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The development of digital technology has brought major changes in various aspects of human life, especially in the fields of education and the world of work. In this modern era, laptops have become one of the essential devices, especially for students who also work. Laptops are not only used to complete academic assignments, but also to support professional work and daily social activities. One of the most popular laptop brands is the Apple MacBook, which is known for its elegant design, high performance, long battery life, and excellence in integration between devices through the Apple ecosystem. In the environment of the University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, MacBooks are increasingly popular among working students because they are considered devices that support high productivity and are valuable long-term investments. This study aims to analyze the influence of lifestyle and reference groups on the decision to purchase Apple laptops (Macbook) among working students. The research method used is a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires online via Google Form. The sampling technique applied is convenience sampling, with a total of 90 respondents who are active students who also work. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that simultaneously Lifestyle and Reference Groups have a positive and significant effect on the Purchase Decision of Apple laptops (Macbook) among students working at the University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya. This finding provides important insights for manufacturers, marketers, and academics in designing more targeted marketing strategies, while also helping students in making rational and appropriate purchasing decisions.  

This final project is a video feature focusing on cabaret as a platform for developing language and artistic expression among its members. The video presents several interviewees as the primary content, offering insights into their experiences. In its creation, the directing process plays a crucial and inseparable role. This video feature applies a directing concept that significantly influences the production process, resulting in a well-structured piece. In general, directing is the process of translating a script into a visual form that aligns with the creative vision. The purpose of this report is to explain the directing concept applied in the making of the video, covering the video feature style, the chosen approach, and the structure of its presentation. The director holds a central role in overseeing all stages of production—pre-production, production, and post-production. The directing style used in this video adopts an expository approach, aiming to convey the story and message through voice-over narration and interviews with key sources. The video feature “Kabaret Bandung: The Art of Speaking, the Language of Creation” successfully implements key directing principles, both in terms of style and approach. The application of these concepts allows the video to be crafted in line with the director's vision and the intended target audience.

The documentary film Breaking Boundaries: Ruang Yang Sama explores the experiences of athletes with disabilities in Bandung Regency as they confront prevailing social stigma. Rather than allowing their physical limitations to hinder them, these athletes turn such conditions into motivation to pursue achievements in sports. This documentary employs a directorial concept that combines expository and observational approaches. The expository method utilizes voice-over narration to present data-based information, while the observational style captures the athletes’ activities naturally, without direct intervention from the filmmaker. The filmmaking process follows three key stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. As the director, the author is responsible for guiding the visual narrative to support the intended message. The documentary applies a three-act narrative structure—introduction, conflict development, and resolution—which contributes to the coherence of the storyline. Through this combination, the film aims to portray the realities faced by disabled athletes and foster greater appreciation for their efforts and accomplishments in sports

This study aims to analyze the role of aesthetics in the drama Sumur Tanpa Dasar by Arifin C. Noer, focusing on the influence of language style and plot on story development. Using a qualitative approach and textual analysis, this research explores how language style shapes character development and expresses inner conflict, while the non-linear plot creates dynamic tension and dramatic conflict. The findings reveal that each character’s distinctive language style enhances characterization and reflects their psychological conditions. Meanwhile, the non-linear plot allows for deeper exploration of conflicts and offers a complex aesthetic experience for the audience.    

Transformational leadership plays an important role in improving organizational performance by creating an inspiring vision, building strong working relationships, and encouraging innovation. This study aims to analyze the impact of transformational leadership on employee performance across various sectors, with a focus on the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) in Maluku Province. The research employs a quantitative approach and is analyzed using statistical methods. The findings show that transformational leadership has a positive impact on employee motivation, engagement, and productivity. Leaders who provide a clear vision, offer emotional support, and encourage innovation have been proven to enhance organizational effectiveness. This study also identifies challenges in implementing transformational leadership, such as resistance to change and resource constraints. Therefore, it is crucial for organizations to develop adaptive and sustainable leadership strategies to optimize employee performance. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for stakeholders in designing more effective leadership policies.

This study aims to describe the dynamics of school leadership at a primary school affected by limited leadership experience and health-related constraints. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and in-depth interviews with several teachers, the findings reveal that the principal adopts a situational leadership style characterized by flexible and delegative practices. The principal places significant trust in senior teachers to carry out daily operational functions and decision-making processes. While this strategy fosters teacher autonomy and ensures the continuity of school activities, it also reveals weaknesses in supervision, quality control, and the symbolic presence of leadership. The lack of direct supervision results in unclear performance evaluations and weak program coordination. The study concludes that the effectiveness of situational leadership relies heavily on the strength of interpersonal relationships among staff and the existence of supportive internal systems. It is recommended that the principal strengthen the management team and establish a more structured communication system to sustain leadership quality and educational standards.

This study aims to identify how the use of leadership styles in the Field of Metrology. The Office of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, Industry and Trade of Nunukan Regency is one of the local government agencies engaged in the field of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, Industry and Trade, including formulating policies based on their scope, implementing policies according to the scope below, and carrying out monitoring, evaluation and reporting according to their scope, carrying out service administration according to their scope and carrying out other functions given by the local government related to their duties and authorities. The Metrology Division is responsible for implementing policies that focus on the implementation of metrology in terms of calibration and recalibration services, metrology supervision and investigation activities, facilities and infrastructure and presentation of data and information in the field of metrology. This study uses a qualitative method using a descriptive approach. This approach aims to explain and describe the problems faced while offering solutions to the issues raised. Data were collected through questions and answers and observations to understand the use of leadership styles in government institutions in the region. This study took five respondents who worked in the Metrology Division. The results of the study showed that 4 (four) types of leadership models were obtained which were used in the Metrology Section, namely directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented leadership, with the participative leadership model as the most dominant.

This study explores leadership psychology within the context of education, focusing on the relationship between leadership styles, psychological empowerment, and organizational performance. Using a literature review method, the findings reveal that leadership styles such as transformational, democratic, and situational have a significant impact on creating a supportive and collaborative work environment. Effective leadership fosters psychological empowerment by enhancing employees' sense of meaning, competence, self-determination, and influence. This, in turn, directly contributes to increased motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance within educational institutions. Therefore, a psychological approach to leadership is a crucial element in building competitive and adaptable educational organizations.

Young people play a very important role in today's political dynamics. In the context of rapid social change and advances in information technology, young people have found new ways to express their opinions and participate in the political process, one of which is through digital activism. Digital activism refers to political involvement carried out by young people by utilizing digital instruments, especially through social media. This research focuses on youth engagement in digital activism and explores the impact of these new movements on social and political change. The methodology used is a qualitative approach by utilizing secondary data from literature studies, while the applied analytical techniques are descriptive and analytical. The results of the study show that there are various forms of digital activism, including online campaigns, petitions, the use of hashtags, and mobilization of movements through social media. Digital activism also has the potential to influence public policy and public perception. However, this movement is also faced with a number of challenges, such as disinformation, propaganda, and technical obstacles such as uneven internet access in various regions. From this research, it is hoped that new insights can be obtained about the dynamics of youth political participation in the digital era, as well as provide recommendations for social activists and policymakers to support the active involvement of the younger generation in the political process.

This research is a quantitative descriptive study with lifestyle and reference groups as independent variables and purchasing decisions as dependent variables. The data collection method used is a questionnaire with a purposive sampling technique to 100 respondents aged 20-37 in Malang who use MS Glow products. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing. The multiple linear regression results show the equation of Y=19.639 + 0.718 X1 + 0. 94 X2 + e. The results of the t-test show that both lifestyle and reference group have a partial effect on purchasing decisions. And has a standard beta coefficient of 0.640 for lifestyle and  0,204 for reference group. The results of the F test show that lifestyle and reference groups have a simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions. The value of a Adjusted R Square (R²) is 0.633. The influence of lifestyle and reference groups on purchasing decisions of MS Glow products is 63.3%, while 36.7% is influenced by other factors not discussed in this study. Based on the research, it can be concluded that lifestyle and reference groups affect purchasing decisions of MS Glow products in Malang City. It is hoped that MS Glow can reach a wider community environment so that it can be accepted by all groups such as parents, not only teenagers to fulfill consumer lifestyles Besides, it is also hoped that MS Glow maintains the influence of reference groups to attract consumers to buy MS Glow products in Malang.

This research was studied in order to describe how the influence of learning types consisting of visual, audiotorial, and kinesthetic learning types on the learning achievement of young students in Bukittinggi. How to collect data in research through questionnaires and documentation. Shiva who is 15-18 years old is the population in this study. There were 100 participants in this study who were selected through the cluster random sampling technique. This hypothesis was tested through linear regression analysis with a gain of 0.07. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between each learning style, namely visual, audiotorial, and kinesthetic learning styles on student learning outcomes in Bukittinggi. This is indicated by the results of the visual learning style determination test with a percentage of 21.37%, 54.70% auditory learning style, and 23.93% kinesthetic learning style.

This study uses a qualitative method to examine the effectiveness of marketing strategies implemented by Islamic banks in attracting young customers. The background of this research is based on the significant growth of the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia, which has not yet fully optimized the potential of the youth market segment. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with marketing managers and young customers, as well as documentation of the promotional strategies employed. The findings reveal that marketing strategies emphasizing Islamic values, service digitalization, and social media campaigns significantly influence young customers’ interest. However, some challenges were also identified, such as low Islamic financial literacy among the youth and limited product innovation tailored to their needs. This study recommends strengthening Islamic financial education, collaborating with youth communities, and developing technology-based products and services so that Islamic banks can be more competitive in attracting young customers. With a more adaptive and communicative approach, Islamic banks have the potential to become the preferred choice for the younger generation in the future.

This research aims to determine the effect of applying the command teaching style on the fundamental breaststroke skills of male students at SMA Negeri 7 Manado. Using an experimental method with a randomized control group pre-test and post-test design, data were collected from 30 students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received treatment using the command teaching style, while the control group followed conventional instruction. The results showed a significant increase in breaststroke skill scores in the experimental group compared to the control group, with a mean gain of 4.00 and 0.46 respectively. Statistical analysis using a t-test revealed that the command teaching style significantly improves basic swimming skills. These findings suggest that the command teaching method is effective for developing movement precision and discipline in physical education, particularly for skill-based learning such as swimming techniques.

Learning styles play an important role in influencing how students receive learning provided by teachers. This study aims to identify students' learning styles during the learning process at the elementary school level. Using a qualitative approach, this study describes and explains the variations in students' learning styles. The results of the study showed that students in grade IV of SDN 19 Nan Sabaris have various learning styles, where 21.43% of students discuss auditory learning styles, 64.29% visual learning styles, and 11.29% kinesthetic learning styles. From these results, it can be concluded that the most dominant learning style is the visual learning style, which shows that students find it easier to understand learning materials through what they see compared to what they hear. Therefore, it is important for teachers to understand students' learning styles in order to determine the right strategies and media in learning activities. In addition, parents are also expected to be able to create a conducive learning environment according to the needs of their children, so that the learning process becomes more effective.

The purpose of the study was to determine the implementation of the Village Head's Leadership Style in Increasing Community Participation in Drainage Infrastructure Development in Ampibabo in Ampibabo Village, Ampibabo District, Parigi Moutong Regency. The type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach; purposive informant determination technique; data collection through observation, interviews, documentation; and data analysis techniques using interactive models, namely data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the Village Head's Leadership Style in Increasing Community Participation in Drainage Infrastructure Development in Ampibabo in Ampibabo Village, Ampibabo District, Parigi Moutong Regency has been implemented but has not been optimal. This can be seen in the instructive and consultative leadership styles, both of which have been implemented well. While the participation and delegation leadership styles have not been implemented as expected. The village head is expected to be able to encourage the community to participate so that drainage development runs quickly and smoothly for the progress of Ampibabo Village development. In addition, village officials (subordinates) can also increase their knowledge through formal and informal education so that the delegation given by the village head can be understood so that the task runs well.

This study aims to: (1) describe employee performance, transformational leadership style, and team collaboration: (2) analyze the influance of transformational leadership style and team collaboration on employee performance both partially and simultaneously. The population of this study comprised 35 employees from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) Office of Sikka Regency. Due to the limited population, acensus or saturated sampling method was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, specifically multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing was conducted using F-test and t-test. Descriptive analysis results indicate that the employee performance variable was categorized as good, the transformational leadership style variable as good, and the team collaboration variable as good. The statistical test results show that partially, the transformational leadership style variable had a positive and significant influance on employee performance. Additionally, the team collaboration variable had a positive and significant influence on employee performance. The F-test results indicate that simultaneously, both transformational leadership style and team collaboration variables significantly influence empployee performance. The determination analysis results indicate that both independent variables in this study explain 37,60% of the variability in the fluctuation of employee performance at the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) Office of Sikka Regency.

This study examines the role of the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Office in developing Manggar Beach as a leading tourist destination in Balikpapan City. Using Pitana and Gayatri's theory on the role of government as a motivator, facilitator, and dynamic, this study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the office has implemented various strategies such as digital promotion, facility development, and stakeholder collaboration with the pentahelix concept. However, there are still challenges in the form of suboptimal facility maintenance, waste management problems, and relatively high entrance ticket prices. The office has responded with initiatives such as cleanliness campaigns, periodic ticket price evaluations, and creative economy development to increase competitiveness. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of the role of local government in developing sustainable tourism for coastal destinations.

This research aims to understand the process of transformation of leadership styles in managing remote teams in startup companies. Changes in the work environment that increasingly rely on remote work systems encourage leaders to adjust their leadership strategies to remain relevant and effective. Using a qualitative approach and explanatory case study methods, this study explores the experiences of several startup managers who led remote teams through in-depth interviews. The results of this study show that managers experience a process of adaptation in leadership practices that tends to lead to a more open, supportive, and flexible style. The leadership style applied is tailored to the characteristics of the team, work dynamics, and challenges that arise in the context of remote work. These findings reveal that the transformation of leadership styles takes place gradually through a process of reflection and direct experience, which is influenced by personal values and team needs. This research is expected to contribute to the understanding of adaptive leadership practices in the context of digital work, especially in the startup company environment.

This research aims to determine the direct and indirect influence of leadership style and work environment on employee performance through work motivation as an intervening variable. This type of research uses quantitative because it leads to measurement methods and samples to test variables and hypotheses. The data sources in this research use primary and secondary data. The sample in the research was 31 CV employees. Timbul Jaya Motor Kediri uses a saturated sampling technique which uses all members of the population as samples. The analysis technique used is the measurement model test or outer model including the discriminant validity test, average and the structural model test or inner model which includes the R-square, Q-square test and hypothesis test.. The results of the research show that Leadership Style (X1), and Work Environment (X2), Work Motivation (Z) have a significant and positive effect directly on Employee Performance (Y) and Leadership Style (X1), and Work Environment (X2) indirectly has a significant and positive effect on Employee Performance (Y) through Work Motivation (Z) as an intervening variable. This research also shows that the coefficient of determination (R2) of employee performance variables has an influence of 88.9% in influencing leadership style and work environment variables while the remaining 11.1% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this research so that further research uses other variables outside this research. In this study, it is implemented that a company's performance factors are influenced and can be improved through leadership style and work environment variables through work motivation.    

This study aims to determine the effect of lecturers' teaching styles on student achievement at Stella Maris University, Sumba. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach through questionnaires and observations. Lecturers' teaching styles are categorized into four types, namely facilitator, demonstrator, delegator, and authoritarian styles. The results of the observation show that the facilitator style is the most dominant style used (45%), followed by demonstrator (35%), delegator (15%), and authoritarian (5%). Data analysis using simple linear regression shows an R Square value of 0.468, which means that the lecturer's teaching style explains 46.8% of the variation in student achievement. In addition, a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) is obtained, which indicates that there is a significant influence between the lecturer's teaching style and student achievement. This finding confirms that the application of the right and participatory teaching style can improve student learning outcomes.