Publication Search

The global demand for energy, particularly fuel oil, continues to increase along with the growth in the number of vehicles and industrial activity. However, limited fossil fuel reserves and the environmental impacts of their use have prompted various studies to find alternative fuels that are more environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable. In this context, ethanol and xylene have emerged as two potential fuel additive candidates. Ethanol is known as a biofuel derived from renewable sources and has a high octane rating and oxygen content that can support a more complete combustion process. On the other hand, xylene is an aromatic compound with a high octane rating that can improve combustion stability and reduce the risk of knocking or detonation in engines. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ethanol and xylene additions on the flame characteristics of Pertamax fuel, particularly in terms of flame duration and height. Through a laboratory experimental approach, observations were made on the combustion process of pure Pertamax and several fuel blends with varying ethanol and xylene contents. The results showed that pure Pertamax produced a flame with an average duration of 0.734 seconds and a flame height of 4.5 cm, while one of the best blends, namely the fourth blend containing ethanol and xylene, produced a flame duration of 1.084 seconds and a flame height of 5.7 cm. These findings indicate that the addition of ethanol and xylene can significantly improve combustion performance. These results not only enrich knowledge regarding the combustion characteristics of blended fuels, but also open up opportunities for the development of alternative fuel formulations that are more environmentally friendly, energy efficient, and support reducing dependence on fossil fuels in the future.

The coffee farming sector in Gunungmanik Village, Indonesia, plays a significant role in the local economy. However, the monitoring and management of coffee crops remain largely manual and conventional, making it difficult for farmers to respond quickly to environmental threats such as drought, pests, or sudden temperature shifts. This research presents the development of iotgm.id, a web-based monitoring system integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) devices designed to provide real-time environmental data for coffee plantations. The system measures key parameters including temperature, soil moisture, and motion detection (as a proxy for pest activity), and delivers this data via a user-friendly web interface. It also features digital farm record management, real-time alerts for abnormal conditions, and data visualization through interactive dashboards. Field testing with local farmers showed that the system improves decision-making, speeds up responses to environmental changes, and reduces the need for direct field visits. Unlike earlier systems that often required technical expertise or focused on single parameters, this system offers multi-parameter monitoring and is accessible to farmers without advanced digital literacy. The system bridges the gap between sophisticated agricultural technologies and practical field-level application. It contributes to the adoption of precision agriculture in rural areas, offering a scalable model for broader implementation in similar contexts

Gorontalo Province is an area with a high level of disaster vulnerability, both from hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides, as well as geological disasters such as earthquakes. This condition requires an integrated, modern, and sustainable disaster training facility. Unfortunately, until now Gorontalo does not have a representative disaster management education and training center to support community preparedness. This research aims to design a Disaster Management Education and Training Center that not only functions as an education and simulation place, but also integrates green architecture principles to create an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient learning environment. The method used is qualitative descriptive with primary data collection through observation, interviews with stakeholders, and field documentation. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies, disaster architectural precedents, and spatial planning regulatory studies. The design site was chosen in Limboto District with considerations of accessibility, development potential, and geographical conditions. Analysis is carried out on spatial, functional, and climatological aspects to produce an optimal zoning concept and the orientation of building masses according to the tropical climate. The design results show that an area of 19,371 m² can accommodate all space needs with the utilization of KDB of 25.4%. The application of green architecture is realized through the use of environmentally friendly local materials, natural lighting, cross ventilation, solar panels, and rainwater management systems. The simulation facilities for floods, landslides, earthquakes, and fires are designed based on experiential learning so that participants can experience disaster scenarios firsthand. This design is expected to be a model of sustainable tropical disaster architecture, replicate in other disaster-prone areas, and encourage the creation of a disaster-aware culture. This research also opens up further research opportunities related to energy performance evaluation and the application of digital technology in disaster education.

The problem in this research is formulated into three main questions: (1) How to develop "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media on ethnic and cultural diversity for Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung? (2) How to validate the "PAPIN" learning media to ensure its appropriateness and quality for use in the classroom? (3) How effective is the use of the "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media in improving students' understanding of ethnic and cultural diversity in a primary school setting? The main objectives of this research are: (1) To develop feasible and relevant "PAPIN" learning media that supports the learning of ethnic and cultural diversity in accordance with the needs of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung. (2) To produce a practical and user-friendly digital learning tool that can be integrated into classroom activities. (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the media in improving learning outcomes, particularly students' knowledge, engagement, and appreciation of cultural diversity. This research adopts the 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) development model, a systematic method for creating and validating educational products. The research subjects are fourth-grade students from SD Negeri 101767 Tembung, selected as they represent the target users of the media. Data were collected through classroom observations, documentation, expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and evaluation instruments to measure the learning outcomes. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, technology-based instructional tools in elementary education, particularly in promoting multicultural awareness and inclusive learning environments.

The increasing need for electrical energy in Indonesia encourages the development of new renewable energy (EBT), including hydroelectric power plants (PLTA) as an environmentally friendly solution. This research was conducted at the Mentawa Dam, West Toili District, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi, to analyze the potential of water energy that can be utilized as a source of micro-hydro power plants (PLTMH). This dam currently functions as irrigation and a tourist attraction, but has significant potential to generate sustainable electrical energy. The research methods include measuring water discharge using the float method, measuring the height of the water fall (head) with an altimeter and GPS, and analyzing the potential for electrical power using the formula P = η ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Q ⋅ H. The measurement results show an average water discharge of 3.01 m³ / s and a water fall (head) of 6.56 meters. With a turbine efficiency of 80%, the potential electrical power that can be generated reaches 154.76 kW. This study recommends the use of Kaplan turbines in Mentawa Dam, which are ideal for large discharge conditions and low to medium heads, and can adapt to discharge fluctuations, making it an optimal choice to maximize energy potential. This research is expected to provide sustainable energy solutions for the people of Toili Barat District and support the development of the tourism sector.

This study aims to analyze the influence of green advertising, green packaging, and green product on the purchase decision of The Body Shop products, with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The background of this research is based on increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues, which drives changes in consumer preferences towards environmentally friendly products. Green marketing strategies are important in shaping a positive brand image and influencing consumer purchasing behavior. This study uses a quantitative approach with a path analysis method processed using SPSS software. The respondents in this study amounted to 100 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Wijaya Kusuma University Surabaya who had bought The Body Shop products. The results of the analysis show that green advertising, green packaging, and green products have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, green advertising and green products have also been shown to have a direct influence on consumer purchase decisions, while green packaging does not show a significant influence on direct purchase decisions. In addition, customer satisfaction has been shown to play a significant mediating variable in the relationship between green marketing variables and purchase decisions. These findings confirm that the implementation of green marketing strategies not only has a positive impact on the company's image and social responsibility, but also plays an important role in increasing customer satisfaction and encouraging consumers to make purchasing decisions. Therefore, companies are advised to continue to develop and integrate eco-friendly elements in their marketing strategies to increase competitiveness and consumer loyalty. This research also makes a theoretical contribution to the development of consumer behavior studies related to sustainable marketing, especially among the younger generation.

This study aims to analyze interest rate risk management in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that use People's Business Credit (KUR) facilities, with a case study at the Kari Water Drinking Water Depot in Kulim District, Pekanbaru City. Fluctuations in interest rates are one of the financial risks that can affect the continuity of MSME businesses, especially in terms of the ability to pay credit obligations. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Kari Water Depot faces financial risks due to interest rate fluctuations, operational risks related to water distribution and quality, and legal risks due to drinking water quality regulations. The application of risk management based on ISO 31000 has been proven to help in the process of systematic risk identification, analysis, and mitigation. The mitigation strategy through investment in Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology is considered effective because it can improve product quality and operational efficiency. However, the success of this strategy is greatly influenced by the readiness of human resources, access to financing, and mature risk planning. This study recommends the importance of risk management training for MSMEs and policy support in the form of access to affordable funding and environmentally friendly technology to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs amidst economic dynamics.

This study aims to examine the impact of managing physical and social environments on learning quality at RA Baitul Ibadah, Binjai City. Observations were conducted in four classrooms—Awan, Bulan, Bintang, and Pelangi—focusing on spatial arrangement, availability of educational materials, and social interactions. The results show that a flexible, accessible physical environment enriched with educational play tools significantly supports exploration and holistic child development. Moreover, teacher involvement in organizing space and fostering children’s independence strengthens an active and enjoyable learning atmosphere. Each classroom demonstrated unique environmental management strategies, yet all contributed positively to learning outcomes. This study highlights the critical role of planned and responsive learning environments in promoting optimal early childhood development and provides practical recommendations for early childhood institutions in creating child-friendly, educational spaces.

This study examines the potential of Nusa Lembongan Ecotourism in developing sustainable tourism with an environmental perspective. The formulation of the problem studied in this research is “(1) What potential does Nusa Lembongan Ecotourism have in developing environmentally friendly sustainable tourism (2) How does Nusa Lembongan Ecotourism relate to environmentally sustainable tourism”. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach to understand the phenomena experienced by the research subject. Data collection techniques include literature study and documentation. The findings show 1) The potential of Nusa Lembongan as one of the ecotourism-based tourist attractions offers a lot of amazing natural beauty that attracts the attention of tourists to visit and unwind by the hustle and bustle of the city air, not only local tourists but also many foreign tourists visit Nusa Lembongan because of the potential offered 2) Sustainable development is a strategy that limits the utilization of ecosystems and natural resources so that they are maintained. One of the new tourist destinations that is increasingly popular is the beauty of Nusa Lembongan Island.

Bullying in school environments is a serious issue that negatively affects children’s physical, psychological, and social development. As individuals in a growth phase, children have the right to receive adequate legal protection. This study aims to raise students' awareness of the dangers of bullying and to provide an understanding of the available legal protection for victims. The activities were conducted through direct outreach in seven elementary and junior high schools in Palangka Raya using educational videos, banners, and pocket books. The results showed high enthusiasm from students and improved understanding of types of bullying, its impact, and the legal protections available. Collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and society proved effective in creating a safe and child-friendly school environment.

This study aims to describe the child-friendly classroom strategies implemented at SD Negeri 5 Bringin and their impact on student well-being. A child-friendly classroom is an educational approach that emphasizes the creation of a safe, comfortable, inclusive, and participatory learning environment, supporting students' emotional and social development optimally. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were students directly involved in the implementation of the child-friendly classroom, selected through purposive sampling. The results showed that child-friendly classroom strategies were actively implemented by teachers, involving students in planning and learning activities, and fostering good communication with parents. These strategies positively impacted student well-being, as reflected in increased feelings of safety, self-confidence, emotional regulation, and the quality of social interactions among students in the school environment. This study is expected to serve as a reference for teachers and schools in developing child-friendly learning environments to support students' holistic well-being.

The rapid growth of motor vehicles, exceeding 169 million units in Indonesia by 2025, highlights the urgent need for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly transportation solutions, such as hybrid vehicles. Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are crucial components in these systems due to their high efficiency and compact design, particularly when directly integrated into wheels. This study specifically aims to analyze the impact of varying loads on the power consumption of a BLDC motor within a front-wheel-drive hybrid motorcycle prototype equipped with a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) system. Experimental data was collected using a wattmeter on a prototype subjected to different passenger loads: 55 kg, 75 kg, and 100 kg, at constant speeds of 20 and 40 km/h. The findings consistently show that an increase in load significantly and positively correlates with higher power consumption of the BLDC motor. For instance, at 40 km/h, power consumption for a 100 kg load reached 729.578 Watt, whereas for a 55 kg load it was 649.605 Watt. This demonstrates that greater effort (power) is required from the motor to overcome the inertia and increased resistance associated with heavier loads. These results contribute to optimizing energy efficiency in hybrid vehicle design and underscore the importance of load management for sustainable transportation.

The Kampunge Arek Suroboyo Gender- and Child-Friendly (KAS-RPA) Program is an initiative launched by the Surabaya City Government to establish a child-friendly city through women's empowerment and child protection. This program focuses on various key indicators, including education, health, caregiving, safety, and creativity. This community service activity aims to provide assistance in the development of the KAS-RPA portfolio in RW 04, Gundih Sub-District, Bubutan District, Surabaya City, which serves as the designated community service site. The method employed in this community service program includes socialization of the KAS-RPA program to local cadres, followed by intensive consultations and discussions. The assistance process encompasses the identification of village potentials, collection of relevant documentation, and portfolio development in accordance with established guidelines. The outcome of this community service demonstrates the successful implementation of all KAS-RPA program indicators in RW 04, supported by the residents' favorable socio-economic awareness and educational background. This has resulted in a safe and comfortable living environment, with minimal occurrences of violations against children's rights or violence against women.In conclusion, the collaboration between facilitators and local cadres has proven effective in exploring and implementing the program's indicators. It is recommended that the program's coverage area be expanded and that similar activities be continuously conducted to maximize the program's positive impact throughout the city.

This research is motivated by environmental problems caused by campaign props (APK) waste that is not properly managed after election campaigns end. Current regulations focus only on the installation and removal of APK but do not comprehensively address waste management. The purpose of this study is to analyze how APK waste management policies can align with environmental sustainability principles, as well as how election organizers and Bawaslu can support more environmentally friendly campaigns. This study uses normative legal research methods with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that stricter and more synchronized policies are needed between election regulations and environmental regulations, including the application of reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) principles, the use of environmentally friendly campaign materials, as well as education and sanctions for election participants. The implications of this study are expected to encourage improvements in regulation and collaboration between institutions so that election campaigns not only uphold democratic principles but also support environmental sustainability.

This study analyzes the flexural behavior of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams through numerical simulation based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) using ANSYS software, comparing it with conventional reinforced concrete beams. The background of this research focuses on the need for environmentally friendly construction materials, considering the high CO₂ emissions from Portland cement production. The numerical model was developed based on parameters and loading schemes from previous experimental studies, utilizing SOLID65 elements for concrete, LINK180 for steel reinforcement, and SOLID185 for supports. Simulation results show that the flexural behaviour of geopolymer beams is comparable to conventional beams in terms of load-deflection relationships, flexural capacity, and crack patterns, with deviations from experimental data generally below 10%. The patterns and propagation of cracks also exhibited similarities, starting from the tensile zone at mid-span. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates consistency with the analytical approach based on SNI 2847:2019. This research supports the validity of using geopolymer concrete as a sustainable structural material alternative and shows that the FEM numerical method is effective in evaluating the flexural performance of concrete structural elements.

Adaptive environmental arrangements, particularly in elderly care facilities (PSTW - Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha, or Social Welfare Homes for the Elderly), need careful consideration due to the physical and cognitive decline experienced by elderly residents in their rooms. This issue indicates that suboptimal furniture arrangement in rooms can lead to a high incidence of risks such as falls, decreased comfort, and safety concerns. According to WHO data, falls are a leading cause of injury among the elderly. Therefore, a senior-friendly environment must be created, necessitating the identification and arrangement of furniture in elderly residents' rooms.Comfort is enhanced through the selection of ergonomic furniture and appropriate lighting levels. The safety of elderly individuals during mobilization is prioritized by eliminating hazards and ensuring obstacle-free pathways, supported by fall incident risk data and primary prevention principles. Increased provision of privacy and ensuring accessibility in emergencies aligns with crime prevention through environmental design practices.

An inclusive university education is the right of every individual, including students with disabilities. However, in Indonesia, this group still often faces various obstacles in accessing adequate campus facilities. The purpose of this study examines the extent to which campus service quality, according to the 5 dimensions of SERVQUAL, affects the satisfaction of active students with disabilities at Universitas Airlangga. Quantitative approach with survey data collection method with questionnaires to students with disabilities as the primary data source. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression to test the effect of each service dimension on the level of respondent satisfaction. Test simultaneously (F test), see the influence of the five dimensions simultaneously, and also partially (t test) for each dimension. Based on the results of data analysis, all SERVQUAL dimensions are proven to simultaneously have a significant influence on the level of satisfaction of students with disabilities at Universitas Airlangga. Partially, each dimension does not show a significant effect, but the direction of the relationship found is positive. This finding emphasizes the importance of improving disability-friendly campus facilities and services in order to create a more inclusive learning environment.

The Green Economy and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have the same goal as an environmentally friendly and sustainable development program. This research aims to examine the implementation of Green Economy in villages as a strategy to realize Village SDGs. More precisely, to describe and analyze the implementation of the green economy in rural areas, as well as analyze the important reasons for the Green Economy in realizing the Village SDGs. This research is a literature study (library research), using a qualitative approach. The data source used is a secondary data source. Data was obtained through literature and documentation. The research results show that the implementation of a Green Economy can start from villages, such as sustainable waste management, establishing micro hydro power plants, solar power plants, using natural dyes in home batik businesses, and green farming. Green Economy is very important in realizing Village SDGs, as an effort to protect the environment and natural resources; promote social equality and inclusion; and building a resilient and sustainable economy.

The integration of Civic Education (PKn) values ​​in modern society has become an urgent need Early childhood reading literacy is an important foundation in developing children's academic, cognitive, and social abilities. Although awareness of the importance of literacy has increased, practice in the field shows that many early childhood children still do not have adequate reading interest and skills. Various challenges such as limited access to books, low parental involvement, dependence on digital technology, and lack of teacher training are obstacles to improving early childhood literacy. Therefore, strategic and collaborative solutions are needed that involve families, schools, and communities in creating a child-friendly literate environment. This paper aims to comprehensively explore the existing challenges and present solutions that can be practically applied in supporting the improvement of early childhood reading literacy.

Stock return refers to the level of profit gained by investors from stock ownership. The volatility of a company's stock return can be influenced by financial information such as profitability. However, over time, there has been growing pressure on companies not only to pursue financial profit but also to consider non-financial information, such as carbon emission disclosure and green accounting. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of profitability, carbon emission disclosure, and green accounting on the stock returns of energy sector companies. The research was conducted on energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period. The sample was selected using a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 39 companies and a total of 117 observations. Data were collected using a non-participant observation method, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. During the data analysis stage, outliers were detected in the dependent variable, which affected the results of the normality and heteroskedasticity tests. To address this, the winsorizing method was employed to minimize the influence of outliers without eliminating the data. The findings indicate that profitability (measured by ROA), carbon emission disclosure, and green accounting all have a positive effect on stock returns. The implications of this study provide empirical evidence on the influence of profitability, carbon emission disclosure, and green accounting on stock returns in the energy sector on the IDX during the 2021–2023 period. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for corporate management to enhance transparency on sustainability issues, provide strategic guidance for investors, and raise public awareness on the importance of supporting environmentally friendly businesses.