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This study aims to describe the effect of using the jigsaw cooperative learning model on the writing skills of review texts of class XI MAN 2 Padang City students. This type of research is quantitative with experimental methods. The research design used was The Posttest Only Control Group Design. The study population was class XI MAN 2 Padang City using a purposive sampling technique for sampling. The selected sample consists of two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The data in this study were scores of students' review text writing skills in class XI MAN 2 Padang City using the jigsaw cooperative learning model and conventional learning models. The research instrument is a performance test. Based on the results of data management, it shows that the average value of students using the jigsaw cooperative learning model is 85.42 while the average value of students using the conventional method is 73.50. The results of the hypothesis test show that tcount > ttable (6.09 > 1.68). Thus, it shows that the jigsaw type cooperative learning model is better than using conventional methods.

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing legal protection for consumers for skincare products without a marketing authorization that are sold online. This study uses normative juridical research methods, namely using data collection techniques through library research or using secondary data. Among them are official documents, books, research results, in the form of reports. In this study, it was concluded that consumers who have experienced losses as a result of skincare products without marketing authorization can take legal action through the courts or outside the courts. However, this legal protection is still underutilized by consumers in the event of a problem, so that the UUPK becomes less effective, because compensation is given within seven days after the transaction. If this provision is maintained, it will be difficult for consumers who experience losses to obtain protection. This is because the negative effects of using skincare can occur after seven days.

Transparent solid soap, namely soap in the form of a bar with a transparent appearance, the resulting foam on the skin is softer. Saffron has been used as a food ingredient, treatment, and traditional medicine since ancient times. The content of saffron is like saponins which can be used in making transparent soap. This study aims to formulate a transparent soap from saffron essence as a skin protecting property. This research includes the manufacture of saffron extract, manufacture of transparent soap and transparent soap test parameters including organoleptic test, pH test, foam stability test, water content test and preference test by respondents. Based on research results, saffron extract can be formulated into transparent solid soap preparations that meet the requirements for water content in accordance with SNI, namely for F0 9.12 ± 0.56, FI 8.6 ± 0.42, F2 8.6 ± 0.43, F3 8.6±0.93. For the results of the foam height test, it was found that the foam results were quite stable. For the results of the irritation test, it can be concluded that soap preparations containing saffron essence are safe to use because they do not show any side effects after use.

There are still many challenges in the world of education in Indonesia, so that the goals of education have not been fully realized. one of the problems in Indonesian education is that learning outcomes at the elementary and secondary school levels are very minimal due to an imbalance in the effectiveness of learning and learning in the classroom. In 2019, the average teacher competency score (UKG) was 57 out of 100, with a teacher pedagogical average of 49.34 and a teacher professional average. The low literacy and competence of teachers is a benchmark for the success of education in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between a teacher's pedagogical competence and students' cultural literacy and citizenship abilities through PKN subjects. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative, with the subject being a class V teacher and students at an elementary school in Mojokerto. The results of the study show that there is a relationship and influence between the pedagogical competencies possessed by teachers on the cultural literacy and citizenship abilities of students in PKN subjects. This can be seen from the readiness of the teacher to design and design learning tools, implementing learning in the classroom to evaluating learning.    

This study aims to describe the effect of using Pop Up Book media for Class I UPTD SD Negeri 76 Barru. This type of research is pre-experimental research in the form of pretest and posttest design, namely an experiment that only uses one class as the experimental class. Data collection techniques in this study were reading tests and observations. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive data analysis and inferential data analysis. The subjects in this study were 16 students of class I UPTD SD Negeri 76 Barru. The results showed that there was an influence on the use of Pop Up Book media on the beginning reading ability of the first graders of UPTD SD Negeri 76 Barru. This is evidenced by the acquisition of the average student score, namely the average pretest score of 50 before the application of the use of Pop Up Book media, while the posttest average score of students after the application of the use of Pop Up Book media was 72.5. The results of the hypothesis testing carried out obtained tcount = 9.32 and ttable = 3.073. So tcount > ttable or 9.32 ˃ 3, 073, then H0 is rejected, HI is accepted.

Social media has become an important part of modern human life and has influenced various aspects of life, including religion. In the context of the Christian faith, social media can be used as a medium for teaching and spreading religious messages. The purpose of this research is to explore the effectiveness of social media as a medium for teaching Christian faith. This research was conducted by surveying social media users who follow Christian accounts and are active in participating in online religious activities. Respondents were given a questionnaire to assess their experience in using social media as a medium for teaching Christian faith, including the type of content they liked and their level of involvement in online religious activities. The results of this study indicate that social media can be effective as a medium for teaching Christian faith. Respondents indicated that they had high levels of involvement in online religious activities and that they preferred to obtain religious information and teaching through social media rather than traditional sources such as books or seminars. The types of content most liked by respondents were quotes from the Bible, teaching videos, and personal religious experiences. However, this research also shows that the effectiveness of social media as a medium for teaching Christian faith can be influenced by various factors, such as the quality of the content and the user's trust in information sources. Therefore, there needs to be continuous monitoring and evaluation of content posted on social media so that the religious messages conveyed can be well received by social media users.

An education system without functioning education management or management is unlikely to be able to foster school growth. Management procedures must be implemented systematically and dynamically in the National Education System. The principal as a manager with executive and leadership functions needs to align his internal capabilities in responding to the pressing needs of his environment. Managerial is a process or framework that involves guiding or directing a group of people towards organizational goals or real purposes. For the sake of achieving a successful institution in the realm of education, of course, it is very much determined by the quality of the teacher's performance guided by the Principal. Specifically, this research is intended to explore, analyze and obtain data on planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the managerial implementation of school principals in improving the quality of teacher performance at Masagi Islamic Middle School, Sukabumi Regency. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subject is the principal of the school. The results of the research, namely: (1) Planning has been carried out in accordance with applicable guidelines, (2) Organizing is carried out in a balanced manner by prioritizing performance, competence and rank order, (3) Implementation of managerial competencies by seeking effective learning, (4) Evaluation school principals in improving teacher performance by carrying out monitoring and evaluation of each activity that has been carried out, making reports on program implementation and following up on evaluation results. The obstacles faced in efforts to improve teacher performance professionally include the problem of limited human resources in implementing teacher professional capacity building.

This article was written to explain the influence of the CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) cooperative learning model on the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman. The research data is the score of the objective test results before using this type of cooperative learning model with the score after getting treatment using this learning model. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that there are three results that become findings, namely as follows. First, the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts before using the cooperative learning model type CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman are in the "Enough" qualification (C) with an average of 66.19. Second, the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts after using the cooperative learning model type CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman are in the "Good" qualification (B) with an average of 80.58. Third, there is a significant influence on the use of the CIRC type cooperative learning model on the reading comprehension skills of persuasive texts for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of exchange rate, deposit and bi rate on profitability with credit as a mediating variable. The population in this study is all monthly data from the exchange rate, BI rate, deposits, credit and profitability (ROA) of conventional commercial banks in Indonesia. The sampling method is purposive sampling with the criteria used being the closest (up to date) period by taking available data from January 2011 to December 2021. The results of hypothesis testing show that hypothesis 1 (H1) that the exchange rate has a negative effect on credit is not proven and cannot be interpreted. Hypothesis 2 (H2) that deposits have a positive effect on credit is proven and can be interpreted that an increase in the amount of deposits will increase the amount of credit. Hypothesis 3 (H3) that the BI rate has a negative effect on credit is proven and can be interpreted that an increase will reduce the amount of credit. Hypothesis 5 (H5) that the exchange rate has a negative effect on profitability is proven and can be interpreted that an increase in the exchange rate will reduce ROA. Hypothesis 6 (H6) that the BI rate has a negative effect on ROA is not proven and cannot be interpreted. The hypothesis (H7) that exchange rates have an effect on ROA with credit as a mediating variable is not proven. Because the results of the hypothesis testing are not significant, there is no mediating effect. The hypothesis (H8) that the BI rate has an effect on ROA with credit as a mediating variable is proven, resulting in a mediating effect and it can be interpreted that an increase in the BI rate will decrease ROA.

The purpose of this study was to find out about the effect of facilities, service quality, and location on service user satisfaction at the Customs and Excise Service Office of the Middle Type Tanjung Emas Semarang. The population used is all service users of the Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office (KPPBC) of the Tanjung Emas Middle Type Customs Office, Semarang. which amounted to infinity. Determination of this sample using accidental sampling technique. The number of samples used in this study were 40 service users. This research data analysis tool uses multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that facilities have a positive effect on service user satisfaction. This is indicated by the calculated t value that is greater than t table, namely 3.092> 1.688, with a sig. of 0.000 <0.05 (significant). Service quality has a positive effect on service user satisfaction. This is with a calculated t value of 3.913 > 1.688, with a sig. of 0.000 <0.05 (significant). Location has a positive effect on service user satisfaction. This is indicated by the t-value which is negative, namely 7.396> 1.688, with a sig. of 0.000 <0.05 (significant).  

This study aims to examine the effect of liquidity measured by the current ratio (CR), and firm size measured by the natural logarithm (Ln) of total assets against financial performance in companies in the otomotiver from 2017- 2021. The method of determining the sample used was purposive sampling. The sample used was 13 companies. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis consisting of chow test, hausman test, using Eviews 9.0 software. Partially liquidity (CR) had did not a significant effect on financial performance (ROA). Whereas company size (Ln Total Assets) have negative a significant effect on financial performance (ROA).

Education plays an important role in all aspects of human life. Education is the most effective tool to improve the quality of individuals to be more productive. Competition between formal educational institutions, especially at the Vocational High School (SMK) level, so that schools compete to improve the quality and quality of education to attract attention and seize market share and offer the services provided. Therefore, schools must design strong marketing strategies in order to make students interested and satisfied with the services provided. Several aspects that affect student satisfaction such as education costs, location and quality of service. This study aims to determine and analyze which factors are the most dominant influencing student satisfaction among education costs, location and service quality. The population in this study were 855 students at SMK PAB 2 Helvetia. With the Slovin formula, the number of samples obtained is 86 students of SMK PAB 2 Helvetia. Data were taken by distributing questionnaires to students which were then measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used Multiple Linear Regression. This study uses SPSS 20 as data processing. The results showed that simultaneously the cost of education, location and service quality had a significant positive effect on student satisfaction. While partially the cost of education, location and service quality have a significant positive effect on student satisfaction.    

Knowledge is one of the human links to perfection. The human tendency to crave makes him always move forward to become better from time to time. One of the enthusiastic actions of humans is illustrated by the development of technology and information that makes work easier. Learning at SDN Durman 049 is still conventional learning that is less interesting or less effective when in the current state of online learning. Ar food application was created to facilitate and be an alternative in learning at SDN Durman 049 especially for grade IV. AR food is an androd based Augmented ReaIity technology app that contains food in English. Android operating system devices are the most widely used devices today. AR food is proven to help learn English for grade IV in online conditions like this, in addition to adding alternatives in learning AR food increases the effectiveness of online learning. AR food displays 3D English food by scanning the marker using the camera and a 3D object of English food will appear above the marker.

The purpose of this study was to determine the management of Business Centers in Vocational High Schools (2) the effectiveness of the role of Business Centers as entrepreneurship learning units in Vocational High Schools, (3) Empowerment of Business Centers as a means of fostering entrepreneurial characteristics in students. The method used in this research is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by collecting and analyzing journals related to keywords. Based on the literature study conducted, it was found that the Management of Vocational High School Business Centers has an average of 3 sections. The first part is the photocopy room, used for the practical activities of students majoring in Office Administration and Sharia Banking, the second part is the production room, used for the practical activities of the marketing department, the third is the entrepreneurship room, used for students majoring in Marketing, but students majoring in Office Administration, Accounting, Banking Syariah is also actively involved in the management of the Business Center in the entrepreneurship space. (2) The role of the Business Center as an entrepreneurship learning unit in Vocational High Schools is very good as can be seen from the increasing enthusiasm of students in participating in entrepreneurship learning, with the Business Center students have a place to practice entrepreneurship theory that has been taught by the teacher. In addition, students become tenacious, creative and active in doing entrepreneurial assignments given by the teacher. (3) Empowerment of the Business Center as a means of cultivating entrepreneurial characteristics for students has gone well, it can be seen from some students, most of the students have been able to read business opportunities, and can manage sales finances. Thus it can foster the characteristics of an entrepreneurial spirit in students.

Engorgement of the breast are a condition that is prone to occur for mothers with IUFD. This is because the milk is not completely emptied, but left alone, causing the milk to remain inside and the breasts to swell. Nursing Intervention Combination of Cold Cabbage Compresses and Breast Bandaging is an effort to reduce breast discomfort and swelling in women with IUFD. The research method uses case studies with pre-post intervention. The sample of this study was 1 post IUFD mother on the first day. The measuring instrument used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to measure pain scale and the Six Point Engorgement Scale (SPES) Check List to measure the scale of breast swelling experienced in post partum mothers with IUFD. The combination intervention of Cold Cabbage Compresses and Breast Bandaging was carried out for 3 days when the patient was hospitalized 2-3 times/day and observations were made to find out complaints of pain and swelling in the mother's breasts. The results showed a decrease in the level of pain scale (from scale 4 (moderate) to scale 0 (no pain) and breast swelling scale (from scale 5 to scale 1 (breasts felt soft)) in respondents after 3 days of intervention. Conclusions Combination Compresses Cold Cabbage and Breast Bandaging are effective for reducing breast discomfort and swelling in women with IUFD.

Anemia in pregnancy is a condition where the hemoglobin level is less than 11.0 g/dl. Anemia in pregnant women can harm the mother and fetus during pregnancy. Mothers with anemic pregnancies need good knowledge to meet nutritional needs during pregnancy. Pregnant women with good knowledge about pregnancy nutrition as an effort to prevent and complications from anemia with pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to describe the effectiveness of providing health education using a booklet about nutritional needs on the level of knowledge in women with anemic pregnancies. This research method uses a case study approach with a sample of this study is 1 pregnant woman with anemia. The measurement instrument used the Nutrition Needs Knowledge Questionnaire in Pregnant Women, with pre-post intervention. Intervention of implementing health education through booklet media about the nutritional needs of women with anemic pregnancies for 3 days with a duration of 10-15 minutes. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge about nutritional needs in mothers with anemic pregnancies by 40.53%, with an average pretest score of 61.67% to 86.67% in the posttest. Conclusion: Health education through booklet media about the nutritional needs of mothers with anemia is effective in increasing knowledge of pregnant mother.

A notary is a public official who aims to serve the public in the field of legal services in making authentic deeds by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2004. This goal can be achieved if human resource management provides job descriptions and specifications to achieve employee work effectiveness one of which is the Notary Office of Ebony Kiki Haga, S.H., M.Kn, which requires employee work effectiveness in service activities. In this case, the administrative staff is the most important role related to the effectiveness of the notary's office. Work effectiveness has not been achieved properly because there is no defined job description and specifications, so there is often a miscommunication regarding the division of work. This research method uses descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using field methods (observation), interview methods, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses qualitative analysis, namely by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions, then testing the credibility of the data using the triangulation method. The result of this research is that the work effectiveness of administrative staff has met 3 (three) indicators of work effectiveness, after doing job analysis with the results being able to apply job descriptions and specifications for administrative staff.

This research is motivated by the importance of implementing an effective and fun creative active learning model in class X SMK N 1 Ampek Angkek. Various questions are raised with learning that is still far from the criteria of being active, creative, effective, and fun. This can also be seen from the learning which is still centered on the teacher and students are still busy listening to the lesson. Then the teacher also does not optimize the potential that exists in students. The type of research used is Quasi Experimental Design. The population in this study were class X students of SMK N 1 Ampek Angkek for the 2020/2021 Academic Year. Sampling was carried out using the Nonprobability Sampling technique, namely by taking non-random samples. The first sample consisted of 25 students in the experimental class using the PAKEM model and the second sample consisted of 23 students in the control class using the conventional learning model. The research data was obtained by giving student responses as many as 22 items that have been tested. Based on the results obtained from the mean of the experimental class is 71.76 and the control class is 71.52. The results of the hypothesis using the t-test at a significance level of 0.05 obtained a Sig (2-tailed) of 0.041. So that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because 0.041 <0.05. This shows that there is a significant difference between the application of effective and fun creative active learning models in information technology and computer subjects with conventional learning models.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emotional intelligence and learning interest on the level of understanding of accounting. This study uses primary data which includes questions in the form of a questionnaire that is measured using a Likert scale. The research sample is 133 students who had completed introductory accounting courses. The results showed that emotional intelligence had an effect of 64,4% on students understanding of accounting and learning interest had an effect of 72,2% on students understanding of accounting, simultaneously emotional intelligence and student learning interest had a positive and significant impact on the level of accounting of faculty students economics study program of management and accounting at Pasim National University.    

Archiving is a process or activity that starts from creation, receipt, collection, regulation, control, maintenance, care, and storage as well as evaluation according to a certain predetermined system. As time goes by and also the many activities that have been carried out at PT Pelindo IV (Persero) Balikpapan Branch, more and more archives have been created. The purpose of this study was to find out the causes of archive management and to find out the efforts made in overcoming obstacles to archive management in the HR and general division at PT Pelindo IV (Persero) Balikpapan Branch. The type of research used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach in which data is collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results, several things can be improved for more efficiency and effectiveness in archiving 1) What can be improved is the system currently used. Pelindo IV (Persero) Balikpapan Branch, namely the system regarding this is quite good, it's just that in recovering it is still difficult to find because letters are in other classification sections such as payment archives in the information system classification. 2) Tools and equipment used in managing archives are wooden and glass cabinets. The arrangement is still disorganized because the order folders are just piled up. The archive storage space is too small so many archives accumulate and cannot be put in the cupboard. 3) There are still many archives whose duration of archive destruction is too long, considering the number of incoming documents or document production is quite high and quite a lot because archives that are old and no longer needed will be destroyed within a yearly period.