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Education is important for the lives of people in a country. In order to create an educational system that is organized and has a vision, a policy in the form of a curriculum is needed. In a country that adheres to a democratic system, it is necessary to involve or participate the community in the policy formulation and implementation process. This policy paper investigates the Merdeka Curriculum policy model created and implemented by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Public policy models include top-down, bottom-up and a combination of the two. The research method used in this article is qualitative with data sources obtained from books, scientific articles, and other credible information found on the internet. In the policy formulation process, studies were conducted and the government involved parents. In addition, in the implementation process, the Merdeka Curriculum is carried out in stages with a trial period carried out by several schools called Mover Schools. In addition, the policy also has an evaluation instrument in the form of a Minimum Competency Assessment. Based on the findings related to this policy, it can be concluded that the policy model in the Merdeka Curriculum is bottom-up.  

With this service, students of SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru are educated about anti- corruption literacy. Corruption is an act carried out to gain profit in a bad way, such as bribing, extortion, gratification, and others. The implementation plan is carried out in three stages. In the preparation stage, SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru carries out licensing, coordination, and socialization. The second stage is implementation, which includes socialization and counseling. The third stage is evaluation and preparation of reports. The results of the service show that students of SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Pekanbaru have the ability to avoid corruption after learning about anti-corruption.

The Workshop program for training in making soap from used cooking oil is one of the work programs of the Regular Community Service Program (KKN) 83 UIN Walisongo Semarang Post 16 which was carried out with the mothers of Jawisari Village at the Jawisari Village Hall, Limbangan District, Kendal Regency. This workshop program was motivated by the fact that many people still use used cooking oil repeatedly so that it can endanger their health and there are still those who dispose of used cooking oil carelessly so that it can cause environmental pollution. This work program aims to provide an understanding to the community about the negative impacts of used cooking oil waste on the environment and health, introduce the application of science and technology through training in processing used cooking oil waste, and provide training and assistance to control environmental pollution by providing education and training to local residents on how to process used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. This training workshop activity was carried out in three main stages, namely counseling, practicing making liquid soap, and evaluation. The results of this program show that the training workshop activities were successful and well-run where participants were able to understand the basic techniques of making liquid soap and gain direct experience in practice, the mothers who participated were also very enthusiastic and actively participated and felt happy to be able to learn to change used cooking oil waste into liquid soap products that are useful for everyday life. Making liquid soap from used cooking oil is an innovation that is not only useful for reducing waste oil that pollutes the environment, but also provides economic and social benefits for the community because it can open up business opportunities and support the local economy. Therefore, as a sustainable step, it is necessary to provide education to the community about the importance of recycling used cooking oil and improving technology in the production of liquid soap to be more efficient and environmentally friendly

The Workshop program for training in making soap from used cooking oil is one of the work programs of the Regular Community Service Program (KKN) 83 UIN Walisongo Semarang Post 16 which was carried out with the mothers of Jawisari Village at the Jawisari Village Hall, Limbangan District, Kendal Regency. This workshop program was motivated by the fact that many people still use used cooking oil repeatedly so that it can endanger their health and there are still those who dispose of used cooking oil carelessly so that it can cause environmental pollution. This work program aims to provide an understanding to the community about the negative impacts of used cooking oil waste on the environment and health, introduce the application of science and technology through training in processing used cooking oil waste, and provide training and assistance to control environmental pollution by providing education and training to local residents on how to process used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. This training workshop activity was carried out in three main stages, namely counseling, practicing making liquid soap, and evaluation. The results of this program show that the training workshop activities were successful and well-run where participants were able to understand the basic techniques of making liquid soap and gain direct experience in practice, the mothers who participated were also very enthusiastic and actively participated and felt happy to be able to learn to change used cooking oil waste into liquid soap products that are useful for everyday life. Making liquid soap from used cooking oil is an innovation that is not only useful for reducing waste oil that pollutes the environment, but also provides economic and social benefits for the community because it can open up business opportunities and support the local economy. Therefore, as a sustainable step, it is necessary to provide education to the community about the importance of recycling used cooking oil and improving technology in the production of liquid soap to be more efficient and environmentally friendly

Strengthening literacy for children is very important, literacy is related to mastery of reading and writing. Lack of attention and instilling literacy from an early age causes a region to experience a low literacy level. The aim of this service activity is to increase understanding and literacy knowledge of coastal children, assist and strengthen children's literacy through playing activities, learning to write and read. This activity is carried out in several stages such as the preparation stage, activity stage, and final evaluation stage. This activity was attended by coastal children. The results that occurred at the activity stage were a lack of knowledge and assistance from families, especially parents, towards children about the importance of literacy for the child's future, resulting in a lack of interest in reading in children. This activity can provide benefits to the community, especially the coastal children of Amal Beach Village, East Tarakan, Tarakan.

Legal politics plays a role in determining the direction of legal policy that must be taken by the government to achieve certain goals. Legal politics is a very important component, one of which is the implementation of existing laws in the country and every policy taken by the government reflects existing political dynamics and the interests of certain groups, thereby affecting the integrity and justice of the existing legal system. The purpose of writing this article is to research further on how the duties and objectives of legal politics are applied to the Indonesian legal system and whether the application of the nature of legal politics is appropriate to the Indonesian legal system. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach. Legal politics in Indonesia is normative, dynamic, adaptive, pragmatic, progressive, and functions as a tool of social control. However, implementation is often hampered by political interests and lack of consistent implementation. Therefore, there is a need for regular regulatory evaluation, increased transparency of law enforcement, and public participation to create a more responsive and fair legal system.

Stroke is a blood circulation disorder in the brain or blockage of blood in the brain which causes disruption of the nervous function of the brain and usually occurs suddenly. Nervous system disorders that occur in stroke sufferers can cause specific symptoms, such as: paralysis of the limbs, problems when speaking including slurred speech, imbalance, changes in consciousness, and even vision problems. The aim of this research is how nursing care is provided for ischemic stroke patients at RSI Malahayati Medan. The research method was carried out at RSI Malahayati Medan in April 2024 with a population of 1 person and the sample in this study was 1 person suffering from SNH (Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke). The results of this research are the evaluation and results of implementation of Mr. T who survived 3 days from the first day to the last day, showing significant changes. On the first day, his muscle strength, three prone to movement, 2 physical weakness, worsened, on the second day, muscle strength, 3, prone to movement, 3 weakness. Physically improved, on the third day muscle strength, 5 susceptibility to movement, 5 physical weakness improved. The conclusion of this research is based on the nursing care that was carried out on Mr. T for 3 days, namely 28 April 2024 - 30 April 2024 with a stroke through implementing range of motion ROM to increase muscle strength in stroke patients at the Malahayati Islamic Hospital in Medan.

This research aims to identify and synthesize previous research related to optimizing Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in improving students' critical thinking skills in mathematics learning through a systematic literature review. Data was collected from relevant scientific articles published in the last 10 years using certain keywords through databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The results of the literature review show that the application of PBL consistently plays a role in improving students' critical thinking abilities, especially when supported by strategies such as the use of relevant contextual problems, structured feedback, and directed teacher guidance. These findings confirm the constructivist theory which states that meaningful learning occurs when students are actively involved in authentic problem solving. However, there are variations in results across educational levels and countries, indicating the importance of contextual adaptation in the implementation of PBL. In addition, the lack of comprehensive practical guidance and long-term evaluation instruments is a major obstacle. The conclusions of this research emphasize the need to develop clearer PBL implementation guidelines and more accurate evaluation instruments to measure its impact on students' critical thinking abilities, as well as the potential of PBL in improving the quality of mathematics learning that encourages critical thinking skills as an important competency in 21st century education.

Indonesia is a country with a high level of disaster vulnerability, influenced by tectonic activity and its tropical climate. This study uses the K-Means clustering method to identify and group disaster-prone areas based on the level of vulnerability. The data used included average temperature (Tavg) and rainfall (RR) which were processed using Python. The analysis process includes data collection, pre-processing, determination of key features, and evaluation of clustering quality using the Elbow and Silhouette Score methods. The results of the grouping show two main patterns, namely flood-prone areas and drought-prone areas. These findings are expected to support the government in more effective and data-based disaster mitigation planning.  

The rapid advancement of technology has made artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative chatbots, an integral part of everyday life. These chatbots, powered by Natural Language Processing (NLP) and deep learning technologies, are widely used in various fields such as customer service, education, and entertainment. However, the increasing prevalence of such technologies brings forth important philosophical concerns, particularly in the realm of axiology—the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of values, including the practical and ethical implications of knowledge and technology. This study investigates the practical benefits and ethical responsibilities associated with generative chatbots, using ChatGPT as a case study. The research examines whether ChatGPT adheres to the axiological principles of science, specifically its usefulness in enhancing human life and its ethical responsibilities. Through a qualitative content analysis, this research evaluates the responses of ChatGPT to a series of questions based on the axiological framework outlined by Sumantri. The study focuses on two main aspects of science's axiological evaluation: the practical benefits of science and technology, and the ethical responsibilities tied to their application. The findings indicate that ChatGPT is capable of providing useful insights that contribute to human understanding, improve quality of life, simplify complex tasks, and offer solutions to various problems. However, the ethical considerations of AI technology, such as fairness, transparency, and accountability, remain a crucial area of concern. This research highlights the importance of balancing technological progress with ethical responsibility, emphasizing that AI systems like ChatGPT must be developed and applied in ways that align with human values to ensure their positive impact on society.

This study aims to analyze the comparison between the curriculum of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) and Elementary Schools (SD) in shaping students' religious character. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed to explore in depth the differences and similarities of the two curricula, particularly in the aspects of religious values integrated into the learning process. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and curriculum document analysis from several MIs and SDs in Banjarmasin.The findings reveal that the MI curriculum focuses more on strengthening Islamic education through specialized subjects such as Al-Qur'an, Hadith, Fiqh, and Akhlak, as well as integrating religious values into general subjects. Meanwhile, the SD curriculum positions Islamic education as part of the subject "Religious Education and Character Building," which has a more limited portion compared to MI. However, SD excels in implementing thematic approaches that connect moral values with everyday life contexts.This study concludes that the MI curriculum is more effective in deeply cultivating religious character, while the SD curriculum tends to reinforce moral values within a more universal framework. These findings are expected to serve as an evaluation resource for education policymakers to enhance the integration of religious values holistically in both types of educational institutions.

This research was created to find out how to carry out the process of extending ship safety certificates that have expired and renewing them in order to comply with policies, standards, norms, guidelines, criteria and procedures as well as technical guidance, evaluation and reporting in the field of shipworthiness, measurement. Ships and ship nationality, nautical, technical and ship radio, pollution and ship health management and maritime affairs. In submitting an application, the shipping company must follow the procedures set by the Directorate of Shipping and Maritime Affairs, sub-directorate of ship safety, with the requirement to attach complete documents such as an application letter, ship safety certificate.

MSMEs play an important role in the local and national economy. However, many MSMEs still face challenges in utilizing digital technology to increase sales turnover. This article reports the results of assistance activities for cassava chips MSMEs in Wanajaya Village, Cibitung District, with the aim of helping business actors utilize digital technology to market their products more widely. The methods used are socialization, training and evaluation of the use of digital platforms such as marketplaces, social media and digital marketing techniques. The results show an increase in the knowledge and skills of MSME players in digital marketing which has a direct impact on increasing sales turnover by up to 30% in the three months after the intervention.

This community service activity aims to increase the understanding and ability of business groups in Kassi Village, Rumbia District, Jeneponto Regency in making effective business projections. This program is expected to provide strategic provision for business actors in managing finances, planning business development, and facing market challenges. The technique of implementing this activity includes three stages starting from the preparation stage, the implementation stage and the activity evaluation stage. The results of the training showed that traditional business owners have difficulty in applying business forecasting techniques to their businesses because sales records are sometimes incomplete or non-existent. After conducting the simulation, participants were able to understand the basis of sales forecasting for future sales forecasts. In addition, business owners can know their business forecast with certainty. Knowledge of business forecasting is expected to improve business performance and competitiveness. The limitation of this training is that the implementation method does not use instructional techniques so that knowledge about business forecasting can be implemented in business activities.

Social media has emerged as a transformative platform for youth skill development, particularly in diplomatic literacy. This qualitative study investigates how university students leverage social media to enhance their soft skills, focusing on communication, critical thinking, and cultural sensitivity. Through interviews and focus group discussions with 30 university students, the research explores the mechanisms by which digital platforms facilitate skill development. Findings reveal that social media provides unique opportunities for global interaction, information evaluation, and cross-cultural understanding. Students reported significant improvements in communication skills, critical thinking abilities, and cultural awareness through engaged social media use.

Speaking ability is one of the important skills in education and daily life, but students often face obstacles such as lack of self-confidence and minimal opportunities to practice. This study aims to improve students' speaking ability through debate and discussion-based training. This activity is designed to provide students with direct experience in constructing logical arguments, conveying opinions effectively, and interacting in formal and informal forums. The methods used include theory training, debate simulations, and group discussions with periodic evaluations through observation and questionnaires. The results showed a significant increase in students' speaking ability, especially in terms of clarity of idea delivery, argument structure, and courage to speak in public. In addition, this training also had a positive impact on students' critical thinking skills, ability to work together, and self-confidence.

Accreditation serves as a measurement of the eligibility of educational programs against predetermined criteria. This study analyzes the effectiveness of accreditation assessment instruments in enhancing school performance. Based on National Education Standards, the accreditation instrument functions as an evaluation tool to assess the quality and eligibility of educational institutions. Utilizing a qualitative approach through literature review, the findings indicate that the accreditation instrument effectively provides a comprehensive overview of school performance, encompassing aspects of learning, management, and facilities. This tool aids in identifying strengths and weaknesses, guiding the development of sustainable improvement strategies. The study concludes that the accreditation assessment instrument is not merely an evaluative tool but also a catalyst for the overall enhancement of school performance.

This research aims to explore the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in an effort to improve the learning outcomes of class X IPS E students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan, especially in geographic research material. The background to this research is revealed by the low learning achievement of students, where only 40% of them achieved the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). PBL was chosen as an approach because this method can encourage students to actively participate in the learning process through solving real problems, which is expected to improve their critical thinking skills and conceptual understanding. This research methodology involves systematic planning, data collection through observations and tests, and comprehensive data analysis. The research results show that the implementation of PBL significantly improves student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, there was an increase in understanding of concepts and evaluation values, which further developed in the second cycle with better results. This research concludes that PBL is effective in improving student learning outcomes in geography material and recommends teachers to apply innovative learning methods in the teaching and learning process.  

The use of technology in economic transactions is increasing, one of which is the digital payment system known as the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS). MSME players are not affected by the development of the QRIS digital payment system. However, currently not all MSMEs, especially micro businesses, have knowledge about this. Considering this phenomenon, this service activity was carried out with the aim of providing knowledge about the benefits and working procedures of QRIS in encouraging the efficiency of payment transactions. One of the micro businesses in Ambon city that has not yet used QRIS is Es Kelapa NTB. This business has quite a lot of loyal consumers but has not utilized QRIS technology, which causes a lack of knowledge about QRIS. The method of this activity begins with target identification, socialization about QRIS and monitoring and evaluation. Activities were carried out smoothly, every question about QRIS was answered in detail so as to provide knowledge and understanding of the digital payment system. It is hoped that this activity can make business actors have confidence in the security and convenience that can be provided by the QRIS digital payment system.

The implementation of electronic medical records at Hidayah Boyolali Hospital from January 2023 until now is not free from risks. The risks that generally occur are incomplete filling out of electronic medical records due to doctors' indiscipline in filling out patient treatment histories, inappropriate access to medical record information due to errors in patient identification, and errors in coding patient diagnoses which cause difficulties in claims and inappropriate service financing. The aim of PkM is to increase the knowledge and skills of medical record officers regarding hybrid medical record risk management. The PkM stages are: (1) preparation and licensing, (2) presentation of material and case studies, and (3) evaluation. The results of PkM are increased knowledge and ability to identify risks, assess risks, and treat risks in hybrid medical records. Implementation of risk management is carried out in the patient registration unit, patient data processing unit, patient data storage unit, and medical information release unit.