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This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students in class IV-A in IPAS subjects, especially on the material of friction and muscle force, by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles, each of which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 28 students of class IV-A. The instruments used include learning outcome tests to measure students' understanding of the material taught. The results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. At the pre-cycle stage, only 39% of students achieved mastery, while 61% of students were not yet complete. After the implementation of PBL, in cycle 1 student completeness increased to 71%, and in cycle 2 all students reached completeness with a percentage of 100%. PBL proved to be effective in improving students' understanding of the concepts of friction and muscle force through problem solving that is relevant to everyday life. Thus, the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in IPAS subjects, especially in understanding abstract concepts such as force. This method is also effective in developing students' critical and collaborative thinking skills.  

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of critical thinking-based Learner Worksheets (LKPD) in Civics subjects in Class III MIN 3 Simalungun. The background is that the Learner Worksheet used at MIN 3 Simalungun is an instant version of the publisher provided by the school not the result of the preparation carried out by the teacher himself. And printed with black ink on opaque paper. LKPDs found in schools are not yet based on critical thinking. Indicators of critical thinking have not been included in the LKPD, so it does not train students' critical thinking skills. This research is an R&D (Research and Development) study. This study uses the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Researchers only limit it to the development stage. Researchers modify the development model as needed, because in terms of the formulation of the problem it is only limited to whether or not the LKPD will be developed. So, for this reason, researchers do not carry out the implementation and evaluation stages. Based on the results obtained after being validated by validators from 3 teams of experts, namely from material experts, a percentage of 94% was obtained which was declared very feasible. The assessment of the media expert showed a percentage of 88%, also declared very feasible. In addition, the assessment of linguists obtained a percentage of 86% and was declared very feasible. So it can be concluded  

This research aims to develop problem-solving-based teaching materials to improve students' critical thinking skills in class IV PPKn subjects based on the fact that the use of teaching materials in each PPKn subject is rarely used because educators only rely on textbooks as a guide. And in improving students' critical thinking skills, teachers only use multiple choice tests in the textbook without asking students to create their own ideas from the knowledge they have obtained. This research uses the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) but the focus of this research is limited to this stage Development just. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, questionnaires and documentation. The results obtained after the teaching materials were validated by 3 validator experts, namely material experts, obtained an average score of 89.3% with the "Very Eligible" criteria. The results of the media expert validation assessment obtained an average score of 94.3% with the criteria "Very Eligible". And the results of the linguist validation assessment obtained an average score of 82% with the criteria "Very Eligible". Meanwhile, the results of the teacher's assessment of problem-solving based teaching materials obtained an average score of 94.6% with the criteria "Very Appropriate". This shows that problem-solving based teaching materials are very suitable for use in the learning process to improve students' critical thinking abilities.

This research aims to develop a student digital worksheet product with a valid, practical, and effective model of Logan Avenue Problem Solving (LAPS)-Heuristic . Using the ADDIE model, results show the worksheet enhances critical thinking skills. The validity obtained from the material expert is 92% and based on the media expert is 85.4%. Also, the percentage of practicality is 92.9% and is included in the practical category. Implementation of learning with the application of student digital worksheets Effectiveness was demonstrated with 86.67% of students meeting learning completeness, and a medium improvement in critical thinking skills (gain score: 0.639). From the collected data, it is concluded that the Logan Avenue Problem Solving (LAPS)-Heuristic learning model developed meets the qualifications of valid, practical, and effective.

Real Work Lecture (KKN) is a form of community service activity by students with a cross-scientific and sectoral approach at a certain time and area. The implementation of KKN activities usually lasts between one to two months and takes place in villagelevel areas. The Directorate General of Higher Education in Indonesia has requires every university to carry out KKN as an intracurricular activity that combines the tri dharma of higher education, namely: education, research, and community service. We observed how the effectiveness of polio vaccine implementation in increasing community awareness of the importance of immunization in Sialang Indah Village, Pangkalan Kuras Sub-district, Pelalawan Regency. The virus will damage the nervous system of the sufferer's body so that there can be a risk of paralysis, difficulty breathing, or even death. The polio virus often affects toddlers or children under 5 years old, especially if they have not had the polio vaccination. However, it is not impossible that polio can also be experienced by adults.

This study aims to determine students' responses to the Biology E-Module integrated with Imtaq values ​​in the Muscle material that was developed. This study is a development study using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). This study is limited to the development stage. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling techniques, and the number of samples is 30 students from each of 10 schools, namely SMAN 3 Teluk Meranti, SMAN 1 Pelalawan, and SMA PGRI Pekanbaru. Data collection using student response sheets, Data analysis techniques using descriptive techniques. The results of the study obtained an average student response from three schools of 91.55% (very good category).

This research aims to determine the perceptions of Elementary Schools English teachers towards the implementation of Merdeka Curriculum. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The data is collected by using questionnaires. This research involved 9 English teachers in Lubuklinggau Timur I of Elementary Schools. The results showed that English teachers have a positive perceptions of Merdeka Curriculum. In conclusion, Merdeka Curriculum has many positive impacts on students, teachers, and the teaching and learning process. The positive impact on students is that students became more active, independent, and improvement based on student interests. In addition, a positive impact on teachers are given self-independent in the teaching and learning process. The teachers are free to express ideas about how to teach and keep the classroom atmosphere more comfortable.

This research aims to describe (1) to determine the Madrasah Management at MTs N 2 Deli Serdang in supporting and optimizing the implementation of extracurricular activities as an effort to improve student learning achievement (2) to determine the extent of the contribution of extracurricular activities to increasing student learning achievement at MTs N 2 Deli Serdang (3) to find out the obstacles faced by madrasas in managing extracurricular activities and how they affect student learning achievement. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects in the research were the Head of Madrasah, Deputy Head of Curriculum, Extracurricular Advisor and students. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data collection analysis carried out data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. And based on the results of research that researchers have conducted, extracurricular activities have run well in accordance with the planning, organization, implementation and supervision that the madrasah has carried out.

This article aims to describe the implementation of flipbook media in teaching short story writing in class XI SMA Negeri 16 Semarang. The problem in this study is that there is no use of instructional media to construct short story texts in class XI students. Therefore, researchers try to apply flipbook media, especially in learning to compose short story texts. The article that the researcher wrote is a conceptual article. Conceptual article contains ideas In this article data is obtained by direct observation in class. While writing this article is done by identifying and seeking information from relevant data, analyzing the results, then developing and conveying ideas based on the researcher's understanding. Learning outcomes are expected to be more optimal with the use of learning media that is not boring for students. The solution that can be used with these problems is the use of flipbook media. The use of flipbook learning media is expected to be able to overcome the difficulties experienced by students in learning to write short story texts and students are not easily bored in participating in learning.  

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of first-grade students in the subject of mathematics, specifically in the topic of grouping and presenting data in the form of lists and tables. The aim of this study is to investigate the improvement of first-grade students' learning outcomes in mathematics through the implementation of the problem-based learning model using a culturally responsive teaching approach. This research is classified as a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study are 27 first-grade students from SDN Putat Jaya IV-380 Surabaya. Data for this research were collected through observations and tests, and were analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results indicate that implementing problem-based learning through a culturally responsive teaching approach can enhance students' learning outcomes in mathematics, specifically in the topic of grouping and presenting data in the form of lists and tables. The average pre-cycle learning outcome was 69.55, which increased to 78.51 after the first cycle of PBL implementation, and further improved to 90.88 in the second cycle. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning model through culturally responsive teaching is effective in enhancing the learning outcomes of first-grade students in mathematics at SDN Putat Jaya IV-380 Surabaya..  

The lack of student interest and motivation which has an impact on low mathematics learning outcomes is the background of this class action research. This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of grade I students on flat building materials through the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model with the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) model Kemmis and Mc. Taggart model with two cycles, each of which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The results showed that the application of the PjBL model through the CRT approach can improve student learning outcomes. This was shown by an increase in the percentage of classical learning completeness from 44.44% in cycle I to 88.88% in cycle II, as well as an increase in the average N-Gain from 0.35 (medium category) in cycle I to 0.66 (medium category) in cycle II. Thus, the PjBL model with the CRT approach can effectively be used in learning mathematics to improve student learning outcomes.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Problem Solving learning model in improving the mathematical critical thinking ability of elementary school students. Through the Systematic Literature Review approach, this study analyzes a number of relevant studies. The results of the study show that the Problem Solving model has significant potential in improving students' critical thinking skills. This model encourages students to be actively involved in the problem-solving process, relate mathematical concepts to real life, and stimulate creativity. However, the implementation of this model requires careful planning, support from various parties, and teacher competency development. Further research is suggested to delve deeper into the factors that affect the successful implementation of the Problem Solving model, as well as develop more specific instruments to measure students' critical thinking skills.

The Merdeka Curriculum is a curriculum with intracurricular learning that is more optimized for varied learning content. Provide sufficient time for students to explore knowledge concepts and strengthen their competencies. Learning with the concept of independent learning prioritizes students' interests and talents, so that learning outcomes can foster creative attitudes and the learning process becomes more enjoyable. The formulation of the problem in this research is the role of the independent curriculum to increase civic disposition and its level of success as well as supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing the independent curriculum through Civics learning. The aim of this research is to determine the level of success of implementing the independent curriculum in improving civic disposition and what supporting and inhibiting factors exist. The research method used is a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive approach. The instruments used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are that the implementation of the independent curriculum to improve the civic disposition of class VII students can be said to be quite good because it has implemented the independent curriculum in accordance with the curriculum objectives and succeeded in increasing students' understanding of character and moral values, as well as making a positive contribution to the formation of students' character. Although there are still some things that need to be improved, such as teaching materials to provide wider sources of information and using more varied learning strategies to increase students' active participation in Civics learning, especially for students who are still passive. Thus, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at Wahidiyah Karangrejo Middle School has provided positive benefits in improving students' character and morals through Civics learning.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the interactive learning model based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on student learning outcomes in science subjects for second-grade elementary school students, particularly on the topic of recognizing plants as living organisms. The research method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Literature search was conducted through academic databases such as Google Scholar,, and PubMed using keywords like “Contextual Teaching and Learning,” “CTL,” “science learning outcomes,” “elementary education,” and “recognizing plants.” From the several potential articles identified, a selection of articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in-depth. The analysis results indicate that the application of the CTL model consistently improves student learning outcomes, as evidenced by enhanced conceptual understanding, learning motivation, and active student participation in the classroom. The analyzed studies reported a significant increase in the average learning outcomes of students following the implementation of CTL. Additionally, this learning model makes learning more meaningful and relevant to the students’ daily lives. In conclusion, the CTL learning model is effective in enhancing student learning outcomes in science subjects for second-grade elementary school students, implying that schools and educators should consider the broader adoption of CTL and provide adequate support and training for teachers.

The purpose of this research is to explain the process of development, produce the product, and explain the effectiveness of the learner's work sheet (LKPD) assisted by the application of quizizz in the short story text in the students of the X class of Private Catholic High School 2 Kabanjahe. This type of research is research and development (R&D) with research design ADDIE development model consists of 4 main stages: Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques are the lifts given to media experts, material experts, and pupils. The test subject is limited to students/I grade XI IPS 1 of 32 people. Data analysis techniques are quantitative descriptive of material experts, media experts and student respondents. The results of the validation of the expert of the material were 93.1, of the media expert was 96.73, and the student response was 91.98. The evaluation of LKPD's eligibility assessment of the application of quizizz on short story material for eleventh grade students by the experts of the materials, the media experts and the students obtained a total ratio of 93.92 who entered the category was very good. The result of this study was LKDP with the help of the quizizz application of short story materials for eleventennial students. Recommendations for further research are expected to develop LKPP by using other applications with broader and better material.

This research aims to investigate efforts to increase teacher pedagogical competence through academic supervision at SDN Pelita Jaya. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and document analysis. Respondents in this study were school principals, teachers and school supervisors. Data analysis is carried out through the process of data reduction, data display, conclusion and data verification. Research findings show that the implementation of academic supervision at SDN Pelita Jaya has made a significant contribution to improving teacher pedagogical competence. Academic supervision facilitates a process of reflection, constructive feedback, and ongoing professional development. However, research also identifies several barriers to implementing academic supervision, such as limited resources, resistance from some teachers, and challenges in adapting to curriculum changes. As a solution, research recommends strengthening leadership support, increasing access to training, and implementing a collaborative approach in developing teacher pedagogical competence. The implication of this research is the importance of strengthening academic supervision practices as an effective strategy in improving the quality of learning and student learning outcomes at SDN Pelita Jaya.    

This research aims to get to know the basics of human resource management from an educational perspective. Human Resource Management (HR) in the educational context has an important role in ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the education system. The main objective of HR management from an educational perspective is to achieve optimal educational quality through managing a quality workforce. The scope of educational HR management covers various aspects, from recruitment and selection to career development and performance evaluation. The Human Resources Department is a key element in the HR management process, responsible for the management, development and supervision of human resources in educational institutions. Therefore, a deep understanding of the concepts, functions, objectives and scope of HR management in the educational context is very important to improve the overall quality of education.      

This research aims to determine the effect of the Synthetic Structural Analytical method using flashcard media on the beginning reading ability of class I students at SDN Rang Warga Laok. This research uses quantitative methods with a pre-experimental research design and a one group pretest-posttest model. The sample used in this research was 14 students using saturated sampling techniques. Data collection used student reading ability test instruments and teacher and student activity observation sheets. The results of the research show that 1) The results of the paired sample t-test calculation at a significance level of 0.05 show that the sig (2-tailed) value is 0.001 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Synthetic Structural Analytical method using flashcard media. on the initial reading ability of class I students at SDN Rang Warga Laok 2) the application of the Synthetic Structural Analytical method using flashcard media in learning activities that lasted for 3 meetings was carried out well and obtained an average implementation score for the SAS learning method of 100% in the very good category , the average teacher activity score is 98% in the very good category and the average student activity score is 82% in the very good category.     

This research aims to examine the physical education curriculum policy at the elementary school level, with a focus on the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at SD Inpres Kobelete. Using qualitative descriptive methods, data was collected through interviews with PJOK School Principals and Teachers. The research results show that the Merdeka Curriculum provides flexibility for educators to design learning that suits students' needs. Differentiated learning strategies are applied to meet the diversity of students' learning needs, interests and learning profiles. Efforts to increase students' active participation are carried out through various methods, including practical learning, group discussions, and giving appreciation. The main challenge faced is limited learning resources. This research highlights the importance of curriculum adaptation to create an inclusive and effective learning environment in the context of physical education in elementary schools.    

In the era of increasing digitalization, the integration of technology in education is becoming increasingly important. One area that has received a major contribution from technology is mathematics education at the secondary school (SMA) level. The use of mathematics software has become a highly effective tool for teachers and students in understanding complex mathematical concepts, developing computational skills, and solving problems more efficiently and interactively. This article analyzes various literature studies related to the use of mathematics software in high school, with a focus on developing students' computational thinking abilities. Computational thinking (CT) abilities, which were first introduced by Seymour Papert, are important skills that help students in decision making and problem solving. Various studies show that the integration of CT in educational curricula, particularly through teaching programming and the use of mathematical software, can improve students' computing skills. Although there are challenges in implementation, such as lack of infrastructure and teacher training, this study highlights the importance of using technology in mathematics education to create a dynamic, interactive, and relevant learning environment. This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of literature studies related to the use of mathematics software in high school and its influence on the development of students' computational thinking skills. By understanding the findings from previous studies, it is hoped that this research can make a significant contribution to designing a more effective mathematics curriculum and provide practical guidance for educators in integrating mathematics software in everyday learning. The results of the analysis show that technology-based interactive learning methods, the use of special software such as Matlab and Geogebra, as well as programming training with languages ​​such as Java and Python, all show positive results in improving students' computing skills. However, there is still a need to improve abstract thinking skills and address variations in computational abilities among students.