this activity is to increase the capacity of breastfeeding mothers in exclusive breastfeeding through community-based hypnobreastfeeding training, which also involves Posyandu RW 1 cadres as the main supporting partners of the activity. The method used in this activity involves three stages: first, education and training in hypnobreastfeeding techniques for breastfeeding mothers; second, practical mentoring by lecturers involving students from the Midwifery Diploma Three Program at Ummi University Bogor; and third, evaluation of results through knowledge measurement and observation of breastfeeding practices. A total of 10 breastfeeding mothers and 4 Posyandu cadres participated in this activity. The evaluation results showed an increase in understanding of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and a positive change in attitudes towards breastfeeding practices. Furthermore, the active involvement of Posyandu cadres is expected to strengthen ongoing support at the community level. In conclusion, the hypnobreastfeeding training had a positive impact on empowering breastfeeding mothers and strengthening the role of Posyandu cadres as supporters of the exclusive breastfeeding program at the community level. This program also has the potential to expand the reach of education about exclusive breastfeeding and increase the success of sustainable exclusive breastfeeding in the community.

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life is an important strategy to support optimal growth and development. Breast milk has many benefits for babies, such as strengthening the immune system and supporting brain development. However, various obstacles such as emotional stress, lack of self-confidence, and minimal support from family and the community remain significant barriers to successful breastfeeding. These issues often lead to failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding in accordance with health recommendations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnobreastfeeding training in improving breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices among mothers with infants aged 0–6 months in the Bojongkerta area of Bogor City. Hypnobreastfeeding is a psychological approach that combines relaxation techniques, positive affirmations, and education about breastfeeding to help mothers feel more confident in the breastfeeding process. This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a pre- and post-test design without a control group. A total of 31 breastfeeding mothers participated in this training, which included education about breastfeeding, positive affirmation techniques, and relaxation exercises. Data analysis results showed a significant increase in mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding after the training intervention. Furthermore, the study also recorded an increase in the success of exclusive breastfeeding during the observation period. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that hypnobreastfeeding is an effective approach to supporting the empowerment of breastfeeding mothers at the community level. This method offers a psychologically based solution to overcome social barriers that affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding.