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Naufal Azrial Darmawan

Journal of Management and Social Sciences (JIMAS) 2025 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

Every organization needs to have the right strategy to survive in carrying out its operational activities. Employee loyalty has attracted much attention because it is the expectation that motivated and loyal employees will act in the best interests of the organization. This research aims to determine the influence of work motivation, job satisfaction, and work environment on employee loyalty at CIMB Niaga Bank, South Jakarta. The respondents for this research were 125 respondents with criteria based on gender aged 17 - 55 who worked at CIMB Niaga Bank, South Jakarta in the last 3 months. The analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression. The research results parcial show that work motivation has a significant effect on employee loyalty, job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee loyalty and the work environment has no effect on employee loyalty. Then simultaneously work motivation, job satisfaction and work environment have a significant effect on employee loyalty.

Fandy Abdi Darma

Journal of Management and Social Sciences (JIMAS) 2025 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

The sugar tax has emerged as a strategy adopted by various countries to address public health issues caused by excessive sugar consumption. This study examines the impact of the tax in the UK and Mexico, as well as its implications for Indonesia. Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) show that per capita sugar consumption in Indonesia far exceeds the recommended limits set by the Ministry of Health and WHO, increasing the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity. In the UK, the sugar tax successfully reduced sugar consumption, particularly among children and adolescents, while in Mexico, sugary beverage consumption also declined significantly. Besides reducing sugar intake, the tax generates revenue that can fund public health programs. However, resistance from the food and beverage industry and local communities presents challenges. This study recommends implementing a sugar tax in Indonesia as a strategic step to improve public health, supported by complementary policies promoting healthy eating and stronger consumer protections.

Sulistyani Eka Lestari; RM. Armaya Mangkunegara; Teguh Endi Widodo; Ruminingsih Ruminingsih; Ciptono Ciptono

Birokrasi: JURNAL ILMU HUKUM DAN TATA NEGARA 2025 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

The issuance of Minister of Trade Regulation Number 31 of 2023 concerning Business Licensing, Advertising, Guidance, and Supervision of Business Actors in Electronic Commerce is the Indonesian government's effort to regulate digital trading activities, including those conducted through social commerce platforms like TikTok Shop. This regulation aims to create a balanced trade ecosystem, ensure fair competition, and protect micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the midst of rapid technological advancements. However, the implementation of this regulation also raises challenges, particularly for MSME actors who rely on social commerce platforms as a marketplace. This paper aims to analyze the impact of the regulation on TikTok Shop and its implications for MSME development in Indonesia. The analysis is conducted by examining the content of the regulation and its effects on various stakeholders in the e-commerce ecosystem.

Isgar Muhammad Ricky Tumoka; Muhammad Arjuna

Journal of Administrative and Sosial Science (JASS) 2025 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

The role of leadership is something that is very related to employee work discipline. Meanwhile, work discipline is a benchmark in assessing employee performance in a company. However, at PT. Arta Samudra still has some employees who lack discipline in carrying out their job responsibilities. Among them are coming on time, often abusing the facilities provided. With a qualitative method, this study is aimed at determining the role of leadership in employee work discipline at PT. Arta Samudra, what are the obstacles faced by the leadership to employee performance at PT. Ocean Art. The results obtained are that the role of leadership in employee work discipline is good, but there are still some employees who lack discipline, with the obstacles faced by the leadership, namely the lack of reliable Human Resources and also the special treatment given to employees, and also trying to speak up to all employees about what is expected as their efforts.

Rizqia Noni Noviantry; Siti Kadariah

Maslahah : Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi Syariah 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

This research aims to analyze the gold investment mechanism through gold savings products at PT. Sharia Pawnshop Cab AR. Medan Judge and To determine the suitability of the gold investment mechanism through gold savings products, the mechanism is in accordance with MUI Fatwa No. 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 or not.This research uses descriptive qualitative methods, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with employees and Nadabah PT. Sharia Pawnshop Cab AR. Medan Judge as well as observations, documentation and literature studies. The research results show that the gold investment mechanism in gold savings products has been running well, providing easy access for customers, and is assessed in accordance with sharia principles, namely DSN-MUI Fatwa No.77/V/2010 with a combination of wadiah (deposit) and murabahah (sale) contracts. buy) which provides flexibility and certainty for customers in managing gold savings. However, in the mechanism, various challenges arise. Such as customer understanding of the benefits and mechanisms as well as compliance with sharia principles (National Sharia Council Fatwa). The benefit of this research is to provide clear information to customers (the public) regarding the benefits and mechanisms of investing in gold through gold savings, so that it can serve as a guide in making investment decisions. Apart from that, the results of this research can be input for PT. Pegadaian Syariah always provides outreach and education to customers regarding the benefits and mechanisms as well as compliance with sharia. For the University, it can provide useful input and provide references in the field of sharia investment, especially regarding gold savings. This research concludes that gold investment through gold savings products at PT. Sharia pawnshops are a safe and sharia-compliant investment alternative, and have the potential to increase financial inclusion in Indonesia

Exgi Handayani; Muhammad Ridwan

Maslahah : Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi Syariah 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

This study aims to determine the factors that influence customer decisions in choosing Mudharabah deposit products at PT Bank Sumut Marelan Raya Branch Office. This study uses variables of Service, Location, Religiosity that influence Mudharabah Deposit Customer Decisions. This research method uses quantitative research using data collection methods, namely questionnaires or questionnaires, while the data analysis technique used is the multiple regression analysis method. The population in this study were customers at PT Bank Sumut Marelan Raya Branch Office totaling 139 respondents from these respondents, the researcher only took a sample of 103 respondents. The data that has been obtained is then processed using the SPSS Version 25 application. Data processing and analysis techniques are, instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing. From the results of simultaneous hypothesis testing, the Fcount value (85.042)> Ftable (3.09) was obtained, so it can be concluded that service, location and religiosity simultaneously have a significant effect on customer decisions. In addition, from the results of the determination test, it is known that the determination coefficient value in the Adjusted R Square column is 0.720, meaning that the variables Service, Location and Religiosity have an influence of 72.0% on the Customer Decision variable. While 28.0% is influenced by other variables not explained in this study. For the Service variable, the partial t-count value (2.572)> t-table (1.984) is obtained, meaning that the Service variable partially has a significant effect on Customer Decisions. The Location variable partially has a t-count value (3.090)> t-table (1.984), meaning that the Location variable partially has a significant effect on Customer Decisions. The Religiosity variable partially has a t-count value (4.842)> t-table (1.984), meaning that the Religiosity variable partially has a significant effect on Customer Decisions. The results of this study indicate that the variables of Service, Location and Religiosity have an effect on Customer Decisions Using Mudharabah Deposit Products at PT Bank Sumut Marelan Raya Branch Office

Listyaningsih Listyaningsih; Budi Kramadibrata

Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah (JUPIEKES) 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

The use of brand ambassadors and digital marketing campaigns has become a popular strategy for companies to reach consumers and influence their purchase decisions through social media content, ultimately increasing sales and company profits. This study aims to determine the effect of Brand Ambassador and Digital Marketing on Purchase Decision of Nabati wafer products in Jakarta. The research sample consisted of 96 respondents. A descriptive quantitative method was employed in this study, with the sample selected using simple random sampling. Data analysis techniques included instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression, determination testing, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that Brand Ambassador partially influences Purchase Decision, and Digital Marketing also partially influences Purchase Decision. Additionally, Brand Ambassador and Digital Marketing simultaneously influence Purchase Decision.

Elza Natalia; Lazarus Ramandei; Sudiro Sudiro

Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah (JUPIEKES) 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

This study aims to analyze the potential of local wisdom-based creative economy in Soaib Village, Kemtuk District, Jayapura Regency. Soaib Village has cultural wealth and abundant natural resources, including organic cocoa and orchids, which make it potential to be developed into a sustainable creative economy sector. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the SWOT method, explanatory analysis, and Geographic Information System (GIS) to map the potential of existing resources. The results showed that organic cocoa and orchids are leading sectors that can be the driving force of the local economy. However, there are significant challenges, such as limited infrastructure, lack of technical training, cocoa pests, and limited market access. Support from organizations such as WWF in providing training and mentoring has had a positive impact, especially in improving community skills related to forest product management and orchid cultivation. The SWOT analysis revealed several key factors: (1) strengths in the form of natural resources and active community participation; (2) weaknesses in the form of lack of infrastructure and capital; (3) opportunities in the form of global demand for organic products and government support; and (4) threats in the form of climate change and competition from other regions. With more structured and inclusive management, this potential can be maximized to support sustainable economic development. This research emphasizes the importance of local wisdom as a foundation in creative economic development, while maintaining environmental sustainability. The resulting strategic recommendations include improving infrastructure, strengthening technical training, strengthening local institutions, and promoting awareness about the importance of sustainability. With these steps, Soaib Village is expected to become an example of successful management of local wisdom-based creative economy that can be replicated in other areas.

Daffa Mahendra; Rudy P. Tobing

Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah (JUPIEKES) 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Background: The advancement of digital technology has transformed how consumers interact with brands, including in the skincare industry. Social media, particularly Instagram, has become an effective platform to enhance brand awareness and influence purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze the effect of social media marketing and brand awareness on the purchasing decisions of Skintific products on Shopee, a leading e-commerce platform in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approach: This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to 97 respondents who met specific criteria, such as having purchased Skintific products on Shopee. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS software to examine the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable.Results: The findings reveal that social media marketing and brand awareness have a positive and significant impact on consumers' purchasing decisions. Social media marketing, through engaging and interactive content, effectively increases consumer interest, while brand awareness strengthens product image in consumers' minds, encouraging them to make purchases.Research limitations/Implications: This study has several limitations, such as being limited at Jakarta and having a relatively small sample size, making the results less generalizable to all consumers in Indonesia. The implications of this research provide insights for skincare business practitioners about the importance of digital marketing strategies, particularly through social media, to boost sales.

Muhammad Halif Asyroful Bahana

Tabsyir: Jurnal Dakwah dan Sosial Humaniora 2025 STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

This article aims to find out how the practice of reading Yasin's letter and explaining the reception of reading Yasin's letter to the lives of students at the Tahfidhul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Hikmah Purwoari. In their daily life, the students are required to take part in reading Yasin's letter after the Maghrib prayer in congregation. There are two focuses of study in this study, namely: First, the implementation of the tradition of reading Yasin's letter which is carried out after maghrib prayers. The second is regarding the reception of the tradition of reading Yasin's letter at the Tahfidhul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Hikmah Purwoari. This research is a field research and studied using qualitative research methods. Data collection was obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data sources of this study were caregivers, students and alumni of the Tahfidhul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Hikmah Purwoasri Kediri. The results of this study indicate; First, the implementation of the tradition of reading Yasin's letter by following several procedures and implementations. Among them are reading tawassul and tahlil, reading Yasin's letter together, and praying. Second, the reception of the tradition of reading Yasin's letters which have objective, expressive, and documentary meanings. As with these activities, we get blessings from reading the Qur'an, our sins are forgiven by Allah SWT, we get the reward of 10 times reading the Qur'an and get peace of mind.

Darman Syafe’i; Firnawati Sakalena; Mauidotul Malikhah; Salsa Nadillah; Indiana Indiana +1 more

Jurnal Pengabdian Bersama Masyarakat Indonesia 2025 CV. Aksara Global Akademia

Verticulture is a way of farming or farming using planting media in containers arranged vertically (in tiers) to utilize the school yard.Verticulture can also be interpreted as a cultivation mechanism in a multi-level agricultural system with limited types of agricultural land available in the school area, so that planting using verticulture can be a solution for children in MI. The aim of verticulture is to get around the limited land in the school area, so that people who do not have land or land can still be productive in the agricultural sector.

Siti Saharia; Diva Isnayati; Israyanti Israyanti; Muniati Muniati; Abuzar Algifari +6 more

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumtif di kalangan mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Maumere. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengaruh media sosial, FOMO, dan impulsivitas merupakan faktor utama yang mendorong perilaku konsumtif. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi bahwa kurangnya pendidikan keuangan dan literasi digital memperparah masalah ini. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan perlunya intervensi yang komprehensif, termasuk pendidikan keuangan yang lebih baik, kampanye kesadaran, serta regulasi yang lebih ketat terhadap iklan yang menargetkan anak muda.

Yuyun Ernawati Samad; Rusmayadi; Muhammad Akil Musi; Syamsuardi

JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN KEBUDAYAAN DAN AGAMA 2025 CV. ALIM'SPUBLISHING

This research is a qualitative research used to determine the application of positive early childhood  discipline as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in its application. Data collection was carried out by observation and interview methods. The application of positive discipline in question includes the stages of application that are carried out technically and the application of positive discipline in essence, namely the application of the 7 principles of positive discipline. The results of the study show that the application of positive discipline is carried out through 3 stages, namely the socialization stage, the preparation stage and the implementation stage. The application was carried out in 10 study groups. The application is also applied by paying attention to the 7 principles of positive discipline which are the essence of positive discipline itself.  The factors that support the implementation of positive discipline are the readiness of educators to continue learning, the adaptive attitude of educators, the superior personality competencies possessed by educators, adequate school facilities, the ideal number of students in each class, and the Special Curriculum owned by the Institution. The factors that hinder the implementation are that educators' understanding of the implementation of positive discipline has not been comprehensive, the role of schools in the implementation of discipline has not been carried out comprehensively, and there has been no evaluation of the results of the implementation of positive discipline.

Migdes C Kause; Halani Felda Sunbanu; Dyen E Lakapu; Melifera Y Makleat; Serlinia R Anawoli

JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT AKADEMISI (JPMA), 2025 CV. ALIM'SPUBLISHING

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini  bertujuan untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Dengan Menggunakan Alat peraga Pada Siswa. Secara garis besar kegitan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bermaksud untuk memberikan wawasan dan pemahaman serta dapat menumbuhkan motivasi belajar peserta didik khusunya dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode yang digunakan adalah  tahapan persiapan dan tahapan pelaksanaan.  Hasil kegiatan PKM  ini khususnya peserta didik kelas IV SD GMIT Bakitba dapat menumbukan motivasi belajar peserta didik khususnya dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penggunaan alat peraga dalam pembelajaran matematika merupakan salah satu cara dalam menumbuhkan semangat belajar peserta didik. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dengan tema “Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Dengan Menggunakan Alat peraga Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD GMIT Bakitba””  dapat  dikatakan  sukses  terlaksana  sesuai  rencana.  Antusiame peserta didik dalam mengukuti setiap penjelasaan menjadi tolak ukur bahwa kegiatan ini sukses dilaksanakan

Siti Yuliana Novitasari; Fathorrahman Fathorrahman; Ainun Najib

Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

The provisions of the 1945 Constitution Article 1 paragraph (3) "The State of Indonesia is a State of Law". In addition to being a state of law, Indonesia is also a democratic state. In the concept of democracy, the government of a country is a government of the people, by the people, and for the people (principle of democracy). One of the important moments for the state of Indonesia to adopt a democratic system is the implementation of elections. Elections are also a means to encourage accountability and public control over the state, direct elections will make prospective leaders in the election contest do various ways to attract public sympathy to be able to vote for them. Even with methods that violate the constitution are also carried out. As is often the case in society during the election period, namely money politics . Legal regulations related to money politics in Law no. 7 of 2017 concerning elections include several special articles that prohibit the practice of money politics, but legal loopholes in election regulations include unclear definitions and ambiguous exceptions. Law enforcement against the practice of money politics in Indonesia still faces many challenges. This study uses a library study method supported by relevant research. The results of the study show that the root of the problem of the emergence of money politics is the existence of legal loopholes, weak supervision and a proportional election system that opens up opportunities for the development of money politics. The problem of money politics needs to be analyzed to obtain an effective strategy in preventing it. Money politics is not in accordance with the principles of democratic theory which demands freedom and justice. Elections are said to be fair if all people have the same right to choose leaders by not violating the rule of law.

Suyitno Suyitno; Dudik Djaja Sidarta; Renda Aranggraeni

Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This study aims to examine the legal aspects of the restoration of political rights of former convicts in the Constitutional Court Decision Number 4/PUU/VII/2009, with a focus on the protection of human rights in the constitution. The decision is important in the context of changes in the law governing political rights for former convicts in Indonesia, which were previously limited by the existing legal system. In this decision, the Constitutional Court ruled that restrictions on political rights for former convicts were not in line with the principles of human rights guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution. This study uses a normative approach by analyzing laws and regulations, Constitutional Court decisions, and legal doctrines related to human rights and political rights. The results of the study indicate that the restoration of political rights for former convicts is an important step in ensuring the protection of human rights, as well as creating a more rehabilitative and inclusive criminal justice system. In addition, the decision also has important implications for efforts to improve the legal system in Indonesia, which should pay more attention to the rehabilitation of convicts and the restoration of their social status after serving their sentence.

Muhammad Muhammad; Bahrul Amiq; M. Yustino Aribawa

Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This research is based on the ambiguity of street naming norms in statutory regulations, this causes the legality of street naming in the Mojokerto city government area to be questioned. Based on this description, the author formulates the problem formulation as follows: (1) What is the authority of the Mojokerto City Government in naming roads? (2) What is the legality of naming roads belonging to the Mojokerto city government?This research uses a normative juridical research type with a statutory approach, a historical approach and a conceptual approach using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials.The research results from this thesis show that the Mojokerto City Government does not have direct authority to name roads in its area. There is a lack of normative legal regulations in regulating transitional conditions in the naming of landforms, especially roads. The legality of naming roads belonging to the Mojokerto city government can be questioned due to the absence of statutory norms that order local governments to form legal products related to street naming.

Sajida Sajida; Ryza Dani Pratiwi

Public Service And Governance Journal 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

The present study reflects upon the initial evaluation of Indonesia's readiness for the ethical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) per the available evaluation framework, namely, the UNESCO Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM). The analysis considers key legal, social, scientific, economic, and technical dimensions pertaining to governance of artificial intelligence in Indonesia, with the view to exploring particular gaps and opportunities for improvement. Following a detailed secondary-document analysis, this study underscores the capacity of the country to apply AI within economic, governance, and sustainable development domains while tackling ethical challenges. The study also makes recommendations for legal systems and frameworks, infrastructure, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The limitations of the present assessment are indicated, alongside guidance for future studies to pursue an inclusive and sustainable AI ecosystem in Indonesia.

Bambang Setyohadi Kuswarna Putra

SARGA: Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945

Penelitian dengan pendekatan inovatif melalui integrasi permodelan 3D dan analisa semiotika untuk dokumentasi dan pelestarian heritage industri gula di Jawa Tengah. Tema Konservasi menjadi hal penting karena pada dasarnya kehadiran Pabrik Gula di era kolonial tidak hanya sekedar memiliki nilai historis dan arsitektur saja, namun merupakan simbol identitas budaya lokal yang terancam kerusakan fisik dan kurangnya pendekatan pelestarian yang holistik. Penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif ini dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data berupa observasi lapangan, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan pemodelan digital dengan perangkat lunak Autodesk Revit. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk memahami terhadap nilai-nilai semantik, sedang analisis visual untuk evaluasi elemen arsitektural pada model 3D. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan melalui pemodelan 3D dapat merepresentasikan elemen arsitektural pabrik : struktur atap, dinding, dan ornamen khas kolonial, dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi. Sedangkan melalui analisisi semiotika dapat diidentifikasi terhadap tiga hal utama, yaitu budaya, sejarah, dan identitas, yang melekat pada arsitektur industri tersebut. Dalam hal ini menekankan arti pentingnya nilai-nilai semantik pada pelestarian dan konservasi bangunan. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara signifikan dalam pengembangan metoda pelestarian bangunan heritage di Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian dapat diadaptasi guna mendukung kebijakan konservasi dan pendidikan. Penelitian lanjutan dengan mengeksplorasi teknologi yang terjangkau dan melibatkan komunitas sangat disarankan, guna memastikan keberlanjutan pelestarian heritage dimasa depan.

Salma Faizatun Solikhah; M. Miftah Nurul Haq; Miftahul Khairi

SARGA: Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 2025 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945

Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah (MAJT) merupakan representasi arsitektur yang menggabungkan nilai religius Islam dengan budaya lokal Jawa serta elemen modern, tercermin pada elemen seperti kubah, atap tajug, minaret, pola ruang, ornamen kaligrafi-batik, hingga Gerbang Al-Qonathir. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana desain MAJT merepresentasikan harmoni antara nilai-nilai tradisional dan modernitas melalui simbolisme budaya dan inovasi arsitektural. Elemen seperti serambi yang terinspirasi dari masjid Arab dimodifikasi dengan pola “U” dan dilengkapi dengan elemen lokal seperti bedug serta air mancur sebagai interpretasi baru tempat wudhu. Kaligrafi Arab dipadukan dengan motif batik untuk merepresentasikan identitas Jawa, sementara Gerbang Al-Qonathir menggabungkan seni Romawi dan Jawa sebagai simbol keterbukaan budaya. Pola ruang masjid yang hierarkis dan inklusif mencerminkan adaptasi filosofi tata ruang Jawa dalam konteks modern. Desain keseluruhan MAJT menunjukkan perpaduan harmonis antara fungsi spiritual, sosial, dan budaya, menjadikannya ikon yang relevan sebagai pusat religius dan budaya di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa arsitektur dapat menjadi medium komunikasi yang efektif dalam menjembatani nilai-nilai tradisional, agama, dan inovasi modern secara holistik.