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This research aims to determine the implications of collaborating group discussion methods with Problem Solving Learning in improving students' problem solving skills at SDN Pelita Jaya. This research uses qualitative research methods with a mini research approach to gain in-depth insight into interactions between students in structured learning. For three weeks, research was conducted at SDN Pelita Jaya involving sixth grade students. The group discussion method is used to facilitate student interaction in discussing Islamic ethical and moral values. Students are also given ethical situations or problems that require them to find solutions based on Islamic moral principles through the Problem Solving Learning approach. Qualitative data was collected through participant observation, interviews with students, and document analysis. The results of the analysis show a significant increase in students' ability to identify, analyze and overcome problems with a structured and directed approach. Apart from that, this collaborative learning method also strengthens student involvement in the learning process. This research provides in-depth insight into the positive potential of collaborative group discussion methods with Problem Solving Learning in improving students' problem solving skills. The results of these findings can provide a valuable contribution to the development of more effective learning strategies, especially in Islamic Religious Education subjects.

This research was motivated by students' lack of understanding of concepts in science learning taught in grade V SDN Kedai Runding, South Kluet District, South Aceh. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of students' understanding of improving concepts in science through the Problem Based Learning Model. The difficulty of students in understanding concepts is indicated by the inability to understand concepts, give examples, explain and conclude the subject matter. The research method used is the method proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart, namely Classroom Action Research. The study was conducted in two cycles with 9 students consisting of 3 male students and 6 female students. The average evaluation test score of students in understanding concepts in cycle I is 60% and increases in cycle II to 88%.Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning model is effective in increasing students' understanding of the concepts in science taught to grade V students of SDN Kedai Runding.

The aims of this research are: 1) to determine the application of the problem based learning model in addition and subtraction counting material in class 2 at SDN Kaloy, 2) to determine the increase in the ability to understand addition and subtraction in class 2 students at SDN Kaloy. This research method uses Arikunto's Classroom based action research PTK model. The subjects of this research were 20 grade 2 students at SDN Kaloy, Tamiang Hulu District. There were 2 cycles of action in this research (Cycle I and Cycle II). The data collection techniques used are planning, implementation, observation, reflection and documentation. The results of the research show that: 1) The application of the problem based learning model to the ability to calculate addition and subtraction was carried out in 2 cycles with different results. In Cycle I, the results of observing teacher activities were 87.5 (very good) and the results of observing student activities were 82.8 (good). Meanwhile, in Cycle II there was an increase, the results of observing teacher activities were 92 (very good) and the results of observing student activities were 89 (very good). 2) Improvement in the ability to calculate addition and subtraction of class 2 students at SDN Kaloy in Cycle I, the class average was 79 (fair) which had not yet reached the minimum performance indicator of 80. In Cycle II there was an increase in the class average, namely 86 (very good). The percentage of student learning completeness increased from Cycle I 64% to 84% in Cycle II with an increase of 20%.

This study was motivated by the low mathematics learning outcomes and cooperation skills of fourth grade students of SD Negeri Koroulon 1, so the purpose of this study was to improve mathematics learning outcomes and cooperation attitudes of students by using the Problem Based Learning model. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. the subject of this research is grade IV students. The instruments in this study used test and non-test instruments. Evaluation tests were used to collect data on student learning outcomes, while observation sheet instruments were used to collect data on student cooperation. the results of this study indicate an increase in learning outcomes as seen from the percentage of completeness from 42.1% to 84.2% at the end of cycle II. The increase also occurred in the average value of student cooperation from 51.2 to 74.89 at the end of cycle II. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model can improve students' math learning outcomes and cooperation.

The results of this research indicate an increase in student learning outcomes in metamorphosis material in class IV SDN 1 Tualang Cut. This is proven by the results of research conducted in the first cycle posttest, 14 students (56%) received a complete score, while 12 people (45%) received an incomplete score, with an average learning result of 69.46. In the second cycle posttest, students' complete learning results increased to 24 people (92%) and 2 students (8%) did not complete it, with an average learning result of 90.11. Furthermore, from observing teachers' activities in implementing learning in cycle I, an average of 76.36% was obtained and in cycle II the results of teacher observations increased to 94.54%. Furthermore, from the results of observations of student activities in cycle I, an average of 69.09 was obtained and in cycle II the results of student observations increased to 94.54. The increase in learning outcomes occurred after improvements in actions in cycle II. The action was stopped in cycle II because it had reached the success criteria. Thus, the conclusion was obtained that by implementing the problem based learning model there was an increase in the learning outcomes of metamorphosis material for class IV students at SDN 1 Tualang Cut.

To improve the quality of the student learning process by increasing the quality of teachers' professional abilities, all teachers must go through a learning process that makes it possible to find and solve learning problems in their respective classes based on the principles of Classroom Action Research (PTK). Classroom Action Research is carried out with the aim of improving or enhancing student learning activities and achievements. PTK is an activity carried out to find out problems that arise in the classroom when the teacher is interacting with students in carrying out the teaching and learning process. PTK is research carried out by class teachers through self-reflection with the aim of improving teacher performance, so that the quality of learning increases (Mills, Geoffrey E, 2000, Schmuch, A. Richard, 1997) which can be seen in the percentage of students' success in completing the exercises systematically. verbally and in writing. In the learning process, learning means an activity carried out by the teacher and students together. The essence of the learning is the process of giving and receiving and ends with an evaluation which is deliberately carried out by the teacher to find out how far the students' level of understanding is

One of the efforts to overcome teacher problems in learning is by educational supervision. Supervision is guidance in the form of guidance or guidance towards improving the educational situation in general and improving the quality of teaching and learning. Supervision is carried out by the Principal (supervisor) whose role is to supervise teaching and learning activities, teacher performance etc. The purpose of supervision is to develop better situations to train the learning process and improve the teaching profession. The study was conducted because researchers wanted to get a better understanding of a special case This research reveals specifically about the implementation of teaching supervision and teacher performance in the learning process of Islamic religious education in MTSN 2 Bengkalis. Based on the entire series of analysis and discussion of data, it can be concluded that the implementation of principal supervision of the performance of Islamic religious education teachers in MTSN 2 Bengkalis is The planning of principal supervision is carried out in a planned, systematic and continuous manner. At this stage the principal determines the name of the teacher to be observed, forms a determination of the time for the implementation of the observation time, compiles an observation grid and determines whether the class observation is known to the teacher or not, this is based on an agreement between the principal and the Islamic religious education teacher. In the implementation of supervision, the principal's attitude did not interfere with the process of learning Islamic religious education in the classroom even the principal at the end of class hours gave motivation to students to continue learning diligently. In the follow-up stage, the results of supervision are discussed jointly between Islamic religious education teachers and school principals who discuss teacher deficiencies in teaching in the hope that in the future teachers can improve them.

 The main problem in this research is how to apply the complete sentence learning model in improving paragraph writing skills in Indonesian language subjects for class V students at SD Negeri 37 Palambarae. This research aims to determine the application of the complete sentence learning model in improving paragraph writing skills in Indonesian language subjects for class V students at SD Negeri 37 Palambarae. The type of research used is classroom action research which consists of two cycles where each cycle is carried out in 2 meetings. This research procedure consists of 4 stages in each cycle, namely planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. The subjects in this research were 21 fifth grade students at SD Negeri 37 Palambarae. The results of this research show that in cycle I of the 21 students who completed individually, only 12 or around 57.14% met the Minimum Completeness Criteria. Meanwhile, in cycle II, out of 21 students, 19 students or 90.47% had fulfilled the KKM and classically had been fulfilled, namely the average score obtained was 80.19 or was in the high category. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the complete sentence model can improve paragraph writing skills in class V Indonesian language subjects at SD Negeri 37 Palambarae.

This study aims to determine whether the application of the Problem Based Learning model can develop the critikal thinking skills of class XII students in learning Akidah Akhlak at MA Nurul Falah Ciater. The type of research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive and the subject of this research is students ini class XII MA Nurul Falah Ciater.. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, data verification, and conclusions. Based on the results of research and data analysis, that the Problem Based Learning model applied to moral akidah learning, can develop the critical thinking skills of XII grade students in learning moral akidah at MA Nurul Falah Ciater. Students are actively engaged in critical thinking problem solving and develop analytical skills. These findings make an important contribution to the developments of effective learning methods in improving students critical thinking skills in the context of learning akidah akhlak. This shows that there is a development of critical thinking skills of XII grade students in learning akidah akhlak by using the problem based learning model.

Based on the results of the needs analysis in the learning process, a development of learning media is needed. This research aims to create this product to be more valid, practical and effective in improving students' mathematical understanding. This research and development uses the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluate) development model. The subjects of this research were 30 students of class X Science 1 at SMA Methodist 7 Medan. The research results show that the Android-based learning media developed has obtained a very high level of validity, with an average percentage of 90.38% according to material experts, 87.77% according to media experts, then 90.90% according to lesson plan validators and results. Validation from experts on pre-test and post-test questions showed a percentage of 92.70% and 91.67%, respectively included in the "very valid" criteria. Positive responses were also found from teachers and students during small group and large group trials, with an average score of 96% from teachers, 94.4% from small groups, and 90.2% from large groups. This shows that this media is very practical to use in the learning process. Apart from that, the results of implementing this interactive learning media also show its effectiveness with the average percentage of responses to the effectiveness of learning media by students obtained at 92.23%. The classical learning completion level reached 96.67%, and the effectiveness questionnaire obtained an average percentage of 86.67%. The increase in students' mathematical understanding can be categorized as moderate improvement. Based on this research data, it can be concluded that the Android-based learning media that we have developed has met the criteria of being valid, practical and effective in improving students' mathematical understanding.

The inability to learn to read is a problem that results in a student being unable to follow the learning process properly and unable to achieve the expected learning goals. The four basic skills that students must have when studying in elementary schools in Indonesia are listening, speaking, reading and writing. The purpose of writing this paper is to determine and analyze the difficulties of learning to read students in learning Indonesian in class V SD 5 Kaarangbener. This article is the result of an analysis of literature related to the topic of discussion. The model used is a literature survey or literature review. The results of this research show that most students still do not understand when the teacher provides Indonesian language material. There are several factors that cause students to have difficulty learning Indonesian. Based on these results, it can be concluded that class V students at SD 5 Karangbener still have difficulty reading when learning Indonesian.

The Problem Based Learning learning model is a learning model that begins with giving problems to students where the problems given are everyday experiences or have been experienced by students. Then students solve the problems given to gain new knowledge. It is expected that students are able to learn knowledge related to these problems, as well as students have skills in solving problems. The purpose of this research is to increase student motivation in PAI subjects at Perlaungan Islamic High School. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation and then drawing conclusions. The sources of data in this study are school principals, deputy heads of curricula, PAI teachers, and students. The results of the study show that: 1. Implementation of the Problem Based Learning learning model in PAI subjects at Perlaungan Islamic High School there are five stages, namely, student orientation to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding educators to search for data on a problem, developing and presenting the work , analyze and evaluate. 2. Student learning motivation, there are two learning motivations, namely, intrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation there are three indicators namely, there is a desire and desire to succeed, there are encouragement and needs in learning, there are hopes and ideals, and extrinsic motivation, there are five extrinsic motivations indicators namely, there is appreciation in learning, there are interesting activities in learning, there is a conducive learning environment, teacher-student relationships, student-student relationships.    

This research aims to determine students' ability to understand mathematical concepts through the application of the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach and to find out how the students' answers process in solving problems on tests of students' ability to understand mathematical concepts after applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach in class VIII-1 of SMP Nurul Islam Indonesia Medan. This type of research is classroom action research through cyclical learning stages. The subjects of this research were 13 students in class VIII-1 of SMP Nurul Islam Indonesia Medan and the object of this research was the students' ability to understand mathematical concepts by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach to statistical material. Based on the research results, it was found that by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach, students' ability to understand mathematical concepts in statistical material in class VIII-1 at Nurul Islam Indonesia Middle School in Medan was improved, namely in cycle I the average student ability was only 30.76 with a completion percentage of only 8% of students completed. In cycle II the average student ability increased to 92.95 with a student completion percentage of 100%, so that students had met the classical completion percentage, namely ≥85%. The results of this research show that by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach to statistics material in class VIII-1 of Nurul Islam Indonesia Middle School in Medan, students can improve their ability to understand mathematical concepts.

This study aims to determine whether applying the Problem Based Learning model can improve the mathematical problem solving ability of students of class VIII-A SMP Negeri 1 Stabat on SPLDV. This research is a class action research conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of 2 meetings. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII-A SMP Negeri 1 Stabat totalling 30 students. The object of this research is the improvement of students' mathematical problem solving ability through the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model on SPLDV material at SMP Negeri 1 Stabat in the 2023/2024 school year. Based on the results of data analysis, the average initial test score was 47.11 with the number of students who reached mastery as many as 4 students (13.33%) and students who had not reached mastery as many as 26 students (86.67%). Then learning was carried out with the Problem Based Learning learning model in cycle I and there was an increase in the problem solving ability test with an average value of 63.44 with 19 students or as many as (63.33%). Then students who have not reached completeness are 11 students or as many as (36.67%). Then in cycle II there was an increase with the average value of the student problem solving ability test being 84.11, with a total completeness of 26 students or as many as (86.67%) and the number of students who had not reached completeness was 4 students or as many as (13.33%). The level of student completeness of the problem solving ability test given in cycle II reached the good category, therefore it can be said that learning has been achieved. Thus it can be said that the class has reached more than 85% of students who have been completed to solve problems. So it can be concluded that using the Problem Based Learning model can improve students' mathematical problem solving skills.

This research aims: (1) students' mathematical reasoning ability using the Discovery Learning learning model is higher than students' mathematical reasoning ability using conventional learning models in class VII MTs Yaspi Labuhan Deli, (2) the process of solving answers made by students in solving problems in the Discovery Learning learning model and Conventional learning model. This type of research is quantitative research with Quasi-Experimental methods. This research was conducted at MTs Yaspi Labuhan Deli. The sampling technique in this study uses Purposive Sampling techniques, namely class VII-A as a class taught with a Discovery Learning learning model and class VII-B as a class taught with a conventional learning model. The data collection instrument used was in the form of observation sheets and student mathematical reasoning ability test sheets in the form of 3 essay questions. Data analysis in this study used t-Test with Independent Sample t-Test technique with the help of SPSS 20 program. The results of this study showed that the average score of classes taught using the discovery learning model was 78,01 and classes taught using conventional learning models were 72,22. For hypothesis testing carried out using a t-test, from the calculation results obtained a value of  (2.664) >  (1.66757) with a Sig.2-tailed level of 0.010 < 0.05, which means that  rejected and  was accepted, so that it is concluded that there is a significant difference in the average mathematical reasoning ability of students using the Discovery Learning learning model and the Conventional learning model. Based on the analysis of the process of completing students' answers to the mathematical reasoning ability test that get Discovery Learning learning is better than students who get conventional learning.

The United Islamic Cultural Center of Indonesia (UICCI) or the United Islamic Cultural Center Foundation in Indonesia is an Islamic organization that operates in the social and religious fields. This foundation is an Islamic social and religious institution that produces Al-Quran Hafiz who applies the Al-Quran and Sunnah in everyday life while directing them to do good deeds with their knowledge. The UICCI Foundation is better known as Pondok Pesantren Syarief Medan which is a branch of the IFA (International Fratenity Association) or international fraternity foundation in Turkey. The history of the founding of the Central UICCI Foundation in Turkey or the Sulaimaniyah Institute began after the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924, the Turkish regime under the leadership of the nationalist figure Mustofa Kemal Attaturk began to introduce the ideas of nationalism and secularism, or rather laicism. This is an interesting study considering that Islamic boarding schools are traditional Islamic educational institutions originating from Indonesia and UICCI is a branch of Islamic education from Turkey. Because it is a branch of the Turkish Islamic boarding school, it has its own way of learning which is different from Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia in general. The differences lie in the teaching system which is controlled by the center in Turkey, the rules are based on Sufism, the students' learning activities are integrated with the Turkish language, Turkish culture is introduced to the students and the full scholarship for further education in Turkey is given to the students. In this research there are three problem formulations, namely: History and development of the UICCI Syarief Medan Foundation, dynamics, and its contribution to students and society. The approach used by researchers is Sociology. The theory used is Continuity and Change by Jhon Obert Voll. The method used is the historical method, which includes four steps, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. The results of this research show that the UICCI Syarief Islamic Boarding School in Medan has a distinctive form and is different from Islamic boarding schools in general. The differences can be seen from the activities at the boarding school which are based on Sufism and tarekat which are followed by Islamic boarding school students, an integrated teaching system with Turkish language and Tekamul education (scholarships for further Islamic education to Turkey). Apart from that, the dynamics that occur at the UICCI Syarief Islamic boarding school can be seen from an educational and economic perspective, namely making UICCI Syarief become the center of Tadris for the Sumatra Island branch and from an economic perspective it can be seen from what was initially free to paid. In terms of contribution, this foundation only focuses on students, preparing student go to Tekamul.

In an era of cultural acceleration and rapid advancements in science and technology, this research evaluates the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Informatics at SMA Negeri 8 Maros, focusing on enhancing student creativity. Employing a quantitative method within the Classroom Action Research framework, this study involves cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collected through creativity tests, surveys, and class observations reveal that PBL significantly boosts student creativity. These findings are crucial, considering the critical role of education in preparing future generations for digital era challenges. This study highlights how education, especially in Informatics covering programming, artificial intelligence, and computer networking, can adapt to changing times. By integrating technology and innovative approaches into the learning process, students can enhance creativity and other essential skills needed in the digital age. This research offers valuable insights for educators and policymakers in preparing students for a bright, sustainable future.    

In the era of education that continues to develop, learning models have become the focus of attention for educators. One learning model that has received widespread attention is Project Based Learning (PjBL). The aim of this research is to determine the effect of implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model to increase student creativity so that they can solve problems in working on a project. Creativity not only allows students to solve a problem, but also has an impact on their mindset. This research was conducted using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The results obtained from this research are that there is an increase in students' creative thinking abilities before and after implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model during learning.

Education in elementary schools has the aim of helping students understand problems in everyday life. The national education system states that education aims to develop the potential of students to become human beings who have faith, noble character, health, knowledge and responsibility. In the context of mathematics education, the PMRI (Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education) approach is used to help students understand mathematical concepts through real experiences and the context of everyday life. The data grouping learning trajectory using the PMRI approach aims to help grade 1 elementary school students understand the concept of data grouping. The use of sorting and choosing props can also improve the learning outcomes of low grade students in sorting and selecting certain objects or concepts. The aim of this research is that it is hoped that students can learn more effectively through direct experience, visualization and physical movements involved in the sorting and choosing process. Data was collected through interviews and tests. Based on the results and discussion of the research that has been conducted, it can be concluded that the design of a data grouping learning trajectory for elementary school students using an Indonesian realistic mathematics education approach is theoretically able to provide a deeper understanding of data grouping for grade I elementary school students. With the principles in PMRI, students are given the opportunity to develop a conceptual understanding of data grouping with the help of the images provided.

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the problem-based learning model (PBL) with a STEM approach on the mathematical problem solving ability of grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 17 Medan. This research was conducted at SMP N 17 Medan T.A 2023/2024. The research method used is a quasi-experimental method. The sample of this study consisted of two classes, namely class VIII-3 as an experimental class taught with a PBL model with a STEM approach and class VIII-4 as a control class taught with conventional models. Based on descriptive statistics and categorization of research results, it was found that the mathematical problem solving ability of experimental class students was 67,74% of students in the high category, 32.26% of other students in the medium category, and no students in the low category. Meanwhile, in the control class, 15,63% of students were in the high level of problem solving ability, 53,13% were in the medium level and 31,24% of students were in the category low category. Thus it can be seen that the mathematical problem solving ability of grade students taught with PBL with a STEM approach is better than conventional learning models. Furthermore, with inferential statistical analysis for the t test, calculated t value = 2,42 and ttable = 1,999623, thus t calculated > t table means that the problem-solving ability of students taught with PBL with a STEM approach is not the same as students who use the learning  conventional model. With further analysis, Fcalculated = 5,6847 and F table = 3,998494482, then  calculated F > F table so it can be concluded that problem-based learning models with a STEM approach have a significant effect on students' mathematical problem solving abilities.