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The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education offers significant opportunities to transform learning processes, including in Catholic Religious Education (CRE) at the senior high school level. This article aims to identify effective and ethical strategies for integrating AI into CRE instruction by considering Catholic faith values and students’ character development. The study uses a qualitative literature review approach to analyze scholarly sources and current practices of AI application in education. Findings indicate that AI can enhance personalized learning, provide real-time feedback, and create more interactive and context-rich learning experiences. Practical implementations such as adaptive learning systems, chatbots, and AI-based simulations have shown positive impacts on students' comprehension. However, challenges including teacher readiness, technological infrastructure, and ethical concerns must be addressed seriously. Therefore, integrating AI in CRE must be done thoughtfully, responsibly, and in harmony with religious and moral contexts. With careful planning, AI can become a valuable tool to deepen students' faith understanding and support holistic character formation in the digital age.

This study aims to reveal the urgency of science in the perspective of the Qur'an, especially through the interpretation of Surah Al-Baqarah verse 164. This verse represents various natural phenomena and life processes that reflect the greatness and power of Allah, as well as being a source of reflection for intelligent humans. By using tafsir tahlili method and tafsir ilmi approach, this study emphasizes the integral relationship between revelation and science. The results of the study show that this verse encourages Muslims to observe, research, and take lessons from the signs of Allah's greatness in the universe, as well as being the basis for integration between faith and science. In conclusion, science is not only important in the development of human life, but also as a way to get closer to the Creator.

The role of Islamic values in education is crucial, especially in shaping students with strong faith, religious obedience, and noble character. This study aims to analyze the influence of Islamic values integration in mathematics learning on enhancing critical and creative thinking among students at MAN 2 Wonosobo. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires, observation, and documentation from a sample of 30 students out of a total population of 555. The findings show that applying Islamic values in mathematics learning tends to positively influence students’ critical and creative thinking skills, although the effect is not statistically significant (p > 0.05), largely due to the small sample size. Nevertheless, the results suggest that integrating Islamic values can potentially support students’ cognitive development and character building in the long term. The study recommends innovation, improved measurement tools, and sustained teacher and school commitment for effective integration. Islamic values play a supporting role in creating a meaningful and conducive learning environment, making mathematics not only academically enriching but also character-strengthening.

Service-based leadership is a leadership approach that prioritizes devotion to others as the center of a leader's function. In the Christian view, this model is rooted in the example set by Jesus Christ who came to serve, not to be served (Mark 10:45). The concept of servant leadership emphasizes values such as simplicity, love, sacrifice, and moral responsibility towards those being led. This study aims to explore how servant leadership influences and shapes the formulation of vision and mission in the context of Christian organizations or ministries. Vision and mission not only function as strategic guidelines, but also reflect the calling and obedience to God's will. A Christian leader who adopts the principle of servant leadership will create a vision that focuses on the common good, spiritual growth, and empowerment of community members. Meanwhile, the mission is designed to manifest the love of Christ in real terms through actions and programs that have a broad impact. In this context, sensitivity to the leadership of the Holy Spirit, integrity in leadership, and the ability to motivate and support the development of others are needed. This study concludes that servant leadership from a Christian perspective not only functions well in organizations, but also strengthens the spirituality and unity of the body of Christ. Therefore, the formulation of the vision and mission resulting from the principle of serving not only reflects the direction, but also becomes a testimony of faith that lives in the community. Thus, servant leadership becomes a strong foundation in building a Christian organization that is relevant, impactful, and oriented towards the values of the kingdom of God, and is able to answer the challenges of the times with love, exemplary behavior, and sincere devotion and glorify God in service.

The era of disruption marked by the rapid development of technology and information brings serious challenges to the world of education, especially in shaping the faith and morals of students. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has a strategic role in protecting students from the negative influences of this era, through strengthening faith in Allah SWT as the main foundation for character formation. This study aims to analyze the urgency of faith in shaping the faith and morals of students in the midst of the flow of disruption. The approach used is qualitative with a literature study method, reviewing various scientific literature, journals, and relevant documents. The results of the study show that strong faith is the main driver in the commendable behavior of students and a shield against moral relativism and social deviation. Religious education must be integrated comprehensively into the curriculum, teacher training, and learning environments that support the internalization of divine values. In conclusion, strengthening faith in Allah is very urgent as a basis for forming strong faith and morals in facing the challenges of the era of disruption.

This research aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the strategy for developing students' interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence through learning moral beliefs in class XI MA Ma'arif NU Pituruh Purworejo, the main objective is to focus on 3 topics, including: 1. the concept of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development strategies in learning moral beliefs, 2. strategies for the application of students' interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development through learning moral beliefs in class XI, 3. supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence development strategies were applied through participatory learning and reflection such as group discussions, role-play, reflection journal writing, and case studies. Supporting factors for the implementation of the strategy include teacher commitment, madrasah policy support, and a positive learning environment. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited learning time, infrastructure, and emotional readiness of students. Overall, these strategies contribute to the formation of students' character and the improvement of social skills and self-reflection.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be a transformational tool in Christian Religious Education in the digital era. Technological advancements bring significant changes to the way we learn and teach, including religious education, which demands innovative methods to remain relevant to the younger generation increasingly connected to technology. AI offers various opportunities to enrich the learning experience and deepen the understanding of Christian values through a more personal and interactive approach. This article discusses several AI applications in Christian religious education, such as virtual assistants for spiritual guidance, in-depth Bible text analysis, and adaptive learning platforms that can tailor materials to the needs of learners. With AI technology, Christian religious education can provide more interactive and responsive modules, allowing learners to delve into religious teachings both individually and in groups. Additionally, the use of AI in analyzing learning behavior allows for more effective curriculum personalization according to the spiritual needs of each individual. This approach can address the challenge of maintaining the relevance of religious values amidst the rapid influx of digital information. This article also examines the potential of AI in aiding faith development, for example through spiritual reflection applications tailored to the user's spiritual growth. This transformation is expected to prepare a generation of Christians who are not only technologically savvy but also spiritually strong, and empowered to face moral and ethical challenges in the future. Thus, AI-based Christian Religious Education can be a pathway to building a relevant and dynamic spiritual future in the digital era.

The implementation of the PAKEM (Active, Creative, Effective, and Enjoyable Learning) model in Christian Religious Education (PAK) has shown significant potential in improving students’ understanding of Christian values ​​in elementary schools. This qualitative descriptive study analyzes the implementation of the PAKEM model and its effectiveness in fostering a deeper understanding of values ​​such as compassion, honesty, and forgiveness among students. Although conventional teaching methods are often used in PAK, the PAKEM model encourages active participation, creativity, and a fun learning atmosphere. Research shows that the model has a positive impact on students’ motivation and academic achievement. However, challenges such as limited teacher training and inadequate facilities hinder its optimal implementation. Solutions include ongoing professional development for teachers and adaptation of the curriculum to the local context. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration between educators, parents, and the community to support the effective implementation of the PAKEM model. Ultimately, the PAKEM approach not only improves cognitive outcomes but also contributes to students’ moral and spiritual development, preparing them to embody Christian values ​​in their daily lives.  By cultivating an engaging and supportive learning environment, the PAKEM model aims to create a generation of morally resilient individuals who integrate their faith into their actions.

Child faith accompaniment plays a central role in the future development of children’s faith, making it the chosen initial teaching to prepare for a more mature faith development within a tiered faith formation. However, in the context of child faith accompaniment, there is currently no song themed on the Catholic Creed that can be taught to children, including at the Holy Family Parish Atmodirono Semarang, which has never used a song with this theme. This study aims to develop a child faith accompaniment (PIA) song themed on the introduction of the Catholic Creed to provide children with a deeper understanding of the Catholic Creed. The research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to analyze the needs of PIA, design the product, conduct trials, and evaluate it to ensure a positive impact on children’s faith education. Initial analysis showed that there was no existing song media introducing the basic Catholic faith in PIA activities. In the design phase, the researcher composed lyrics and melodies relevant to Catholic teachings, using key phrases from the “I Believe” prayer, adjusted to be easily understood by children. The development phase involved a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with PIA practitioners and music experts. Subsequently, the song was trialed during Minggu Gembira activities and evaluated for improvements. The implementation of the song titled “I am Catholic, I Believe” showed positive impact. Observations revealed that children were enthusiastic, listened attentively, endeavored to understand, memorize, and sing the song together. Evaluation results showed an improvement in scores from 79% to 95.8%. Based on this increase, it can be concluded that the song “I am Catholic, I Believe” is highly effective and can be used as a child faith accompaniment medium to help children understand the meaning of the “I Believe” prayer as the Catholic Creed, as well as strengthen their understanding of the core teachings of Catholicism.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) has an important role in shaping the character, morals, and spirituality of students. In the digital era, PAK faces new challenges and opportunities. The main challenge is the lack of teacher readiness in using technology and the negative influence of the digital world. However, the digital era also opens up great opportunities through interactive learning media and wider accessibility. This study uses a literature review method to analyze digital transformation in PAK. The results show that the integration of technology in PAK must be supported by teacher training, relevant curriculum development, and collaboration between schools, churches, and families. With an innovative and collaborative approach, PAK can continue to be relevant and effective in strengthening the faith and character of students amidst the flow of modernization. PAK teachers need to utilize technology to enrich the learning experience, while maintaining Christian values. Collaboration between teachers, churches, parents, and students is the key to optimizing the benefits of technology and minimizing its negative impacts. Thus, PAK in the digital era is able to form a young generation that is technologically literate and steadfast in the Christian faith.

This research aims to analyze the role of Abraham Kuyper's cultural mandate in the context of Christian Religious Education. Abraham Kuyper, a Dutch theologian and statesman, emphasized the importance of the cultural mandate as an integral part of the Christian faith, where believers are called to transform all aspects of life, including education, according to the principles of the Kingdom of God. This research uses a qualitative method with a theological-philosophical analysis approach to Kuyper's thought and its relevance to CRE. The research findings indicate that Kuyper's cultural mandate provides a strong theological foundation for CRE, emphasizing the integration of faith, science, and daily life. The concept of sphere sovereignty proposed by Kuyper also promotes a holistic approach in Christian Religious Education), where education focuses not only on spiritual aspects but also on the development of character, ethics, and social responsibility. Additionally, this study found that the implementation of the cultural mandate in CRE can strengthen Christian identity amidst pluralism and secularization. The implication of these findings is the importance of a CRE curriculum based on the Kuyperian vision, which emphasizes cultural transformation through education. This research contributes to the development of CRE that is relevant and contextual in addressing the challenges of the times.

Islamic education does not merely focus on the transfer of knowledge but also emphasizes the development of character, morality, and spiritual consciousness. Spiritual values are central in shaping learners who are not only intellectually capable but also faithful and pious. In this context, teachers serve not only as educators but also as spiritual mentors who instill values such as sincerity (ikhlas), trust in God (tawakkal), and divine awareness. This study aims to: 1) Explore the content and themes of the novel Imama Al-Hafidzh by Tri Lyagustina; and 2) Identify the Islamic spiritual values present in the novel and their relevance to contemporary life. This research employs a qualitative approach using library research methods, relying on both primary and secondary sources. Data analysis was conducted by collecting, comparing, and synthesizing information to produce a systematic and comprehensive study. The findings reveal that the novel tells the story of a young man who burns his own finger in a forest to resist temptation, symbolizing strong faith and self-control. The novel conveys messages such as steadfastness in principles, resisting worldly pleasures, not neglecting worship, and making the most of life to serve Allah. The spiritual values found in the novel include: faith, sincerity, patience, trust in God, gratitude, acceptance, repentance, Islamic brotherhood, asceticism, positive thinking, humility in worship, consistency, and love. These values, which are rooted in the Qur’an and Hadith, are highly relevant and can be integrated into Islamic religious education to strengthen students' character in the face of modern challenges.

This article examines the teachings, doctrines, and practices within Roman Catholic Theology with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the liturgical structure, teachings, and leadership of the Catholic Church. The research was conducted using a qualitative method through literature analysis from various journals, books, and related scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Roman Catholic Theology is rooted in Sacred Scripture, Sacred Tradition, and the Magisterium, and it presents fundamental differences from other Christian theologies, particularly in its concepts of salvation, doctrinal authority, and worship practices. In addition, this study highlights historical developments, the influence of ecumenical councils, and the roles of Mary and the sacraments in the life of Catholic faith. These findings are expected to help readers understand the characteristics and dynamics of Roman Catholic Theology in its historical context and contemporary challenges.

 This study aims to describe the implementation of Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam'iyah Rifa'iyah in Luwihan Hamlet, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency. Qualitative setting field research takes the object of the implementation of Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam'iyah Rifa'iyah, located in Luwihan Hamlet, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency for two months from March to April 2025, with research subjects including the congregation of the sect, community leaders, and religious leaders. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation to then be analyzed descriptively. The results of the research show that the Tarjumah teachings are a legacy of K.H. Ahmad Rifa'i's thoughts which emphasize three main principles in Islamic education, namely the formation of strong faith, the development of noble morals (akhlaqul karimah), and the practice of Islamic law as a whole (kaffah). This concept not only emphasizes theoretical or cognitive aspects, but also focuses on the formation of real character and behavior in accordance with Islamic values ​​in everyday life. The implementation of Islamic education in this teaching is carried out through various religious activities that are integrated with community life, such as regular religious studies in mosques, prayer rooms, or residents' homes, with the main material in the form of Javanese tarjumah books containing Islamic teachings in the form of nadham, including aqidah, worship, muamalah, and manners. In addition, the implementation of congregational worship such as the five daily prayers, dhuha prayers, and dhikr activities, are also effective educational media. This fact shows the harmony between teaching, habituation, and exemplary behavior, where Islamic values ​​are not only taught, but are manifested in social interactions in society through joint religious activities, traditions of mutual assistance, concern for the environment, and efforts to maintain social harmony. Thus, Islamic education in the teachings of Tarjumah Jam’iyah Rifa’iyah has proven to be able to form a society that is religious, has character, and consistently practices Islamic teachings in everyday life. This finding leads to the direction of future research to examine more widely the comparative implementation of tarjumah teachings in other regions and its impact on positive social change in more depth.

This paper aims to explore and integrate three disciplines—philosophy, history, and biology—in order to strengthen and clarify the rational foundation of the Christian faith. Using a qualitative approach, the author examines the contributions of philosophy in formulating rational arguments for the existence of God, the historical connections in the development of the early church, and the accuracy of biblical narratives based on archaeological findings. Biology, particularly through the complex structure of DNA and the order found in living systems, is also viewed as evidence of a divine design underlying all of creation. Through the synthesis of these three disciplines, this article asserts that the Christian faith is not in conflict with reason and science but can be defended logically and scientifically. Thinkers such as Plantinga and Craig demonstrate how philosophical arguments and historical data support the validity of faith, while scientists like Francis Collins show how science can deepen our understanding of God's greatness. This integration is intended as a constructive response to the challenges of modernity and as a foundation for Christians to maintain a firm, intelligent, and relevant faith in the midst of changing times.

The development of social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and YouTube has resulted in a major transformation in the way people communicate and interact, especially among Generation Z. This generation, born between 1997 and 2012, was formed in a digital environment rich in information and high social interaction. This study aims to uncover the psychological impacts of excessive social media use, such as the emergence of feelings of fear of missing out (FoMO), anxiety, low self-confidence, and identity crisis. Various studies have shown that high frequency of social media use is closely related to increased social pressure and mental health disorders. From an Islamic perspective, the Qur'an as a guide for Muslims offers spiritual solutions that can help balance the challenges of this digital era. This research underlines the importance of a faith-based approach to addressing the negative impacts of social media, and invites the younger generation to return to Qur'anic values ​​in order to achieve inner peace and strengthen their relationship with Allah SWT.

This study aims to examine the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in the formation of students' character in the era of globalization which is full of value challenges due to technological developments and information flows. Globalization has had a significant impact on the morality of the younger generation, so that religious-based character education is becoming increasingly important. Using a qualitative research method based on literature studies, data were collected from various relevant scientific literature sources and analyzed thematically. The results of the study indicate that PAI plays a central role in instilling students' faith, morality, and social values ​​through value-based learning, habituation of worship, and teacher role models. However, globalization is a contextual factor that can weaken or strengthen this influence depending on the implementation strategy. These findings strengthen Lickona's character education theory and Bandura's social learning theory, and show the importance of an adaptive and contextual approach in teaching PAI. The implications of this study are the need to develop a more innovative, integrative, and collaborative PAI curriculum and learning strategy between schools, families, and communities so that religious values ​​remain firmly embedded in students amidst the challenges of globalization.

The development of information technology, particularly the internet and social media, has significantly impacted how the Church functions and interacts with its congregation. This transformation is not only technological but also touches upon fundamental theological aspects. This article aims to examine the changes in the meaning, function, and identity of the Church in the context of digitalization, with a focus on comparing the pre-internet and post-internet eras. Through a systematic theological approach, this analysis explores how the Church, as a community of faith and a spiritual organism, must re-understand its existence amidst the increasingly dominant presence of digital media in believers' lives.In the pre-internet era, church life revolved around physical gatherings, conventional liturgies, and direct spiritual authority. However, in the digital age, new forms of ministry have emerged, such as online worship services, virtual communities, and the dissemination of the Word through social media and other digital platforms. These changes offer opportunities to reach a broader audience but also pose serious challenges such as digital individualism, theological distortion, and a crisis of spiritual authority.This article concludes that the Church needs to develop adaptive ministry strategies while remaining faithful to the essence of Christian spirituality. By maintaining a balance between online and offline ministries and strengthening theological understanding amidst the rapid flow of information, the Church can remain relevant and effective in carrying out its mission.

This article examines in depth the relationship between the outward form and the spiritual essence of the Church in the context of contemporary Christianity. The church is not only understood as a physical structure with buildings, organizational systems, and orderly worship, but also as a spiritual community that reflects the love of Christ, the presence of God, and a missiological calling in the world. An imbalance between external aspects and spiritual substance can lead to disorientation of church functions, both in the aspect of service and in the meaning of the faith of the people. Excessive focus on form can make the church spiritually dry, while neglect of order and form can lead to chaos in church life. Through a qualitative approach with a literature study method, this article examines the thoughts of several theological figures such as Miroslav Volf, who emphasizes the church as a reflection of the Trinitarian relationship; Lesslie Newbigin, who offers the perspective of the church as an institution, community of the word, and communion of the Spirit; and Stephen Suleeman, who highlights the role of the church as an agent of social and spiritual transformation in Indonesia. The research also considers contemporary challenges, such as the development of digital technology, shifting social values, and the declining interest of younger generations in formal religious institutions. Therefore, this article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance between the form and essence of the church in order to remain relevant, contextual, and faithful to the faith.

This study explores the personal competencies of Christian leaders in the church context. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, this research analyzes biblical texts and related literature to understand the values and principles underlying effective Christian leadership. The primary focus of this research is on the characteristics of leaders that reflect Christ’s teachings, such as humility, love, and integrity. Additionally, this study discusses the challenges faced by Christian leaders in serving the congregation and how they can overcome these obstacles through spiritual development and community building. The results are expected to provide insights into best practices in leadership, as well as recommendations to strengthen faith communities and enhance the effectiveness of church ministry. By understanding Christian leadership in depth, it is hoped that better leaders can emerge, capable of inspiring and empowering congregations in carrying out the church’s mission.