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The 21st century has led to many transitions, mainly related to the instructional paradigm from teacher-centred to student-centred. This paradigm demands meaningful activities that emphasise learning and are able to build motivation to learn well. This has relevance to Ki Hadjar Dewantara's ideas regarding his concept of education which focuses on the question of how to become a complete human being. Therefore, this narrative literature study aims to provide a descriptive explanation of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's ideas related to the 21st century learning perspective based on existing literature. This article reveals that the ideas inherited by Ki Hadjar Dewantara have strong relevance to the construction of 21st century learning. The discussion of the relevance will be explained in this article as a common reflection for many people, especially educational agents

The 21st century has led to many transitions, mainly related to the instructional paradigm from teacher-centred to student-centred. This paradigm demands meaningful activities that emphasise learning and are able to build motivation to learn well. This has relevance to Ki Hadjar Dewantara's ideas regarding his concept of education which focuses on the question of how to become a complete human being. Therefore, this narrative literature study aims to provide a descriptive explanation of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's ideas related to the 21st century learning perspective based on existing literature. This article reveals that the ideas inherited by Ki Hadjar Dewantara have strong relevance to the construction of 21st century learning. The discussion of the relevance will be explained in this article as a common reflection for many people, especially educational agents

This research aims to explain the meaning that can be obtained from the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village and identify to the function of the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village. The researcher used qualitative method. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis techniques used by Miles and Huberman in the book Sugiyono (2018) models. In the results there are the function of the Lega Mitan traditional ceremony, especially Habi Village, is as a form of respect for people who have died. The ceremony functions so that the soul of the deceased is more peaceful in the afterlife. The Lega Mitan ceremony is a ceremony that signifies that the grieving period is over. It is called blatan bliran, blatan means cold, bliran means freshness for the two people accompanying the corpse. The values that we can take in carrying out the traditional Lega Mitan ceremony are human values and mutual cooperation.

This study is based on the background of 6th grade students of SDS Bhakti Luhur, there are internal and external barriers for novice writers. These obstacles include a lack of knowledge, not having a good command of language, and a lack of interest in writing, while external factors that prevent someone from writing are the difficulty of finding topics or ideas for writing material. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills in grade VI students of SDS Bhakti Luhur. This study uses a quantitative approach by using the survey method. The population of this study amounted to 24 students. The entire population was used as a research sample. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by filling out a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the correlation test and the coefficient of determination (R2) test. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills, this is evidenced by the results of the correlation test which produces a correlation value (rxy) of 0.635> r table compared to the r table value of N = 26 and df = N-2 = 24 obtained 0.635.Then the percentage of the relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills is 37.6%.This is evidenced by the results of the coefficient of determination (R2 ) test conducted by researchers.This research can be useful for teachers in order to improve reading skills and writing skills in students.

This research aims to find out how the implementation of the Pancasila student profile program has an impact on the formation of student character in 21st century education in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used involves collecting Library document sources. The results of this research show the success of learning the Pancasila student profila which strengthens the character of students in accordance with national education goals. So if the Pancasila syudent profile is optimized in its implementation, the Pancasila character of students will be formed.    

Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking about educatonal include lifelong learning that adapts to changing circumstances, take a lot of variety sources and consistent with indonesian pancasila dan cultural norms. This concept can been practicing following by merdeka curriculum. Th purpose of this study is to certain Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking of values and their applicability in education philosophy with merdeka curriculum. The methods in this study is qualitative descriptive in study literarature on some journal that related. The results of this study show that Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking tell about how important education when we can value the student’s freedom, independence dan uniqueness.    

This research aims to explain the meaning that can be obtained from the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village and identify to the function of the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village. The researcher used qualitative method. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis techniques used by Miles and Huberman in the book Sugiyono (2018) models. In the results there are the function of the Lega Mitan traditional ceremony, especially Habi Village, is as a form of respect for people who have died. The ceremony functions so that the soul of the deceased is more peaceful in the afterlife. The Lega Mitan ceremony is a ceremony that signifies that the grieving period is over. It is called blatan bliran, blatan means cold, bliran means freshness for the two people accompanying the corpse. The values that we can take in carrying out the traditional Lega Mitan ceremony are human values and mutual cooperation.

This study is based on the background of 6th grade students of SDS Bhakti Luhur, there are internal and external barriers for novice writers. These obstacles include a lack of knowledge, not having a good command of language, and a lack of interest in writing, while external factors that prevent someone from writing are the difficulty of finding topics or ideas for writing material. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills in grade VI students of SDS Bhakti Luhur. This study uses a quantitative approach by using the survey method. The population of this study amounted to 24 students. The entire population was used as a research sample. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by filling out a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the correlation test and the coefficient of determination (R2) test. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills, this is evidenced by the results of the correlation test which produces a correlation value (rxy) of 0.635> r table compared to the r table value of N = 26 and df = N-2 = 24 obtained 0.635.Then the percentage of the relationship between reading ability and short story writing skills is 37.6%.This is evidenced by the results of the coefficient of determination (R2 ) test conducted by researchers.This research can be useful for teachers in order to improve reading skills and writing skills in students.

This research aims to find out how the implementation of the Pancasila student profile program has an impact on the formation of student character in 21st century education in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used involves collecting Library document sources. The results of this research show the success of learning the Pancasila student profila which strengthens the character of students in accordance with national education goals. So if the Pancasila syudent profile is optimized in its implementation, the Pancasila character of students will be formed.    

Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking about educatonal include lifelong learning that adapts to changing circumstances, take a lot of variety sources and consistent with indonesian pancasila dan cultural norms. This concept can been practicing following by merdeka curriculum. Th purpose of this study is to certain Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking of values and their applicability in education philosophy with merdeka curriculum. The methods in this study is qualitative descriptive in study literarature on some journal that related. The results of this study show that Ki Hajar Dewantara’s thinking tell about how important education when we can value the student’s freedom, independence dan uniqueness.    

The problem in this research is whether the application of role playing techniques through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive using pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The instruments used in this research were a self-esteem questionnaire and guidelines for implementing role playing techniques. The data analysis technique uses the t test formula. The results of data analysis show that the t_count value is 33.4268, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 2.132. Thus, the t_count>t_table value, this shows that the role playing technique through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The Principal is expected to further increase collaboration with Guidance and Counseling teachers in the implementation of role playing techniques through group guidance in order to help increase students' self-esteem. 2) Guidance and Counseling Teachers are expected to continuously carry out activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase students' self-esteem. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in participating in activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increased self-esteem.

The problem in this research is whether the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling to improve the self-concept of class VIII students at ASMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive with pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The research instruments used were a self-concept questionnaire and guidelines for implementing bibliotherapy techniques. The t test formula is used by research when analyzing data. The analysis results show that the t_count value is 88.75, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 12.71 (t_count > t_(table)). This shows that the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The principal is expected to better coordinate and support the entire BK program so that it is implemented well in order to help students improve their self-concept. 2) Guidance and Guidance Teachers are expected to continuously provide individual counseling services using bibliotherapy techniques to improve students' self-concept. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in individual counseling using bibliotherapy techniques carried out by guidance and counseling teachers to improve students' self-concept.

The term gender has been heard by many people, but there are nevertheless many people who do not really understand the term correctly. Gender Equality is one of the problems that is generally often discussed by people to accompany the development of contemporary thinking, both inside the pre-Islamic period and in the period after the arrival of Islam. This paper discusses how gender roles were in the pre-Islamic period which at that time was still very thick with patriarchal culture. And the technique used in this study is within the shape of a literature study, namely by using data sources through literature data such as journals, articles, and internet sites without having to conduct interviews and observations to the field. The result of this paper is that inside the pre-Islamic times of arab society the women were in a time of disgrace and were so demeaned that they became a symbol of the scum and filth of society in that era, but everything changed When the Messenger of Rasulullah SAW came to bring islam to this world, and in those days it positioned women in a noble place. Which means that among men and women there's no distinction when in social life.

The problem in this research is whether the application of role playing techniques through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive using pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The instruments used in this research were a self-esteem questionnaire and guidelines for implementing role playing techniques. The data analysis technique uses the t test formula. The results of data analysis show that the t_count value is 33.4268, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 2.132. Thus, the t_count>t_table value, this shows that the role playing technique through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The Principal is expected to further increase collaboration with Guidance and Counseling teachers in the implementation of role playing techniques through group guidance in order to help increase students' self-esteem. 2) Guidance and Counseling Teachers are expected to continuously carry out activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase students' self-esteem. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in participating in activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increased self-esteem.

The problem in this research is whether the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling to improve the self-concept of class VIII students at ASMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive with pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The research instruments used were a self-concept questionnaire and guidelines for implementing bibliotherapy techniques. The t test formula is used by research when analyzing data. The analysis results show that the t_count value is 88.75, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 12.71 (t_count > t_(table)). This shows that the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The principal is expected to better coordinate and support the entire BK program so that it is implemented well in order to help students improve their self-concept. 2) Guidance and Guidance Teachers are expected to continuously provide individual counseling services using bibliotherapy techniques to improve students' self-concept. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in individual counseling using bibliotherapy techniques carried out by guidance and counseling teachers to improve students' self-concept.

The term gender has been heard by many people, but there are nevertheless many people who do not really understand the term correctly. Gender Equality is one of the problems that is generally often discussed by people to accompany the development of contemporary thinking, both inside the pre-Islamic period and in the period after the arrival of Islam. This paper discusses how gender roles were in the pre-Islamic period which at that time was still very thick with patriarchal culture. And the technique used in this study is within the shape of a literature study, namely by using data sources through literature data such as journals, articles, and internet sites without having to conduct interviews and observations to the field. The result of this paper is that inside the pre-Islamic times of arab society the women were in a time of disgrace and were so demeaned that they became a symbol of the scum and filth of society in that era, but everything changed When the Messenger of Rasulullah SAW came to bring islam to this world, and in those days it positioned women in a noble place. Which means that among men and women there's no distinction when in social life.

The Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival tradition is a cultural activity that takes the form of tradition and is carried out every year. The heritage carnival activity was carried out by the community in Jugo Village, Kesamben District, Blitar Regency. This tradition is carried out every year on Legi Sunday in the month of Sela, this is the calculation of dates and months in Javanese tradition. The implementation of the Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival Tradition is a form of respect for the village ancestor named Eyang Djoego and as a form of community gratitude because with his services he was able to make the residents of Jugo Village live prosperously and have enough because the harvest was so abundant. The focus of this research discusses the origins, procedures, what ubarampe is and the meaning of ubarampe, as well as the function of this traditional activity. This research uses the half-lisa folklore theory of James Danandjadja. The research design used is a qualitative descriptive method, the data sources used in the research are primary and secondary as well as oral and non-verbal data. The results of research from the Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival Tradition produce meanings that are related to culture. This research discusses the origins of the heritage carnival tradition which originated and developed in Jugo Village. These traditional activities are also enlivened and supported by the people in Jugo Village.

The Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival tradition is a cultural activity that takes the form of tradition and is carried out every year. The heritage carnival activity was carried out by the community in Jugo Village, Kesamben District, Blitar Regency. This tradition is carried out every year on Legi Sunday in the month of Sela, this is the calculation of dates and months in Javanese tradition. The implementation of the Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival Tradition is a form of respect for the village ancestor named Eyang Djoego and as a form of community gratitude because with his services he was able to make the residents of Jugo Village live prosperously and have enough because the harvest was so abundant. The focus of this research discusses the origins, procedures, what ubarampe is and the meaning of ubarampe, as well as the function of this traditional activity. This research uses the half-lisa folklore theory of James Danandjadja. The research design used is a qualitative descriptive method, the data sources used in the research are primary and secondary as well as oral and non-verbal data. The results of research from the Eyang Djoego Heritage Carnival Tradition produce meanings that are related to culture. This research discusses the origins of the heritage carnival tradition which originated and developed in Jugo Village. These traditional activities are also enlivened and supported by the people in Jugo Village.

Oral and written communication is broad and free. However, the content in it must comply with applicable rules, one of which is the principle of politeness contained in three anecdotal texts entitled “Liburan Kuli Bangunan”, “Perundungan Tanda Sayang”, and  “Korupsi Kecil”. Criticism in it is conveyed by paying attention to the principles of politeness. However, not all speech contained in the text meets the principles of politeness. Therefore, the author was moved to carry out an analysis of the principles of politeness in the anecdotal texts entitled “Liburan Kuli Bangunan”, “Perundungan Tanda Sayang”, and  “Korupsi Kecil” contained in the Cerdas Cergas Berbahasa dan Bersastra Indonesia SMA/SMK Kelas X. This analysis aims to discover and examine further the principles of language politeness by the discipline of pragmatics. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of data analysis were collected using reading and note-taking techniques. The results of the analysis in this research found 19 violations of politeness principles, dominated by violations of the thimble agreement. Apart from that, there is compliance with the principles of politeness, totaling 4 utterances, namely 2 on the thimble of agreement, and the other 2 on the thimble of humility and the thimble of feelings. With this research, it is hoped that it will be useful for providing understanding and as additional reference material for further research regarding the principles of language politeness in communication.

One example of editorial text found in everyday life is in newspapers. Newspapers provide actual information needed by the public through reporting in editorial texts. The newspaper that is often found today is the Kompas Newspaper. In the educational realm, the editorial text in the Kompas Newspaper can be a medium for learning Indonesian. Editorial text in newspapers requires appropriate sentence structure so that readers can understand the meaning of the contents of the newspaper. Thus, sentence structure in editorial texts can be a medium for analyzing directive illocutionary speech acts. This research aims to determine the types of directive illocution speech acts contained in editorial texts in the Kompas Newspaper. The theoretical benefit of this research is to increase insight and information regarding the types of directive illocution speech acts. The practical benefit is being able to understand the meaning of sentences written in newspapers. This research is classified as descriptive qualitative which refers to a theoretical approach in the form of a pragmatic approach. The method in this research is the matching method using listening and note-taking techniques, while the data presentation method uses formal data presentation. The primary data used is editorial text sourced from the Kompas Newspaper. The data that has been found is presented in the form of an explanation and linked to secondary data in the form of similar previous research. The results of this research are 18 types of directive illocution speech acts which include 7 directive illocution speech acts suggesting, 1 opposing, 2 requesting, 1 commanding, 1 hoping, 1 appealing, 1 giving a signal, 2 pleading, 1 urging, and 1 inviting.