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Human knowledge comes from education, experience and social interaction. Clerkship students actively participate in clinical training under supervision. Maxillofacial trauma, often caused by accidents, can cause mandibular fractures. Tooth avulsion, detachment from the socket due to injury, often occurs in the maxillary central incisors. Immediate tooth replantation is the best treatment. Research Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of clerkship students regarding the management of permanent tooth avulsions. Method: This research uses an analytical observational research design with a cross sectional research design. The population in this study were all clerkship students in 2023 with a total of 88 respondents. Determining the number of samples uses total sampling. Data collection used a knowledge level pattern questionnaire. Data analysis used SPSS with Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. Research Results: Most of the respondents were women, 72 respondents (84.7%). Most of the respondents had a clerkship period of less than 1 year, 43 respondents (5.6%). Most of the respondents had undergone oral surgery, 50 respondents (58.8%). Most respondents had knowledge in the low category, 38 respondents (44.7%). Conclusion: The majority of students have a low level of knowledge regarding the management of permanent tooth avulsion. There was no significant difference between knowledge regarding the management of permanent tooth avulsion. Suggestion: Efforts are needed to increase students' level of knowledge regarding the management of permanent tooth avulsions.

Medicinal plants have been known and used worldwide for thousands of years. One type of medicinal plant that is often used is gaharu. The efficacy of gaharu leaves provides properties as a fever reducer, increases appetite, launches menstruation, and relieves pain. This study aims to determine whether there is an analgesic effect from the methanol extract of gaharu leaves in male Wistar rats using the heat stimulation method. This study was an experimental study using twenty-five male Wistar rats divided into five groups. Group I (negative control), rats were treated with 1% CMC-Na. Group II (positive control), rats treated with mefenamic acid 45 mg/kg BW. Group III, IV, and V rats were treated with gaharu leaf methanol extract suspension (100; 200, and 400) mg/kg BW. Pain stimulation was carried out by dipping the rat tail into a 40°C water bath. Data on response time to pain, stimuli were analyzed using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) method with a 95% confidence level followed by a post-hoc Tukey test to determine which group had the same or significantly different effect. The results showed that the normal response time data for mice to painful stimuli ranged from 2.79 to 3.57 seconds. 1% CMC-Na treatment in mice was unable to increase the response time to a significant pain stimulus (p>0.05). Mefenamic acid treatment 45 mg/Kg BW significantly increased the response time to painful stimuli (p<0.05) with the longest average response time to painful stimuli, namely 8.87 seconds. Based on the method used in this research, methanol extract of agarwood leaves 400 mg/kgBW has almost the same analgesic effect as mefenamic acid 45 mg/KgBW.

Basil leaves are very rich in nutritious substances. Among them are beta carotene, vitamin C, macro minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium). This plant is included in the Lamiaceae family which contains various chemical compounds, including phenols, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils. The benefits of basil have been widely applied in people's lives as traditional medicine, for example, basil leaves are used to treat, cough, colds and so on. Body odor can be caused by several factors such as genetic factors, psychological conditions, food factors, obesity factors and clothing materials used.One of the triggers of body odor due to bacterial infection, namely Staphyloccous aureus bacteria.This study aims to formulate deodorant spray ethanol extract of basil leaves, test the physical properties of deodorant spray preparations, and determine whether the preparation of deodorant spray ethanol extract of basil leaves can inhibit staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Physical tests were carried out on days 0 (after manufacture) and 7 with the results of the organoleptical physical test of the preparation having a distinctive odor of basil, brownish yellow in color, It has a pH of 4 which corresponds to the pH of the skin, and experiencing an increase in viscosity on day 7 examination. The antibacterial test results of formulations 1, 2, and 3 showed inhibition of the banteri.

Medicinal plants have been known and used worldwide for thousands of years. One type of medicinal plant that is often used is gaharu. The efficacy of gaharu leaves provides properties as a fever reducer, increases appetite, launches menstruation, and relieves pain. This study aims to determine whether there is an analgesic effect from the methanol extract of gaharu leaves in male Wistar rats using the heat stimulation method. This study was an experimental study using twenty-five male Wistar rats divided into five groups. Group I (negative control), rats were treated with 1% CMC-Na. Group II (positive control), rats treated with mefenamic acid 45 mg/kg BW. Group III, IV, and V rats were treated with gaharu leaf methanol extract suspension (100; 200, and 400) mg/kg BW. Pain stimulation was carried out by dipping the rat tail into a 40°C water bath. Data on response time to pain, stimuli were analyzed using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) method with a 95% confidence level followed by a post-hoc Tukey test to determine which group had the same or significantly different effect. The results showed that the normal response time data for mice to painful stimuli ranged from 2.79 to 3.57 seconds. 1% CMC-Na treatment in mice was unable to increase the response time to a significant pain stimulus (p>0.05). Mefenamic acid treatment 45 mg/Kg BW significantly increased the response time to painful stimuli (p<0.05) with the longest average response time to painful stimuli, namely 8.87 seconds. Based on the method used in this research, methanol extract of agarwood leaves 400 mg/kgBW has almost the same analgesic effect as mefenamic acid 45 mg/KgBW.

Manggihan Village, Getasan District, Semarang Regency, which is at the foot of Mount Merbabu, is close to the Kopeng tourist destination area. This village has a population that has professional business owners in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) category in the culinary sector which makes cracker rambak, processed dry food with various types of chips And processed catfish food. The problem faced in their business is that they do not yet have a product identity in the packaging such as sticker labels, packaging that attracts potential buyers, so the message of the product has not been conveyed. This community service activity aims to provide knowledge and awareness for MSMEs about the importance of product packaging that attracts potential buyers thereby providing added value and competitive advantage for the products produced. The method used in this service is holding socialization activities on the importance of product branding, training, and assistance in making sticker labels and food product packaging design. In the mentoring process, a needs analysis is first carried out including the type of packaging material, packaging shape, packaging identity color, and product logo. It is hoped that the output targets that will be achieved through this program will help partner MSMEs increase the amount of income from sales by using new packaging and product logos designed in such a way that they are attractive to buyers. The product packaging and labels produced as the output of this activity can become an identity. a typical Manggihan Village product that differentiates it from similar products in other areas  

This study aims to investigate the integration of Neo-Sufi values ​​into the Social Welfare Education curriculum in Indonesian Islamic universities. The focus of the study includes the relevance of the Neo-Sufi ethical-spiritual framework to graduate competencies, as well as an analysis of curriculum documents, conceptual models, and academic discourse. The research employs a qualitative method with a systematic literature review design, drawing from indexed scientific articles, academic regulations, and curriculum syllabi from three state Islamic universities. The findings indicate that values ​​such as empathy, justice, sincerity, and social service are implicitly present but are not yet systematically structured within the curriculum design. No operational pedagogical model was found that explicitly references Neo-Sufism. The main conclusion asserts that the integration of Neo-Sufism into the curriculum represents a transformative opportunity to develop graduates who are not only professionally competent but also spiritually grounded. Future curriculum development should include explicit modules and pedagogical strategies rooted in Sufi values.

It is necessary to take action because the speaking abilities of the youngsters at Baitul Hikmah Early Childhood Education have declined. The purpose of this study is to enhance young children's speaking skills in early childhood education by using role-playing exercises. The John Elliot model of classroom action research is applied in this study methodology. Teachers, parents, and kids in Baitul Hikmah 1 Early Childhood Education are the subjects of this study. There are nine males and eleven girls among the twenty children. Data for this study were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. The researcher observed the children at Baitul Hikmah Early Childhood Education 1 and their speaking ability. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis were employed to analyze the data for this study. The study's findings demonstrate that playing activities can help Baitul Hikmah 1 Early Childhood Education students' speaking abilities.

The teaching material design of Tourism Management should meet the vocational students' needs and be relevant to the workplace milieu. A few coursebooks have recently been offered to fulfill the student's needs. Some books that are usually used are about tourism management materials in general. It needs to meet the student's needs. This study aims to describe the process of developing English Materials for Tourism Management courses and how the development of English materials for Tourism Management courses can help students learn Tourism Management. The method used was Research and Development. There were four steps: Defining, Designing, developing, and disseminating. The finding showed that developing materials follows four steps: define, design, design, and disseminate. In Define showed that EFL learners and lecturers need relevant teaching-learning materials that can instantly be applied in the teaching-learning process. In Desing, steps showed that the result of the design stage is a Tourism Management handout based on problem-based learning. The result of this book design is that it contains ten chapters and 110 pages. In Develop steps is the validity test. The last step is Dissemination; the materials are shared with the EFL Learners and lecturers who taught tourism management classes as a reference. This study had two implications; first, Developing this textbook would improve the lecturer's role in the Tourism Management classroom as a facilitator, motivator, and manager. Second, implementing this textbook into the teaching-learning process in Tourism Management classes can improve students' motivation.

This research aims to describe the application of the academic supervision model to supervisors in developing Islamic religious education teachers in Pondok Jambi City Faith Islamic Boarding School and Jambi City As'ad Islamic Boarding School. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The subject of this research is the supervisor, chairman Madrasah, teachers and students at the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School, Jambi City and As'ad, Jambi City. Data collection The techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. Processing technique and data analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and verification or withdrawal.Conclusion The research results show that the implementation of academic supervision supervisor of the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City and the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City From a planning aspect, a monitoring program has been included because The supervisor has carried out planning before carrying out supervision activities by making agreement with the madrasah personnel who will be supervised so that they prepare themselves. However, that is The teacher development aspect has not gone well, so have many aspects of assessment. These are the results of the implementation of the supervisor's academic supervision on development of Islamic religious education teachers in Pondok The Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City and the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City are not yet optimal so they still need to be done improved, especially in the development and assessment aspects

The Madrasah Principal is the school personnel responsible for all activities at school. He has the authority and responsibility to Manages all educational activities in the school he leads. Supervision is a coaching activity planned to help teachers and staff other schools so they can do their jobs effectively. Objective This research is to find out the academic supervision strategies carried out by madrasa heads to improve teacher academic performance at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Jambi City.Results of academic supervision. . This research method is qualitative phenomenology with a study research design case. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Technique data analysis using flow, data reduction, presentation of data at the verification stage. Testing Data validity was carried out using a triangulation approach. The two teachers' planning stages were included in the good category with recap scores of 86% and 89%. In the implementation stage, class 1 teachers obtained a score of 86% in the good category, a score of 91% obtained by the class 4 teacher in the very good category. In the evaluation stage, both teachers were also included in the category both with recap scores of 86% and 85%. Meanwhile, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at the SD/MI level prioritizes project-based learning in order to realize the Pancasila Student Profile. This is also very relevant to 21st century learning which equips students with the 4C skills needed to answer the challenges of the times. There are 3 (three) options in implementing or implementing the independent curriculum (IKM) at the SD/MI level, namely: Independent Learning Category, independent change category and independent sharing category at class I and class IV SD/MI levels starting in the 2022/2023 school year .

Abortion, as an intentional act of terminating pregnancy, focuses on various reasons, including maternal health conditions, fetal abnormalities, pregnancies resulting from rape, and economic and social factors. Abortion is considered a significant public health issue, particularly due to its substantial impact on maternal morbidity and mortality. This study also highlights the importance of considering values and ethics in abortion decision-making, emphasizing the role of an axiological approach. The research method is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The findings indicate that abortion decisions are influenced by economic factors, marital status, and psychosocial aspects. An axiological approach is crucial for considering ethical and moral values in abortion decisions.

This research aims to describe the implementation of the management strategy of the training at Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Bandung in the era of Industry Revolution 4.0. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The selection of informants in this study was done using purposive sampling techniques (sampel bertujuan). Data collection techniques are done by means of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The phase of data analysis involves data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study show that Pesantren Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Bandung implemented strategy management through four stages, namely: First, environmental analysis is carried out in two ways: external and internal. External factors are the demand for human resources with increased capabilities in the field of technology, while internal factors are strong leadership commitment. Second, the formulation of the strategy is made by the trainer, Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Bandung, by formulating the vision, mission, and objectives as well as the strategy of curriculum development. Third, the implementation of the strategy is done to implement the plan that has been made in strategy formulation. At this stage of implementation, there is a learning process that is integrated with technology, i.e., a YouTube-based online review that is carried out every morning; and fourth, an evaluation of the training strategy of Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Bandung is performed to see if the implementation is in line with the planned strategy formulation. Evaluation is carried out in a number of ways, including in the form of a sudden inspection and other evaluations using a group evaluation system.

The purpose of this study is to explore the efforts to enhance language and writing skills in students by utilizing news listening. This research follows a qualitative approach with a Literature Review method and focuses on students majoring in English education. The study results indicate that the endeavor to improve the language and writing abilities of students through news listening has a positive impact on enhancing their communication and writing skills. Additionally, this activity contributes to shaping critical and analytical thinking in response to the information they receive, structuring ideas, and detailed composition in their written work.

This article describes the training and teaching of Bible songs conducted at the Gereja Kristen Setia Indoneisa (GKSI) Nazareth Keladan, West Kalimantan, with the aim of increasing children's spiritual identity and Bible understanding. Participatory approach methods and song-based learning approaches were applied in this activity. This article describes the process of planning and implementing the training, the materials presented, as well as the results and impacts achieved. It is hoped that the training and teaching of Bible songs will strengthen children's relationship with the Bible, help them recognize the character and values of the Bible, and increase their participation in the worship life of the church.

The main problem in this study is how the social background contained in the novel Tanah Air Beta which includes: habits of life; beliefs; outlook on life; ways of thinking and behaving; and social status of the people of ex-East Timor. The purpose of this study was to describe the social background contained in the novel Tanah Air Beta by Sefryana Khairil, based on the life skills of the ex-East Timorese people; beliefs; views on life; ways of thinking and behaving; and social status of the ex-East Timorese people. The theory used to answer the objectives and problems of this study is the theory of sociology of literature that sees literature has a relationship with reality, the extent to which literary works reflect reality. The Data of this study are words, sentences, events in the novel that show and explain the social background in the novel Homeland Beta. The results showed that the novel Tanah Air Beta by Sefryana Khairil contains the social background of the ex-East Timorese community. The social background in question is: the Social way of life of the ex-East Timorese community which includes; the habit of gardening,raising livestock,bathing in the lake together,and selling retail gasoline; belief in God as the creator; outlook on life; ways of thinking and behaving; and the social status of the ex-East Timorese community

Phrase structure and transformation is a theory of generative transformation grammar which can produce or generate and change a certain linguistic form into another new linguistic form, which did not previously exist. Language consists of a deep layer and a surface layer. This theory separates language into two layers, namely deep structure and surface structure. Language analysis always starts from the sentences in the poem "AKU" by Chairil Anwar. The purpose of this research is to find out about the phrase structure and transformations in AKU poetry in the form of sentences and to analyze them based on transformation theory. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method using reading and note-taking techniques in data collection techniques. The data analysis technique used is the agi method. The results of this research show that the sentences in the AKU poem undergo transformation and have a phrase structure in each sentence.

This research aims to develop literary comic media as a learning medium for middle school students, produce viable comic products, and determine the differences in the results of applying comic media in experimental classes and control classes. This research uses a Research and Development research design. The trial was carried out at SMPN 3 Medan and SMPN 5 Medan. This trial use used True Experimental Design class VII-D at SMPN 3 Medan and class VII-A at SMPN 5 Medan. The instruments given were a product needs questionnaire with 14 questions and a test with 2 questions. Data analysis used the independent t-test which contained a difference test between 2 independent samples and hypothetically used the Mann Withney test which found differences in the independent learning outcomes of junior high school students between using comic media and not using comic media. This is proven from the results of the Mann Withney test calculations, so it can be concluded that there are differences in learning outcomes for junior high school students, and literary comic media is suitable for use as a learning medium. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by related parties, such as teachers, students and future researchers

MAN 1 Ternate is an Islamic educational institution, so the implementation of character education is one of the important things in the institution, especially Islamic characteristics. The programs carried out are morning dhikr and madrasah mengaji which are always carried out every day before students enter the classroom. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the morning dhikr and madrasah mengaji programs in improving the Islamic characteristics of students at MAN 1 Ternate. The type of research is qualitative. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques consist of data collection, categorization, and verification. As an Islamic-based educational institution, MAN 1 Ternate implements various programs to form Islamic character, one of which is through morning dhikr and madrasah mengaji activities. The morning dhikr program is carried out every morning before learning begins with the aim of calming the heart and building a positive spirit through reminders of the name of Allah. Meanwhile, madrasah mengaji aims to deepen students' understanding in reading the Qur'an. The results of the study showed that both programs contributed significantly to improving student discipline, strengthening spiritual and moral values, and building a social attitude that cares about others. These programs also help students to be more disciplined, responsible, and have noble morals. Overall, the implementation of morning dhikr and madrasah mengaji at MAN 1 Ternate has proven effective in forming a strong Islamic character in students, creating a better generation, and getting closer to Allah SWT.    

This study aims to describe the application of Islamic business ethics as the main foundation for the Ma'arif NU Banyuwangi business entity. The method applied in this study is qualitative research. In this study, data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and documentation. This study uses interactive analysis for data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the application of Islamic business ethics in the Ma'arif NU Banyuwangi Business Entity is the main foundation for running a fair, sustainable, and ethical business. Principles such as monotheism, balance, responsibility, freedom within the limits of sharia, and Ihsan form the basis for business management, which not only prioritizes material profit but also social and spiritual welfare. With Islamic business ethics, this business entity is able to build public trust and create broad benefits for all parties involved.

The development of an Islamic-based economy in Indonesia has spread to many fields, both financial and non-financial. It is very clear that the Islamic financial system in Indonesia has the ability to encourage faster economic growth and increase financial stability with the aim of improving the welfare of individuals and society. Strategic steps are needed to optimize the sharia economic system at the national and international levels so that the effect is greater. The purpose of this paper is to philosophically analyze the structure of the sharia economy, as well as the methods and systems needed to accelerate sharia economic growth in the city of Medan. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) data analysis is used in this research to determine strategies for building an Islamic economic and business system in Medan City.