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This study aims to examine the influence of principal leadership and school culture on teacher discipline in public junior high schools (SMP Negeri) in Sembawa District, Banyuasin Regency. Teacher discipline is an important factor in supporting the effectiveness of the learning process and achieving educational goals. Therefore, understanding the factors that contribute to teacher discipline is essential for improving school performance. This study employed a quantitative research method with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires consisting of 66 statement items measured using a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques to determine both partial and simultaneous effects of the independent variables on teacher discipline. The results indicate that principal leadership has a positive and significant partial effect on teacher discipline, as evidenced by a t-value of 5.127, which is greater than the t-table value of 1.9809. School culture also has a positive and significant partial effect on teacher discipline, with a t-value of 7.244 exceeding the t-table value of 1.9809. Furthermore, principal leadership and school culture simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on teacher discipline, as indicated by an F-value of 34.152, which is greater than the F-table value of 3.07. These findings suggest that strengthening principal leadership and fostering a positive school culture can significantly improve teacher discipline.

The Qiroati method is an instructional approach to reading the Qur’an that emphasizes direct practice of tartil recitation in accordance with the rules of tajwid. This method is practical, systematic, and implemented gradually, meaning that learners are not allowed to proceed to the next level before achieving fluency at the current stage. One of the main challenges in learning to read and memorize the Qur’an is the limited use of structured teaching methods, as some teachers still rely primarily on personal experience and conventional reading approaches. This condition contributes to students’ lack of fluency in reading and memorizing the Qur’an, as well as decreased learning motivation due to monotonous and less effective instructional practices. This study aims to examine the implementation of the Qiroati method in improving students’ Qur’anic reading ability within the Tahfidzul Qur’an program at SMP Daruttaqwa Full Day School. The findings are expected to provide useful insights for educators and contribute to academic knowledge. This research employs a field research design with a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on describing the application of the Qiroati method in enhancing students’ reading ability in relation to Qur’an memorization. Data were collected through interviews, tests, and documentation, while data analysis involved data collection, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of the Qiroati method effectively improves students’ ability to read the Qur’an in the Tahfidzul Qur’an program. This is evidenced by the improvement in students’ reading scores compared to their previous performance. In practice, the method involves teachers modeling correct recitation, followed by students reading collectively. Therefore, the Qiroati method not only enhances students’ accuracy in reading the Qur’an but also fosters a more engaging and effective learning environment.

This study analyses the synergy between teachers and parents through a home visit programme at Jenu Islamic Junior High School in supporting student learning assistance. A descriptive qualitative method was applied with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies conducted over three months. The results show that the home visit programme, conducted regularly every three months, has succeeded in building effective collaboration between educators and parents in supporting student learning. Home visits not only strengthen the emotional bond between the school and families, but also enable teachers to understand the learning conditions of students directly in their home environment. This programme has had a significant impact on improving student motivation, attendance, and discipline. Despite facing obstacles such as scheduling difficulties and ethical challenges for female teachers in visiting the homes of male parents, the personalised approach applied in this programme proved to be capable of creating a more inclusive and sustainable educational environment. The home visit programme has become an effective mentoring model for improving the holistic academic and character development of students based on Islamic values.

This research stems from the urgency of the role of public relations in Islamic educational institutions, particularly madrasas, which is increasingly complex and strategic in the current digital and information era. Public relations is not only tasked with disseminating information but also with building an image, maintaining public trust, and managing effective communication between the madrasa and various stakeholders such as students, parents, teachers, and the wider community. This study aims to identify and analyze the application of ethics and professionalism in public relations at SMP Plus Darus Sholah in Jember and its impact on the institution's image and public trust. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that the application of Islamic ethical values—such as shiddiq (honesty), amanah (trustworthiness), and tabligh (transparency)—in public relations practices significantly enhances the madrasa's credibility and public trust. Additionally, the professionalism of public relations officers, characterized by structured communication planning and interpersonal ethics, plays a crucial role in building a positive institutional image. However, challenges such as a lack of formal training and understanding of ethical standards remain. The implications of this study highlight the need for policy recommendations to enhance the capacity and integrity of public relations personnel in Islamic educational institutions to support their role as the forefront of institutional communication.

The purpose of this study was to determine how much academic supervision at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara improves teacher performance. This study, which used a quantitative methodology and a straightforward linear regression analytic method, included all 41 of the school's teachers. Direct observation, the distribution of questionnaires, and documentation were used to gather data. The SPSS program was used to first assess the validity and reliability of each instrument. Descriptive statistics, linear regression testing to determine the association between variables, and normality and linearity tests were all part of the data analysis. With a significance value of 0.000 and a t-value of 4.299 that was higher than the t table of 2.021, the study's findings demonstrated a statistically significant association between academic supervision and the caliber of teacher performance. Furthermore, the use of academic supervision accounts for 51.1% of the difference in teacher performance, with other factors not included in this study influencing the remaining 48.9%. These results suggest that while academic supervision is a significant component in raising the caliber of teacher work, other outside variables still require consideration in order to achieve the best possible outcomes during the teaching process.

This research aims to determine the extent of the influence of classroom management on the discipline of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara. This study uses a quantitative research method with a field research type. The determination of the sample size is done using the proportional random sampling formula with a percentage of 50%, resulting in a sample of 98 respondents. The data collection technique employs a questionnaire technique. The results of the first hypothesis testing using the t-test showed a calculated t-value of 5.482. Since this value is greater than the table value (5.482 < 1.984), it is concluded that the classroom management variable has a significant effect on student discipline on a partial basis. In the second data analysis using the F-test, a F-value of 30.050 was obtained, which is greater than the table value of 3.94, with a significant F-value of 0.001, which is smaller than the alpha value of 0.05, thus Ha is accepted. There is a positive influence of Classroom Management on the discipline of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara. The results of the tested determination coefficient formula showed an r square value of 0.238 or 23.8%, which means that the contribution of the Classroom Management variable is 23.8%, which is considered low, while the remaining 76.2% is influenced by other factors outside the variables in this study.

The purpose of this observation was to determine how effective teaching with the lecture method combined with the Socrative application is in improving the understanding of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum among grade VIII students of SMP Tunas Utama. One of the main results of this study is the active involvement of students and the application of technology in the PAI learning process. Planning, implementation, observation, and reflection are two main elements of the applied methodology, known as classroom action learning (CAR). The tools used include observation sheets, comprehension tests, and questionnaires for student responses. The results of the study showed that the application of the Socrative method was able to improve interaction between students, learning motivation, and understanding of religious concepts. This increase can be seen from the increase in average scores and learning completeness from the first period to the second period. In this way, the combination of the flipped learning method with interactive technology such as Socrative has succeeded in improving the quality of learning in the PAI subject.

The principal's leadership is one of the important components that determines the growth and sustainability of educational institutions.  School principals have a great opportunity to develop leadership values ​​in the modern era.  To develop education, high-quality and continuously developing leaders are needed.  In addition, school principals must motivate teachers because they have to make a major contribution in the educational environment. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with a correlational type.  This research used a total sampling technique, with a total sample of thirty teachers and academic staff. This research instrument consists of thirty questionnaires, or questionnaires, for each variable. The research results show that the correlation coefficient between the principal's transformational leadership variable (X) and teachers' work motivation (Y) is 0.623, thus the relationship between the two is quite strong.

This study aims to examine the implementation of an Islamic-based curriculum at SMP IT Insan Mandiri in Sukabumi City. The Islamic-based curriculum is expected to integrate religious values into the learning process to shape students' character, excelling in both religious and academic aspects. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method involving observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings show that the Islamic-based curriculum at SMP IT Insan Mandiri has been implemented effectively, although there are some challenges, such as limited resources and teacher training. Overall, the implementation of this curriculum has successfully contributed to shaping students' character by enhancing their understanding of Islamic values and applying them in daily life. This study is expected to contribute to the development of religious-based education in Islamic schools.Keywords: Implementation of Islamic-based curriculum, SMP IT Insan Mandiri, faith-based education, student character, implementation challenges, educational development.)

Wusto education is an Islamic values-based learning approach that aims to shape student character while improving academic achievement. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of the implementation of wusto education on student learning achievement at PGRI 1 Ciambar Junior High School, Ciambar District, Sukabumi Regency. This study used descriptive quantitative methods involving 100 students as samples. Data were collected through questionnaires, learning achievement tests, and interviews with teachers to better understand the implementation of wusto education in the school curriculum. The results showed that wusto education contributed positively to students' learning achievement. After the implementation of the wusto education program, there was an 18% increase in students' average academic score. In addition, the implementation of wusto education is able to shape better student characters, such as discipline, responsibility and honesty. The excellent programs of wusto education, such as halaqah, character-based learning and religious activities, have a significant impact on strengthening students' moral values. The integration of wusto education at SMP PGRI 1 Ciambar is done by incorporating religious values into general subjects and extracurricular activities. Teachers play an active role in managing learning that is balanced between academics and character building. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that wusto education is significantly able to improve student learning achievement while forming superior character. The recommendation of this study is to expand the implementation of wusto education in other schools as a strategy to improve the quality of education.

The learning process serves as a pathway to achieving basic competencies within curriculum implementation. This study aims to describe the implementation of teaching and its evaluation on the topic of thaharah, specifically in the chapter on wudu. The research approach employed is qualitative, with a case study methodology. The researcher collected data through interviews with teachers and students, documentation, and observation during the learning process. The findings indicate that the teaching implementation was carried out optimally, including opening activities such as greetings and providing motivation, core activities such as explaining and demonstrating lessons, and closing activities such as reflection and question-and-answer sessions. The assessment conducted by the teacher aligns with the demands of the Kurikulum Merdeka, which requires evaluation from cognitive, psychomotor, and affective aspects as part of an authentic assessment approach.  

Work motivation is one of the key factors that contribute to improving teacher performance in education. This study aims to analyze the role of work motivation in improving teacher performance at SMP Bina Siswa, Laud Dendang. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires and interviews with teachers and school management. The results of the study indicate that good work motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, significantly affects teacher productivity and performance quality. Factors such as awards, recognition, a conducive work atmosphere, and support from school leaders have proven to be the main drivers in improving teacher work motivation. Thus, it is important for schools to continue to pay attention to the motivational needs of teachers in order to create a supportive work environment and improve the quality of education at the school.

This study aims to analyze the learning strategies of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) applied by teachers in improving student creativity and competence at SMP Negeri 1 Langkat, North Sumatra. The research method used was qualitative, with data collection methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Observation was conducted to identify the interaction and application of learning strategies by PAI teachers, while in-depth interviews with teachers and students provided information related to the effectiveness of the method. The results showed that 1) Teachers' creativity in combining learning methods, such as discussions, projects, and the use of technological media, was able to create an interesting and interactive learning atmosphere, which had a positive impact on students' understanding of the teaching materials. 2) Improved facilities and infrastructure as well as curriculum adjustments also support the effectiveness of learning, so that students are more motivated to actively participate in the learning process. PAI teachers not only convey religious concepts, but also equip students with balanced cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities, in accordance with Bloom's taxonomy theory. This study concludes that innovation in learning methods and adequate facility support are key in improving students' learning skills and interest.

The results of this study show that curriculum planning based on pesantren is carried out by involving several parties both from sekolah and from pesantren, namely education bureaus and leadership bureaus. At this stage of planning, the two bureaus designed the books that would be made referenced and studied in the Madrasa. Two methodologies are used in the implementation of learning: conventional methods such as bandongan and, when necessary, active learning techniques. Evaluation of the pesantren-based curriculum focuses on students' morality and discipline both at home and in the educational environment.

This research aims to determine the professional competence of teachers on student learning achievement at Al-Ulum Terpadu Islamic Middle School, Medan. This research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive method using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The population in this study was 32 teachers, so the sample size in this study was 32 teachers, because the population was less than 100, based on Suharsimi Arikunto's opinion, the entire population was used (population study). The main data collection technique uses a 5 Likert scale answer choice form. Data is analyzed using simple linear regression to test the research hypothesis. Based on the data processing carried out, statistical testing resulted in Ho being rejected and Ha being accepted, which explains that there is an influence of teacher professional competence on student learning achievement. This is obtained from the results of the F test which shows Fcount is 19.072 and Ftable = (k-1; nk) namely (2-1; 32-2) = (1;30) = 4.17, so the value of Fcount > Ftable is 19.072 > 4.17 with a sig value. 0.001 < 0.05 which means there is an influence of teacher professional competence on student learning achievement in the F statistical significance test. Apart from that, a simple linear regression test was carried out to obtain the regression equation Y' = 105.683 – 1.44 1.44. However, if the teacher's professional competency value is 105.683 when X is 0, then student learning achievement will decrease by 0.144 for every one unit increase in %. Meanwhile, the remaining 61.1% is explained by other variables not studied.

This research aims to examine in depth the influence of completing the principal’s tasks on teacher work motivation in schools. Teacher work motivation is an important element that can influence the quality of teaching and learning in the classroom, which ultimately has an impact on student achievement. The principal has a central role in managing the school and supporting teachers through a variety of administrative and personnel tasks. Effective completion of the principal’s duties is expected to create a conducive work environment, provide clear direction, and improve the work environment. The research method used is a quantitative research method with a correlational type. This research used a total sampling technique with a sample size of all educators and education staff totaling 37. The research instrument for this research was a questionnaire consisting of 25 statements for each variable.  The results of hypothesis testing show that the completion of the principal’s duties has an influence on teacher work motivation of 0.149 x 100% = 14.9%. Through the t test that has been carried out, it turns out that the t count = 4.709 while the t table value = 2.042. Because t count (4.709) > t table (2.042), this shows that there is a positive and significant contribution between the principal’s task completion variable and teacher work motivation at Pahlawan National Middle School in Medan in the form of a linear and predictive relationship via a regression line Ŷ = 126.564 + 0.855 X.

The purpose of this study is to find out the most important effect of transformational leadership on teacher professionalism. Development at SMP Swasta Muhammadiyah 01 Medan. This study method is a quantitative study survey research type. 60 teachers participated in this study. Principals and teachers were used as examples. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Dat collection instruments with questionnaires and data analysis techniques with normality test, linearity test and homogeneity test and hypothesis testing (using t-test). The result of this study show that there is a positive and significant effect between the main variable and teacher professionalism ini Muhammadiyah 01 Medan Private High School.  This is eviident form the result of the hypothesis testing, which shows that the main transformational leadership contributes 0.388 X 100% = 38.8% to teacher professionalism. The t-test performed gave a tnumber = 3.870 whilw the ttabel  value = 2.042. Since tnumber (3.870) > ttabel (2.042), it showsjthat there is a positive and significant effect in the form of a linear and predictive relationship between the main variable and professionalism of teachers in SMP Swasta Muhammadiyah 01 Medan. Regression line Ŷ = 46.654 + 0.322 X.

This research aims to determine the influence of the managerial competence of school principals at Al-Ulum Integrated Islamic Middle School in Medan. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The population in this study was 30 teachers, so the sample size in this study was 30 teachers, because the population was less than 100, based on Suharsimi Arikunto opinion, the entire population was used (population study). The main data collection technique uses a 5 Likert scale answer choice form. Data is analyzed using simple linear regression to test the research hypothesis.  Based on the data processing carried out statistical testing resulted in Ho being rejected and Ha being accepted, which explains that there is an influence of the principal's managerial competence on teacher performance. This is obtained from the result of the Pearson correlation test which shows that the value is 0.512 > tubel 0.361 and the results of the simple linear regression test produce contribution Y’ = 100.242 + 0.322 X, so the results of this test explain that there is a correlation between the managerial comptence of school principals and teacher performance.apart from that, tests are carried out T-test which produced a t-count of 3.157 > t-table, namely 2.048, with a significance value of 0.004 < 5% (0.05). The results in the ANOVA table also support the acceptance of Ha, where the sig. 0.004 < alpha value or 0.05. So, the hypothesis simultaneously proves that there is a significant influence between the managerial competence of school principals on teacher performance. Calculation of the coefficient of determination shows that the principal's managerial competency variable is able to explain the student learning achievement variable by 26,2%. Meanwhile, the remaining 73.8% is explained by other variables not studied.  From the results of these calculations, it can be concluded that there is an influence between the principal's managerial competence on teacher performance at Al-Ulum Terpadu Islamic Middle School, Medan. This influence can be seen from the school principal in making a defined plan, making decisions, organizing the resources they have, and carrying out evaluations to improve teacher performance.

This research aims to evaluate the influence of extracurricular activities on students' learning motivation at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Medan. Extrinsic motivation is often needed to encourage students who lack an internal drive to learn, especially at elementary school age, where play activities are often more interesting than learning. It is hoped that extracurricular activities can function as a source of additional motivation and improve student learning outcomes. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, where data is collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The research results show that the significance value of the t test for the extracurricular activity variable is 0.000, which is smaller than 0.05, and the calculated t of 1.848 is smaller than the t table of 2.052. Thus, the hypothesis that extracurricular activities influence learning motivation. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.112 indicates that only 11.2% of the variation in learning motivation can be explained by extracurricular activities, while the remainder (88.8%) is influenced by other factors outside this research. These findings indicate that although extracurricular activities are an important element, their influence on students' learning motivation at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Medan is not significant.

Education is a procedure. Because, this affects everyone at some point in their lives. The interaction between individuals and their environment is what leads to the learning process. Thus, education can take place anywhere and at any time. Even though what is actually happening in the field is still critical because it has not yet achieved the expected level of success. Therefore, there are several aspects that a teacher needs to pay attention to in order to increase learning effectiveness. With the existing problems, it can be said that classroom management is a solution in the act of organizing or managing something so that it can run smoothly, successfully and efficiently. In teaching and learning activities, students need something that allows them to communicate effectively with each other, with the teacher, with other students, with the environment, with teaching materials, and with themselves. Therefore the aim of classroom management is to create a favorable classroom environment where each student can perform to the best of his ability.