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The Islamic Abbasid Dynasty experienced progress in the field of Education which was advanced, solid, complete and well integrated supported by an adequate education system at that time. Baitul Hikmah which became the center of scientific development, especially mathematics (Al-Khwarizmi), astronomy (Al-Biruni), and medicine (Ibn Sina) which became an intellectual center and packaging period during the Abbasid Dynasty. This study uses a systematic literature review research method  with a qualitative descriptive research approach through literature review or literature studies, journals, articles, and books that discuss Baitul Hikmah during the Abbasid Dynasty. The results of this study show that Baitul Hikmah was a library and translation center during the Abbasid Dynasty located in Baghdad. In addition, Baitul Hikmah has a considerable role in developing Islamic civilization, even at that time Islam experienced its heyday "The golden age of Islam".

Fine arts learning in elementary schools has an important role in developing students' creativity and artistic spirit. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in shaping the artistic spirit of elementary school students. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with an experimental group that applies CTL learning and a control group that uses conventional learning methods. The research subjects were students, and the data collection instruments included a drawing test, observation, and questionnaire. To compare the learning outcomes of both groups, the data were analyzed using t-test. The results showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups. Students who followed CTL learning showed improvement in creativity, self-expression, and understanding of fine art concepts compared to the control group. The findings indicate that CTL learning is effective in shaping students' artistic spirit, giving them the opportunity to connect learning materials with daily life through various interesting and challenging activities, which encourage them to think critically, creatively, and collaboratively. In addition, since CTL learning makes students feel more involved and active in the learning process, it can increase their motivation to learn.  

Moringa oleifera plants as traditional medicine used by the people of Cibeas Village, Cintaraja Village, Singaparna District, Tasikmalaya Regency. This study aims to determine the use of moringa plants as traditional medicine. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative with data collection techniques through observation, semi-structured interviews, and snowball sampling. Data analysis was carried out by calculating the utility value (Use Value/UV), informant context factors (Informant Consensus Factor/ICF), and relative citation frequency (Relative Frequency of Citation/RFC). The results showed that moringa plants are used to treat 12 types of diseases, with the highest utilization for lowering hypertension (UV = 0.296). The leaves are the most frequently used part (ICF = 0.952).

The lack of knowledge about women's problems has made researchers interested in providing solutions and conducting research related to preventing vaginal discharge experienced by adolescents. The purpose of this study was to identify before and after knowledge and to determine the effect of reproductive health education on knowledge in preventing pathological leucorrhoea in Binor Village, Paiton District. This research uses a quantitative approach with the Pre- Test and Post-Test, the sampling used is Cluster random sampling in June 2023 with a total of 40 cases. The results showed that before being given counseling in the good category, there were 16 (40%) respondents. after being given good category counseling as many as 31 (77.5%) respondents. The results of statistical analysis of p-value 0.000 (α> 0.05) show that there is an effect of reproductive health education on knowledge in preventing pathological vaginal discharge in Binor Village, Paiton District. Suggestions to continue to conduct reproductive health counseling in preventing pathological vaginal discharge with appropriate methods.

Talking is an activity that cannot be separated from the interaction between people in daily life, starting from oral to written. In written language, there are many linguistic errors, both in terms of phonemes, morphemes, and word writing. This study aims to analyze and describe language errors in external media located on Siliwangi Street, Tasikmalaya. Qualitative descriptive is a method used in this study by grouping data, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions based on the results of the analysis. From this study, it was obtained that the phoneme replacement error was found in the replacement of the phoneme /ai/ with /e/, /u/ with /o/, and /r/ with /e/, the phoneme deletion error was found in the deletion of the phonemes /s/, /n/, and /k/, and the errors in the replacement and addition of phonemes were found in the replacement of the phoneme /o/ to /o/, the replacement of the phoneme /g/ with /k/ and the addition of the phoneme /e/.

Imperfect: Career, Love & Scales is a work that discusses the issue of body shaming and social pressure on beauty standards. Through a qualitative approach with social comparison theory analysis, this study reveals how the representation of body aesthetics is displayed in the film. The main character, Rara, experiences pressure to meet ideal beauty standards, such as a slim body and white skin, both in her work environment and family. This phenomenon reflects social construction and popular culture that reinforces beauty stereotypes. The impacts of this pressure include decreased self-esteem, anxiety, and unhealthy dieting behavior. This study shows that media-promoted beauty standards have a negative impact on individual mental health and encourage appearance-based discrimination. The film also critiques narrow beauty standards while conveying important messages about self-acceptance and diversity.

Bullying among students is a serious issue that impacts their mental, physical, and social well-being and disrupts learning activities at school. This study aims to explore the role of teachers in preventing bullying in schools through collaborative art education, utilizing a case study approach at an elementary school. Collaborative art was chosen as a method due to its potential to encourage positive interactions and empathy development among students. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, and focus group discussions with participating students. The results indicate that teacher-facilitated collaborative art effectively reduces bullying behaviors, fosters harmonious relationships among students, and enhances social skills and empathy. In conclusion, collaborative art education shows promise as a preventive method against bullying, and it is recommended for broader integration as part of character education strategies in schools.

The quality of educators is something that must always be considered by the government. The quality can be seen from how the characteristics of educators when providing learning in the classroom. This Mini Research will look at the Learning Characteristics of IAT Lecturers at UIN Raden Mas Said Surkarta. In this case, the researcher wants to examine two IAT lecturers only, the two lecturers are: Dr. H. Abdul Matin bin Salman Lc,.M.Ag and Dr. Hj. Ari Hikmawati S.Ag. M.Pd. This research includes descriptive qualitative research analysis. The data collection methods used are questionnaire method and RPS analysis. Respondents of this method are 2 students in each batch. In this case the researchers took from the class of 2016 - 2023, so that the respondents were 16 students. After the data is collected, then the researchers describe, and then the researchers compare and analyze using Permenristekdikti Article 11 Number 44 of 2015 related to “Learning Process Standards”. The conclusion: (1). The learning of IAT lecturers at UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta is in accordance with the Learning Process Standards in Permenristekdikti Article 11 Number 44 of 2015 which is Integrative-Interconnective. (2). Learning Characteristics of Dr. H. Abdul Matin bin Salman Lc, M.Ag is more about Interactive, Holistic, Scientific, and Contextual learning. (3). Learning Characteristics of Dr. Hj Ari Hikmawati S.Ag. M.Pd is more about Integrative, Thematic, Effective, and Collaborative learning.

Sundanese song pagerageungan is a traditional art originating from Tasikmalaya district. The xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Sundanese song art Pagerageungan plays a very important role in creating an atmosphere and strengthening the message contained in the song lyrics. The xylophone, as a traditional Sundanese instrument made from wooden blades, produces a distinctive sound and has a dual function as a rhythm regulator as well as adding melodic nuances to the song. The xylophone accompaniment pattern in this song is not only rhythmic, but also often has a melodic character that beautifies the song's strains. This gambang accompaniment pattern has 3 parts, namely merean, cacagan and geumbyang. The aims of this research are: (1) to find out the xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Sundanese pagerageungan song art (2) to find out the function of the xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Pagerageungan Sundanese song art. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation techniques. The main instrument in this research is the research itself using tools in the form of field notes and recording tools in the form of cellphones.

Psychopathology, especially mental disorders in Indonesia that are not treated properly can potentially increase the risk of criminal acts by people with mental disorders. This qualitative case study examines the case of child homicide by a mother diagnosed with schizophrenia, revealing the complexity of the interactions between mental disorders and environmental factors. This research emphasizes the role of forensic psychopathology in understanding the relationship between mental disorders and criminal behavior. Schizophrenia, as a serious mental disorder can increase the risk of criminal behavior, especially if adequate treatment is not provided. Symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions and hallucinations which affect emotional control and lead to criminal acts. Social stigma and lack of family awareness of mental disorders worsen the situation. In addition, this research highlights the urgency of increasing awareness and access to mental health services to prevent similar incidents.

Agroindustry plays a crucial role in the economy, particularly in supporting food security and creating business opportunities in rural areas. However, to remain competitive in an increasingly challenging market, a comprehensive evaluation of financial performance is essential. This study aims to analyze the financial performance of the Tahu Bulat Agroindustry in Buniasih Hamlet, Muktisari Village, Cipaku Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency, using the Du Pont System approach over the 2022–2024 period. The analysis focuses on five key indicators: Assets Turnover, Net Profit Margin, Return on Investment (ROI), Equity Multiplier, and Return on Equity (ROE). The results reveal an average Assets Turnover of 1.42 times, indicating effective asset utilization in generating sales. The average Net Profit Margin of 17.80% reflects the company’s ability to generate net profit from sales. The average ROI of 25.55% indicates efficient asset utilization. The Equity Multiplier has an average of 4.77 times, demonstrating the contribution of the capital structure to asset management. Meanwhile, the average ROE of 125.54% highlights high returns on equity, despite significant declines in the final year. The study concludes that the financial performance of the agroindustry is generally good, but declining indicators in the last year require strategies to improve efficiency and asset management. It is recommended that the company reevaluate its capital structure and enhance operational efficiency to ensure business sustainability.

Agro-industry is a strategic sector that supports rural economic growth and food security. Agro-industry, as a strategic sector, often faces challenges in financial management, which have an impact on business stability and sustainability. This research analyzes the financial performance of the Tahu Bulat Putra Mandiri Agroindustry in Ciamis Regency based on liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. Financial report data for the last three years (2022-2024) was analyzed using the case study method by calculating financial ratios, such as current ratio, quick ratio, debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE). The results show fluctuations in financial performance, where the liquidity ratio is good enough to meet short-term obligations, but solvency reflects high financial risk due to dependence on debt, while profitability experiences a decrease in efficiency in generating profits. This research recommends improving capital structure, increasing operational efficiency, and business diversification to ensure the company's financial sustainability and stability.

Baro Gebang Beach has great potential to develop as a sustainable tourism destination. The main challenge in resource management is combining economic growth with environmental conservation. Fintech is present as an innovative solution to support tourism development in this area, by providing access to capital, community-based funding, and increasing operational efficiency. Through P2P lending, local craftsmen in Baro Gebang Beach can expand their businesses, create new jobs, and increase income. This literature review emphasizes the importance of digital literacy and cross-sector collaboration in creating an inclusive and sustainable tourism ecosystem.

This study aims to explore the emotional regulation skills of children in Harapan Community Semarang through the snakes and ladders game intervention. The method used is a participatory approach that involves children in fun game activities, so that they can learn to manage emotions in a more adaptive way. The results showed that children who previously showed maladaptive and aggressive behavior began to understand the importance of emotional regulation, such as holding back when angry and seeking help from adults. The snakes and ladders game activity not only created a relaxed atmosphere, but also provided space for children to learn cooperatively and build positive relationships with peers. Although this intervention was successful, there were some limitations, such as the constraints of setting children in a crowded environment and the short implementation time. This study concludes that a game-based approach can be an effective tool in improving children's emotional intelligence, especially in communities with limited resources, and emphasizes the need for ongoing support from parents to strengthen emotional regulation at home.

This study aims to explore the emotional regulation skills of children in Harapan Community Semarang through the snakes and ladders game intervention. The method used is a participatory approach that involves children in fun game activities, so that they can learn to manage emotions in a more adaptive way. The results showed that children who previously showed maladaptive and aggressive behavior began to understand the importance of emotional regulation, such as holding back when angry and seeking help from adults. The snakes and ladders game activity not only created a relaxed atmosphere, but also provided space for children to learn cooperatively and build positive relationships with peers. Although this intervention was successful, there were some limitations, such as the constraints of setting children in a crowded environment and the short implementation time. This study concludes that a game-based approach can be an effective tool in improving children's emotional intelligence, especially in communities with limited resources, and emphasizes the need for ongoing support from parents to strengthen emotional regulation at home.

Adolescence is an important transitional stage in life involving physical development, psychological and sexual maturity, which often triggers curiosity about sexuality. Psychoeducation is designed to provide insight and raise awareness about sexual education. The implementation of this psychoeducation uses a Community Based Research approach. The results of this psychoeducation showed a positive impact in increasing students' understanding of sexual education.

This study explores the impact of digital technology on state defense awareness among students of Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” East Java. Through a quantitative survey involving 29 respondents, it was found that 62.1% of respondents consider state defense awareness very important, and 86.2% agree that digital technology makes it easier to access information related to state defense. However, 10.3% of respondents felt that technology has no significant effect on state defense awareness. These findings show that while digital technology has the potential to increase state defense awareness, challenges such as disinformation and low interest in state defense content still exist. This research recommends improving digital literacy and engaging campaigns to raise awareness among university students.

The tourism sector in Indonesia is growing rapidly thanks to the abundant natural, social, cultural and regional potential. One educational tourist attraction that is currently developing is Arjuna Farm in Tasikmalaya City, which offers the concept of integrating the agricultural and fisheries sectors with the application of IoT (Internet of Things) technology. This research aims to analyze the application of IoT technology to support hydroponic production management at Arjuna Farm, especially in increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and quality of agricultural products. The research used a case study approach with a qualitative descriptive method, involving direct observation, in-depth interviews with the main managers (Mr. Andi and Mrs. Selvi), as well as analysis of secondary data from various literary sources. The research location was chosen by purposive sampling, located at Jalan Situ Cibereum, Tamanjaya, Tamansari, Tasikmalaya City, during November 2024. The research results show that POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating and Controlling) based management is implemented well, supported by IoT systems such as automatic watering, drip irrigation. This technology enables efficient and real-time production management, thereby maintaining the quality and sustainability of harvests, as well as increasing the attractiveness of Arjuna Farm as an educational tourist attraction based on modern technology.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.

International trade is the main pillar of global economic development. For Indonesia, international trade policy plays a strategic role in encouraging economic growth. As a country rich in natural resources and with a large population, Indonesia has the potential to be significant in the global value chain. However, fluctuations in commodity prices, competitive pressures, and protectionism of trading partners are obstacles that need to be overcome. This study examines the impact of international trade policies on Indonesia's economic growth through a literature study. The analysis focuses on the influence of tariff regulation, free trade agreements, and non-tariff policies on the competitiveness of national products and the protection of domestic industries. The results show that trade policies are effective in creating synergies between exports and economic growth, although challenges in the form of dependence on primary commodity exports and the need to increase manufacturing competitiveness remain. This study recommends strengthening infrastructure, improving the quality of human resources, and sustainable economic policies as strategies to optimize international trade for national economic development.