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This study aims to analyze the effect of using the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) on improving financial inclusion among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in North Toraja Regency. The research is motivated by the rapid development of digital payment systems, which have not been optimally adopted by MSMEs in tourism areas. QRIS, as a non-cash payment innovation, is expected to expand access tofinancial services, enhance transaction efficiency, and encourage MSMEs’ participation in the formal financial system. This study employs a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 35 handicraft MSMEs in the Ke’te Kesu’ tourism area, selected through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 25 through validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, and simple linear regression. The results indicate that QRIS usage has a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.758 and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.575. The t-test shows a significance value of < 0.05. These findings support the Financial Deepening theory and the financial inclusion concept, which emphasize access, affordability, and usage of financial services. Thus, QRIS serves as an important instrument in promoting digital transformation and enhancing financial inclusion among MSMEs in North Toraja Regency.

This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality on consumer satisfaction at Kipang Sisera Panyabungan Business. The research method used is a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to 96 respondents who are Kipang Sisera customers. The data obtained were analyzed using validity, reliability, and regression analysis tests with the help of SPSS 25. The results of the validity test showed that all items in the questionnaire were valid with a calculated r value> r table (0.1689), while the results of the reliability test using Alpha Cronbach showed a value> 0.60, which means that the research instrument can be trusted. The results of the partial regression test (t test) showed that product quality had a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. The coefficient of determination (R²) test showed that product quality contributed 62.9% to consumer satisfaction, while the rest was influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of parental income and peer environment on the consumer behavior of students studying in the Management Study Program at the Indonesian Christian University of Toraja. Data collection procedures for this study included observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The method used in this study was a quantitative method using the Simple Linear Regression method and processed using SPSS 26. The sample collection technique used was nonprobability sampling with a purposive sampling technique where the sampling technique was based on certain criteria or considerations. The results of the study showed that the t-test on the Parental Income variable had a calculated t value > t table with a value of (3.409) < (1.664). The Parental Income variable has a positive and significant influence on the Consumer Behavior of Students Studying in the Management Study Program at the Indonesian Christian University of Toraja. The t-test on the Peer Environment had a calculated t value > t table with a value of (4.279) < (1.664). The Peer Environment has a positive and significant influence on the Consumer Behavior of Students Studying in the Management Study Program at the Indonesian Christian University of Toraja. The f-test has a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, which means that parental income and peer environment have a simultaneous and significant influence on the consumer behavior of students in the Management Study Program at the Indonesian Christian University of Toraja.

Vocational education requires a practice-based learning process supported by complete facilities so that students can master work competencies optimally. However, the condition of the Motorcycle Engineering workshop at Noemuti State Vocational High School shows that the completeness of the disc brake system practice facilities does not meet the ideal ratio standards, which affects the effectiveness of learning. This incompleteness has an impact on the low achievement of students' practical learning outcomes that have not reached the KKM. This study aims to describe the level of completeness of workshop facilities and the results of the disc brake system practice learning, and to determine whether there is a relationship between the two. The research approach uses a quantitative correlational method with a total sampling of 26 students. Data were obtained through observation, questionnaires, and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, linearity tests, Pearson correlations, and coefficients of determination using SPSS 27. The results showed that the average completeness of workshop facilities was 42.27 and the results of practical learning were 42.81, both of which were in the good category. The Pearson correlation test produced a value of r = 0.960 with a significance of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a very strong and significant relationship. The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.92) shows that 92% of the variation in practical learning outcomes is influenced by the completeness of workshop facilities. The more complete the workshop facilities, the higher the students' practical learning outcomes.

This research is motivated by the existence of factors that influence employee performance in a company. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of extrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and work-life balance on the performance in the 12-cigarette production employees at PT Praoe Lajar Semarang. The population in this study was 120 employees in the 12-cigarette production department at PT Praoe Lajar Semarang. The sample used was purposive sampling, with 60 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire and the measurement used a likert scale. The test tool used was SPSS Version 26. Data analysis methods included validity testing, reliability testing, respondent description analysis, multiple linear regression, classical assumption testing, t-test, and coefficient of determination testing. The results indicate that extrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that employees are motivated by external influences to improve their performance. Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that employees are satisfied with their ability to improve their performance. Work life balance has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, meaning that the higher the work life balance of employees, the better their performance will be.

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of job training, workload, and work motivation on employee performance at KSP Balo’ta, Tana Toraja Regency. The data collection procedures in this study included interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The research employed a quantitative method using multiple linear regression analysis, which was processed using SPSS version 23. The sampling technique used was the census (total sampling) method, in which all members of the population were included as samples, totaling 38 respondents. The results of the study indicate that: (1) partially, job training has a significant effect on employee performance. This is evidenced by the t-test results, where the significance value is 0.000 < 0.05 and the calculated t-value is −9.613 > t-table value of 1.691, indicating that variable X1 influences variable Y. (2) workload has a significant effect on employee performance, as shown by the t-test results with a significance value of 0.004 < 0.05 and a calculated t-value of 1.842 > t-table value of 1.691, indicating that variable X2 affects variable Y. (3) work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the t-test results with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a calculated t-value of 4.694 > t-table value of 1.691, indicating that variable X3 influences variable Y. (4) simultaneously, job training, workload, and work motivation have a significant effect on employee performance. This is supported by the F-test results, where the significance value is 0.000 < 0.05 and the calculated F-value is 37.209 > F-table value of 2.883, indicating that variables X1, X2, and X3 simultaneously influence variable Y.

This study aims to determine the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth on Purchase Decisions (a case study of Glad2Glow skincare products). The population of this study consists of consumers who use Glad2Glow skincare products, with the sampling technique using accidental sampling. This research employs a quantitative method. The object of this study is users of Glad2Glow products who purchase skincare products at Glowtica Beauty Store. Data were collected through questionnaires measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression, processed with the assistance of SPSS software. The results of the t-test indicate that the Electronic Word of Mouth variable (X) has a significant effect on Purchase Decisions, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a t-value of 6.069 > t-table of 2.03224. Therefore, it can be concluded that Electronic Word of Mouth has a significant effect on the Purchase Decision of Glad2Glow skincare products. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Electronic Word of Mouth has a positive influence on the purchase decision of Glad2Glow skincare products.

This study aims to determine the effect of Product Assortment, Price, and Store Atmosphere on Consumer Purchase Intention at MR.DIY, North Toraja Regency. The independent variables used in this study are Product Assortment (X1), Price (X2), and Store Atmosphere (X3), while the dependent variable is Consumer Purchase Intention. The population in this study consists of consumers who have purchased products at MR.DIY. The sample in this study was selected using the accidental sampling method, with a total of 90 respondents. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires with a quantitative approach. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression analysis, followed by hypothesis testing using SPSS 25. Based on the results of the t-test, the product assortment variable shows a t-count value greater than the t-table value (4.574 > 1.987) with a significance level of (0.000 < 0.05). The price variable shows a t-count value greater than the t-table value (4.261 > 1.987) with a significance level of (0.000 < 0.05), while the store atmosphere variable also has a t-count value greater than the t-table value (3.857 > 1.987) with a significance level of (0.000 < 0.05). Meanwhile, the results of the F-test (simultaneous test) produce an F-count value greater than the F-table value (18.800 > 2.711) with a significance level of (0.000 < 0.05). The results of the study indicate that Product Assortment, Price, and Store Atmosphere simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Consumer Purchase Intention at MR.DIY, North Toraja Regency.  

Nicotine is the main chemical substance found in cigarettes and has toxic and addictive properties. Exposure to nicotine in active smokers can cause various health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular disorders and dependence. The prevalence of active smokers in RT 08 RW 05, Duren Jaya Village, East Bekasi Subdistrict is quite high. However, data on nicotine levels in the bodies of active smokers remain very limited. This study aims to determine the nicotine levels in active smokers in Duren Jaya Village, RT 08 RW 05, Bekasi Timur District, using urine samples. The research method employs a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. Urine samples were collected from 30 male active smokers aged over 35 years who had smoked for at least 15 years. Nicotine levels were measured at the Jakarta Regional Health Laboratory using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 22. The study included 30 male respondents (100%) with an average age of 41 years. The analysis results showed nicotine levels ranging from 59.908 ng/mLto 459.941 ng/mL, with the majority of respondents falling into the category of active smokers based on the biological threshold for nicotine levels. It can be concluded that the results obtained indicate that these levels correspond to active smokers using light tobacco.

This study aims to determine the effect of information technology utilization on the timeliness of financial reporting in the Regional Apparatus Work Units (SKPD) of North Toraja Regency. The use of information technology is expected to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the financial reporting process so that reports can be prepared and submitted on time. However, variations in reporting timeliness among several SKPDs indicate the need for further examination of the extent to which information technology has been optimally utilized. The research method employed is a quantitative approach with a simple linear regression analysis technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to financial staff of SKPDs in North Toraja Regency, with a total of 50 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS through validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption testing, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study show that the utilization of information technology has a positive and significant effect on the timeliness of financial reporting. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing the use of information technology in supporting effective and timely financial reporting.

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy and financial inclusion on the financial management of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Makale District. Sound financial management is an important factor for the sustainability and growth of MSMEs; therefore, an empirical examination of the factors influencing it is necessary. This study employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data analysis is conducted through multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS statistical software version 26. The research population includes all MSME actors in Makale District, with a sample of 88 respondents selected using a random sampling technique to ensure equal participation opportunities. The independent variables in this study are financial literacy and financial inclusion, while the dependent variable is MSME financial management. The results indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant partial effect on MSME financial management. This finding suggests that the better MSME actors understand financial concepts and practices, the better their ability to manage business finances. In contrast, financial inclusion does not have a significant partial effect on financial management. However, financial literacy and financial inclusion simultaneously have a significant effect on financial management. The coefficient of determination of 69.3% indicates that most of the variation in MSME financial management can be explained by these two variables. This study concludes that improving financial literacy is a key factor in enhancing MSME financial management.

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality, store atmosphere, and word of mouth on repurchase intention of Batik Lochatara Kediri consumers. This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal associative design. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 96 respondents who are customers of Batik Lochatara Kediri, selected using accidental sampling. The research instrument was measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software, preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results reveal that partially, word of mouth has a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention, while service quality and store atmosphere do not show a significant effect. However, simultaneously, service quality, store atmosphere, and word of mouth have a significant influence on repurchase intention. These findings indicate that positive consumer recommendations and shared experiences play a more dominant role in encouraging repurchase intention in the context of local batik MSMEs. Therefore, strengthening word-of-mouth strategies is essential to enhance customer loyalty and business sustainability.

This study aims to investigate the empirical impact of population size and unemployment rates on economic growth in Central Kalimantan Province. The research focuses on the regional context of Central Kalimantan, utilizing a longitudinal dataset covering the eleven-year period from 2013 to 2024. To achieve the research objectives, the study employs quantitative analysis through the SPSS software package, utilizing multiple linear regression as the primary analytical tool to examine the relationship between the dependent variable (economic growth) and the independent variables (population and unemployment). The findings of the analysis reveal a divergent impact between the two independent variables. The results indicate that the population has a significant and positive influence on economic growth in Central Kalimantan during the 2013-2024 period, suggesting that demographic factors play a crucial role in regional expansion. Conversely, the unemployment rate was found to have no significant effect on economic growth within the same timeframe. Furthermore, the study conducted a comprehensive suite of classical assumption tests to ensure the validity and reliability of the statistical model. The results of these diagnostics confirm that the regression model adheres to the assumption of normality, shows no evidence of multicollinearity among the variables, and is free from symptoms of heteroscedasticity. Additionally, the analysis concludes that the model does not exhibit any issues related to autocorrelation. Consequently, the regression model is deemed statistically robust and appropriate for providing an accurate representation of the economic dynamics in Central Kalimantan.

Games that were initially enjoyed individually and offline have now evolved into online games that allow interaction, competition, and friendship with other players in real-time. Online games are now increasingly popular, one of which is Mobile Legends. This game can be downloaded through the Play Store and App Store. In April 2024, Mobile Legends ranked the most popular game by downloads on the statista.com website. The research objective was to determine the influence of event marketing, content marketing, influencers, and the social environment on the decision to purchase Mobile Legends game skins in Kebumen Regency. The method used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique aimed at 100 users. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and literature studies. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression, which was then processed with the SPSS application version 25.0 for Windows. The results showed that event marketing had a significant effect on purchasing decisions, content marketing had a significant effect on purchasing decisions, influencers had no significant effect on purchasing decisions, the social environment had no significant effect on purchasing decisions, and event marketing, content marketing, influencers, and the social environment simultaneously had a significant effect on purchasing decisions.

This study examines how changes in company value are affected by profitability, liquidity, and asset structure using a case study of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk from 2017 to 2024. The Fixed Asset Ratio (FAR), which serves as a proxy for asset structure, the Return on Assets (ROA), which measures profitability, and the Current Ratio (CR), which measures liquidity, are the independent variables in the Price to Book Value (PBV) ratio. The study data came from BCA's public annual financial reports, and SPSS software was used to do multiple linear regression analysis. The findings demonstrate that changes in firm valuation are significantly positively impacted by profitability, suggesting that improved profit performance fosters favorable investor attitudes. On the other hand, throughout the observation period, changes in the company's value are not significantly impacted by liquidity or asset structure. This result is consistent with some earlier research, although it varies in the area of liquidity's impact, indicating a lack of consistency among investigations. Practically speaking, banking management may utilize the study's findings to develop financial plans that emphasize boosting profitability in order to optimize business value. Academically, this study adds to the body of knowledge on the elements that influence corporate value, particularly in the Indonesian banking sector, and addresses the present research gap on the impact of liquidity and asset structure.

The development of the automotive industry, especially automatic motorcycles in Indonesia, is increasingly rapid and triggers fierce competition between manufacturers, including Piaggio with the Vespa Matic LX product which has a unique design, elegant image, and different characteristics from other automatic motorcycles. This study aims to analyze the influence of price perception, promotion, product quality, lifestyle, and brand image on the interest in buying Vespa Matic LX in people in Tegal City. The research approach uses quantitative methods with survey techniques. The study population is the people of Tegal City who use or own a Vespa Matic LX, and because the population is unknown, the sample determination uses the Lemeshow formula so that 100 respondents were obtained. Data analysis included instrument tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regressions with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The results showed that all variables—price perception, promotion, product quality, lifestyle, and brand image—had a positive and significant effect on purchase interest. These findings confirm that the management of the right marketing strategy in terms of price, promotion, quality, lifestyle, and brand image can increase consumer interest in the Vespa Matic LX. This research provides important implications for companies in formulating marketing strategies that are more effective and oriented to consumer needs.

Anxiety is an emotional response to uncertainty or threats that cause feelings of anxiety, worry, excessive tension, which are continuous and can interfere with the patient's process of action and healing, therefore it is necessary to have good and correct therapeutic communication, to build a relationship of mutual trust, empathy, support and help the patient in problem solving. This study aims to identify the Relationship between Nurse Therapeutic Communication and Anxiety Level in Preoperative Patients at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. The research design uses correlational with a cross sectional approach, purposive sampling technique with a sample of 64 respondents. The instruments used were the nurse therapeutic communication questionnaire and the anxiety questionnaire. The results of the study showed that the majority of therapeutic communication among nurses in the inpatient room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan was in the good category as many as 34 respondents (53.1%), and the level of anxiety of preoperative patients was majority in the medium category as many as 30 respondents (46.9%). The spearman rank statistical test on SPSS obtained a P-Value = 0.000 which means that there is a relationship between the therapeutic communication of nurses and the level of patient anxiety at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. It is expected that the nurses in Pauline's room will further improve therapeutic communication to pre-operative patients.

Obesity among adolescents is a growing health problem in Indonesia, especially among adolescents aged 6-12 years, which was 19.7% in 2023. Unhealthy eating patterns and lack of physical activity are the main factors that can influence the incidence of obesity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between eating patterns, physical activity, and the incidence of obesity among adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Abuki. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study consisted of 82 adolescent students. The sample used in this study consisted of 41 people selected using simple random sampling. The data were obtained from direct interviews in the field using questionnaires and measurements, and the measurement results were processed using SPSS 25 For Windows. The data were then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square statistical test. Based on the results of the chi-square statistical test on the eating pattern variable, a p-value of 0.000 was obtained, which is less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Meanwhile, the results of the chi-square statistical test on the physical activity variable obtained a p-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Unhealthy eating patterns and lack of physical activity are the main risk factors for obesity among adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Abuki. This study suggests the need for intervention in the form of health education to improve

This study aims to examine the influence of brand image, location, and price on customers’ purchase intention at the USD Bundle thrifting store in Kediri. This research employed a quantitative approach using purposive sampling, involving 152 respondents who were active customers of USD Bundle. Data were analyzed through classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-test, and F-test using SPSS 25. The results indicate that brand image, location, and price each have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. Simultaneously, these variables also show a positive and significant impact, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.954, meaning that 95.4% of the variation in purchase intention is explained by brand image, location, and price. These findings highlight that a strong brand image, strategic location, and competitive pricing play essential roles in increasing customer purchase intention in thrifting businesses, particularly within urban environments such as Kediri City.

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.