Sektor pertanian merupakan salah satu sektor yang menunjang keberlangsungan pembangunan nasional. Lampung merupakan salah satu provinsi yang memiliki potensi pertanian seperti jagung, padi, lada, tebu, kakao dan lainnya. Kondisi saat ini sedang dihadapkan pada persoalan krisis generasi muda untuk terjun ke sektor pertanian dan pentingnya modal sosial dalam keberlangsungan kegiatan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan analisis terhadap generasi Z dalam melihat dan merespons modal sosial dalam konteks pertanian di Provinsi Lampung. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini melalui pengisian angket secara virtual (Google Form). Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa generasi Z sedikit banyak mengetahui seberapa penting modal sosial dan adanya kelembagaan dalam mempengaruhi kegiatan pertanian.

ketentuan dalam Perma No. 5 tahun 2019 tentang pedoman mengadili permohonan dispensasi kawin agar tercapainya keadilan sejahtera bagi seluruh pihak. Sehingga diperlukan suatu rekonstruksi hukum sebagai upaya penekanan terhadap pernikahan dini agar memasuki kedewasaan berfikir dalam melangsungkan pernikahan. Melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif nantinya penelitian ini lebih menekankan pada data sekunder, yang kemudian dianalisis secara akademis. Sebagai implementasi dalam melindungi keadilan sosial bagi anak dalam menjalankan rumah tangga maka dilakukanlah rekonstruksi hukum terhadap persyaratan administrasi pengajuan dispensasi kawin, bentuk rekonstruksi hukum yang dilakukan yaitu dengan merubah persyaratan yang tertuang dalam Pasal 5 ayat (1) Perauran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 5 Tahun 2015 tentang Pedoman Mengadili Permohonan Perkawinan.  

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed various sectors, such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. However, it also raises critical challenges regarding data privacy, particularly in large-scale data collection and processing. This study explores the differences and similarities in data privacy regulations governing AI between Europe and Asia, focusing on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe and various regulations such as the Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) in Japan and the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) in China. Using a qualitative approach with comparative legal analysis, this research evaluates the principles, flexibility, and practical implications of these regulations for fostering responsible AI development. The findings reveal that while GDPR emphasizes individual protection through transparency and explicit consent, Asia adopts a more flexible approach tailored to national needs, balancing innovation and privacy. However, challenges such as harmonizing cross-border data policies and adapting regulations to rapidly evolving technologies persist. This study contributes to the discourse by highlighting the implications of these regulatory differences for global cooperation and offering strategic recommendations for policymakers and industries. In a globalized digital landscape, aligning legal frameworks is essential not only to protect individual rights but also to build public trust in emerging AI technologies.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has posed significant challenges, particularly concerning the protection of children from online exploitation. This study examines the effectiveness of child protection regulations in Indonesia, addressing the critical issues of increasing cases of child exploitation in cyberspace. The research aims to evaluate the regulatory framework's strengths and limitations while providing actionable recommendations to enhance the system's efficiency. A normative approach was employed, incorporating content analysis of relevant legal documents, comparative law analysis with international regulations, and secondary data from government reports and scholarly literature. The study revealed a consistent increase in reported cases of child exploitation, with limited progress in resolving these cases. Despite existing regulations, systemic issues such as low digital literacy, weak inter-agency coordination, and inadequate resources significantly hinder their implementation. Additionally, Indonesia lags behind developed nations in adopting modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence, for early detection of online exploitation. The findings emphasize the urgent need for strategic investments in digital literacy programs, enhanced law enforcement capabilities, and integration of advanced technologies into child protection mechanisms. Furthermore, this study highlights the critical role of international collaboration in addressing cross-border exploitation. The implications of this research extend to policymakers, legal practitioners, and technology developers, offering a comprehensive perspective on strengthening child protection in the digital age. This research contributes to the theoretical discourse on legal protection and offers practical solutions for developing more robust child protection policies in Indonesia and beyond. Future studies are encouraged to explore longitudinal impacts and the effectiveness of international partnerships in mitigating online child exploitation

Climate change poses a significant global challenge requiring robust international legal frameworks to ensure effective mitigation and adaptation. This study examines the role of international law in implementing the Paris Agreement, focusing on the challenges and opportunities of its bottom-up approach to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Utilizing a meta-analytic methodology, the research synthesizes findings from 30 scholarly articles and policy documents to identify critical patterns and gaps. The findings reveal disparities between developed and developing nations in achieving NDC targets, driven by differences in financial and technological capacities. Developed nations exhibit higher success rates due to better infrastructure and funding, while developing nations struggle with significant barriers such as limited access to climate finance and bureaucratic inefficiencies. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of accountability and transparency mechanisms, such as the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), in fostering international cooperation. The study recommends reforms in global climate finance, enhanced institutional capacity in developing countries, and stronger collaborations for technology transfer. By addressing these gaps, the Paris Agreement can serve as a more effective platform for global climate action. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on climate governance and provide actionable insights for policymakers and international stakeholders.

Customary law plays a vital role in resolving environmental disputes in customary forest areas, which are often focal points of conflict among indigenous communities, the government, and private companies. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of customary law in resolving environmental disputes, identify challenges in its implementation, and provide recommendations for strengthening customary law in the future. Using a qualitative approach and ethnographic methods, this research collected data through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis in several customary forest areas in Kalimantan and Sumatra. The results reveal that 75% of disputes were resolved through customary deliberation mechanisms, reflecting the restorative justice values and collectivism of indigenous communities. However, the implementation of customary law faces significant challenges, including a lack of formal recognition by the government, global economic pressures, and limited supporting infrastructure. Indigenous communities expressed high satisfaction with customary law, which they perceive as more aligned with local values compared to formal legal systems. This research contributes by highlighting the importance of formal recognition and integration of customary law into the national legal framework without compromising local autonomy. The findings align with international studies showing that recognition of customary law can enhance conflict management and environmental conservation. The implications of this study emphasize the need to strengthen customary law recognition through policy reforms and the use of technologies such as GIS and blockchain to document indigenous claims. Thus, this study provides a foundation for policymakers to prioritize strengthening customary law as a sustainable mechanism for resolving environmental disputes.

This study examines the compliance of law enforcement officers with human rights (HR) principles during investigative practices in Indonesia using a quantitative approach. Despite Indonesia's commitment to HR protection, significant gaps persist in the enforcement of rights, such as access to legal counsel and humane treatment. The study aims to evaluate the level of HR compliance, identify influencing factors, and propose actionable solutions to improve investigative practices. The research employed a survey methodology involving 400 respondents, including law enforcement officers, suspects, witnesses, and lawyers. Key indicators analyzed include the treatment of detainees, the right to information, access to legal representation, and mechanisms for reporting HR violations. The collected data were analyzed statistically using descriptive and inferential methods to identify compliance patterns and underlying factors. Findings reveal that HR compliance during investigations remains moderate. While 62% of respondents acknowledged adherence to the right to information, only 45% reported consistent access to legal representation, and 38% experienced inhumane treatment. Factors such as officer training, independent oversight mechanisms, and the integration of technology positively influence compliance. However, challenges like case resolution pressure and limited public awareness of reporting mechanisms hinder broader compliance. The study contributes theoretically by highlighting the multifaceted nature of HR compliance, emphasizing the roles of training, oversight, and technology. Practically, it provides recommendations for policymakers to enhance HR-focused training, promote the use of technology in investigations, and improve the accessibility and transparency of reporting systems. Limitations include geographical constraints and potential biases in self-reported data, suggesting avenues for future research to adopt longitudinal approaches and broader samples. This research advances understanding of HR compliance in law enforcement and offers practical insights for fostering fair and HR-centered investigative practices in Indonesia.

The rapid growth of digital transactions in Indonesia has significantly transformed consumer behavior and the economic landscape. Despite this progress, various challenges, particularly in consumer protection, remain unresolved. Current regulations, including the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK) and the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (UU ITE), provide a foundational legal framework, yet their implementation has been inconsistent and often ineffective. This research aims to evaluate the policies governing consumer protection in digital transactions and identify strategies for improvement. A qualitative approach, utilizing SWOT analysis, was employed to examine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the existing framework. Data were gathered from in-depth interviews with stakeholders and analysis of relevant legal and policy documents. The findings reveal significant gaps in consumer literacy, ineffective dispute resolution mechanisms, and insufficient adoption of advanced technologies like blockchain. However, the rapid growth of the digital economy and initiatives such as "Indonesia Digital 2025" present substantial opportunities for strengthening consumer protection. Cybersecurity risks and reliance on foreign platforms remain critical threats that necessitate immediate attention. This study contributes by providing actionable recommendations for policymakers, including harmonizing regulations, enhancing digital literacy programs, and promoting local technological innovation. The findings also highlight the importance of collaboration between government, industry stakeholders, and international organizations to create a robust and inclusive digital ecosystem. These insights offer valuable guidance for future policy reforms and practical implementations in the context of Indonesia’s digital economy.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into criminal procedure law has emerged as a significant development in enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of judicial systems. However, the implementation of AI in Indonesia remains at an early stage, with challenges such as regulatory gaps, societal trust issues, and potential algorithmic biases. This study aims to explore the potential and challenges of utilizing AI within Indonesia’s criminal procedure framework, focusing on its legal and social implications. Employing a qualitative research approach, this study combines in-depth interviews with legal experts, practitioners, and AI developers, alongside a comprehensive literature review of existing laws and academic research. The findings reveal that AI has the potential to expedite case management, enhance evidence analysis, and reduce human biases in judicial decision-making. Nevertheless, the lack of specific regulations governing AI’s use in the judiciary and the limited public trust pose significant hurdles to its effective implementation. The study also highlights the importance of adaptive legal frameworks and public education to foster transparency and accountability in AI applications. These results contribute to the broader discourse on AI integration in legal systems, particularly in developing countries, by emphasizing the need for localized strategies that address unique social and legal contexts. The implications of this research extend to policymakers and technology developers, providing insights into the regulatory and ethical considerations required for sustainable AI adoption in judicial processes. Future research is recommended to expand the scope of empirical studies and include quantitative analyses to further substantiate the findings.

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence mothers' in Tupperware products. The research method used a questionnaire with 100 mother respondents in the city of Cilegon. The research results show that product quality, price, design and promotion are the main factors influencing mothers' interest. In addition, social and psychological factors such as brand trust, friend recommendations, family recommendations and purchase satisfaction also play a significant role. This research contributes to understanding the consumer behavior of mothers and the marketing strategy of Tupperware products.