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In developing an independent curriculum in Indonesia, one of them cannot be separated from the role of philosophy of science, which in curriculum development is the spirit or foundation of education which must be evaluated, studied periodically, innovative and dynamic following changing times, such as the philosophical Ki Hajar Dewantara who stated that education is appropriate. the nature of nature and the nature of the times, meaning that education develops according to the times. Of course, all the changes and developments that occur in the educational curriculum cannot be separated from the results of several studies on how the implementation of this independent curriculum can overcome learning loss, the effects of the Covid pandemic plus the global challenges of change from era 4.0 to Society 5.0, which has the impact that today's generation needs. have the ability to think critically, creatively and innovatively. In the independent curriculum, it can be seen that the superiority of its characteristics is that the material is simpler and more in-depth and there is a significant reduction in material. The materials presented are limited to essential material. Reducing material provides an opportunity for students to explore the material more comprehensively. Next is more independence, which means that in an independent curriculum, students are given more freedom to choose the subjects they are interested in according to their interests, talents, potential and aspirations. Meanwhile, teachers can teach according to the stages of student achievement and development. So it is more relevant and interactive. Students are guided to be able to collaborate, work together to form groups to identify problems that are becoming issues to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students, namely faith and devotion to God Almighty and noble character, global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. The essence of this independent curriculum is independent learning. This aims to enable students to explore their respective interests, potential and talents.

The aim of this community service is to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to be able to create attractive and professional brochures using the Adobe Photoshop application. The method used was SCL (Student Centered Learning) face to face/directly at the Al Munadi High School location for 20 Al Munadi High School students. As a result of the training in making brochures using Adobe Photoshop, the students understood and were able to make brochures as expected.

Kemampuan literasi yang dimiliki seseorang perlu dikembangkan sejak dini. Siswa sekolah dasar merupakan fase dalam menanamkan pondasi dasar yang nantinya akan dijadikan sebagai kebiasaan ketika dewasa nanti. Salah satu pondasi dasar yang perlu ditanamkan pada siswa sekolah dasar adalah kemapuan literasi. Banyaknya informasi yang beredar saat ini dan akan lebih banyak dimasa depan, membutuhkan kempuan literasi yang baik. Pada kegiatan ini dilakukan implementasi teknologi QR-Code untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Badung. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti oleh siswa sekolah dasar. Materi yang diperkenalkan pada kegiatan ini adalah pengenalan hewan yang ada disekitar siswa untuk mata pelajaran IPAS. Siswa melakukan pemindaian pada Papan QR-Code, yang selanjutnya diarahkan ke website pengenalan hewan baik dalam bentuk teks, gambar, dan video untuk memenuhi gaya belajar siswa. Hal implementasi menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu menggunakan Papan QR-Code secara mandiri baik melakukan pemindaian, akses website, dan membaca informasi baik berupa teks, gambar, maupun video.

The study aims to find out what the ideal church service is like for Sunday school children. The research method used is the study of libraries, interview approaches and observation of the ministry of several churches for Sunday schoolchildren. Through a number of literacy, observation and interviews with a number of Sunday school teachers, it is known that the problem of ministry to Sunday school largely arises from the church itself where many weaknesses lie in the Pastor and Assembly who are still less serious about improving the ministry of PAK to children in the church. Some suggestions to address the problem are: 1). Priests should facilitate teaching, provide week school curriculum and actively engage in serving Sunday school worship. 2). The Church needs to include a special budget for the increase in Sunday School Teacher’s HR. 3). The Church needs to periodically evaluate the Sunday school service. 4). The Church needs to work on service facilities ranging from child-friendly specialty spaces. 5). The Church needs to engage members of the congregation who have pedagogic and theological competencies to support Sunday school service. 6). Even in limitations, Sunday school teachers need to update their knowledge and skills in varying the teaching methods of week schoolchildren.

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of regional tax revenues and regional retribution on local origional income with population as a moderation variable in the Lamongan Regency Government in 2015-2022. This research is included in quantitative research with the type of data used, namely secondary data obtained from the Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) of East Java Province Representative and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) of Lamongan Regency. The population in this study is all reports containing the types of regional taxes, regional retribution, local original income and population of Lamongan Regency for 2015-2022 totalling 334 data. The sampling technique is purposive sampling with the final number of samples used which is 240 data. The data analysis method used is descriptive data analysis with the help of SmartPLS statistical tools. The results of this study show that regional taxes and regional retribution have a positive and significant effect on local original income, population is able to moderate the relationship of regional taxes to local original income with weak categories, and population is able to moderate the relationship of regional retribution to local original income with strong categories.

In a residential neighborhood, there are often significant differences in the level of welfare between one neighbor and another. Several factors such as income, employment, access to public services, and available facilities can contribute to social disparities between them. Planning a housing complex with various types of houses. In a complex there are several families who have very good economic conditions and are able to meet their living needs quite comfortably. However, on the other hand, there are also other families who experience financial difficulties and are unable to meet their basic needs.    

Based on the scientific consensus, ghosts are not a scientifically valid concept. Their existence cannot be explained. Even though it has been investigated for centuries, there is not a single piece of scientific evidence that shows that a place can be inhabited by the spirits of the dead. In Islam there is no such thing as a ghost, Islam calls them jinn, devils and demons. Of the many types of ghosts, the one most feared by people is the ghost of the dead. Some ordinary people think that ghosts are the spirits of dead people who wander around, especially curious dead people whose spirits are trapped in the natural world. The fact that ghosts are the incarnations of dead people cannot be justified. Islam does not reject the existence of spirits, in fact supernatural matters such as the existence of spirits must be believed because the Pillars of Faith themselves consist of supernatural things that must be believed in.

This article or writing aims to find out "business feasibility analysis for Ngonah Noodle". The problem focuses on various aspects in measuring how feasible this ngonah noodle business is to be implemented. As is known, the city of Bandung is a city that has the nickname "culinary paradise". This is what underlies the habits of its people who really like culinary delights. The large number of MSMEs in the city of Bandung, especially in the food sector, makes the city of Bandung a destination for people outside the city for culinary delights. One of the culinary delights that is currently popular and sought after by many people is spicy noodles. Ngonah Mie UMK is an UMK that makes and innovates products from spicy noodles. This MSME not only produces processed spicy noodles but also various other types of food or snacks such as aci meatballs and dumplings. Ngonah Noodles UMKM has a good structure and system in all aspects that support its business. Even though it was founded not long ago, this ngonah noodle business is actually able to compete with competitors who sell similar products.

The utilization of coal as a fossil fuel causes several ecological problems, as for the consequences of the coal combustion process, namely pollution and emissions. Combustion of high sulfur coal produces sulfur dioxide gas (SO2). This sulfur dioxide (SO2) will become H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) which can directly or indirectly disrupt human life, such as causing acid rain, causing tightness in the respiratory tract and causing corrosion and shortening the life of factory equipment. To reduce SO2 gas, a reduction in sulfur content is carried out before combustion which is called desulfurization. This research was conducted using the leaching method with variations in leaching agent and solution concentration. Leaching agents used in this study are NaOH and HCl. The coal to be desulfurized is coal from PT Anugerah Krida Utama with an initial total sulfur content of 4,05% adb. 10 grams of coal with a size of 0,212 mm was leached with 250 ml of chemical solution using a hot plate stirrer at 80˚C and 250 rpm for 1 hour. The results showed that the optimum condition for leaching agent NaOH occurred at a concentration of 8 M showing the initial total sulfur content of 4,05% adb decreased to 1,69% adb with a maximum percentage decrease of 58,27% and at leaching agent HCl the optimum condition occurred at a concentration of 1 M showing the initial total sulfur content of 4,05% adb decreased to 2,91% adb with a maximum percentage decrease of 28,14%.    

This article aims to analyze the Methods, Models, and Approaches to Evaluation in Islamic education. The research employs a literature review method, gathering data from relevant books, journals, and scholarly articles. Content analysis is used to classify the data, and evaluation is conducted to summarize and explain the findings. In the field of Islamic education evaluation, the evaluation models used encompass several approaches outlined by experts. These models include the Goal Oriented Evaluation Model, Goal Free Evaluation Model, Formative Summative Evaluation Model, and Countenance Evaluation Model. Additionally, evaluation methods in Islamic education involve both test and non-test techniques, with tests categorized into diagnostic tests, formative tests, and summative tests. Non-test techniques include rating scales, questionnaires, matching lists, interviews, observations, and life histories. The article also explains the approach to Islamic education evaluation from a learning perspective, covering formative evaluation, summative evaluation, and placement evaluation. This approach refers to the viewpoint on the evaluation process and provides a theoretical foundation for the implementation of appropriate evaluation methods.

Indonesia as an archipelagic country has very high resources in the fisheries and marine sectors, where these resources become weapons in improving the welfare of the people in particular and become capital in national development patterns. However, poverty is still an icon for fishermen. The income of fishing fishermen can be said to be different from other types of business because the fishing business is uncertain, where the income fluctuates and speculates, which can lead to the growth of poverty. The aim to be achieved in this research is to reveal and analyze things that influence the income of capture fisheries fishermen. Meanwhile, the author took the explanatory descriptive method as the research method. Data collection came from 100 fishermen respondents with discussion of fishermen's profiles in the form of age, education, family responsibilities, experience and length of time at sea.

Hypertension is known to be a major health problem throughout the world that causes various life-threatening heart diseases. Department of Health Household Survey on Health shows that hypertension is ranked first as the most common degenerative disease. The phenomenon found in the working area of the Tiban Baru Community Health Center, Batam City in 2021 was as many as 150 people. This research was conducted to determine the effect of Slow Deep Breathing Therapy on reducing blood pressure in hypertension patients in the Tiban Baru Health Center work area, Batam City in 2021. The research method was Quasy Experimental Design, with pretest-posttest with control group. The sample consisted of 30 respondents consisting of 15 intervention group respondents and 15 control group respondents who suffered from hypertension in the Tiban Baru Community Health Center Work Area, Batam City in 2021, with a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Data were processed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study showed that the systolic blood pressure of the intervention group before treatment was 165.67 mmHg and diastole 94.73 mmHg and the systolic blood pressure of the intervention group after treatment was 155.33 mmHg and diastole 88.00 mmHg. Based on the characteristics of the respondents, it was found that the majority were >45 years old (80%), and the largest gender (73.3%) was female. The research results showed a p-value of 0.002 (<0.05). It was concluded that there was an effect of slow deep breathing on reducing blood pressure. It is hoped that hypertension sufferers can apply slow deep breathing therapy to lower blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension.

The prevalence of gout in Indonesia is the fourth largest country in the world whose population suffers from gout. 35% of gout occurs in men over the age of 45 years. Joint disease in those aged 55-64 years is 45%. Age 65-74 years 51.9%. Age ≥ 75 years 54.8%. The incidence of joint disease based on diagnosis by health workers in Indonesia is 7.3 and based on diagnosis or symptoms 24.7% (RISKESDAS, 2018). This type of research is quantitative using a quasi-experimental research method with pre-test and post-test with control methods. The population of all elderly people suffering from gout who underwent examination and treatment in the Batu Aji Health Center UPT area, namely 140 people as of April 2021. The number of samples in this study was 30 people, divided into 15 elderly people in the experimental group and 15 elderly people in the experimental group. Control. Based on the results of research and data processing that has been carried out by researchers, regarding the effect of boiling bay leaf water on reducing uric acid levels in the elderly in the Batu Aji Health Center UPT area, Batam City in 2021 with a total of 30 respondents, consisting of 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups . The research carried out not only provides conclusions but also provides suggestions to various parties to help improve health and prevent complications in gout patients.

Immunization is an effort to actively create/increase a person's immunity against a particular disease, so that if one day they are exposed to that disease they will not get sick or will only experience mild illness. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge about immunization and providing complete basic immunization to babies at the Penanggalan Community Health Center, Penanggalan District, Subulussalam City. Quantitative design using cross sectional. The population in this study were mothers who had children or babies aged 10-12 months, namely 40 respondents. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate analysis. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge about immunization and the provision of complete basic immunization to babies at the Penanggalan Public Health Center, Penanggalan District, Subulussalam City in 2023. Suggestions are given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding complete basic immunization in babies.

Perimenopause is a transitional phase between premenopause and postmenopause. This phase is characterized by an irregular menstrual cycle with prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding and relatively large amounts of menstrual blood, sometimes accompanied by menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea). In certain women, vasomotor complaints and complaints of premenstrual syndrome have arisen (Baziat, Ali. 2020). The most common complaints include vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats, insomnia, fatigue and palpitations.

Insomnia is one of the main disorders in initiating and maintaining sleep among the elderly. Insomnia is defined as a complaint about a lack of quality sleep caused by one of the reasons why it is difficult to get into sleep, frequent awakenings at night and then difficulty getting back to sleep, waking up too early, and not sleeping well. The poor quality of sleep in the elderly is caused by increased sleep latency, reduced sleep efficiency and early awakening due to the aging process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on insomnia in the elderly in posbindu, patikraja village. This type of research is one group pretest-posttest with pre-experimental. The sample size used in this study was 19 respondents. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. The statistical test used in this study was the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with 0.05. The results of this study note that there are differences before and after being given progressive muscle relaxation therapy. The results of the analysis of the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test obtained a p value of 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on changes in insomnia in the elderly in Posbindu, Patikraja Village.

This research aims to find out: analyze whether there is an influence of career guidance on the career stability of Class XII students at Private Vocational School I Bandung. This type of research is quantitative quasi-experiment (quasi-experiment) with pre-test and post-test one group design. The subjects of this research were 32 students in class XII of Private Vocational School I Bandung. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The data for this research was taken using a self-confidence questionnaire with 30 valid and realistic questions, then the data was analyzed using the SPSS test. Pre-test data to overcome feelings of lack of self-confidence obtained an average score of 2.045. Meanwhile, post test data on self-confidence obtained an average score of 3.875. This means that the average score of students after receiving group guidance services for career stability is higher than before receiving career guidance services for stability. From data analysis it is obtained that Fcount = 15 with a = 0.05 while Ftable = 4. From these data it can be seen that Fcount > Ftable where 15>4. This means that the hypothesis is accepted. The influence of career guidance on student career stability by contributing 33.4% to increasing the career stability of Class XII students at Private Vocational School I Bandung. This shows that there is an influence given or the hypothesis can be accepted.

Contraceptive use is one of the variables that influences fertility. Contraception can be interpreted as an action that helps married couples to avoid unwanted pregnancies, get the birth they really want, regulate the interval between pregnancies, control the timing of pregnancy and relate to the age of husband and wife and determine the number of children in the family (Hasliana, 2020) Program targets KB is a couple of childbearing age (PUS) which is more focused on the group of women of childbearing age (WUS) who are in the age range of 20-35 years. Family planning services are carried out through the use or use of contraception (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2015). Based on the comparison of the Chi-Square Calculation with the Chi-Square table, the results of the analysis obtained a Chi-Square Calculation of 47.0 while it is known that the Chi-Square Table value for α = 5% (0.05), db = 1 is 3,481. Because the Chi-Square Square Count > Chi-Square Table then Ho is rejected. From the analysis results, it is known that the Asymp.Sig value is 0.005, where this value is smaller than the value of α = 5% (0.05). Thus it was decided to reject Ho. This means that the conclusion is that there is a relationship between the use of implant contraception and weight gain in family planning acceptors at the Pardamean Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City in 2023. Based on the initial survey conducted at the Pera clinic, there were 10 mothers who used contraceptive implants, of these 10 people, 6 people experienced weight gain and 4 people did not experience weight gain, so from here the researchers were interested in taking the title "Relationship with Use "Contraceptive Implant with Weight Gain in Women of Childbearing Age at the Pardamean Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City in 2023."

Family planning is an action that helps individuals or married couples to achieve certain objectives to avoid unwanted births, regulate the interval between pregnancies, control the timing and births in the husband and wife relationship and determine the number of children in the family. Family planning is an effort to space out or plan the number and spacing of pregnancies by using contraception (Manuaba, 2009). Contraception is an effort to prevent pregnancy. This effort can be temporary, it can also be permanent. Contraceptive use is one of the variables that influences fertility (Wiknjosastro, 2005). The main objective of the national family planning program is to meet public demand for quality family planning and reproductive health services, reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), as well as overcoming reproductive health problems in order to build quality small families (Arum, 2011) . This research was carried out at the Riska Dewi Art Midwife, Wampu District, Langkat Regency in 2023, which provides quality health services. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that for the educational variable, mothers with elementary school education have no influence on users of non-hormonal contraceptives at a 95% confidence level and can only contribute 1%, mothers with junior high school education also have no influence on users of non-hormonal contraceptives. at a 95% confidence level and can only contribute 41%, while mothers with high school education have no influence on non-hormonal contraceptive users at a 95% confidence level and can only contribute 81%.

Contraception is all kinds of tools or methods used by one party or both parties to avoid or prevent pregnancy (Sety, 2014). Contraceptive methods have developed with all the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Contraceptive methods can be divided into two, namely long-term contraceptive methods (Longterm Contraceptive Method), which include these methods are lUD (Intra Uterine Device) or IUD (Intrauterine Contraceptive Device), Implants, Vasectomy and Tubectomy. Meanwhile, non-long-term methods (Non-Long Contraceptive Method) include injections, pills, vaginal contraception and condoms. Apart from that, there are also natural birth control methods that follow the pregnancy cycle (Susilowati and Prasetyo, 2015). A side effect of hormonal contraception is menstrual disorders. The main side effects of DMPA (Depot Medroxyprogesteron Acetate) contraception and implants are menstrual disorders in the form of amenorrhea, spotting, changes in the cycle, frequency, length of menstruation and the amount of blood lost. The side effects of a contraceptive method are a factor that needs to be considered in determining the decision regarding the continued use of a contraceptive method (Hartanto, 2013). There were 12 respondents (70.6%) of women of childbearing age who used implant-type hormonal contraceptives who experienced menstrual disorders, the average complaint of which was the absence of menstruation for > 3 months (amenorrhea) and 5 respondents (29.4%) who not experiencing menstrual disorders. There were no 1-month injection type hormonal contraceptives who experienced menstrual disorders, while there were 4 people who were disturbed (100%). There were 13 respondents (76.5%) of the 3-month injectable type of hormonal contraception, while 4 respondents (23.5%) did not experience menstrual disorders. Of the 38 respondents who used hormonal contraception who met the requirements, they were analyzed statistically using the Chi Square test which has been carried out, the result was a p value of 0.013 (p<0.05) which indicates that there is a relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and menstrual disorders