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The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity of the design of the development of learning video media with an open-ended approach to improve the learning outcomes of 6th-grade elementary school students in Mlonggo District. This study applies the research and development method, which is commonly known as R&D (Research and Development). Products development uses the ADDIE model which is structured into five stages including (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, implementation, and (5) evaluation. Data collection through filling out the validity questionnaire. This data source includes participation from data validators with an analysis process that includes the accumulation of overall scores. Data analysis uses descriptive qualitative tests. The results of this development research are learning video media with an open-ended approach which is stated to be very feasible by media experts with an average of 90%, and material experts with 92%. So, it can be concluded that learning video media with an open-ended approach is valid and feasible to be used to improve student learning outcomes

This community service program aims to empower Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through business development based on the sharia economy. MSMEs have a strategic role in the economy, but still face various challenges, especially in the application of sharia economic principles that can increase competitiveness and the desire to do business. This program is designed to improve Islamic financial literacy, introduce business contracts in accordance with sharia, and provide halal digital marketing training. The method of implementing the activity includes a participatory approach with various stages, ranging from problem identification, training, mentoring, to success evaluation. The target of the program is MSME actors in certain regions who have great potential to adopt the concept of sharia economics in their businesses. The results of this activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of the concept of sharia economics, followed by changes in business practices that are more in line with Islamic principles. Some participants began to implement sharia contracts in their transactions, access sharia financing, and take advantage of halal branding-based digital marketing. This program also found several obstacles, such as low initial understanding of the sharia economy, limited access to Islamic financial institutions, and resistance to changes in the business system. However, through intensive strategy education and support from various parties, most of these challenges can be overcome. The conclusion of this activity is that business development based on the sharia economy can be a solution for MSMEs in increasing their competitiveness in the wider market. The next program recommendations include strengthening digital-based education, increasing access to sharia capital, and establishing a sharia-based MSME community as a forum for collaboration and sustainable business development.

Hypertension is difficult for sufferers to realize because it has no specific symptoms. Hypertension in the elderly is a problem that is often found in the elderly today. One of the life habits that contributes to hypertension includes smoking and work history as triggers for hypertension in the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and work history with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Internal Medicine Clinic, Graha Husada Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This type of quantitative research uses an analytical survey research design and a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in October 2024 at Graha Husada Hospital in Bandar Lampung. The population in this study was elderly people who suffered from hypertension with a sample size of 64 respondents. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling. The instruments used were questionnaires, blood pressure monitors and stethoscopes to measure blood pressure. Data analysis used the chi square test. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between smoking behavior with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) and work history with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) on the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. It is hoped that hospitals can provide reading media to increase patient awareness by socializing smoking behavior and reducing heavy work or doing friendly or light work so as not to trigger an increase in blood pressure.

Managerial mentoring in a collaborative manner is an effective strategy to improve the ability of Madrasah heads in preparing Madrasah Work Plans (RKM). This assistance is carried out through an approach based on cooperation, sharing, and discussion without being patronizing. Through this approach, Madrasah heads feel helped in carrying out their tasks, especially in preparing the RKM which is a reference for Madrasah management. The drafted RKM aims to: (1) achieve predetermined goals, (2) support coordination among stakeholders in Madrasah, (3) ensure consistency between planning, budgeting, implementation, and supervision, (4) optimize community participation, and (5) use resources efficiently, effectively, and sustainably. The results showed that the ability of Madrasah heads in preparing RKM had increased significantly after the assistance. In Cycle I, the average score of the RKM prepared was 74.70, increasing to 81.37 in Cycle II, with an increase of 8.93%. This finding shows that collaborative managerial assistance is effective in improving the competence of Madrasah heads in preparing quality RKM.

Multicultural education in Indonesia is an important approach to creating an inclusive and harmonious society, considering the ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity that exists in the country. This research aims to explore the dynamics of multicultural education, the challenges faced in its implementation, and provide recommendations for educational policies and practices. The method used is library research, with thematic analysis of various relevant literature. Key findings suggest that while multicultural education has great potential to build tolerance and mutual understanding, its implementation is still hampered by a lack of understanding among educators and limited resources. Concrete examples of multicultural educational practices in some schools show that with the right approach, this education can have a positive impact on student attitudes. The resulting recommendations include improved training for teachers, curriculum revision, and collaboration with the community. The study also identified the need for further studies to explore the long-term impact of multicultural education and its comparison with practices in other countries. By overcoming the existing challenges, it is hoped that multicultural education can be implemented more widely and have a positive impact on future generations in Indonesia.

This article critically examines the implementation of Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection in Indonesia, focusing specifically on the challenges and strategies for protecting the rights of street children, with a particular emphasis on the context of Kendari City. Using a normative legal and socio-legal research approach, combined with a criminological perspective on vulnerability and exploitation, this study analyzes the effectiveness of the existing legal framework, educational interventions, and social support mechanisms. Key findings reveal that despite a strong legal foundation, significant gaps remain in the practical fulfillment of street children's rights due to socio-economic determinants, inadequate resource allocation, and coordination complexities. The article highlights the crucial role of non-formal education and victim-centered approaches in addressing child criminal exploitation. Comparative insights from international standards, such as the UNCRC and restorative justice principles, underscore the challenges of universal implementation while offering pathways for improved protection. Recommendations include strengthening inter-agency collaboration, expanding tailored education programs, and fostering greater community engagement to ensure a more just and protective environment for all children.  

This study aims to determine the efforts of teachers in increasing students' interest in learning the subject of fiqh through the application of simulation methods in class IV MI Nurul Huda Manyarejo. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a focus on the implementation of simulation methods in the learning process. The formulation of the problem in this study includes: (1) what are the steps in implementing the simulation method in increasing students' interest in learning, (2) how is the quality of the simulation method in fiqh lessons, and (3) what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the method. The data analysis technique uses an interactive analysis model which includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research procedure was carried out through four stages, namely pre-field, data collection in the field, data analysis, and preparation of research reports. The results of the study showed that the simulation method was able to create a more enjoyable and less boring learning atmosphere, thus increasing the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of students, especially when studying fiqh material such as the zakat chapter. The teacher succeeded in arousing students' interest in learning through an interactive and applicable approach. Thus, the simulation method is considered an effective learning strategy in increasing students' interest in learning the subject of fiqh.

This study explores the impact of cybersecurity risk disclosure on customer-supplier relationships in corporate supply chains through a qualitative literature review approach. The findings reveal that transparency in cybersecurity risk disclosure enhances trust, relationship stability, and operational efficiency within supply chains. Conversely, a lack of disclosure or poor risk management can damage reputations, create uncertainty, and weaken collaboration between business partners. The study also highlights the importance of adequate regulations, risk mitigation strategies, and the adoption of new technologies in managing cybersecurity. While offering significant insights, this study has limitations, including reliance on secondary literature and variations in industry contexts. Future research is recommended to include empirical testing and the exploration of new technologies to strengthen cybersecurity risk management in supply chains.

Article 21 Income Tax Income Tax is one of the tax obligations that must be applied in companies. Many Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have not applied proper tax treatment in running their business. This activity aims to provide accurate information to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), especially for Income Tax Article 21. The implementation of this community service activity is carried out using an interactive discussion approach. Therefore, ITB Ahmad Dahlan Lamongan D3 Tax Study Program implemented a Community Service program (PKM) with the activity title "Article 21 Income Tax Training for MSMEs in Lamongan". After this training, MSME actors can implement a self-assessment system, especially PPh Article 21 at the company.

This community service activity (PKM) aims to improve operational efficiency and service quality at Santosa Catering through the implementation of a web-based catering ordering system. Santosa Catering, as a micro business, faces obstacles in managing orders that are still done manually, which causes inaccurate stock information, delays in delivery, and limited customer access to menus and prices. Through a Diffusion of Science and Technology and Knowledge Transfer approach, a web-based ordering system was developed and implemented to support business operations. The system allows customers to access real-time menu information, place online orders, and choose preferred payment methods, while the owner and staff were given intensive training to effectively operate the system. The evaluation results showed significant improvements in all aspects of assessment, including understanding of system features, operational skills, time efficiency, and customer satisfaction, as shown in the comparison chart of pretest and posttest results. The system not only optimizes operational processes but also increases customer satisfaction, strengthens business competitiveness, and has the potential to become a model for other micro businesses in utilizing digital technology. Thus, this PKM activity is expected to contribute to the sustainability of Santosa Catering's business in the digital era.

The resolution of disputes in infrastructure projects requires an effective mechanism to ensure smooth project implementation. The fraudulent bank guarantee case in the Pandaan-Malang Toll Road project revealed weaknesses in public procurement oversight, where PT Setdco submitted a falsified bank guarantee, potentially causing losses to the Ministry of Public Works (PU) amounting to IDR 26.09 billion. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism in this case. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach, utilizing primary data such as arbitration documents and contracts, and secondary data from legal literature and media reports. The findings indicate that arbitration conducted through BANI provided a fast, fair, and binding solution for the disputing parties. However, the effectiveness of arbitration relies on the supervision of award implementation and regulations supporting accountability. In conclusion, arbitration can be a reliable mechanism for resolving infrastructure disputes if supported by an adequate system.

Effective network management is the main need in the world of information technology, especially for companies engaged in network infrastructure. One of the devices that is often used to support network connectivity is MikroTik. This journal aims to design MikroTik configuration learning based on the OSI Layer Model at PT Proxi Jaringan Nusantara, focusing on setting MikroTik so that it can be connected to the internet. The learning method is designed using theoretical and simulation approaches, including the introduction of the OSI Layer Model as the basis of network communication and the technical steps of MikroTik configuration, such as IP Address settings, NAT (Network Address Translation), DHCP Server, and basic Firewall. The simulation results show that the configuration carried out in accordance with the OSI Layer Model can improve network stability and efficiency. This learning is designed to provide practical and in-depth solutions for authors in understanding MicroTik-based network management.

This study aims to analyse the effect of clinical supervision management by the Head of Madrasah on improving teacher performance at MTsS Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with research subjects including the Head of Madrasah and teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analysed systematically using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results showed that: 1) Clinical supervision planning is conducted in a structured manner by involving analyses of teachers' needs and learning situations. The madrasah principal sets specific, realistic and measurable supervision objectives to support the improvement of teachers' abilities and the quality of learning. 2) Clinical supervision involves direct observation, practical guidance and evaluation of learning activities. This process not only focuses on classroom activities, but also includes planning, time management, and use of learning resources. 3) Evaluation of clinical supervision is conducted on an ongoing basis to ensure the relevance of the supervision programme to teachers' needs. This evaluation helps to develop corrective measures and assess the effectiveness of supervision in improving teachers' competencies. This research underlines the importance of systematic clinical supervision in creating positive changes in teaching and learning. Madrasah principals as supervisors have a central role in providing constructive guidance to support teachers' professionalism and improve the overall quality of education.

This study aims to analyse informed consent, legal protection and health workers in the Regional General Hospital of West Papua Province. The research method used is a quantitative approach. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis and verification analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The descriptive method focuses on describing and analysing the research results and the verification method is used to test the relationship between variables. The sample consisted of 35 respondents who were taken using saturated sampling technique. The results of descriptive analysis showed that in the variables of informed consent, legal protection, and health workers were in the category of very unaware of the insights of health workers in the application of informed consent in emergency medical cases, and there were still some shortcomings that must be considered to be corrected. The results of this study indicate that statistically the results of verification tests with multiple linear regression analysis models show that the informed consent variable has a significant effect on health workers with a coefficient value of 0.542 and a p-value of 0.044. Legal protection also has a significant effect on health workers with a coefficient value of 1.755 and a p-value of 0.000. Meanwhile, informed consent, legal protection showed a significant effect simultaneously on health workers with an F value of 14,079 and a p-value of 0.000.

Exclusive breastfeeding plays an important role in the growth and development of infants. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, followed by complementary foods (MPASI). However, many mothers do not provide exclusive breastfeeding, which can affect the growth and development of infants in old age. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the growth and development of infants aged 7-12 months.This study uses a quantitative research type using Retrospective research. The design of this study was carried out with a cross-sectional approach, the sample in the study was 62 people using the Random Sampling System. The data collected in the study were primary data, namely data obtained directly from respondents. The data analysis used was Chi Square. Exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 7-12 months is mostly given exclusive breastfeeding (56.6%), growth in infants aged 7-12 months is mostly fat (37.1%), development in infants aged 7-12 months is mostly normal (54.8%), there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and growth in infants aged 7-12 months with a p-value of 0.000, there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and development in infants aged 7-12 months with a p-value of 0.000. So Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which means there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and development in infants aged 7-12 months. For further researchers, it is expected to be able to conduct further research by developing other variables in order to get better results.

This study aims to examine the relationship between the intensity of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning and the reduction of bullying behavior at Amanah Ummah Islamic Junior High School. Bullying among teenagers is a serious issue that requires attention in order to create a safe and comfortable learning environment. PAI learning is expected to have a positive impact on students’ social behavior, particularly in reducing bullying. This research uses a quantitative approach with a correlational design, involving 187 students as the sample. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring the intensity of PAI learning and levels of bullying behavior. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant relationship: the higher the intensity of PAI learning, the lower the incidence of bullying. These findings highlight the importance of effective PAI instruction in shaping students' character and fostering a bullying-free school environment.

Gout is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to increase in society. This study aims to evaluate public health by examining uric acid levels in the local population and analyzing the risk factors that influence it. The research method used is a quantitative approach with field surveys and checking uric acid levels using a portable diagnostic tool. Data was collected from 50 respondents who were randomly selected in the Anduonohu ​​sub-district area. The research results showed that the average respondent had uric acid levels above the normal threshold. The main risk factors identified include consumption of foods high in purine, lack of physical activity, and family history of similar diseases. This study underlines the importance of regular check-ups and public education about healthy lifestyles to prevent increased uric acid levels. Community-based interventions are recommended to reduce the prevalence of this disease. It is hoped that this research can become a reference in planning more effective public health programs.

Education plays an important role in the development of human resources, promoting social capabilities, and the development of individuals linking them to society and the environment. Islamic education, in particular, aims to instil spiritual and ethical values and develop learners' scientific knowledge.  This study explored the effect of the Ibrah Mauidzah Qur'anic Storytelling Method on students' spiritual intelligence and learning activities at MTsN 1 Agam. The correlational quantitative research method was used to test the research hypothesis. the type of research used is correlational. It is a study that looks for the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable with a sample of 35 students obtained using the accental sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that the Ibrah Mauidzah Method has a significant effect on increasing students' spiritual intelligence and learning activities. The tcount values for spiritual intelligence and learning activity were 3.076 and 3.779 respectively, both greater than the ttable of 2.034, with a p-value <0.05. These findings indicate that the method is effective in improving understanding and appreciation of religious values, as well as increasing student engagement in the learning process. This research confirms the importance of integrating moral and spiritual approaches in education to achieve a balance of students' intellectual and spiritual development.  

This study analyses the morphological process in the news ‘Check out the Vision and Mission of 4 Candidates in West Java Gubernatorial Election 2024 in the Second Debate’ published by Detik News in the November 2024 edition. The purpose of this research is to find and understand the morphological structure used in the delivery of information related to the West Java governor election. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative approach. Information is collected through observation or observation done by reading the news and making notes. The results of the research show information on the use of affixation, namely the prefixes ber-, mem, men-, as well as the confixes me-kan, ke-an, pe-an, pe(r)-an. There is also information on the use of reduplication such as, children. And there is information on the use of composition such as the word new pair. It is intended that these findings can increase understanding of language use in the mass media.

The seismic and magnetic data are well known for the investigation of tectonic structures and their directions on surface and subsurface, a methodological approach integrated the seismic and magnetic data interpretation combined with field measurement on cracked building and its underlying substratum, represented by Agadez sandstones and basement. The extraction of seismic lineaments from West African seismic map showed the seismic directions oriented NW-SE (N135 to N160°), passing through the studied area. The structural interpretation of magnetic map show that the Agadez region is also affected by the subsurface lineaments mainly oriented in NW-SE (N135°) directions, which are similar to the identified seismic lineaments in the same zone. A structural study carried out on the Agadez sandstones and the underlying basement, showed that faults and fractures oriented N120° to N165°, affect both the basement of the Aïr Mountains and the sandstone for­mations on which the city of Agadez is built. These observations showed that building cracking in Agadez region has a higher propagation tendency according to the directions rang­ing from NW-SE (N135°) to NNW-SSE (N165°). Therefore, the buildings cracking has a stronger propagation component according to these mean directions those are not recommended for building. To prevent and reduce the risks related to building cracking in Agadez region, it is highly recommended to build in the minor directions of cracking propagation which correspond to NE and SW directions.