This research was motivated by the researcher's interest in the efforts made by PAI teachers to develop students' critical thinking abilities so that students become more active in the learning process. This research uses qualitative methods with a type of field study (field research) through a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The analysis was carried out according to experts, namely Milles and Hubberm, through data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions and researchers used triagulation as a form of checking the validity of the data obtained. The results of the research show that the critical thinking abilities of class VIII students at SMPN 40 Takengon are good, this can be seen when students are active in asking questions and fulfill the indicator criteria contained in critical thinking. Efforts made by PAI teachers to develop students' critical thinking skills include teachers asking students stimulating questions through a random system, secondly giving opportunities to students, thirdly using group/collaboration methods. Supporting factors for PAI teachers in developing critical thinking skills are cellphones, training/workshops, and teacher creativity. The inhibiting factors include limited time, different student abilities, creating a conducive atmosphere, and limited facilities and infrastructure.
 

The purpose of this study was to determine the internal and external factors of pepper farming development and to identify strategies for developing pepper farming in Wonuahoa Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency. This study was conducted from April to June 2024, in Wonuahoa Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency. The determination of the location of this study was carried out purposively, a method of determining the research area intentionally. The population in this study were all farmers who farm pepper in Wonuahoa Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency, where the number of farmers was 56 people. The sample determination was carried out by census, namely by taking all populations as research samples. The analysis uses the SWOT formula. Based on the results of the study, internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) are strength factors consisting of five strength factors while weakness factors consist of five strength factors and external factors (opportunities and threats) are opportunity factors consisting of six opportunity factors while threat factors are the fourth threat factor in the development of pepper farming in Wonuahoa Village, Lambuya District, Konawe Regency and the strategy for developing pepper farming in the research area shows that pepper farming is in the position of development strategy quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy) namely optimizing the high potential price of pepper in the market determined by certified seeds (S1-O1), The high enthusiasm of farmers will be able to use cultivation technology (S4-O4) and high farmer loyalty will create support from the government (S3-O6)

The Analysis of the Financial Report of PT Akasha Wira International Tbk. Aims to Determine The Company's Financial Performance by Compared The Figures in Its Financial Report. Want to see Whether the Company is getting better or noT over time. To do this analysis. Using The Index Number Method. This Method Compares Financial Figures in a particular year with the Previous Year. The Results Show That The Financial Performance of PT Akasha Wira Is Quite Fluctuating. Specifically, the cOompany's Profit Experienced The Largest Increase in 2018, which was IDR 417,281,000 OR 25.89% indicating a significant increase in income. Liabilities and Equity Experienced The Largest Increase in 2023 of IDR 2,262,899 OR 36.00%, Indicating An Increase InThe Company's Total Assets. This Could Indicate A Business Expansion OR Investment Made. Over a 5-year period, The Company Has Shown Sustainable Growth and Effective Utilization of Equity Resources.

Digital transformation in the Industry 4.0 era significantly impacts the effectiveness of human resource management (HRM). This article discusses the impact of digital transformation on HRM, focusing on changing roles, developing digital skills, and utilizing technology for more effective and efficient decision-making. In the past, HRM focused on administrative aspects, but now, there is a demand to develop digital skills for employees in response to modern workplace dynamics. Digital competencies are becoming essential and contributing to increased productivity and organizational competitiveness. This transformation requires a more adaptive competency-based approach to ensure employees have skills relevant to technological developments. HR management facilitates this adaptation through appropriate training and technology implementation in data-driven decision-making processes. By doing so, organizations can respond to challenges and take advantage of new opportunities in the digital era. The World Economic Forum (2020) emphasizes that digital skills, such as technological understanding, data analysis, and digital device proficiency, are now an essential foundation for competitiveness in the modern job market. With the paradigm shift from an administrative function to a strategic role, innovative leadership is required for HRM to support organizational success in the face of Industry 4.0.

This study aims to evaluate performance at PT Nikomas Gemilang, one of the largest footwear manufacturers in Indonesia, using Critical Incident Technique (CIT). This method is used to identify critical incidents that have a significant impact on the success or failure of the company's operations. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis such as performance and work incident reports.The results showed that the most frequent critical incidents included production errors (40%), logistics delays (27%), and work accidents (20%). The main causes include a lack of technical training, weak coordination between departments, and minimal attention to safety standards. These incidents negatively impacted the company's productivity, product quality, and operational efficiency.Through the implementation of CIT, PT Nikomas Gemilang was able to identify the root causes of the problem and develop strategic measures, such as employee training programs, strengthening coordination with ERP technology, and improving work safety standards. With this data-driven evaluation, the company is expected to reduce the risk of similar incidents in the future, improve operational efficiency, and maintain competitiveness in the global market.

This study aims to examine the influence of strategic leadership and organizational culture on student performance, particularly in preparing them to address global challenges and capitalize on future opportunities. The research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing data collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 undergraduate students aged 17–27 years. The data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, as well as descriptive analysis, with the assistance of Microsoft Excel. The findings reveal that strategic leadership significantly and positively influences student performance, especially in enhancing strategic decision-making and problem-solving skills. Moreover, a robust organizational culture substantially contributes to the development of students' character, including attributes such as collaboration, accountability, and innovation. The synergy between these two factors fosters improved student performance both academically and non-academically, equipping them to become competitive and impactful individuals in the professional world. The study recommends that higher education institutions incorporate strategic leadership elements and organizational culture values into their curricula and extracurricular activities. Future research is encouraged to broaden the sample scope and investigate additional variables, such as the role of technology in influencing student performance.

This research aims to optimize the distribution of goods through the application of transportation methods at UD Kurnia Jaya. The main problem faced is how to minimize transportation costs in delivering rice to various agents. The Northwest Corner (NWC) method is used for the initial solution in processing supply and demand data. The results of the study show that the total minimum cost obtained for rice delivery is Rp 1,480,000 in one transportation. This study underscores the importance of applying transportation methods to improve distribution cost efficiency. It is hoped that this result can be a reference for MSMEs in managing logistics and increasing competitiveness through more optimal distribution management

This study aims to analyze the impact of mind mapping on reading comprehension skills among elementary school students (SD/MI). In this journal, the approach used is a literature review by analyzing various relevant sources related to the influence of mind mapping on reading comprehension skills in SD/MI. This method aims to collect, evaluate, and summarize existing information in the literature, including journal articles, books, and credible online sources. The results of the analysis indicate that students who utilize mind mapping experience a significant improvement in their reading comprehension abilities. These findings suggest that mind mapping can be an effective strategy for enhancing students' reading comprehension by helping them organize information visually and facilitating a more interactive learning process. This study recommends that teachers consider incorporating mind mapping into their teaching practices to improve the quality of reading comprehension among students in SD/MI.

The human body cannot work properly without water. Therefore, it is essential to conduct testing and monitoring of drinking water quality to ensure its safety and suitability for consumption. This has prompted researchers to develop more efficient systems compared to traditional methods. This study employs a systematic literature review approach by analysing various published articles to identify and evaluate the application of different types of sensors capable of detecting physical and chemical parameters for assessing drinking water quality. The findings indicate that the integration of sensors, microcontrollers, and Internet of Things (IoT) technology can provide accurate data that is accessible in real-time and remote locations. Furthermore, to enhance the reliability of the system, it is necessary to further develop data processing algorithms by applying artificial intelligence (AI) and/or machine learning technique to create smart systems with improved predictive capabilities. The implementation of these technologies is expected to support the Indonesian government’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing safe and affordable access to drinking water for all its citizens.

Teacher performance is the result of work shown in carrying out the main tasks at school, including planning, implementing, evaluating learning, as well as the responsibility of educating and guiding students. This study aims to describe teacher performance, principals' expectations, and efforts to improve teacher performance in SDN Banyuke Hulu sub-district, Landak district. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach conducted in four primary schools: SDN 06 Semade, SDN 16 Betung, SDN 05 Gamang, and SDN 01 Kampet. Data were collected through interviews with 4 principals and 24 teachers, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana interactive model. The results showed that teachers' performance in the schools was classified as good in planning, mastering materials, methods, strategies, and evaluating learning. Teachers show obedience, honesty, responsibility, cooperation skills, and satisfactory work performance. Principals expect teachers' performance to improve by encouraging participation in making teaching aids, procuring facilities and infrastructure, discussion, motivation, and creating a collaborative working environment between teachers and parents. This study recommends that school principals have clear expectations of teacher performance and that the education office adjust policies to school conditions to support improvements in the quality of teacher performance.