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This study aims to identify and analyze the implementation strategies for discipline at SDIT Bunayya Lhokseumawe, a school committed to developing an intellectually intelligent and morally superior Islamic generation. In the context of modern education, educational institutions no longer merely serve as a place to transfer knowledge but also have a significant responsibility in instilling moral, ethical, and spiritual values. Implementation is a crucial aspect of discipline in achieving the goal of developing a holistic student character. However, the reality on the ground shows that challenges to implementing discipline are increasingly complex. The negative influence of social media, rapid technological developments, and changes in parenting patterns in families often influence student behavior. The strategic role of educational institutions is crucial, especially in building a system capable of consistently and sustainably instilling disciplinary values. This study used a qualitative approach involving the principal, teachers, and students as the main subjects. Data collection techniques were carried out through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of school activities. The results showed that the strategies implemented at SDIT Bunayya include a collaborative approach involving all elements of the school, including parents. Character training programs, regular training, clear enforcement of rules, and targeted extracurricular activities are integral parts of the school's discipline system. A disciplined and conducive learning environment has been proven to support both academic achievement and character development. Therefore, the strategies implemented at SDIT Bunayya can serve as a model for other schools, particularly integrated Islamic schools, which share a similar vision of developing a generation that excels not only academically but also possesses integrity and noble character.

This research was conducted to examine in depth what are the main differences between the Learning Outcomes (CP) and Learning Objectives (TP) in the Merdeka Curriculum compared to the Core Competencies (KI) and Basic Competencies (KD) in the 2013 Curriculum. The main focus is on how this affects the development and implementation of mathematics teaching modules in phase E, especially in SMA Negeri 16 Padang. The research method used was qualitative research involving direct observation at the school, conducting in-depth interviews, and reviewing documents related to various teaching modules. From the analysis, it can be seen that the structure of CP and TP is more integrative, contextual, and flexible compared to the structure of KI and KD which tend to be separate and procedural in nature. In addition, teaching modules based on Merdeka Curriculum encourage the development of the Pancasila Student Profile and 21st century competencies. This conclusion has a major influence on curriculum development and learning designs that are more adaptive to student needs and the times.

This study aims to (1) Describe the application of gamification-based cooperative learning models in mathematics subjects in the counting ability of grade I students. (2) To determine the students' counting ability after using gamification-based cooperative learning model in mathematics subject in grade I. (3) To find out whether there is an increase in counting ability after using a gamification-based cooperative learning model in mathematics subjects in grade I. This research used PTK which was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle includes 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this research were students of class I B MIN 2 Kota Palangka Raya with a total of 37 students. The results showed (1) In cycle I, the analysis of teacher activity obtained a percentage of 92.70% with very good criteria, there was an increase in cycle II with a percentage of 98.80% with very good criteria. While student activity in cycle I obtained a percentage of 88.54% with very good criteria and an increase in cycle II with a percentage of 97.61% with very good criteria. (2) The increase in learning ability seen from the posttest results is evident from the increase in posttest scores in each cycle. In cycle I, the classical completeness was 56.75% to 86.48% in cycle II. (3) The increase in student learning outcomes using a gamification-based cooperative learning model to improve students' numeracy skills towards improving learning outcomes in cycle I the percentage of student completeness reached 56.75% while in cycle II it increased by 86.52%. In Cycle I N-Gain got a medium category by obtaining a value of 0.377 with the N-Gain score division category 0.3≤g≤0.7. Whereas in cycle II it got a high category of 0.755 with the N-Gain division category score g> 0.7.

This study aims to explore the application of direct instruction strategies in shaping students' critical thinking competence. This strategy focuses on a clearly structured learning process that enables students to gradually understand and apply learning concepts. The success of this strategy's implementation heavily relies on several supporting factors, such as the quality of questions posed by the teacher, effective classroom management, and active student involvement. Furthermore, the direct instruction strategy has a significant impact on classroom practices, particularly in enhancing the quality of interactions between teachers and students and strengthening students' critical thinking skills. This research employs a qualitative research method with a literature review approach, examining various relevant literature on the topic. The findings suggest that the application of this strategy can improve students' critical thinking abilities, which are essential to prepare them for the challenges of the 21st-century life.    

Students' learning outcomes can be actively involved in mathematics learning activities through the application of the PjBL model. This PTK method is carried out in two cycles, each of which includes four stages, namely: planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. This study involved 22 students from class IV B as research subjects atMIS Darul Ulum Palangka Raya, data obtained through observation techniques, tests, and documentation. The findings obtained by observation of the teacher's skills in managing the class in cycle I were recorded at 86.53% in the good category. In cycle II, the percentage increased to 92.30% in the very good category. While in cycle I, student learning activities were recorded at 71.59% in the sufficient category, but increased in cycle II with a percentage of 86.37% in the very good category. Students' posttest scores after the implementation of the PjBL learning model in cycle I showed a completeness rate of 45.45%. Meanwhile, in cycle II, there was a significant increase, through completeness reaching 90.91%. In cycle I, the increase in student learning achievement was classified as moderate, from the N-Gain score of 0.3433. In cycle II, the N-Gain score increased to 0.7314 in the high category. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the application of the PjBL model in mathematics is proven to be effective in improving the achievement of student learning outcomes.

This study aims to develop children's fine motor skills through origami paper folding activities in class B RA Al-Hidayah. Fine motor skills are very important for early childhood because they affect their ability to do activities that require hand and finger coordination, such as writing, cutting, and drawing. Origami paper folding activities were chosen because they involve structured hand movements and train children's accuracy, patience, and creativity. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of the study were 20 children in class B RA Al-Hidayah. Data were collected through observation, field notes, and documentation of children's work, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that children's fine motor skills increased significantly after the implementation of origami folding activities. In cycle I, the percentage of children who achieved good category fine motor skills was 65%, and increased to 90% in cycle II. Children looked more skilled at controlling finger movements, folding neatly, and enthusiastically participating in activities. Thus, the implementation of origami paper folding activities is effective in developing children's fine motor skills in RA Al-Hidayah. This activity can be used as an alternative learning that is fun and beneficial for the development of early childhood.

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of Mathematics of class IV C students at SDN Sukabumi 2 Kota Probolinggo, especially in understanding the concept of multiplication. Difficulty in memorizing multiplication causes low motivation and student participation. This study aims to improve learning outcomes through educational game media Wordwall with the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) in two cycles with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The subjects of the study consisted of 23 students. The results showed that in the pre-cycle with a class average of only 60.17%. After the implementation of the Wordwall TGT model, the completion rate increased to 72.82% in cycle I, although it was still below the target of 80%, due to lack of student discipline. In cycle II, the completion rate reached 83.56%, with increased student involvement and discipline in participating in learning. Thus, the implementation of Wordwall  with TGT has proven effective in improving the learning outcomes of class IV C students at SDN Sukabumi 2 Kota Probolinggo.

This study presents an analysis of the characteristics of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the questions found in the chapter on human body structure and function in an eighth-grade textbook aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum used at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Bandung. The aim of this research is to identify the characteristics of HOTS questions contained in the textbook. The method employed in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach, wherein the content is analyzed by grouping questions categorized as HOTS, analyzing the characteristics of HOTS question types, and categorizing the questions to determine whether they qualify as HOTS. The data is then recorded on an identification sheet. The results indicate that most of the questions meet HOTS criteria, accounting for 68%, while a smaller portion falls under the category of Lower-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). The HOTS questions take four forms: case excerpts, images, graphs, and tables. This research is expected to contribute to the development of question items that align with the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum..  

Attractive teaching methods and materials in the 21st century are very necessary to increase students' active role and interest in learning. One approach that has been integrated is the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning model. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing a STEM learning model based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in increasing students' understanding of the human respiratory system. The research method used was experimental, with practicum related to the dangers of smoking as part of the learning implementation. The research subjects involved 23 grade 8 students at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Bandung. The experimental class was given PjBL-based STEM learning with an interactive practicum approach. The research results showed a significant increase in understanding in the experimental class based on pretest and posttest analysis using statistical tests. This research reveals that this approach is effective in increasing student engagement, facilitating holistic understanding of concepts, and motivating students to think critically about the negative impacts of smoking on the respiratory system. Hands-on experimental activities also strengthen the connection between theory and practice. Thus, the application of the PjBL-based STEM learning model through practicum on the dangers of smoking has proven to be effective in increasing students' understanding of the respiratory system. This research recommends using a similar model in the curriculum to optimize student learning outcomes, especially in the field of science.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on the learning outcomes of intellectually disabled 11th-grade students at SLB Negeri Sukapura, Kiaracondong District, Bandung City, in science subjects. The study involved two students with IQ ranges between 40-67. A collaborative approach was used, involving researchers and teachers to observe students' activities during problem-based learning sessions. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and learning outcome tests. The results indicated that implementing PBL positively influenced students' engagement and understanding, particularly among students with higher IQs. However, challenges persisted for students with lower IQs, requiring adjusted teaching methods for greater effectiveness. The application of PBL demonstrated an average improvement in learning outcomes, although some students did not meet the minimum mastery criteria. This study suggests further enhancements in the implementation of PBL to optimize learning experiences for intellectually disabled students.

Learning the concepts of Greatest Common Factor (GCF) and Least Common Multiple (LCM) at the elementary school level faces significant challenges due to their abstract and complex nature. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of innovative learning strategies using the congklak game in enhancing students' understanding of GCF and LCM concepts. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology with the ADDIE model, involving 14 fifth-grade students from SDS Nahdlatul Ulama Medan as research subjects. The congklak game was developed as an interactive learning tool that integrates traditional game elements with mathematical concepts. Implementation was conducted through structured phases including needs analysis, media design, prototype development, learning implementation, and outcome evaluation. Research findings demonstrate significant improvements in students' conceptual understanding and learning outcomes. The use of congklak media successfully created contextual learning experiences that enabled students to visualize abstract GCF and LCM concepts through manipulation of congklak seeds. This strategy also increased active student engagement, promoted collaborative learning, and created an enjoyable learning atmosphere. Data analysis showed improved average student scores and higher learning mastery rates compared to conventional teaching methods. This study provides practical contributions to the development of mathematics teaching strategies at the elementary school level, particularly in teaching GCF and LCM concepts. The research findings recommend the use of congklak media as an effective alternative for enhancing the quality of meaningful mathematics learning oriented toward conceptual understanding.

The purpose of writing this article is to find out in full about the Effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation in the Implementation of Educational Policy approaches and challenges. This article is compiled by means of a literature study using qualitative research methods. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of educational policy is a systematic process used to measure, monitor, and assess the implementation of educational policies and their impact on predetermined objectives. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plays an important role in ensuring the success of educational policy implementation. This article examines the main approaches used in M&E of educational policies and the challenges faced in the process. This article provides strategic recommendations for improving the effectiveness of M&E in the educational context, so that policies can produce significant and sustainable impacts.

A pension fund program is a crucial instrument in the social security system, playing a vital role in ensuring economic stability and financial well-being for individuals in their later years. This program is designed as a form of long-term financial planning aimed at providing protection for workers after they enter retirement. Through this, workers are promised structured benefits in the form of pension funds or allowances, ensuring sustainable income security. Long-term financial planning, particularly for retirement, has become an essential need in the modern economy. This research explores the implementation of actuarial approaches in pension fund calculations utilizing Python programming to enhance the calculation process. The research aims to determine the total promised pension funds allocated across the working period to calculate funding requirements more systematically. Simulated data is used to compare manual calculation results with Python-based estimations. Python is expected to provide additional efficiency in estimating future pension needs. The findings demonstrate that actuarial calculation methods, supported by programming technology, can enhance accuracy in projections and assist in determining the appropriate amount for pension fund programs.

This article reviews the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in the learning process of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) subjects using literature analysis. The Independent Curriculum is an innovative step that aims to improve the quality of learning by providing flexibility for teachers and students. Its implementation in PPKn has been applied in several schools such as SMA Negeri 1 Pringgabaya and MA Negeri 1 Ngawi. The findings show that the Independent Curriculum in PPKn is implemented using open modules, formative and summative assessments, and project-based, collaborative, and problem-based learning methods. The use of the Independent Curriculum allows students to express themselves, learn independently, and develop their talents and abilities. This article states that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in PPKn has the potential to improve the quality of meaningful learning and in accordance with the needs of students.

This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes through the implementation of Lesson Study with the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach. Lesson Study was conducted in two cycles following the Plan-Do-See stages, involving teacher collaboration in planning, implementing, and reflecting on the learning process. The CTL approach was utilized to connect mathematics material to real-life contexts, making learning more meaningful and relevant. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Lesson Study with the CTL approach significantly enhances students' understanding of the material, strengthens their engagement in learning, and provides a more effective learning experience. These findings suggest that the combination of Lesson Study and CTL can be an effective strategy in mathematics instruction to improve students' learning outcomes.

This study aims to improve the literacy skills of fifth-grade students at SDN Citarik III through the implementation of thematic learning. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results of the study showed significant improvement in the students' literacy skills, reflected in the increased literacy test scores and active student involvement in group discussions. The thematic learning approach successfully enhanced students' reading, writing, and critical thinking skills. This improvement was more evident in the second cycle, where the majority of students showed significant progress in their literacy abilities.

Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) is an approach to teaching mathematics that emphasizes the use of real-world contexts to enhance students' understanding and problem-solving abilities. This study explores the implementation of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) at SDN 2 Mataram to enhance students' problem-solving skills in mathematics related to real-life contexts. Observations and interviews with teachers indicate that this approach effectively improves students' understanding and motivation. Through steps such as understanding the contextual problem, explaining, solving, comparing answers, and drawing conclusions, students become more active in learning. RME has proven to help students solve mathematical problems using real-world contexts, such as shopping or measuring objects. This approach positively impacts mathematics instruction at the elementary school level.

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of using the interactive media Wordwall in enhancing third-grade students' understanding of the concept of division of whole numbers. The subjects of this study consist of 24 students. The method used in this research is quantitative with an experimental design, which includes measuring the effectiveness of the interactive media Wordwall in teaching whole number division to third-grade students. Data were collected through pretests and posttests administered to one class to assess changes in students' learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the interactive media. The use of interactive learning tools like Wordwall can stimulate students' interest and motivation in learning. Activities in the form of games and quizzes demonstrate success in learning, as evidenced by the improvement in students' scores after participating in the learning process. The posttest scores of the students were higher compared to their pretest results, and the average score of the third grade also increased, from 49.1 to 80. This learning media is capable of capturing students' attention and facilitating their understanding, thereby accelerating and enhancing their learning outcomes. Overall, the application of the interactive media Wordwall has a positive impact on students' learning results and their active participation in the classroom.

The implementation of technology in educational supervision is an important step to improve the quality of education and the effectiveness of managing the teaching and learning process. The purpose of this study is to analyze how technology-based supervision strategies can be effectively implemented in an educational environment, by reviewing the extent to which technology can improve the quality of teaching and learning. This research uses the literature study method to analyze technology-based supervision strategies in modern education. The desk study was conducted by collecting and reviewing various literatures from scientific journals, books, articles and research reports relevant to the topic. These sources were obtained from reputable academic databases such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ProQuest, as well as credible educational websites. The results of this study show that the implementation of technology in educational supervision has been shown to improve effectiveness through increased accuracy, transparency and efficiency in data collection and analysis. Digital tools allow supervisors to provide prompt feedback to teachers and improve collaboration between supervisors, principals and teachers, creating a more integrated learning environment. However, challenges such as lack of technical skills and resistance to change can hinder this process. Therefore, top management support, adequate training and proper infrastructure are essential to optimize the use of technology in educational supervision, so that the overall quality of education can be improved.

This Classroom Action Research aimed to enhance the mathematics learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya in understanding the multiplication of whole numbers up to 100. The study involved 27 students. Data was collected through observation, tests, and documentation. The cooperative learning model, Teams Games Tournament (TGT), was implemented. Results indicated a significant improvement in students' mathematics achievement, particularly in multiplication, following the implementation of TGT. The percentage of students achieving mastery increased from 37.04% in the pre-cycle to 85.19% in Cycle II. This substantial improvement suggests that TGT effectively created an active, collaborative, and engaging learning environment, motivating students to participate more actively in the learning process. Furthermore, there was a notable increase in the class average across cycles. The implementation of TGT successfully achieved the research objective of enhancing students' understanding of the multiplication concept. Therefore, it is recommended that the TGT model be considered as an alternative to improve the quality of mathematics education in elementary schools.