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This study aims to analyze the role of Human Capital Management in enhancing the operational activities of the MSME Wizzmie in Medan, serving as an example of human resource management practices in small-scale enterprises. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis of HR practices within the MSME. The findings indicate that human resource strategies such as selective recruitment, routine training to improve employee competencies, structured task allocation, and performance-based reward systems significantly enhance employee discipline, skills, and service quality. Improvements in these areas contribute positively to smooth daily operations, customer satisfaction, and sales growth. Despite facing challenges, such as occasional lapses in employee discipline, management implements solutions including coaching programs, direct guidance, and a graduated warning system to address these issues. These results underscore that Human Capital Management is not merely an administrative function but plays a strategic role in fostering work efficiency, customer loyalty, and the sustainability of MSMEs. Consequently, effective human resource management emerges as a crucial factor for the success and competitiveness of small enterprises in a highly competitive business environment. The study highlights the importance of aligning HR practices with strategic business objectives to ensure long-term operational effectiveness and growth.

This study aims to analyze the role of inventory management in improving financial efficiency at CV. Sumber Jaya Putra Perkasa. The main problems faced by the company are manual inventory management, technological limitations, dependence on certain suppliers, and suboptimal demand planning, which affect distribution effectiveness and financial efficiency. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis was conducted on the stock management process, inventory turnover, and its impact on storage costs and operational efficiency. The results show that good inventory management contributes significantly to increased financial efficiency. With proper stock planning, companies can minimize the risk of excess and shortage of goods, reduce storage costs (holding costs), and increase inventory turnover so that working capital can circulate more quickly. However, the inventory management system currently used by CV. Sumber Jaya Putra Perkasa still has limitations, especially in terms of digitization and information integration. This study recommends the implementation of a technology-based inventory management system, a multi-supplier strategy, and the application of demand forecasting methods to improve stock planning accuracy. With this strategy, it is hoped that the company can achieve more optimal financial efficiency and strengthen its competitiveness in the distribution industry.

The use of technology in data management has become the key to improving the efficiency and effectiveness of company performance. PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk has implemented a computerized employee attendance system through the Employee Self Service (ESS) application. However, so far there has been no evaluation regarding the level of user satisfaction with the application. This study aims to measure ESS user satisfaction to provide input in future application development. The method used is End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) which includes five variables: Content, Accuracy, Format, Ease of Use, and Timeliness. Data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS application. The results of the t-test showed that the Format variable had the most significant influence (t = 4.281), while the other variable showed an insignificant influence individually. However, through the F test, an F value was obtained of 3.791 with a significance of 0.003, which shows that simultaneously all EUCS variables have a significant effect on user satisfaction. These results are expected to be the basis for companies to improve the performance of ESS applications and support the overall work efficiency of employees.

Container loading and unloading procedures are a series of essential operational activities carried out to systematically, safely, and efficiently move containers from ships to the stacking yard or vice versa. This study aims to examine these procedures, analyze the effectiveness of their implementation, and identify the obstacles and corrective efforts encountered in the field. The methods used include field observation (field research) and literature review (library research). The results indicate that the procedural stages involve document preparation (Bill of Lading and Manifest), ship berthing, the utilization of various loading and unloading equipment (such as Gantry Crane, RTG, and Headtruck), and container arrangement within the Container Yard (CY). The process involves three main work stages: Stevedoring, Cargodoring, and Receiving/Delivery, which require close coordination among port operators, foremen, and Stevedoring Workers (TKBM). Implementation can be hindered by crane breakdowns, headtruck limitations, traffic congestion, and slow stevedoring performance. Effective solutions suggested include routine equipment maintenance, increasing HT fleet capacity, enhancing human resource competency through training, and coordinating traffic routes with relevant authorities. Optimal procedure execution is crucial for ensuring smooth logistics flow, time efficiency, and occupational safety.

This study investigates the implementation strategy of work discipline as a means to improve the productivity of daily contract employees in the Traffic Division of the Semarang City Transportation Agency. Work discipline is a critical component of human resource management that influences performance effectiveness and organizational efficiency. The research applies a qualitative descriptive approach using interviews, observation, and document analysis to examine discipline practices, attendance data, and managerial supervision. The results show that effective disciplinary implementation—through structured supervision, reward and punishment systems, continuous coaching, and welfare enhancement—significantly improves employee productivity. Leadership quality, motivation, and consistent policy enforcement emerge as primary determinants of disciplined behavior. The study concludes that establishing a fair and transparent disciplinary system can foster accountability, punctuality, and professional service delivery among public employees.

This study aims to analyze investment efficiency in Bandung Regency from 2011 to 2024 and project it for the years 2025 to 2030. Investment efficiency is measured using the Incremental Capital-Output Ratio (ICOR) based on data from Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) and Gross Fixed Capital Formation (PMTB) at constant 2010 prices. Forecasting is performed using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The analysis results show fluctuating ICOR values, reflecting annual variations in investment efficiency. Projections for 2025–2030 indicate a potential decline in efficiency, which signals important considerations for regional development planning. The findings highlight the need for the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Office (DPMPTSP) to use ICOR as a key performance indicator when formulating more effective and efficient investment policies to support quality economic growth in Bandung Regency. This study recommends improving future investment policies by utilizing the ICOR indicator to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of regional investments.

This study aims to analyze the contribution, effectiveness and efficiency of the tourism sector to local revenue in Alor Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with time series data for 5 years, namely in the 2018-2022 period. The data used are tourism sector revenue realization data, local revenue realization data, tourism sector revenue target data and tourism sector spending data sourced from the Alor Regency Regional Revenue Agency and the Alor Regency Tourism Office. To calculate the contribution, the level of effectiveness and the level of efficiency of the tourism sector to the local revenue of Alor Regency the analysis technique used is to calculate the Contribution Ratio, Effectiveness Ratio and Efficiency Ratio. The results of this study indicate that the contribution made by the tourism sector to local revenue in Alor Regency for the period 2018-2022 is very less which results in this contribution being ineffective and inefficient.

Disc discs are the main component in a motorcycle braking system that functions to convert kinetic energy into heat energy through friction. The geometric design of the disc, including the diameter and number of holes, affects the effectiveness of braking as well as the heat dissipation ability. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in diameter and number of holes on disc discs on braking distance and disc temperature. The research method used was an experimental method with three variations in disc diameter (190 mm, 220 mm, and 260 mm) and three variations in the number of holes (30, 36, and 42 holes). The test was carried out through a controlled braking procedure at an initial speed of 40 km/h on flat road surfaces with stable weather conditions. Braking distance data is measured using ultrasonic sensors, while disc temperature is recorded with a high-accuracy infrared thermometer. The results showed that the diameter of the disc disc had the most significant influence on the braking distance. The larger the diameter, the greater the braking moment resulting so that the stopping distance becomes shorter. The number of holes in the disc also plays a role in heat dissipation because the holes enlarge the heat dissipation area. However, the increase in the number of holes tends to slightly increase the braking distance due to a reduction in the area of frictional contact field. The most optimal configuration is found on a 260 mm diameter disc with 42 holes, which results in the shortest braking distance of 8.25 meters and the lowest temperature rise of 4.47°C.  Statistical analysis using Two-Way ANOVA confirmed that the diameter and number of holes had a significant effect individually, but there was no significant interaction between the two. These findings confirm that the selection of the right disc dimensions is critical to improving braking performance, thermal efficiency, and rider safety.

The development of information technology has encouraged institutions, including hospitals, to adopt digital systems to improve operational efficiency. One important aspect is the employee attendance system, which previously relied on fingerprints. This method has limitations, such as difficulty detecting when fingers are not in ideal condition and causing queues during peak hours. This research aims to design and implement an Android-based attendance system using the Eigenface facial recognition method as a faster, safer, and more accurate alternative. Eigenface works by extracting facial features using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), thus being able to efficiently recognize individual identities. The system was developed with MySQL database integration and tested on employees of Khalishah General Hospital. The implementation results showed that the system can recognize faces with a good level of accuracy and increase the effectiveness of attendance recording. Furthermore, the use of facial-based attendance can minimize the potential for fraud and increase user comfort because it does not require physical contact. Thus, the Eigenface method has proven feasible to be implemented as a modern attendance solution to support employee attendance management in hospital work environments and other institutions.

Indonesia, a country located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, has a high level of vulnerability to earthquakes. This condition demands an increase in the capacity of civil engineering human resources to design safe and disaster-resistant buildings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of project-based learning training with a focus on the application of SNI 1726:2019, structural modeling using ETABS/RSA, lateral load calculations, and the design of simple earthquake-resistant houses. The research method involved final-year civil engineering students and alumni who participated in a series of trainings, with evaluations through pre-tests, post-tests, and design assessments. The results showed an increase in competency in all aspects, especially the understanding of the SNI 1726:2019 standard and lateral load calculations. In addition, participants were able to produce simple house designs that meet the basic criteria for earthquake resistance, material efficiency, and structural stability. These findings indicate that applied training can bridge the gap between academic theory and practical skills needed in the workplace. This research contributes to strengthening the capacity of civil engineering in supporting resilient infrastructure development and has important implications for the integration of similar training into higher education curricula and community service programs.

This research aims to:1) To understand and analyze development of revenue, hotel tax and restaurant tax in North Tapanuli Utara from 2015-2023. 2) To understand and analyze the effectiveness, hotel tax, restaurant tax effectiveness, hotel tax efficiency, and restaurant tax efficiency in North Tapanuli Regency. This study uses time series data from 2015-2023, wihich is secondary data, to assess the efectiviness of hotel tax and restaurant tax revenue on local revenue (PAD) in North Tapanuli Regency. The data collection method used is library research, which utilizes literature or library materials as the primary data source. Quantitative descriptive analysis methods are used determine the develoment of PAD, tax development, restaurant tax development, hotel tax effectiveness, tax efficiency, and restaurant tax efficiency. The results of this study provide an overview of the development of PAD, development of hotel taxes, the development of restaurant taxes, the effectiveness of hotel tax revenue, restaurant taxes, hotel tax efficiency towards the original regional income (PAD) of North Tapanuli Utara Regency in 2015-2023. The average development of PAD in North Tapanuli regency is 10 percent, the average development of hotel taxes is 4 percent and the average development of restaurant taxes is 19 percent. The average effectiveness is 89 percent, which is classified as quite effective, the effectiveness of restaurant taxes reaches 91 percent which is classified as effective. The efficiency of hotel taxes is 5 percent which is classified as inefficient, while the efficiency of restaurant taxes is 107 percent which is classified as very efficient.

SMA Negeri 1 Maumere as one of the secondary education institutions continues to show development through improving the curriculum, infrastructure, and extracurricular programs. However, the tuition payment system that is still carried out manually poses various challenges in managing school financial administration. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the manual tuition payment system using the SWOT approach to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that affect the process. The results of the analysis show that although manual systems have been in use for a long time and are easy for financial officers to understand, they are still vulnerable to recording errors, process delays, and the risk of inaccurate data accumulation. In addition, the study found that the evaluation of this manual system makes an important contribution to the development of management science, especially in understanding the dynamics of administrative control and decision-making processes. The findings of the study recommend the development of a technology-based tuition payment system, such as online payments or integrated applications, as a solution to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and quality of administrative services at SMA Negeri 1 Maumere..

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a significant contribution to national economic growth and the smooth distribution of goods and services. However, market competition and national economic dynamics pose serious challenges to the sustainability of MSMEs, especially in terms of competitiveness and technological adaptation. The development of digitalization opens up great opportunities for MSMEs to increase production efficiency and expand marketing reach through online sales platforms. Unfortunately, the limited knowledge and skills of MSME actors in managing digital marketing strategies leads to low optimization of this potential. This research aims to examine the needs of MSME assistance in Bangsalsari Village, Jember Regency, in order to increase business capacity and digital marketing effectiveness. The method used is a qualitative approach through field observation and interviews with MSME actors. The results of the study show that structured and sustainable mentoring can increase business actors' understanding of digital strategies, expand market access, and encourage the creation of new jobs. Thus, technology-based assistance programs and local needs are strategic solutions in strengthening the resilience and competitiveness of MSMEs in the midst of national economic challenges.

This study aims to analyze the integration of administration, state property management, human resources, and finance in supporting a facilitative immigration system. These four aspects are essential pillars for maintaining efficiency, effectiveness, and transparency in public service delivery within immigration institutions. However, their implementation often operates separately, causing inefficiency and delays in administrative decision-making. Using a descriptive-analytical approach based on literature review and regulatory analysis, this study finds that structured collaboration among administrative units strengthens internal coordination and improves service quality for the public. Administration functions as the foundation for documentation and record management, state property supports operational infrastructure, human resources drive organizational performance, and finance ensures program continuity and budget accountability. The integration of these components creates a more adaptive, transparent, and accountable work system to face global challenges, especially in the era of digital public services. The study recommends implementing an integrated information system, enhancing personnel competencies, and optimizing budget planning and supervision to achieve professional and competitive immigration governance.

This research aims to analyze the use of the School Activity Plan and Budget Application System (ARKAS) in managing BOS funds at elementary schools in Bekasi Regency. The study employs qualitative methods through interviews and literature reviews from various sources. It was conducted at SDN Babelan Kota 06. The implementation of ARKAS version 4.0 significantly contributes to budget management in Indonesian schools. ARKAS facilitates online budget planning, submission, and tracking, as well as automated reporting and system integration to enhance transparency and accountability. However, ARKAS implementation faces challenges such as lack of understanding and training in schools, technological infrastructure limitations, and frequent policy changes. The study highlights the importance of better socialization and adaptation to regulatory changes to improve the effectiveness of ARKAS in school fund management.

This research highlights the importance of online presence in enhancing customer accessibility for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Facebook and Instagram were chosen as primary platforms due to their extensive and diverse user bases. Through a proper digital promotion approach, MSME practitioners can harness the features and tools provided by both platforms. Effectively targeting audiences, presenting visually appealing content, and actively engaging with customers are integral parts of this digital promotion optimization. Furthermore, the research explores various key metrics that can be used to measure the success of digital campaigns, including engagement rates, reach, and conversions. By understanding the full potential and benefits of digital promotion through Facebook and Instagram, it is hoped that MSMEs can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of their campaigns, achieving greater success in the competitive digital promotion landscape. This research provides practical insights for MSME practitioners seeking to optimize their presence and performance in the realm of digital promotion.

Background: Maritime engineering has traditionally relied on reactive and preventive maintenance strategies, often leading to operational inefficiencies, unplanned downtime, and excessive costs. With the rise of smart ship technologies, predictive maintenance (PdM) has emerged as a data-driven solution, leveraging sensor-based monitoring and real-time diagnostics to optimize ship maintenance. However, its integration into maritime education remains underexplored, particularly in training vessels used for vocational learning. Original Value: This research contributes new insights into the feasibility, effectiveness, and educational relevance of predictive maintenance in maritime vocational training. Unlike previous studies that focus on commercial ship applications, this study examines PdM within the context of training vessels at Poltekpel SULUT, bridging the gap between academic training and industry expectations. Objectives: The study seeks to answer: How does predictive maintenance improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of naval auxiliary systems in training vessels? Methodology: A qualitative approach was employed, integrating sensor-based performance analysis, structured interviews, and questionnaire surveys involving cadets, instructors, and industry professionals. Data were analyzed through thematic categorization, cross-group comparisons, and narrative synthesis. Results: PdM demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing downtime (92/100), optimizing maintenance efficiency (91/100), and aligning with industry practices (89/100). However, challenges in sensor accuracy (85/100) and training integration were identified. Conclusions: The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating predictive maintenance into maritime training curricula to equip future engineers with the skills required for Industry 4.0 maintenance solutions, ensuring better operational efficiency and sustainability in the maritime sector.

Appropriate financial management is key in managing regional finances that are vulnerable to risk. Even though financial risk exists, this does not always indicate a violation. Good financial management in the regions is the key to demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of public funds. This study uses a qualitative approach with primary data sources through interviews and direct observation in the field. The research results show that the South Magelang District OPD has implemented accounting procedures in accordance with regulations, achieving a full level of accountability with optimal transparency in administration and financial accountability. However, continued efforts are needed in financial management, supervision and reporting to maintain public trust and increase the effectiveness of financial management in the future.  

Background: Traditional naval maintenance strategies rely on centralized supply chains and pre-manufactured spare parts, leading to long repair downtimes and logistical inefficiencies, particularly for vessels operating in remote maritime regions. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) offers a disruptive alternative by enabling on-demand production of spare parts, reducing dependence on external suppliers, and enhancing fleet self-sufficiency. However, material durability, operational feasibility, and cost-effectiveness remain underexplored for naval applications. Original Value: This research advances the study of AM in naval engineering, assessing its practical viability beyond theoretical potential. Unlike previous studies focusing on commercial maritime applications, this study evaluates 3D printing’s impact on naval fleet readiness, supply chain resilience, and sustainability. Objectives: The study investigates how 3D printing can optimize naval maintenance efficiency, specifically analyzing its feasibility, material performance, cost implications, and logistical advantages. Methodology: A qualitative-empirical approach was used, combining material performance testing, expert interviews, and operational case studies to evaluate mechanical durability, economic feasibility, and AM integration challenges. Results: Findings indicate that AM reduces repair downtime by 40%, lowers part procurement costs by 30–50%, and enhances supply chain resilience. However, material limitations and infrastructure readiness remain key adoption challenges. Conclusions: Hybrid AM adoption—where 3D printing supplements rather than replaces traditional manufacturing—offers the most practical near-term approach for naval fleets. Strategic investment in material research, onboard AM training, and fabrication infrastructure will enhance fleet efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and future-proof maritime maintenance strategies.

This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of three primary organizational structures—functional, product-based, and geographic—in facilitating global marketing strategies. Employing a qualitative methodology through in-depth case studies of six multinational corporations across the technology, pharmaceutical, and consumer goods sectors, the research highlights the nuanced interplay between organizational design and strategic marketing execution. Findings indicate that no single structure universally outperforms the others; rather, effectiveness is contingent upon specific contextual factors such as product complexity, market diversity, and the degree of global integration versus local responsiveness required. Functional structures tend to support centralized control and efficiency, while product-based structures enhance innovation and brand focus. Geographic structures, on the other hand, offer adaptability to regional market dynamics. The study underscores the importance of strategic alignment between organizational form and marketing objectives, suggesting that hybrid or flexible configurations may offer optimal outcomes in dynamic global environments. These insights provide actionable guidance for decision-makers in selecting or adapting organizational structures to better support international marketing efforts. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how structural choices influence global competitiveness and responsiveness, offering a framework for organizational design that aligns with evolving market demands and strategic priorities.