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Reading comprehension is a crucial skill in learning English, particularly at the Islamic high school level. Students at this stage are often exposed to lengthy texts, yet they still encounter difficulties in fully understanding the content. This challenge may stem from limited use of interactive learning media and the predominant reliance on traditional media, such as monotonous paper-based worksheets that are less engaging. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of paper worksheets versus Liveworksheet in enhancing reading comprehension among Islamic senior high school students. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with two classes: an experimental group and a control group. Data collection involved pre-tests and post-tests using Islamic-themed reading materials. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25 for Windows, employing paired sample t-tests and effect size calculations to assess the impact of the treatments. Results indicated that the mean post-test score for the experimental group (92.47) exceeded that of the control group (73.63), with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). This suggests that Liveworksheet is more effective than traditional paper worksheets in improving reading comprehension. The effect size, measured using Eta Squared (η² = 0.869), showed a substantial medium effect of using Liveworksheet on students' reading skills. These findings demonstrate that Liveworksheet can effectively enhance reading comprehension and serve as a valuable alternative media for reading instruction.

Literature is born from the human desire to express their existence, which is closely related to the relationship between individuals and with the reality of life. A literary work contains specific intentions and purposes set by the author. Therefore, all aspects of a literary work originate from the author, who plays a crucial role in generating creative ideas that are expressed through their writings.In line with technological advancements, literature has also undergone transformation. One of the indicators of this progress is the emergence of intersemiotic transfer or adaptation, namely the process of changing the medium through which a literary work is presented, such as from text to audiovisual or film. In this context, the researcher examines the adaptation process from novel to film as the object of study.The object of this research is the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, which was later adapted into a film by director Baz Luhrmann, released in 2013 under the same title. The novel portrays the life of the American upper class during the 1920s, an era often referred to as the Roaring Twenties.This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. Qualitative research aims to describe and analyze social phenomena and activities found in the research object. The data were collected through reading, observing, and note-taking techniques, involving both the novel and the film script. In total, the researcher collected 12 data points from the analysis of the novel and its film adaptation.

The purpose of this study is to describe, analyze, and examine the feminism contained in the anthology of the short story "Perempuan dan Perempuan" by Bagus Satria. The data source for this research is the short story Anthology of ”Perempuan dan Perempuan” by Bagus Satria. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The research data is liberal feminism in the anthology of the short story “Perempuan dan Perempuan” by Bagus Satria. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data used are texts related to aspects of feminism in the short story Anthology of ”Perempuan dan Perempuan”. Data analysis techniques (1) read the entire contents of the short story, (2) mark and record the quotations on the short story, (3) classify the findings, (4) analyze the findings according to the research problem, (5) the last step is concluded. The results of the research show that there is feminism in the short story “Perempuan dan Perempuan” by Bagus Satria.

Osamu Dazai’s No Longer Human is one of the most devastating Japanese literature that portrays the inner turmoil of human beings in a very emotional way. The main character, Oba Yozo, is characterized by alienation, despair and identity crisis. This study is meant to identify the types of emotional expressions that appear in the original text and trace the translation techniques used in the two translated versions. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a comparative approach utilizing Molina & Albir’s translation technique theory and Nababan’s translation accuracy indicators. The analysis results show that Keene tends to use literal and amplification translation techniques to preserve the psychological depth of the characters, while Hanafi is more frequently employs modulation and reduction techniques with the aims of simplifying the language style. Some quotations also highlight differences in accuracy levels that impact the conveyance of emotions to readers. The conclusion of this study affirms that translation techniques not only influence sentence structure but also determine how readers interpret the internal conflicts of characters and the atmosphere of the story in the target text

Flying fish (Hirundichthys oxycephlus) roe filaments, which are often considered as by-products, have high protein content and various essential nutrients, thus potentially increasing the nutritional value of food products. With innovation and in-depth research, this waste can be transformed into products with economic value while supporting the implementation of sustainability principles in the fisheries industry, in this case sauce as a flavoring that has become an important part of the food industry. This study aims to determine the quality of the texture and taste of chili sauce fortified with fly fish (Hirundichthys oxycephlus) roe filament extract and to determine the protein content and water content of chili sauce enriched with fly fish (Hirundichthys oxycephlus) roe filament extract. The methodology used in this study was Complete Random Design (CRD) with variations in filament powder concentration (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the sensory characteristics of chili sauce, which include aroma, color, taste, and texture. The results of organoleptic tests showed that the addition of fly fish (Hirundichthys oxycephlus) egg filament extract had a significant positive impact on all sensory parameters tested. The average aroma score increased from 2.88 in the non-enriched treatment to 3.90 at the highest filament powder concentration (1.5%). In addition, the taste score also showed the most striking increase, from 2.80 to 4.33. Analysis of the water content of the chili sauce product was recorded at 79.93% according to (SNI 01-2976-2006), while the protein content reached 10.53%, indicating the potential of this product as an additional source of protein in daily consumption patterns.

Mung beans and moringa leaves are food ingredients rich in energy and protein. These ingredients can be utilized by substituting mung bean flour and adding moringa leaves in the production of sapik cake. This study aims to determine the effect of mung bean flour substitution and moringa leaf addition on the acceptability (color, aroma, texture, and taste) and nutritional content of sapik cake as an alternative high-energy, high-protein snack. This research employed a true experimental design with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The formulations consisted of mung bean flour at 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g, combined with moringa leaves at 5 g and 7 g, resulting in four different formulas. Data collection used a hedonic test on a 1–6 scale with 30 semi-trained panelists. Data analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney post hoc test. The results showed significant effects on aroma, texture, and taste. The best formulation was H1K1, containing 10 g mung bean flour and 5 g moringa leaves. Its nutritional content per 100 g included 362.13 kcal energy, 15.76 g protein, 48.98 g carbohydrates, and 7.47 g fat.

Folklore is a story that develops in the community and is spread orally that has a moral message. Legend is part of folklore that tells the history of a place. There are several legends in an area, in the Central Java area of ​​Kudus City there is one Legend, namely the Bulusan Legend. This research is a Qualitative study with a descriptive narrative type and content analysis method. This study aims to analyze the social values ​​in the book "Cerita Rakyat Pesisir Timur" by Mohammad Kanzunuddin about the Bulusan Legend. The qualitative approach technique provides an explanation of the hidden meaning in the legend text in depth and contextually. The data used are written facts in the form of books and journal articles. The results of the social value of the Bulusan legend, namely the story of the curse of Mbah Dudo and his students who turned into bulus show noble life values. The analysis reveals various moral teachings that are useful as social values ​​such as loyalty, cooperation, and common interests embedded in this legend.

This article discusses the poem “Sajak Suara” by Wiji Thukul through a structural approach that emphasizes the analysis of intrinsic elements of the text, such as diction, imagery, figurative language, typography, and the poem’s inner structure. This poem was chosen because it contains a strong ideological message related to the struggle against oppression and the silencing of freedom of expression, particularly in the context of the New Order regime. The analysis shows that the poem’s formal structure both in form and content, actively reinforces the spirit of resistance and freedom. The use of direct diction, rhetorical language, and free typography reflects an expression of tension and determination. Thus, the structural approach is able to reveal how the poem’s form itself becomes a crucial instrument in conveying socio-political messages. This study is expected to broaden appreciation of poetry as a medium of critique and collective awareness.

Arabic literature experienced a significant thematic transformation from the Umayyad to the Abbasid period. In the Umayyad era, poetry was still rooted in classical qasidah, focusing on praise, tribal pride, and romantic ideals. However, the Abbasid era brought a wave of literary renewal, influenced by sociopolitical and cultural shifts. This study explores how these contexts shaped literary themes and styles, using a descriptive qualitative approach through library research and textual analysis. It focuses on works by Al-Farazdaq, Al-Akhtal, Jarir, Abu Nawas, Abu al-Atahiyah, Dibil al-Khuza’i, and Al-Jahiz. The findings reveal that poetry in the Abbasid era became a tool for social criticism, spiritual reflection, and personal expression. Meanwhile, Al-Jahiz significantly advanced Arabic prose, making it more intellectual and educational. This study concludes that Arabic literature evolved not only in form and content, but also in function, reflecting the intellectual and cultural dynamism of Islamic civilization. Keywords: Abbasid; Arabic literature; New Poets; Transformation; Umayyad

This study aims to analyze the suspected violation of advertising ethics by Almaz Fried Chicken through the claim “Saudi Chicken No.1 in Indonesia” on the Instagram platform. The claim was repeatedly published without valid supporting evidence, such as surveys, awards, or credible data sources. This research adopts a qualitative approach using a case study method and content analysis technique on the visual and textual content of Almaz Fried Chicken’s official Instagram posts. The results show that the superlative claim does not comply with the Indonesian Advertising Ethics Code, which requires substantiation for superiority claims. Advertising visuals—such as color schemes, typography, and cultural symbols—were used to reinforce the impression of authenticity and superiority, but lacked verifiable basis. The study concludes that the claim used by Almaz Fried Chicken violates the principles of honesty, truthfulness, and responsibility in marketing communication, and potentially misleads consumers while creating unfair competition in the digital marketplace.

The aims of this research are to know: 1) the application of field trip method in teaching writing descriptive text 2) the students’ writing descriptive text effect before and after using field trip method 3) Whether there is a significant effect of field trip method on students’ writing descriptive text effect at the eleven grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kutacane. This research uses experimental method with the pre-experimental design by using one-group pretest and posttest design. The population of this research is all of the eleven grade students’ of SMA Negeri 1 Kutacane which consist of 212 students. Sample are XI IPA core 2 which consist of 34 students which taken by purposive sampling. In collecting the data the researchers uses observation sheet and test as an instrument. The results of this research are: 1) the effect of field trip method is 3.8, it is categorized “very good” 2) the mean score of students writing descriptive text effect is 55 it is categorized “fail”. Meanwhile, after using field trip method is 76,91 it is categorized “good”. 3) There is a significant effect of using field trip method on students’ writing descriptive text effect at the eleven grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kutacane. The result of data analysis shows that ttest is higher than ttable (ttest25.18 > ttable2.52). So, the hypothesis is accepted. It means that, there is a significant effect of field trip method on students’ writing descriptive text effect at the eleven grade of SMA Negeri 1 Kutacane in 2022/2023 Academic Year.

This study deals with the use picture and picture teaching method in reading comprehension narrative text class VIII SMP Swasta Darul Istiqomah Academic Year 2022/2023. Its objective is to find out whether the use picture and picture teaching method has a significance effect in reading comprehension narrative text. Population used in this study of class VIII were 49 and samples used in this study were 49 students. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a one group as pretest and posttest design .This study was carried on using quantitate method. The data was analysed by using t-test.The researcher found the pretest mean = 54,49 , deviation standard = 6,14 and experienced an increase in the posttest mean = 77,75 deviation standart = 3,53. From this analysis, writer found that guided picture and picture method has significane in teaching reading comprehension narrative text. It can be proved by the result of the analysis showed that “

Grammar is a component of English that must be learned by every English learner. An English learner can be said to be competent if they are able to write and speak English with proper grammar.Grammar mastery is very important in writing skill, it can help the students to produce good sentence. In writing text, students usually make a lot of grammatical errors in their writing. Grammatical error is anything where a sentence is structure incorrectly. In this research the reseacher doing a research about “Grammatical Error Analysis In Writing Narrative Texts ( The Case Of Study At The X Grade Of Sma Negeri Gunung Meriah Academic Year 2023/2024”. This research use descriptive qualitative reserch method and use descriptive analysis technique (percentage) with the percentage of information frequency and divided by the number of cases as a technique analysis data. Researchers took class X-IPS consisting of 29 students as a source of data in this study. Based on the research data obtained, researcher found that, from 29 students in class X-IPS, 13 (44.82%) students made errors in sentence patterns, 3 (10.34%) students made errors in the tenses section, 7 (24, 13%) of students made errors in writing pronouns, 18 (62.06%) students made mistakes in writing capital letters, 2 (6.89%) students made errors in writing or placing prepositions, and as many as 9 (31.06%) ) students make errors in spelling. Based on the data obtained, the most common grammatical errors or grammatical errors are found in capitalization, namely 62.06% and sentence patterns, namely 44.82%.

This research aims to determine the improving writing descriptive texts using picture in Class X at SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Sigala-gala in the academic year 2023/2024. The population of this study consists of all 198 students in Class X, with a sample size of 30 students. The research method employed is an experimental method with a one-group pretest and posttest design, and data analysis using the "t" test. The initial test results show that students had an average score of 50.33, categorized as less satisfactory, with a standard deviation of 6.82. There was an improvement in the final test scores, with an average score of 76.83, categorized as good, and a standard deviation of 2.85. Based on the initial and final test results, and considering the passing grade (KKM) for English in high school is 75, students' ability in writing descriptive texts is classified as good. The hypothesis testing yields a t-value of 14.1, compared with the t-table value at a 5% significance level (1.706). As a result, the hypothesis is accepted (14.1 > 1.706). In conclusion, there is an improving the student writing descriptive texts using picture in Class X at SMA Negeri 1 Lawe Sigala-gala in the academic year 2023/2024.

This article aims to analyze the relevance of Article 34 Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia which regulates state protection for the poor and neglected children, and its relation to the concept of leadership from an Islamic perspective. This study compares the legal provisions with the Hadith narrated by Bukhari which emphasizes the responsibility of leaders towards those they lead. The method used is qualitative analysis with a comparative approach to legal texts and related literature sources. The results of the study show that both Article 34 Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the Hadith have similarities in emphasizing the importance of social responsibility towards underprivileged citizens, as well as describing the role of each individual as a leader in their social capacity.

Arabic language instruction has traditionally centered on classical Islamic texts, emphasizing rote memorization, mastery of grammar (naḥw), and rhetorical eloquence (balāghah), which, while preserving linguistic authenticity, often fail to meet the evolving educational demands of the 21st century. In an age marked by rapid technological advancement and shifting pedagogical paradigms, there is a critical need to reform Arabic teaching by integrating traditional methods with digital tools and interdisciplinary approaches. This study adopts a qualitative, literature-based methodology to explore both the foundational principles of classical pedagogy and recent innovations, including learning management systems, gamification, and AI-enhanced learning technologies. Through comparative analysis, the research identifies key disjunctions and overlaps between heritage-based teaching and modern digital practices. From this synthesis, the study proposes a reconstructed pedagogical model built on four core elements: cognitive-linguistic scaffolding, digital integration, sociocultural contextualization, and multidisciplinary instruction. This integrative approach not only fosters greater student engagement but also promotes character development in line with the objectives of Islamic education (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah). Furthermore, it supports a more adaptive and culturally responsive learning environment, contributing to broader educational reform efforts aimed at holistic learning. The findings suggest that such a model is particularly well-suited to Islamic higher education contexts while also being adaptable to global academic systems. By bridging the gap between tradition and innovation, this framework offers both a theoretical and practical foundation for modernizing Arabic language pedagogy. It holds implications for curriculum development, instructional strategies, and educational policy, advocating for a future-oriented yet culturally rooted approach to language education that respects heritage while embracing necessary transformation.

Teaching German as a foreign language in Indonesia requires the integration of linguistic and cultural aspects to develop students’ intercultural competence. Textbooks play a significant role in representing culture, yet most language learning materials tend to portray culture superficially and selectively. This study aims to analyze the representation of cultural elements in the textbook Deutsch echt einfach A1.1 für Jugendliche using a qualitative descriptive approach and content analysis method. Data were obtained from the book’s textual and visual content, analyzed through the lens of Dweik et al.’s (2015) twelve cultural elements framework. The findings reveal that elements such as food and beverages, social behavior, and family relationships are the most frequently represented. In contrast, deeper cultural elements such as history, politics, religion, ecology, and economy are scarcely present. These results indicate that the textbook focuses primarily on surface-level culture and does not fully support the development of students’ intercultural competence. The implication is that teachers and curriculum developers need to supplement textbooks with more critical, holistic, and contextually relevant cultural materials to enhance foreign language learning.

This study aims to examine the Enuma Elish as a cultural background for the creation narrative in the Book of Genesis within the context of the Ancient Near East. The research employs a library-based method with a descriptive-comparative approach and a rational, critical analysis of various scholarly perspectives on the relationship between Babylonian mythology and the biblical narrative. The findings indicate several thematic parallels between the Enuma Elish and the creation narrative in Genesis, particularly in their depictions of the primordial condition of the cosmos and the origin of the world. However, comparative analysis reveals fundamental theological differences between the two texts. The Enuma Elish portrays the creation of the world through conflicts among gods within a polytheistic belief system, whereas the Book of Genesis affirms that the world was created by the one sovereign God through His word in an orderly manner. This distinction is also evident in the understanding of humanity, which in Genesis is presented as created in the image of God (imago Dei). Therefore, the thematic similarities between the two texts are more appropriately understood as reflections of a shared cultural context in the Ancient Near East rather than as evidence of direct dependence of the Genesis narrative on Babylonian mythology.

This research was conducted at the Foreign Language Laboratory of the Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Medan, with the aim of developing a student worksheet (LKPD) for learning the topic "Guten Tag" for Grade XI students in the first semester. The worksheet was designed based on the ADDIE development model, which consists of five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data for this research were sourced from the textbook Netzwerk Neu A1, specifically from pages 8–17, which cover the subtopics: greetings and farewells, introducing oneself and others, and asking about and responding to well-being. The developed worksheet was evaluated by a content expert and a media expert. The content expert assigned a score of 87.5, which falls into the “good” category, while the media expert assigned a score of 92.8, categorized as “very good”. The worksheet was also implemented and evaluated with a group of ten students from MAN 1 Medan, yielding an average score of 86.95, indicating it is “very suitable”. These findings suggest that the worksheet is appropriate for supporting A1-level German language instruction and can serve as an alternative teaching material for enhancing vocabulary, grammar understanding, and communicative competence in contextually relevant situations.

This study examines the implementation of the Sigalovada Sutta as a form of ancestral devotion within the Nyadran Dauwang tradition practiced by the Buddhist community in Depok Hamlet, Java. Grounded in the understanding that religion and culture are deeply intertwined, the research aims to explore how Buddhist doctrinal values are actualized through local communal rituals and how these practices contribute to social cohesion, environmental stewardship, and cultural continuity. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with religious leaders, elders, and community members, and analysis of ritual documentation. Triangulation of methods and sources was applied to enhance the credibility and depth of interpretation. The findings reveal that Nyadran Dauwang consists of four interrelated components: communal cleaning of irrigation canals (Susuk Wangang), ritual journeys accompanied by offerings and food sharing, interfaith prayer gatherings, and Wayang Kulit performances. These practices embody key Buddhist values such as spiritual friendship, loving-kindness, compassion, ethical reciprocity, and collective merit-making, as articulated in the Sigalovada Sutta. The tradition also reinforces respect for ancestors, strengthens intergenerational bonds, promotes ecological awareness, and fosters harmony in a pluralistic religious setting. Rather than functioning as a rigid doctrinal text, the Sigalovada Sutta operates as a living ethical framework that guides communal life through culturally resonant forms. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that Nyadran Dauwang represents a contextualized enactment of Buddhist ethics that integrates religious teachings with local cultural heritage. This integration offers an important model for Buddhist religious education, cultural preservation, and community-based approaches to social and environmental sustainability.