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This article analyzes the challenges and solutions surrounding funding for Early Childhood Education (ECE) institutions in Indonesia, with a particular focus on the high dependence on parental fees and the limited availability of external support. ECE plays a crucial role in supporting children’s development during their early years; however, many institutions struggle with financial instability due to inadequate and inconsistent funding sources. This study uses a literature review approach by synthesizing relevant books, journal articles, government regulations, and institutional reports to provide a comprehensive understanding of the funding landscape. Findings show that most ECE institutions rely heavily on parental contributions, causing financial vulnerability, limiting program development, and reducing access for low-income families. Government assistance through the Operational Education Assistance (BOP) remains insufficient and often delayed. Meanwhile, collaborations with the private sector, CSR programs, and community-based support are still minimal. Financial challenges negatively affect institutions’ ability to provide adequate facilities, ensure teacher welfare, and implement holistic-integrative learning programs. The study suggests several solutions, including strengthening financial management capacity, applying participatory budgeting, diversifying funding sources, and initiating creative economic programs such as school bazaars and community partnerships. These strategies are expected to improve sustainability and enhance the quality of ECE services in Indonesia.

This research is motivated by problems related to obstacles in the ability to master English vocabulary, in which children find it very difficult to memorize English words, the accuracy of pronouncing English vocabulary delivered by the teacher, especially when memorizing vocabulary with more than one syllable as well as the presence of errors or inaccuracies in pronunciation and in answering the intended meaning during English learning activities. The reality found in the field shows that the children’s English vocabulary ability has not yet demonstrated significant success. Out of a total of 12 students, only 4 children have the expected level of ability. The purpose of this study is to describe efforts to improve children’s English vocabulary using the singing method. The benefits of this research include improving students’ English vocabulary skills, encouraging teachers to become more creative and innovative, and contributing to school quality improvement. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) with two cycles, and each cycle consists of two meetings. The research was conducted at PAUD An-Nur located in East Pontianak. The improvement actions implemented showed satisfactory results. In Cycle I, children’s ability to pronounce English vocabulary reached 33%, which was still below the Minimum Mastery Criterion (MMC) of 70%. Furthermore, in Cycle II, the results reached 83%, which was already above the MMC. It can be concluded that the singing method is effective in improving children’s English vocabulary.

This study aims to analyze the principal's strategy in utilizing Education Report Card data as a basis for planning school quality improvement at the Sanrangan Elementary School Technical Implementation Unit (UPT SD Inpres), Pallangga District, Gowa Regency, and to describe the principal's strategy in implementing academic supervision and teacher mentoring to improve the achievement of Education Report Card indicators at the UPT SD Inpres Sanrangan , Pallangga District, Gowa Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research subjects include the principal, 3 lower grade teachers, and 3 upper grade teachers. Data collection techniques are carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Data analysis is carried out systematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions with data validity tests using source and technique triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the principal's strategy in utilizing Education Report Card data is carried out through collaborative analysis of school achievement indicators with teachers, setting improvement priorities based on the school's real needs, and integrating the analysis results into school quality improvement program planning. In addition, the principal's strategy in implementing academic supervision and teacher mentoring is implemented in a planned and sustainable manner by referring to Education Report Card indicators that still need to be improved. Coaching-based supervision, providing constructive feedback, and mentoring in improving learning planning and implementation have been proven to contribute positively to improving teacher competency and have an impact on improving the achievement of Education Report Card indicators at the UPT SD Inpres Sanrangan, Pallangga District, Gowa Regency.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Maxim online motorcycle taxi services for students of MAN 4 Pekanbaru City in meeting their daily mobility needs. The location of MAN 4 Pekanbaru City on Jalan Yos Sudarso, one of the routes with a fairly high intensity of large vehicle activity, demands the availability of transportation services that can provide certainty of time, comfort, and safety for students. In this context, the existence of online motorcycle taxis is a relevant transportation alternative in today's digital era. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the aim of describing in depth the experiences, perceptions, and assessments of students' assessments of the quality of Maxim online motorcycle taxi services. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews with several students of MAN 4 Pekanbaru City who actively use the service in their daily activities, especially for going to and from school. The results of the study indicate that Maxim online motorcycle taxi services are considered quite effective in supporting student mobility, especially in terms of ease of access, time efficiency, and relatively affordable costs compared to other modes of transportation. In addition, the use of digital-based applications provides ease in ordering and transparency of fares. However, the aspects of safety and comfort remain a primary concern for students. Therefore, it is recommended that students use official online motorcycle taxi (ojek) applications to minimize the risk of fraud and other undesirable incidents. Overall, the Maxim online motorcycle taxi service serves as a transportation solution that supports students' mobility needs in urban environments.

Family environments play a crucial role in shaping students’ learning processes, particularly at the primary education level. This study aims to examine the effect of the family environment on learning attention and the fulfillment of learning facilities and infrastructure among Grade VI students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Centre Pattallassang. Using a quantitative associative approach with an ex post facto design, data were collected from 85 students through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression, and canonical correlation analysis. The results indicate that the family environment has a positive and significant effect on learning attention (B = 0.631, p < 0.001) and on the fulfillment of learning facilities and infrastructure (B = 0.723, p < 0.001). The family environment explains 42.1% of the variance in learning attention and 48.6% of the variance in the fulfillment of learning facilities. Canonical correlation analysis further reveals a strong simultaneous relationship between the family environment and the combined outcomes of learning attention and learning facilities. These findings highlight the central role of the family as a key educational microsystem that supports both cognitive–affective engagement and material learning conditions. The study underscores the importance of strengthening school–family collaboration and family-based support strategies to enhance learning quality in primary education.  

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Find Someone Who cooperative learning model in increasing fifth-grade students' learning interest in science. The implementation of this model provides an active and enjoyable learning experience through questioning, movement, and discussion activities that enable students to engage in meaningful social interactions. This involvement makes students more enthusiastic about participating in learning and helps them understand concepts better. In addition, the Find Someone Who model encourages collaborative knowledge construction, so students can build conceptual understanding through cooperation and communication. Increasing student interest and participation is one of the important factors that encourages improving the quality of the science learning process in the classroom. This study examines the contribution of the Find Someone Who cooperative learning model to improving fifth-grade students' interest and learning outcomes in science. The results showed an increase in learning completion from 54% in cycle I to 92% in cycle II, which was influenced by collaborative activities that helped students build a more structured understanding of concepts. Through social interaction, information exchange, and cooperation during learning, students were able to strengthen their understanding and develop communication skills. Although its implementation requires good time management and clear instructions, this model still has a positive influence when applied in a targeted and consistent manner. These findings indicate that collaborative learning through the Find Someone Who approach can enrich the science learning process in elementary schools.

This study aims to thoroughly examine the triadic relationship among the Internalization of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah Values, the Pedagogic Competence of Ustadz/Ustadzah, and the Academic Supervision by the Kyai at the Salafi Sunanul Huda Islamic Boarding School in Sukabumi Regency. The research urgency is based on the vital role of the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) as a fortress of moderate ideology and the existence of a research gap that has not holistically integrated these three variables within the specific Salafi-Nahdliyyah context of the locus. The Aswaja An-Nahdliyah values central to the internalization process include Tawasuth (moderation), Tasamuh (tolerance), I'tidal (justice/firmness), Tawazun (balance), and Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar (enjoining good and forbidding wrong). This internalization is carried out through the formal curriculum (teaching Kitab Kuning using the Sorogan and Bandongan methods) and the non-curricular aspects (Kyai/Ustadz role-modeling and pesantren living values). The study utilizes a qualitative approach with a Case Study design. Data collection employs Method Triangulation involving In-depth Interviews (Kyai, Ustadz, Students), Limited Participatory Observation (learning processes and cultural activities), and Document Study (Lesson Plans, curriculum, and supervision reports). Data analysis employs the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (Data Condensation, Data Display, and Conclusion Drawing). The research findings are expected to formulate the Integrated Model of Triguna Santri in Aswaja An-Nahdliyah Internalization, which synergizes traditional pesantren methods with culture-based quality assurance. Practically, these findings will provide blueprints for quality assurance (Cultural-Authoritative Academic Supervision) and recommendations for pedagogical strategies for Ustadz/Ustadzah to enhance the transfer of values from the cognitive level to the affective and behavioral domains. This model is expected to become a benchmark for developing educator competence and strengthening religious moderation in similar pesantren.

Arts and Culture learning at the junior high school level requires learning media that can integrate various branches of art in an integrated, contextual, and meaningful manner. One alternative that can be implemented is the integration of craft learning media with dance. This study aims to examine the implementation of the use of craft learning media integrated with dance in Arts and Culture learning at the junior high school level. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with the research location in one junior high school. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results of the study indicate that the application of craft learning media combined with dance, such as making simple dance props and costumes, can increase students' learning motivation, creativity, and understanding of the relationship between the branches of art. The integration of learning media also provides a more contextual and meaningful learning experience. The findings of this study indicate that the development of integrated learning media needs to be continuously optimized to improve the quality of Arts and Culture learning.                         

School management quality is a vital factor in determining the success of the educational process, yet current efforts often appear partial and sub-optimal due to shortcomings in planning, supervision, and human resource development. This library research, employing a descriptive analytical method and systematic literature review through academic databases, aimed to analyze the crucial role of educational leadership in enhancing school management quality. The findings indicate that the core tasks of educational leadership encompass strategic planning, resource management, academic supervision, and integrated decision-making, all of which are fundamental for quality-oriented school governance. Effective leadership is characterized by vision, strong communication, adaptability, and a deep commitment to professional development. The study concludes that the success of improving school management quality is highly dependent on the principal’s ability to execute leadership tasks that are visionary, professional, strategic, and sustainable. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that principals consistently enhance their managerial and supervision competencies and cultivate a school culture that is professional and oriented towards continuous quality improvement.  

This study aims to strengthen the role of students' contributions in improving their understanding of Social Studies (IPS) subjects at SMP Negeri 4 Takalar using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. The method used in this study is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a qualitative approach that combines observation, interviews, and initial and final exams to assess the effectiveness of teaching. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the PBL method is successful in improving students' activeness and critical thinking skills in understanding the IPS material, despite challenges such as adaptation to the service and limitations in learning media. The evaluation of this service program emphasizes the importance of good cooperation between universities and schools as well as continuous support for students so that the service provided can provide an optimal impact on improving the quality of education and developing students' interpersonal skills. These findings contribute to the development of active learning strategies that facilitate improving the quality of education at the junior high school level.

The improvement of Islamic elementary education quality largely depends on the competence of teachers as the primary agents of learning. In the context of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), the challenges of globalization and the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum demand teachers to develop professionally, innovatively, and with strong Islamic values. This study aims to analyze the integration of transformational leadership and organizational culture in enhancing the quality of teachers’ human resources in MI. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed at three Islamic elementary schools in Central Java. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model with source and method triangulation for validation. The findings reveal that transformational leadership practiced by school principals plays a crucial role in building teachers’ motivation, commitment, and change orientation through exemplary behavior, inspiration, and empowerment. Meanwhile, an organizational culture rooted in Islamic values strengthens collaboration, professionalism, and shared responsibility among teachers. The integration of these two elements creates a synergistic effect that enhances teachers’ pedagogical, professional, and spiritual competencies. It can be concluded that transformational leadership combined with a strong organizational culture serves as an effective strategy to sustainably improve teacher quality in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah..

School administration is a fundamental component in ensuring effective and high-quality education in elementary schools. This study aims to describe the concept of effective school administration, the essential administrative components that must be designed and managed, and the factors influencing its success in supporting educational quality improvement. A qualitative approach was employed, focusing on naturally occurring administrative processes within elementary educational institutions. Data were obtained through literature review on the management of curriculum, students, educational staff, finance, facilities, and school–community relations. The findings indicate that effective school administration must be carried out systematically through core management functions, including planning, organizing, implementing, and monitoring. The success of school administration is strongly influenced by the leadership of the principal, the competence of teachers and staff, the utilization of information technology, accountable financial management, adequate facilities, and community participation. Therefore, strengthening school administration becomes a key strategy in creating an orderly, efficient, and student-oriented educational process to improve learning quality in elementary schools.

Banyoneng Laok Village, Geger District, Bangkalan Regency, has great potential to be improved both in the human resources and natural resources sectors, in the human resources sector, many village residents have received education up to high school level and even college, while in the natural resources sector, the majority of residents earn a living as farmers and livestock breeders, but when the dry season arrives they experience difficulties both as farmers and as livestock breeders in meeting their daily needs so that some residents have to choose to migrate out of town or even abroad. The purpose of this community service is to provide education and practice in making pavin and fermenting animal feed to overcome these problems. The method used in this service is participatory action research (PAR) for a full month at the service partner of Banyoneng Laok Village, Geger District, Bangkalan Regency, by directly engaging with the local community. The results of this service are that the community can make their own faving and become a side income and also the community can process animal feed to be more durable and of high quality by fermentation in order to meet the need for animal feed during the dry season.

Banyoneng Laok Village, Geger District, Bangkalan Regency, has great potential to be improved both in the human resources and natural resources sectors, in the human resources sector, many village residents have received education up to high school level and even college, while in the natural resources sector, the majority of residents earn a living as farmers and livestock breeders, but when the dry season arrives they experience difficulties both as farmers and as livestock breeders in meeting their daily needs so that some residents have to choose to migrate out of town or even abroad. The purpose of this community service is to provide education and practice in making pavin and fermenting animal feed to overcome these problems. The method used in this service is participatory action research (PAR) for a full month at the service partner of Banyoneng Laok Village, Geger District, Bangkalan Regency, by directly engaging with the local community. The results of this service are that the community can make their own faving and become a side income and also the community can process animal feed to be more durable and of high quality by fermentation in order to meet the need for animal feed during the dry season.

This training supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). The community service activity follows the UNJ Community Service Strategic Plan (PPM Renstra) 2021–2025, focusing on education and environmental initiatives. A needs analysis conducted at SMAN 1 Muara Gembong, particularly in the school canteen, revealed that many food items sold lacked attention to health and hygiene, and did not optimize local food products. Based on this, training on personal hygiene education for the school community is needed to support school entrepreneurship programs. The training uses a practical approach integrated with digital technology through poster creation. Results showed that participants increased their awareness of health and hygiene, which improved the quality of their entrepreneurial products. The training included material on personal hygiene in entrepreneurship, with educational posters as the output. Evaluation was done using questionnaires, with data analyzed descriptively. Expected outcomes include the publication of an article, mass media exposure, YouTube video, partnership recognition, intellectual property rights registration, educational posters, and a profile of personal hygiene education for the school community in canteen management.

This study aims to analyze the strategy of library management and development in increasing reading interest in SMAN 3 Medan and identify factors that influence students' reading interest. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that library management and development at SMA N 3 Medan play a crucial role in increasing students' reading interest. The strategies implemented include the procurement of a varied book collection that is relevant to students' needs, improving the quality of library services, and creating a comfortable and conducive environment for reading. In addition, the library also acts as a center for literacy activities by holding various programs such as book discussions, interactive reading corners, and digital literacy training. This study also found that students' reading interest at SMA N 3 Medan was influenced by various factors, including the school environment, availability of library facilities, students' intrinsic motivation, family support, and social and cultural influences. Supportive school environmental factors, such as proactive school policies in improving literacy and the role of teachers in encouraging students to read, also contributed to increasing reading interest.

This study is motivated by the importance of implementing School-Based Management (SBM) as a decentralization strategy in education to enhance management effectiveness and improve the quality of learning in public elementary schools. Many schools still face challenges such as low teacher performance, limited community participation, and weak transparency and accountability in educational management. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of SBM principles in improving teacher performance and the quality of learning at the elementary school level. The research method employed is qualitative with a descriptive approach, based on a literature review drawn from various scholarly journals, books, and official documents relevant to SBM, teacher performance, and learning quality. The results show that SBM plays a crucial role in strengthening school autonomy, increasing stakeholder participation, and fostering transparent and accountable management systems. Through democratic school leadership and a collaborative work culture, SBM enhances teacher professionalism and encourages innovation in the learning process. Therefore, SBM proves to be an effective approach to achieving sustainable improvement in the quality of elementary education.

Educational evaluation is crucial for assessing student success and the effectiveness of educational programs. Formative and summative evaluations have distinct objectives. Formative evaluation focuses on the ongoing learning process, while summative evaluation aims to assess the final learning outcomes. The Scriven model combines both types of evaluation to improve student learning outcomes. This article discusses the application of the Scriven model to improve Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning outcomes at Ngrukeman Elementary School, Bantul. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluation in shaping students' character, developing their thinking, and enhancing social awareness. Educational evaluation aims to assess not only cognitive aspects but also affective and psychomotor aspects. With effective evaluation, teachers can identify students' strengths and weaknesses and design better learning. This contributes to improved student achievement and the overall quality of education. In this way, educational evaluation becomes a highly effective tool for improving and optimizing the learning process, ultimately supporting the achievement of comprehensive educational goals.

This study aims to analyze the role of Internal Quality Assurance (IQA) in creating and maintaining excellent schools. IQA is a systematic mechanism designed to ensure that all educational processes operate according to established quality standards while serving as a means for continuous evaluation and improvement. This research employs a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing secondary sources such as books, scientific journals, government regulations, and relevant previous studies. The findings indicate that IQA plays a strategic role in building an education system oriented toward quality and accountability. Through the implementation of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, schools are able to establish measurable quality standards, control learning processes, and conduct continuous evaluations of educational outcomes. The implementation of IQA also fosters a culture of quality that encourages collective awareness among all school members regarding the importance of continuous improvement. However, IQA implementation still faces several challenges, including limited competent human resources, lack of leadership commitment, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and resistance to change. A case study at SMP Negeri 2 Tarutung reveals that the success of IQA is determined by visionary leadership, stakeholder support, and the use of data-based quality information systems. Therefore, IQA functions not only as a supervisory tool but also as a managerial strategy for achieving holistic and sustainable educational quality improvement

This study aims to apply the Discovery Learning model in teaching the solar system in grade VI at SDN Patrang 02 Elementary School in Jember Regency. This model was chosen to overcome learning problems that are still teacher-centered and do not provide opportunities for students to think critically and discover concepts independently. Through this approach, it is hoped that students can be more active, creative, and understand the concept of the solar system more deeply through a direct discovery process. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with a participatory strategy. Activities were carried out through the stages of planning, implementation of learning, observation, and reflection with teachers and students. Data were collected through observation of learning activities, interviews with teachers, and documentation during the learning process. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to describe the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning application in improving the quality of learning.The results of the study indicate that the application of Discovery Learning can increase student active participation, critical thinking skills, and understanding of the solar system concept. Teachers also experienced an increase in their ability to design and implement student-centered learning. In addition, this activity encourages the formation of a collaborative learning culture and the growth of teacher leadership in learning innovation in elementary schools.