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Since the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015, it should encourage all economic actors, including SMEs and Micro Enterprises, to improve themselves in order to improve the quality of production of both goods and services. If this is not done, then Indonesia will be an "soft" market for other ASEAN countries because Indonesia has the largest population (population size) in ASEAN, namely no less than 270 million people. SMEs and Micro Enterprises, which are the embodiment of people's economic democracy, will be very hard hit if the heavy flow of goods and services from various ASEAN countries invades the Indonesian market. Realizing this, strengthening (empowering) SMEs and Micro Enterprises is a necessity and necessity to be able to find a national identity that has comparative advantage and competitive advantage. This activity begins with identifying existing problems and then finding a method for solving them. The method used is by providing training and mentoring. The results that have been achieved are the ability of the Traditional Cake business to optimize its sales by using local raw materials. In this way, the Traditional Cake Micro Business "Puji Letari" can improve its capabilities in the field of production and business management. These outcomes are an indication of increased business empowerment.

This research aims to analyze the impact of digital media on perceptions of national identity among teenagers. In the midst of globalization and technological advances, digital media—especially social media—plays a significant role in shaping teenagers' views and information behavior, including their understanding of national identity. Through a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews and content analysis from various digital platforms, this research identifies how digital media both strengthens and changes teenagers' perceptions of cultural and national values. The findings show that digital media can be a positive channel for introducing local and national cultural riches, but it also carries the risk of "cultural disorientation" due to the more massive dominance of foreign culture. This research emphasizes the importance of critical educational media and wise use of digital media to ensure that youth's national identity is maintained and develops in accordance with strong national values.

The role of Muhammadiyah personality in building social and national ethics is an important theme in the context of national and state life. Muhammadiyah as an influential Islamic organization in Indonesia has a distinctive personality foundation, namely prioritizing progressive Islamic values, oriented towards education, health and social welfare. This research aims to analyze Muhammadiyah's contribution to the development of social and national ethics through its programs and activities, both in the social, educational and da'wah fields. The method used in this research is qualitative analysis using a literature study approach. The research results show that Muhammadiyah's personality which is based on the principles of progressive Islam has a significant role in building inclusive social ethics and a strong nationality, especially in maintaining national unity and integrity. In conclusion, Muhammadiyah with its personality is able to become an agent of change in encouraging harmonious social ethics and strengthening Indonesia's national identity.

Purpose of the Study :This study aims to explore the challenges of multiculturalism in Indonesia within the context of citizenship and the recognition of local cultures. It focuses on how cultural diversity can be managed to form an inclusive national identity and address issues such as marginalization, homogenization, and ethnic conflicts. Methodology : The research employs a literature review and qualitative analysis of primary and secondary sources. Data was gathered through a review of existing literature, interviews with community leaders, and observation of public policies related to multiculturalism in Indonesia. Findings : The study reveals that marginalization of local cultures and homogenization due to globalization are major challenges. Conflicts between ethnic groups have also increased due to tensions related to cultural and economic differences. Current public policies do not fully reflect the country's cultural diversity. Conclusion : To address these challenges, it is necessary to strengthen multicultural education, preserve local cultures, and foster intercultural dialogue. Effective management of globalization's impact is also crucial to maintaining cultural diversity. With these measures, Indonesia can build an inclusive and harmonious national identity while reinforcing social cohesion.

Indonesia's constitutional reform since 1998 has brought significant changes to the governance system, legal framework, and the protection of civil rights. This study analyzes the impact of the reform on civil rights protection, focusing on the legal and policy dynamics in the post-reform period. Key changes include the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, decentralization of power, and the strengthening of state institutions such as the Constitutional Court. While the legal framework for human rights has been reinforced, challenges persist, including the harmonization of regional and national regulations and corruption, which undermines public access to basic rights such as healthcare, education, and justice. Decentralization often produces discriminatory policies against religious, ethnic, and sexual minorities, while past human rights violations and identity politics exacerbate social tensions. This study employs a normative method with historical and juridical approaches. To enhance civil rights protection, improved oversight of regional regulations, the abolition of discriminatory policies, anti-corruption measures, and transitional justice mechanisms for addressing past human rights violations are essential. Strengthening civil society and judicial reform are also critical steps toward achieving more effective and equitable civil rights protection.

Pancasila, as the foundation of Indonesia, has a historical source  that includes the historical background and thoughts of the founding fathers. This can be seen from the ratification of the Pancasila on August 18, 1945 and Soekarno's speech on June 1, 1945 formulating the basic values of the state. historical source Pancasila reflects Indonesia's socio-cultural diversity, including values such as gotong royong, tolerance, and deliberation, which form the basis of unity amid ethnic differences. Both complement each other in shaping the nation's identity and ideology.    

This study investigates the impact of globalization on the citizenship curriculum in Indonesian schools. As globalization integrates and connects diverse cultures, it has significantly influenced educational systems, including how citizenship is taught. This research examines changes in the citizenship curriculum through document analysis and educator interviews, assessing how these changes affect students' understanding of national identity. The findings reveal that while globalization provides opportunities to broaden students' global perspectives, it also poses challenges in balancing global values with the preservation of national identity. The study recommends incorporating global elements into the curriculum while maintaining a strong emphasis on local context to develop well-rounded citizens with a robust sense of national identity.   Keywords:, ,, 

This study investigates the impact of dual citizenship on political participation and national identity in Indonesia. Despite dual citizenship not being officially recognized under Law No. 12 of 2006 on the Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia, many Indonesians living abroad encounter this status. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, to explore the challenges faced by dual citizens in political engagement and how this status affects their political identity. Findings indicate that individuals with dual citizenship often face legal uncertainties, difficulties in political participation, and conflicts regarding political loyalty. Comparative analysis with countries that recognize dual citizenship, such as the United States and several European Union nations, reveals that acknowledging dual citizenship can facilitate better political participation and reduce identity conflicts. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Indonesia consider reforming its citizenship policies, enhance education on political rights, and strengthen international dialogue to address the challenges associated with dual citizenship.

This consider explores the exchange between citizenship and the flow of political and Islamic law in Indonesia, the world’s  biggest Muslim-majority nation with a complex legitimate framework. The essential center of this inquire about is to get it how Islamic values are coordinates into open approach and the national lawful system, and their affect on administrative forms and national identity.Employing a mixed-methods approach, this consider utilizes subjective examination through in-depth interviews with legitimate specialists and policymakers, as well as quantitative examination of later approach information and enactment. Furthermore, the investigate compares the flow in Indonesia with encounters from other nations with blended lawful frameworks, such as Malaysia and Turkey, and investigates the challenges confronted in adjusting Islamic law with human rights.The key discoveries uncover that the integration of Islamic law inside Indonesia's national lawful framework presents both challenges and openings, especially within the domain of social arrangement usage and person rights security.  Moreover, the impact of Islamic legislative issues on the authoritative prepare contributes to the arrangement of approaches that reflect devout values. This investigate highlights the require for a adjust between devout standards and human rights, and its suggestions for national character and pluralism in Indonesia.The ponder gives important bits of knowledge for policymakers, scholastics, and lawful professionals in understanding the complex elements between Islamic law and open approach in a multicultural nation. It is expected that this investigate will contribute essentially to endeavors in legitimate change and the advancement of more comprehensive and evenhanded arrangements in Indonesia.

This study explores the social perceptions of dual citizenship in Indonesia from the perspectives of both Indonesian citizens and non-citizens, and compares these views with practices in other countries. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research utilizes in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and surveys to gather data from diverse stakeholders. The findings reveal that in Indonesia, dual citizenship is often perceived as a threat to national identity and unity, primarily due to concerns about divided loyalties. Conversely, non-citizens view dual citizenship as advantageous for accessing various services and opportunities. Comparative analysis with countries such as Germany and Canada shows that dual citizenship policies can be accepted and even considered beneficial for social integration and international relations. Based on these findings, policy recommendations include reforming citizenship laws, adjusting legal and regulatory frameworks, enhancing public awareness, providing support for individuals with dual citizenship, and conducting further research to explore the long-term impacts of dual citizenship.

Indonesia is a country rich in cultural diversity, ethnicities, and traditions, which are essential aspects of its national identity. The traditions and natural beauty of Indonesia have become a significant part of shaping the norms and values of its people. Fine arts, particularly painting, serve as an effective medium for representing this cultural richness. Story of Love by Abdullah Ibnu Thalhah uses wayang symbols, an Indonesian cultural heritage, blended with global pop culture characters like Patrick from SpongeBob SquarePants. Through a semiotic approach, this study aims to explore the meanings within Story of Love, showcasing the interaction between local culture and elements of pop culture. This painting not only reflects Indonesia's cultural identity but also demonstrates how fine art can respond and adapt to modern influences, reinforcing multiculturalism amid global developments.

: Pancasila is a philosophical system that is the ideological basis of the Indonesian state. This concept represents a collection of fundamental values that have guided the formation and development of this country since its independence in 1945. Pancasila is not just a political ideology, but also a philosophical framework of thought that integrates five main principles: Belief in one Almighty God, Just and Civilized Humanity, Indonesian Unity, Democracy Led ByWisdom in Deliberation/Representation,  and  Sosial  Justice  for  All  Indonesian  People.  In  this  article,  we  will investigate the orgins, development and relevance of Pancasila in the Sosial, polotical and cultural context of Indonesian. In addition, we will explore how Pancasila as a philosophical system has shaped state policy, defined national identity, and played a role in promoting moral and ethical principles in peoples daily lives.

This research discusses how Indonesia can integrate Pancasila values in anti-terrorism policies, amidst international pressure which often leads to harsher approaches based on the standards of Western countries. An approach that prioritizes security can conflict with Pancasila principles, such as respect for human rights and social justice. Pancasila as the basic ideology of the state emphasizes the importance of balance between individual rights and the interests of society. In facing the threat of terrorism, Indonesia needs to adopt policies that not only strictly enforce the law, but also prioritize prevention through education, community empowerment and strengthening human values. This research aims to analyze how Pancasila values are implemented in Indonesia's anti-terrorism policy and the challenges that arise in harmonization with international norms. Globalization and technological developments pose new challenges in the spread of radical ideology, so policies are needed that are responsive but still based on Pancasila. Indonesia's anti- terrorism legal policy must be able to balance tough law enforcement with a humanist and dialogical approach, in line with the spirit of Pancasila which upholds just and civilized humanity. It is hoped that this research can contribute to more humane and effective policies.

Islamic criminal law significantly contributes to shaping a civilized citizenry through the enforcement of principles of justice, responsibility, and respect for human rights. This article aims to analyze how Islamic criminal law, with a maqasid al-shariah approach, provides a moral and ethical foundation for developing individual character as part of a civic community. The study identifies the core elements of Islamic criminal law, such as the concepts of hudud, qisas, and ta'zir, and examines their implementation in the context of a modern pluralistic state. Using a normative-juridical method and a comparative approach, this article explores the harmonization of Islamic criminal law with the positive legal system in Indonesia. The findings indicate that Islamic criminal law not only seeks to uphold legal justice but also aims to build a society rooted in ethical and civilized values. Integrating these values into national legal policies has the potential to strengthen a civic identity that is religious, just, and civilized, while respecting societal diversity. This article recommends enhancing Islamic legal education as a strategic effort to create synergy between Islamic criminal law and the development of exemplary citizens.

Pancasila, as the foundation of the Indonesian state, plays a crucial role in the formation of law, including customary law. This research focuses on how Pancasila’s values serve as a basis for the recognition and development of customary law, which is still acknowledged within the national legal system. The urgency of this study lies in finding a common ground between national law and customary law to strengthen a just rule of law. The research method used is a normative approach, analyzing legislation and legal literature. The results indicate that Pancasila can function as a foundation for harmonizing customary law and national law, thus reinforcing Indonesia’s plural legal identity. The conclusion is that Pancasila, as the state’s foundational philosophy, provides space for the existence of customary law, as long as it aligns with the core values of Pancasila.  

This study looks at the legal ramifications of changing the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution's articles pertaining to citizenship (UUD 1945). The complexity of citizenship issues has increased with globalization, especially when it comes to dual citizenship and the rights of Indonesians residing outside. This study is classified as doctrinal research since it examines legal sources to determine legal principles. The study finds that amendments to the UUD 1945 are necessary to better align Indonesia's citizenship policies with global developments. However, these changes must be carefully considered to protect human rights and maintain national loyalty and identity. Reforming Indonesia's citizenship laws should be done thoughtfully, with input from various stakeholders, to ensure the resulting policies are inclusive and adaptable to the current global context. This research aims to contribute significantly to the development of Indonesia's citizenship policies and to offer a foundation for policymakers in crafting regulations that are more responsive to global challenges.

Education aims to help students become more independent and critical in the process of discovering their own identity. Participatory education is a relevant approach that allows students to actively participate in the thinking process. The philosophy of educational progressivism pioneered by John Dewey reflects much of this approach. According to progressivism, education should be student-centered by emphasizing hands-on experience to teach and build critical thinking skills. Relevant works on progressivism and Dewey's concept of education are investigated in this qualitative research. The results show that the idea of progressivism is strongly related to Indonesia's national education goal, which is to create innovative, independent, and flexible students. A student-centered curriculum and a supportive education system are needed to implement this theory.

The proud attitude of using Indonesian in daily communication is a manifestation of awareness of national identity and the importance of language as a unifying tool. In the context of globalization, Indonesian not only functions as a symbol of pride and nationalism, but also reflects the identity of a nation that is rich in cultural and linguistic diversity. As the country's official language, Indonesian has a significant role in building national unity and identity, as well as respecting existing cultural heritage. Apart from that, there are challenges and problems that can hinder the development of an attitude of being proud to speak Indonesian, such as education and differences in attitudes in various groups based on age and social background. Therefore, it is important to identify driving factors that can increase public awareness and understand existing social dynamics. Thus, this research uses a qualitative descriptive method, this research is very suitable for discussing the proud attitude of using Indonesian in everyday communication, because it can explore the nuances and complexities that exist behind this phenomenon. This research can also contribute to the development of linguistic and social theories related to identity, culture and communication. The research results can be used to enrich the literature on the relationship between language and national identity.

This study investigates the role of citizenship in the context of dual identity in Indonesia's multicultural society, as well as how Islamic law and national law interact with law enforcement. Due to the extraordinary cultural and religious diversity, Indonesia faces challenges in integrating the dual identities of its people. Cultural and religious identities often lead to conflicts among citizens governed by national law, especially when it comes to religious rules and Islamic law. How dual identity affects law enforcement in Indonesia is explored through qualitative research using descriptive-analytical techniques. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with relevant individuals and analysis of national legal and religious documents. The research results indicate that although Law No. 12 of 2006 on Citizenship provides a legal basis for all citizens. In reality, Islamic law often plays a larger role in the lives of Muslim communities. The disagreement between religious law and national law causes chaos in law enforcement, especially regardingin heritance and family issues. In addition, this research examines the legal systems in other countries with multicultural populations, such as Malaysia, India, and Canada. These countries demonstrate similar issues in creating fair legal policies for multicultural societies. This research concludes that an inclusive approach must be used in the formulation of legal policies in Indonesia so that dual identities in society can be accepted by the state’s legal system, allowing.

The purpose of Indonesian national education is to educate the nation. Adolescence is a time of crisis where teenagers try to find their identity. Today, the world of education is being hit by very deep concern with the frequent occurrence of juvenile delinquency or what is known as juvenile delinquency which has quite serious impacts on the development of themselves (teenagers) and society. Because delinquency is an anti-social act, violating applicable laws, which is carried out by a person approaching adulthood with his own knowledge which if carried out by an adult is qualified as a crime. News about delinquency is sprayed like bullets on the battlefield and unfortunately the ones who are always hit by insults are the schools, in fact, it is not uncommon for the public to assume that the low quality of student behavior or personality is due to the school's inability to control the psyche of its students. In this case, we learn about what types of delinquency are carried out by teenagers, the factors that influence teenagers to commit delinquency and how schools try to overcome this delinquency. The purpose of this study was to determine the forms of juvenile delinquency, factors that influence juvenile delinquency and school efforts in overcoming juvenile delinquency. To obtain accurate data, the author uses qualitative descriptive research, namely by using the method of describing and analyzing research results without using calculation formulas, while in obtaining data the author uses direct observation, interviews with informants, and documentation. From the data obtained, it explains that the real state of juvenile delinquency (students) is still relatively common and not dangerous such as playing truant, coming late to school, not doing homework, making noise and so on. Factors that influence juvenile delinquency are often caused by lack of parental attention (broken home), the influence of playmates and from themselves because they are lazy and afraid of teachers. Then regarding the data obtained as an effort by the school to overcome juvenile delinquency (students), including cooperation with parents and the community and providing educational punishment. In addition, it also creates a commitment to all teachers to always remind every student who commits any form of violation. As a suggestion that must be done in overcoming juvenile delinquency is that parents, schools and the community should create a conducive environment, provide services and motivate teenagers to always fill their free time with positive activities. Establish interactions between students and teachers as harmoniously as possible. There needs to be self-introspection of the Teaching and Learning Activities carried out by teachers and students (teenagers). Parents are expected to pay attention to their children's daily activities and try to direct them to activities that bring benefits.